CN111347986B - Electrical apparatus box, electrical apparatus box monitored control system and vehicle - Google Patents
Electrical apparatus box, electrical apparatus box monitored control system and vehicle Download PDFInfo
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- CN111347986B CN111347986B CN201811572447.0A CN201811572447A CN111347986B CN 111347986 B CN111347986 B CN 111347986B CN 201811572447 A CN201811572447 A CN 201811572447A CN 111347986 B CN111347986 B CN 111347986B
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60R—VEHICLES, VEHICLE FITTINGS, OR VEHICLE PARTS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B60R16/00—Electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for; Arrangement of elements of electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for
- B60R16/02—Electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for; Arrangement of elements of electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for electric constitutive elements
- B60R16/023—Electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for; Arrangement of elements of electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for electric constitutive elements for transmission of signals between vehicle parts or subsystems
- B60R16/0239—Electronic boxes
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01D—MEASURING NOT SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR A SPECIFIC VARIABLE; ARRANGEMENTS FOR MEASURING TWO OR MORE VARIABLES NOT COVERED IN A SINGLE OTHER SUBCLASS; TARIFF METERING APPARATUS; MEASURING OR TESTING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01D21/00—Measuring or testing not otherwise provided for
- G01D21/02—Measuring two or more variables by means not covered by a single other subclass
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Abstract
The invention relates to an electrical box, an electrical box monitoring system and a vehicle, belonging to the field of passenger car safety. The invention realizes the comprehensive detection of the faults of the electric appliance box, accurately reflects the faults of the electric appliance box, facilitates the judgment and the maintenance of workers, further improves the working efficiency and can also avoid safety accidents to a certain extent.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to an electric box, an electric box monitoring system and a vehicle, and belongs to the field of passenger car safety.
Background
With the increasing public demand for passenger car configuration, passenger cars are gradually beginning to add various driving assistance functions, such as electronic parking, ramp assistance, parking brake, front collision warning system, 360-degree around radar warning system, etc. These newly-increased equipment are a new challenge to passenger train power supply unit, and the passenger train power supply wiring harness is on fire, plug connector ablation condition often takes place summer, and this has just provided higher demand to passenger train power supply unit's security.
In the prior art, the power supply of the electric appliance for the whole vehicle is integrated in the electric appliance box, and for the example of a passenger car, the electric appliance box comprises three types: the front closed electrical box, the rear closed electrical box and the fuse box can not communicate with the whole vehicle. When the power supply line burns insurance or short circuit fault appears, the vehicle function receives the influence, and the maintainer can't judge circuit fault position or type fast, and monitoring platform also can't inquire or record, can only be through troubleshooting circuit insurance and relay one by one, and is wasted time and energy for work efficiency is low.
The chinese utility model patent document with the grant publication number of CN203331997U discloses an electrical apparatus box for automobile with temperature detection function, which is provided with a temperature detection element on the electrical apparatus box body, and can detect the temperature of the electrical apparatus box and perform fault alarm according to the temperature signal. However, the faults of the electrical box cannot be detected comprehensively only through the temperature information, and many faults cannot be reflected through the temperature information, so that the faults of the electrical box cannot be reflected comprehensively and accurately only through one type of detection information, and the detection accuracy is poor.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide an electric box, an electric box monitoring system and a vehicle, which are used for solving the problems that the fault of the electric box cannot be comprehensively and accurately reflected only through one detection information, and the detection accuracy is poor.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides an electric box, an electric box monitoring system and a vehicle.
The utility model provides an electrical apparatus box, includes electrical apparatus box body and sets up at this internal signal detection module of electrical apparatus box, signal detection module is including the current detection unit who is arranged in detecting the current information of corresponding components and parts in the electrical apparatus box body, the voltage detection unit who is arranged in detecting the voltage information of corresponding components and parts in the electrical apparatus box body, be arranged in detecting the temperature detection unit of the temperature information of corresponding components and parts in the electrical apparatus box body and be arranged in detecting at least two kinds among the resistance detection unit of the resistance information of corresponding components and parts in the electrical apparatus box body.
