CN111348546A

CN111348546A - Crane main beam and crane

Info

Publication number: CN111348546A
Application number: CN202010205974.9A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 张明海; 曾鹏; 王碧涛; 林伟华; 赵良
Original assignee: Shanghai Zhenghua Heavy Industries Co Ltd
Current assignee: Shanghai Zhenghua Heavy Industries Co Ltd
Priority date: 2020-03-23
Filing date: 2020-03-23
Publication date: 2020-06-30

Abstract

The invention discloses a crane main beam and a crane, wherein the crane main beam comprises an upper panel and a side plate positioned below the upper panel, the upper panel is a horizontal straight plate extending along the longitudinal direction, the cross section of the crane main beam is formed by the upper panel and the side plate in an enclosing mode, the side plate forms an arc-shaped edge on the cross section of the crane main beam, or the cross section of the crane main beam is a convex polygon formed by the side plate and the upper panel, and the number of the edges of the convex polygon is 9 or more. The crane girder can effectively reduce the wind power coefficient of the girder on the crane, increase the capability of bearing larger wind power, meet the safety of the girder structure in a storm working condition, and simultaneously reduce the manufacturing cost of the whole crane and a wharf.

Description

Crane main beam and crane

Technical Field

The invention relates to the field of cranes, in particular to a crane girder and a crane.

Background

Cranes, such as shore bridges, are equipment used to load and unload containers on container ships on shore. The shore bridges are arranged on the coastal or river wharfs and are often attacked by storm or typhoon. In order to meet the safety of the main beam structure in the storm working condition, the thickness or the section height of the main beam is often required to be additionally increased to solve the problem, and thus the weight of the main beam is increased. Accordingly, the door frame foundation and the like also need to be weighted and reinforced in order to withstand the excessive wind load generated by the main beam. The wharf also has a weight increase, which results in an increase in weight of the whole structure, resulting in a high manufacturing cost. In addition, sometimes the quay may not be reinforced any more, and the quay crane may be adapted to reduce its performance, for example to reduce the maximum displacement of the quay crane for lifting the transported goods to compensate for the increase in weight, or to cause the quay crane itself to bear a limited amount of wind.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention provides a crane main beam which is used for solving the technical problem.

The embodiment of the invention discloses a crane girder, which comprises an upper panel and side plates positioned below the upper panel, wherein the upper panel is a horizontal straight plate extending along the longitudinal direction, the cross section of the crane girder is formed by the upper panel and the side plates in an enclosing manner, the side plates form arc-shaped edges on the cross section of the crane girder, or the side plates and the upper panel form a convex polygon on the cross section of the crane girder, and the number of the edges of the convex polygon is 9 or more.

By adopting the technical scheme, the wind power coefficient of the upper main beam of the crane can be effectively reduced, the capability of bearing larger wind power is increased, the safety of the main beam structure in a storm working condition is met, and meanwhile, the manufacturing cost of the whole crane and a wharf can also be reduced.

According to another specific embodiment of the invention, the embodiment of the invention discloses a crane girder, and the cross section of the crane girder is formed into a semicircle by the side plates and the upper panel.

According to another specific embodiment of the invention, the embodiment of the invention discloses a crane main beam, and the number of the sides of the convex polygon is 9-17.

According to another specific embodiment of the invention, the side plate comprises a plurality of bending sections, the plurality of bending sections are formed by sequentially welding a plurality of straight plates, or the plurality of bending sections are formed by bending an integral plate.

According to another specific embodiment of the invention, the embodiment of the invention discloses a crane main beam, wherein the plurality of bending sections comprise a first bending section and a second bending section which are respectively and directly butted with two ends of an upper panel in the width direction, and the included angle between the first bending section and the upper panel and the included angle between the second bending section and the upper panel are 70-100 degrees.

According to another specific embodiment of the invention, the embodiment of the invention discloses a main beam of a crane, and the included angle between the first bending section and the upper panel and the included angle between the second bending section and the upper panel are 90 degrees.

According to another specific embodiment of the invention, the embodiment of the invention discloses a crane girder, on the cross section of the crane girder, the middle of an upper panel is a middle point, the joint between every two adjacent bending sections is an adjacent point, and the connecting line length of the middle point and each adjacent point is equal.

According to another specific embodiment of the invention, the embodiment of the invention discloses a crane main beam, and the widths of a plurality of bending sections are equal.