The invention adopts at least two signal detection units to comprehensively detect the electrical box, thereby ensuring the detection accuracy of the electrical box. Generally, the faults of the electric appliance box are mainly caused by overcurrent, undervoltage, overtemperature, open circuit of a relay coil and the like, and certain relation exists between the faults, for example, a certain relation exists between current and temperature, the current is too high, the temperature is easy to be higher, and only one of the faults needs to be detected, so that comprehensive detection of the faults of the electric appliance box can be realized by adding at least two signal detection units in the electric appliance box, and the faults of the electric appliance box can be accurately reflected, so that the judgment and the maintenance of workers are facilitated, the working efficiency is further improved, and safety accidents can be avoided to a certain extent. Of course, the more the kinds of signal detection units are, the higher the comprehensiveness is.
Further, the signal detection module comprises a current detection unit, a voltage detection unit, a temperature detection unit and a resistance detection unit.
Different fault information is directly detected by adding different detection units, so that the method is simple and convenient, and the working efficiency is further improved.
Furthermore, the electric appliance box body comprises a binding post, a fuse and a relay, the current detection unit comprises a first current sensor for detecting the current of a line where the binding post is located, a second current sensor for detecting the current of the line where the fuse is located and a third current sensor for detecting the current of a line where a relay contact is located, the voltage detection unit comprises a first voltage sensor for detecting the voltage of the binding post, the temperature detection unit comprises a first temperature sensor used for detecting the temperature of a binding post, a second temperature sensor used for detecting the temperature of the fuse and a third temperature sensor used for detecting the temperature of the relay contact, and the resistance detection unit is a resistance sensor used for detecting the resistance of a relay coil.
The fault information of the electric appliance box can be detected by respectively detecting the related parameters of the wiring terminal, the fuse and the relay, and then the fault type is judged.
The utility model provides an electrical apparatus box monitored control system, including the electrical apparatus box, data processing module and alarm module, the electrical apparatus box includes the electrical apparatus box body and sets up at this internal signal detection module of electrical apparatus box, signal detection module is including the current detection unit who is arranged in detecting the current information of corresponding components and parts in the electrical apparatus box body, a voltage detection unit for detecting the voltage information of corresponding components and parts in the electrical apparatus box body, at least two kinds among the resistance detection unit that is arranged in detecting the temperature information of corresponding components and parts in the electrical apparatus box body and is used for detecting the resistance information of corresponding components and parts in the electrical apparatus box body, signal detection module is connected to data processing module's signal input part, alarm module is connected in data processing module's data output part control.
The invention adopts at least two signal detection units to comprehensively detect the electrical box, thereby ensuring the detection accuracy of the electrical box. Generally, the faults of the electric appliance box are mainly caused by overcurrent, undervoltage, overtemperature, open circuit of a relay coil and the like, and certain relation exists between the faults, for example, a certain relation exists between current and temperature, the current is too high, the temperature is easy to be higher, and only one of the faults needs to be detected, so that comprehensive detection of the faults of the electric appliance box can be realized by adding at least two signal detection units in the electric appliance box, and the faults of the electric appliance box can be accurately reflected, so that the judgment and the maintenance of workers are facilitated, the working efficiency is further improved, and safety accidents can be avoided to a certain extent. Of course, the more the kinds of signal detection units are, the higher the comprehensiveness is.
Further, the signal detection module comprises a current detection unit, a voltage detection unit, a temperature detection unit and a resistance detection unit.
Different fault information is directly detected by adding different detection units, so that the method is simple and convenient, and the working efficiency is further improved.
The utility model provides a vehicle, including vehicle body and electrical apparatus box monitored control system, electrical apparatus box monitored control system includes the electrical apparatus box, data processing module and alarm module, the electrical apparatus box includes the electrical apparatus box body and sets up at this internal signal detection module of electrical apparatus box, signal detection module is including the current detection unit that is used for detecting the current information of corresponding components and parts in the electrical apparatus box body, the voltage detection unit that is used for detecting the voltage information of corresponding components and parts in the electrical apparatus box body, at least two kinds among the resistance detection unit that is used for detecting the temperature information of corresponding components and parts in the electrical apparatus box body and is used for detecting the resistance information of corresponding components and parts in the electrical apparatus box body, signal detection module is connected to data processing module's signal input part, alarm module is connected in data processing module's data output end control.