According to another specific embodiment of the invention, the embodiment of the invention discloses a crane main beam, wherein the crane main beam is also provided with track panels and trolley tracks, the track panels are positioned at two ends of the upper panel in the width direction and extend along the longitudinal direction, and the trolley tracks are welded on the track panels.

According to another specific embodiment of the invention, the two positions where the side plates are directly butted with the upper panel are respectively positioned right below the trolley track.

According to another specific embodiment of the invention, the embodiment of the invention discloses a crane main beam, which further comprises a longitudinal rib and U-shaped steel, wherein the longitudinal rib penetrates through the crane main beam along the longitudinal direction.

According to another specific embodiment of the invention, the embodiment of the invention discloses a crane main beam, which further comprises transverse clapboards arranged at intervals along the longitudinal direction inside the crane main beam.

The invention also provides a crane, which comprises the crane girder.

By adopting the technical scheme, the anti-storm wind capacity of the crane can be improved, and the manufacturing cost of the whole crane and a wharf is reduced.

Drawings

FIG. 1A shows a cross-sectional schematic view of a conventional main beam;

FIG. 1B shows a cross-sectional schematic view of another conventional main beam;

FIG. 2A shows a schematic structural view of a crane main beam according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 2B shows a schematic Y-Y cross-sectional view of a crane main beam according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 3A shows a schematic structural view of a main beam of a crane according to another embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 3B shows a schematic Y-Y cross-sectional view of a crane main beam according to another embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 4 shows a schematic diagram of the crane structure of the invention.

Detailed Description

The following description of the embodiments of the present invention is provided for illustrative purposes, and other advantages and effects of the present invention will become apparent to those skilled in the art from the present disclosure. While the invention will be described in conjunction with the preferred embodiments, it is not intended that features of the invention be limited to these embodiments. On the contrary, the invention is described in connection with the embodiments for the purpose of covering alternatives or modifications that may be extended based on the claims of the present invention. In the following description, numerous specific details are set forth in order to provide a thorough understanding of the present invention. The invention may be practiced without these particulars. Moreover, some of the specific details have been left out of the description in order to avoid obscuring or obscuring the focus of the present invention. It should be noted that the embodiments and features of the embodiments may be combined with each other without conflict.

It should be noted that in this specification, like reference numerals and letters refer to like items in the following drawings, and thus, once an item is defined in one drawing, it need not be further defined and explained in subsequent drawings.

In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

Fig. 1A and 1B show cross-sectional views of two conventional shore bridge girders. The cross section of the main beam in the prior art is generally trapezoidal or rectangular, the wind power coefficient of the main beams in the two shapes is higher, so that the main beam structure can bear larger wind power, and in order to meet the safety of the main beam structure in a storm working condition, the thickness or the section height of the main beam plate is often required to be additionally increased. According to the invention, the wind power of the main beam is reduced from the perspective of reducing the wind power coefficient of the main beam in a mode of changing the shape of the cross section of the main beam, so that the additional thickening and weight increment of the main beam are avoided.

As shown in fig. 2A and 2B and fig. 3A and 3B, the present invention provides a crane main beam 10 including an upper panel 2 and a side plate 3 located below the upper panel, one end of the side plate 3 is connected to one end of the upper panel 2 in a width direction (e.g., an x direction in fig. 2B and 3B), and the other end of the side plate 3 is connected to the other end of the upper panel 2 in the width direction. The upper panel 2 is a horizontal straight plate extending in a longitudinal direction, i.e., an extending direction of the crane main beam 10 (e.g., a z direction in fig. 2A and 3A). Fig. 2B and 3B are schematic cross-sectional views of a crane main beam 10 according to an embodiment of the present invention, in which a cross section of the crane main beam 10 is surrounded by an upper panel 2 and side panels 3, wherein the side panels 3 form arc-shaped sides on the cross section of the crane main beam, or the cross section of the crane main beam 10 is formed by the side panels 3 and the upper panel 2 into a convex polygon, and the number of sides of the convex polygon is 9 or more.