The invention adopts at least two signal detection units to comprehensively detect the electrical box, thereby ensuring the detection accuracy of the electrical box. Generally, the faults of the electric appliance box are mainly caused by overcurrent, undervoltage, overtemperature, open circuit of a relay coil and the like, and certain relation exists between the faults, for example, a certain relation exists between current and temperature, the current is too high, the temperature is easy to be higher, and only one of the faults needs to be detected, so that comprehensive detection of the faults of the electric appliance box can be realized by adding at least two signal detection units in the electric appliance box, and the faults of the electric appliance box can be accurately reflected, so that the judgment and the maintenance of workers are facilitated, the working efficiency is further improved, and safety accidents can be avoided to a certain extent. Of course, the more the kinds of signal detection units are, the higher the comprehensiveness is.
Furthermore, the electric appliance box monitoring system further comprises a wireless communication module, and the data processing module is connected with the wireless communication module and used for transmitting related data information to the remote monitoring platform.
The fault information is transmitted to the remote monitoring platform, the fault information can be analyzed and collected, meanwhile, if unattended during fault occurrence, the remote monitoring platform can timely inform relevant personnel to process, safety accidents are avoided, and safety of vehicles is guaranteed.
Further, the signal detection module comprises a current detection unit, a voltage detection unit, a temperature detection unit and a resistance detection unit.
Different fault information is directly detected by adding different detection units, so that the method is simple and convenient, and the working efficiency is further improved.
Furthermore, the electric appliance box body comprises a binding post, a fuse and a relay, the current detection unit comprises a first current sensor for detecting the current of a line where the binding post is located, a second current sensor for detecting the current of the line where the fuse is located and a third current sensor for detecting the current of a line where a relay contact is located, the voltage detection unit comprises a first voltage sensor for detecting the voltage of the binding post, the temperature detection unit comprises a first temperature sensor used for detecting the temperature of a binding post, a second temperature sensor used for detecting the temperature of the fuse and a third temperature sensor used for detecting the temperature of the relay contact, and the resistance detection unit is a resistance sensor used for detecting the resistance of a relay coil.
The fault information of the electric appliance box can be detected by respectively detecting the related parameters of the wiring terminal, the fuse and the relay, and then the fault type is judged.
Furthermore, the alarm module comprises an in-vehicle alarm unit and an out-vehicle alarm unit, wherein the in-vehicle alarm unit is an instrument module, and the out-vehicle alarm unit is a vehicle lamp in front of and behind the vehicle body.
According to the severity of the fault, the fault is divided into three levels, namely a slight fault, a middle-level fault and a serious fault, different alarm modes are adopted for reminding different faults, and the method is reasonable and safe.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the interior of the electrical box of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a circuit diagram of the interior of the electrical box of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a control schematic of the present invention;
fig. 4 is a flow chart of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The embodiment of the vehicle is as follows:
this embodiment provides a vehicle, and the vehicle includes vehicle body and electrical apparatus box monitored control system, and electrical apparatus box monitored control system includes electrical apparatus box, data processing module and alarm module, and the electrical apparatus box includes electrical apparatus box body and signal detection module, and signal detection module sets up at the electrical apparatus box originally internally. The signal input end of the data processing module is connected with the signal detection module, and the data output end of the data processing module is connected with the alarm module in a control mode. The signal detection module is used for detecting various electrical parameters in the electric appliance box, the data processing module is used for analyzing and processing the detected various electrical parameters, the alarm module is used for prompting abnormal conditions, the signal detection module sends the detected various electrical parameters to the data processing module, the data processing module analyzes the received data, and finally the analysis result is sent to the alarm module to give an alarm.
The invention has the main conception that a plurality of signal detection modules are added in the original electric appliance box, and the plurality of signal detection modules are utilized to detect various fault sources in the electric appliance box, so that the fault information of the electric appliance box can be comprehensively reflected.
In this embodiment, as shown in fig. 1, the signal detection module includes a current detection unit, a voltage detection unit, a temperature detection unit and a resistance detection unit, the current detection unit is used for detecting current information of corresponding components in the electrical apparatus box body, the voltage detection unit is used for detecting voltage information of corresponding components in the electrical apparatus box body, the temperature detection unit is used for detecting temperature information of corresponding components in the electrical apparatus box body, and the resistance detection unit is used for detecting resistance information of corresponding components in the electrical apparatus box body. As another embodiment, the signal detection module may include two or three of the four detection units, because including at least two can reflect the fault of the electrical box more accurately.
A specific embodiment of the electrical box body is given below. The electrical box body comprises a wiring terminal, a fuse and a relay, the current detection unit comprises a first current sensor, a second current sensor and a third current sensor, the voltage detection unit comprises a first voltage sensor, a second voltage sensor and a third voltage sensor, the temperature detection unit comprises a first temperature sensor, a second temperature sensor and a third temperature sensor, and the resistance detection unit is a resistance sensor. The first current sensor is used for detecting the current of a line where a binding post is located, the second current sensor is used for detecting the current of the line where a fuse is located, the third current sensor is used for detecting the current of the line where a relay contact is located, the first voltage sensor is used for detecting the voltage of the binding post, the second voltage sensor is used for detecting the voltage of two ends of the fuse, the third voltage sensor is used for detecting the voltage of two ends of the relay contact, the first temperature sensor is used for detecting the temperature of the binding post, the second temperature sensor is used for detecting the temperature of the fuse, the third temperature sensor is used for detecting the temperature of the relay contact, and the resistance sensor is used for detecting the resistance of a relay coil. In this embodiment, in order to ensure the accuracy of detection, each line is provided with a corresponding detection unit, so that the number of detection units is relatively large, and of course, the number of detection units may also be reduced or different detection units may not be required to be arranged on each line, and the detection units may be arranged according to the characteristics of the line as long as related information can be detected. The circuit connection relationship between the terminal in the electrical box and the fuse box relay is shown in figure 2.
In order to implement communication between the electrical box system and the remote monitoring platform, in this embodiment, the electrical box monitoring system further includes a wireless communication module, the data processing module is connected to the wireless communication module, the wireless communication module is a GPRS wireless communication module in the vehicle-mounted monitoring host and is configured to transmit related data information to the remote monitoring platform, as another implementation manner, the wireless communication module may also be a communication module such as a 3G/4G communication module or the like, and may also be disposed in another module, and a wired communication module may be used to upload related data, as long as data transmission is implemented, a specific implementation manner and an installation position of the system are not limited, and certainly, if monitoring by the remote monitoring platform is not required, the wireless communication module may also be absent.
According to the severity of the fault, in this embodiment, the alarm module includes an in-vehicle alarm unit and an out-vehicle alarm unit, the in-vehicle alarm unit is an instrument module, a sound alarm module and a visual alarm module are arranged inside the instrument module, the sound alarm module is a buzzer, the visual alarm module is a rolling red alarm, the out-vehicle alarm unit is a front and back vehicle lamp of the vehicle body, as another embodiment, the alarm module may only include the in-vehicle alarm unit under the condition of ensuring the strength of the alarm module, and the in-vehicle alarm unit may only include the sound alarm module or the visual alarm module, and the specific embodiment of the invention is not limited.
In this embodiment, the data processing module is an electrical box ECU, and as another embodiment, the data processing module may also be another controller in the vehicle, which is not limited herein.
As shown in fig. 3, the vehicle further includes a power module, a DC/DC module, and a VCU (vehicle control unit), and in general, the vehicle includes three electrical boxes, which are an electrical box 1 (i.e., a front electrical box), an electrical box 2 (i.e., a rear electrical box), and an electrical box 3 (i.e., a fuse box), respectively, the power module is connected to one side of the DC/DC module, and the other side of the DC/DC module is connected to the instrument module, the VCU, the electrical box ECU, the electrical box 1, the electrical box 2, and the electrical box 3, respectively; the electrical box ECU is respectively connected with the electrical box 1, the electrical box 2 and the electrical box 3, and the electrical box ECU, the VCU, the instrument module and the vehicle-mounted monitoring host are connected through a CAN bus. Since the inside of the electrical boxes 1, 2 and 3 is as shown in fig. 2, the other side of the DC/DC module is connected to one end of the terminal in each electrical box, and the electrical box ECU is connected to the lower end of the electrical box as shown in fig. 2.
The power module is used for providing power and respectively supplying power to the instrument module, the VCU, the electrical box ECU, the vehicle-mounted monitoring host, the electrical box 1, the electrical box 2 and the electrical box 3.
The DC/DC module is used for processing the voltage provided by the power supply module and outputting stable voltage meeting the power consumption requirement.