According to the invention, the cross section of the main beam is set to be semi-arc-shaped, or for the situation that the side plate 3 and the upper panel 2 form a convex polygon, the number of sides of the convex polygon is 9 or more, namely the side plate 3 forms 8 sides or more, the cross section of the convex polygon is approximate to arc, and the convex polygon is closer to the arc as the number of sides is increased continuously. Compared with the original girder with trapezoidal and rectangular cross section, the girder with the formed arc-shaped and approximately arc-shaped cross section has obviously reduced wind power coefficient and reduced generated wind load. The convex polygon is a polygon whose inner angles are not reflex angles. Tests show that when the cross section of the main beam is a convex polygon, and the number of the sides formed by the side plates 3 is 8 or more, namely the number of the sides of the convex polygon is 9 or more, the formed convex polygon is more obvious to present an approximate semi-arc shape, and when the number of the sides of the convex polygon is 9 or more, the wind power coefficient is more obviously reduced, and the corresponding wind load is more obviously reduced. Specifically, the number of sides of the convex polygon is 9-17, that is, the number of sides formed by the side plate 3 is 8-16.

Because the wind power coefficient of the main beam is reduced, compared with the existing main beam structure, the main beam structure can reduce the weight of the main beam, correspondingly, the weight of a door frame and the weight of a wharf can be reduced, the process is simplified, and the cost is reduced.

Furthermore, the semi-arc shape of the cross section of the crane girder 2 can be a semi-arc shape with equal diameter, namely a semi-circle shape, and the crane girder has a lower wind force coefficient and a simpler process.

In another embodiment, the side plate 3 comprises a plurality of bending sections, and the plurality of bending sections are sequentially and fixedly connected. For example, the plurality of bent segments are straight plates, and the plurality of straight plates are sequentially welded to form the side plate 3. Alternatively, the side plate 3 may be formed by bending a straight plate.

As further shown in fig. 3A and 3B, the plurality of bending sections include a first bending section 31 and a second bending section 32 respectively butted with two ends of the upper panel 2 in the width direction, an included angle between the first bending section 31 and the upper panel 2 ranges from 70 degrees to 100 degrees, and an included angle between the second bending section 32 and the upper panel 2 ranges from 70 degrees to 100 degrees. The main beam of the invention is provided with trolley tracks at two ends of the upper panel 2 along the width direction, and the included angles between the first bending section 31 and the upper panel 2 and between the second bending section 32 and the upper panel 2 are kept at 70-100 degrees, so that effective support can be achieved. Furthermore, the included angle can be 90 degrees, and the supporting effect is better.

Further, referring to fig. 3B, on the cross section of the crane girder 10, the middle of the upper panel 2 is marked as a middle point, the connection between each two adjacent bending sections is an adjacent point, the plurality of bending plates have a plurality of adjacent points, and the connection line between the middle point and each adjacent point is equal in length. That is, the connecting line of the midpoint and each adjacent point is equivalent to a radius, the radii are equal, each adjacent point is equivalent to be positioned on the same semicircular arc, and the formed convex polygon is approximately semicircular. As the number of sides increases, the convex polygon formed will approach a semicircle infinitely. From the perspective of combining the proximity degree and simplifying the process, the number of the sides of the convex polygon formed by the side plate 3 and the upper panel 2 is 9-17 in the embodiment. In addition, in each of the above embodiments, the widths of the bending sections may be set to be uniform. That is, the plurality of bent segments are formed by welding a plurality of straight plates having the same width, or the plurality of bent segments are formed by uniformly bending the entire plate. Here, the width of the bent segment refers to a dimension of the bent segment in a direction perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the crane main beam 10 and on the same plane.

In the above embodiment, by providing the cross section of the crane girder 10 in a semicircular shape or an approximately semicircular shape, the wind power coefficient of the girder can be more significantly reduced. In addition, the thickness of the main beam is not required to be increased, so that the length of the main beam 2 of the crane in the longitudinal direction can be expanded more, and the transfer displacement of goods dispatched by the crane is increased.

With continued reference to fig. 2B and 3B, in the above embodiments, the crane main beam 10 is further mounted with the rail panel 4 and the trolley rail 5, the rail panel 4 is located at both ends of the upper panel 2 in the width direction and extends in the longitudinal direction, and the trolley rail 5 is welded to the rail panel 4.

As shown in fig. 1A and 1B, when the cross section of the conventional main beam is trapezoidal, a rail bearing beam 11 is provided to support a rail pressing plate 12, and a fixing manner of the trolley rail 13 and the rail pressing plate 12 is a pressing plate type. When the section of the main beam is rectangular, the trolley track 13 and the track pressing plate 12 are fixed by adopting a pressing plate type.

This application welds dolly track 5 on track panel 4, has not only simplified fixed technology, and welded mode can be linked into whole with dolly track 5 and track panel 4 simultaneously, can take into account the cross-section tensile modulus of girder, participates in the atress as holistic partly of hoist girder 10, can undertake the impact of wind-force together, reduces the influence of wind-force to the girder.

In addition, two positions where the side plate 3 is directly butted with the upper panel 2 are respectively positioned right below the trolley track 5. In the above embodiment, for example, the first bending section 31 and the second bending section 32 are located right below the cart rail 5 at the position where they are butted against the upper panel 2. When the side plate 3 is a semicircular edge, the position where the semicircular edge is directly butted with the upper panel 2 is positioned right below the trolley track 5. If the trolley rails 5 are arranged in the middle of the upper panel 2, the side panels 3 cannot support the trolley rails 5, and the trolley rails 5 and the trolleys running on the trolley rails 5 may buckle the upper panel. Thus, the above arrangement can transmit the supporting force from the side plate 3 to the carriage rail 5. Preferably, when the side panel 3 is formed by a plurality of bends, the included angle between the first bend section 31 and the upper panel 2 and the included angle between the second bend section 32 and the upper panel 2 are 70-100 degrees, and further 90 degrees.

In the above embodiments, the crane main beam 10 further includes longitudinally penetrating longitudinal ribs 61 and U-shaped steel 62 inside to increase the strength of the crane main beam 10. Wherein, the longitudinal ribs 61 can be a plurality and are distributed on the inner walls of the side plates 3 and the upper panel 2. The U-shaped steel 62 may be one or more, and may be located, for example, at the bottom of the inner wall of the side plate 3. In addition, the transverse partition plates 7 arranged at intervals along the longitudinal direction can be further arranged inside the main beam 10 of the crane, and the shape of the transverse partition plates 7 can be matched with the shape of the inside of the main beam 10 of the crane and is of a hollow structure.

As shown in fig. 4, the invention further provides a crane 8, which includes the crane main beam 10 in the above embodiments, and is used for effectively reducing the wind power coefficient and improving the wind resistance of the crane. Fig. 4 comprises a schematic view of the crane from a and B, the structure of the crane 8 being shown only partially. The cross sections of the crane girder 10 at different positions in the longitudinal direction in the present embodiment are shown in fig. 4.

While the invention has been shown and described with reference to certain preferred embodiments thereof, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that the foregoing is a more detailed description of the invention, taken in conjunction with the specific embodiments thereof, and that no limitation of the invention is intended thereby. Various changes in form and detail, including simple deductions or substitutions, may be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention.

Claims

1. The crane girder is characterized by comprising an upper panel and a side plate located below the upper panel, wherein the upper panel is a horizontal straight plate extending along the longitudinal direction, the cross section of the crane girder is formed by the upper panel and the side plate in a surrounding mode, an arc-shaped edge is formed on the cross section of the crane girder by the side plate, or a convex polygon is formed on the upper panel by the side plate, and the number of the edges of the convex polygon is 9 or more.

2. The crane main beam as claimed in claim 1, wherein the cross section of the crane main beam is formed in a semi-circular shape by the side plates and the top plate.

3. The crane girder of claim 1, wherein the number of sides of the convex polygon is 9-17.

4. The crane girder according to claim 1, wherein the side plates comprise a plurality of bent sections, and the plurality of bent sections are formed by sequentially welding a plurality of straight plates, or are formed by bending a whole plate.

5. The crane girder according to claim 4, wherein the plurality of bent sections include a first bent section and a second bent section that are directly butted against both ends of the upper panel in the width direction, respectively, and an included angle between the first bent section and the upper panel is 70 to 100 degrees.

6. The crane main beam as claimed in claim 5, wherein the first and second bent sections are at an angle of 90 degrees to the upper panel.

7. The crane girder of claim 4, wherein in the cross section of the crane girder, the middle of the upper panel is a middle point, the joint between each two adjacent bent segments is an adjacent point, and the connecting line between the middle point and each adjacent point is equal in length.

8. The crane main beam as claimed in any one of claims 4 to 7, wherein the width of the plurality of bent segments is equal.

9. The crane main beam as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 7, further mounting rail panels at both ends of the upper panel in the width direction and extending in the longitudinal direction, and trolley rails welded to the rail panels.

10. The crane girder of claim 9, wherein two locations where the side panels directly interface with the top panel are each directly below the trolley rails.

11. The crane girder according to any one of claims 1 to 7, further comprising longitudinally penetrating longitudinal ribs and U-shaped steel inside the crane girder.

12. The crane main beam as claimed in claim 11, further comprising a bulkhead longitudinally spaced apart from the interior of the crane main beam.

13. A crane comprising a crane girder as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 12.