The electric appliance box 1, the electric appliance box 2 and the electric appliance box 3 respectively supply power to electric appliances at the front part of the vehicle, electric appliances at the rear part of the vehicle, and electric appliances for auxiliary driving such as ramp auxiliary driving, electronic parking and the like through internal relays and fuses.
The electrical box ECU receives various information collected by each sensor inside the electrical box, for example: the CAN module converts the analog signals into digital signals and judges the digital signals, so as to judge fault information, such as overcurrent, undervoltage, overtemperature, open circuit of the relay coil and the like, and finally sends the fault information and fault addresses to the VCU through a CAN bus.
The VCU receives the fault information and the fault address, converts the fault information into alarm information through analysis, then sends the alarm information to the instrument module through the CAN bus, and sends the original fault information and the fault address to the vehicle-mounted monitoring host.
The vehicle-mounted monitoring host receives the fault information and the fault address, sends the fault information and the fault address to the remote monitoring platform through the built-in GPRS wireless communication module SIM card, specifically comprises the fault address, the fault type, the vehicle position, the fault time, the vehicle work number and the like, realizes the remote real-time monitoring and the real-time information storage of the vehicle, and is convenient for a dispatching system to manage the vehicle
The instrument module receives the alarm information, judges the severity of the fault according to the code of the fault part, and when the fault is a slight fault, the buzzer generates a buzzer for 10s to remind a driver of paying attention; when the fault is a middle-level fault, a display screen of the instrument module gives a red alarm in a rolling mode to remind a driver of paying attention to overhaul; when the trouble is serious trouble, also when important spare part takes place to supply power unusual, instrument module sends two flashing instructions and gives the car light around the automobile body, and the car light is two to be dodged and is opened, and the suggestion past vehicle and pedestrian notice the vehicle, avoid producing the accident.
The working process is shown in figure 4:
each sensor in each electrical apparatus box real-time detection electrical current information, voltage information, temperature information and resistance information in the electrical apparatus box, with the information transmission to electrical apparatus box ECU that gathers, electrical apparatus box ECU judges the information that receives, and then judges whether break down and the concrete information that breaks down, fault information passes through VCU transmission to instrument module and on-vehicle monitoring host, the instrument module reports to the police after judging the fault level, on-vehicle monitoring host sends information to remote monitoring platform and takes notes.
The embodiment of the monitoring system of the electrical box comprises:
the structural composition, connection relationship and working process of the electrical box monitoring system are already described in the above vehicle embodiments, and are not described herein.
The embodiment of the electrical box comprises:
the structural composition and functional functions of the electrical box are described in the above vehicle embodiments, and are not described herein.
Claims (5)
1. An electrical box comprises an electrical box body and a signal detection module arranged in the electrical box body, and is characterized in that the signal detection module comprises a current detection unit for detecting current information of corresponding components in the electrical box body, a voltage detection unit for detecting voltage information of corresponding components in the electrical box body, a temperature detection unit for detecting temperature information of corresponding components in the electrical box body and a resistance detection unit for detecting resistance information of corresponding components in the electrical box body;
the electric appliance box body comprises a wiring terminal, a fuse and a relay, the current detection unit comprises a first current sensor for detecting the current of a line where the wiring terminal is located, a second current sensor for detecting the current of the line where the fuse is located and a third current sensor for detecting the current of a line where a relay contact is located, the voltage detection unit comprises a first voltage sensor for detecting the voltage of the wiring terminal, a second voltage sensor for detecting the voltage of the two ends of the fuse and a third voltage sensor for detecting the voltage of the two ends of the contact of the relay, the temperature detection unit comprises a first temperature sensor for detecting the temperature of the wiring terminal, a second temperature sensor for detecting the temperature of the fuse and a third temperature sensor for detecting the temperature of the contact of the relay, and the resistance detection unit is a resistance sensor for detecting the resistance of a coil of the relay;
each sensor in the electric appliance box detects current information, voltage information, temperature information and resistance information in the electric appliance box in real time and is used for judging whether a fault occurs and specific information of the fault.
2. An electrical box monitoring system is characterized by comprising an electrical box, a data processing module and an alarm module, wherein the electrical box comprises an electrical box body and a signal detection module arranged in the electrical box body, the signal detection module comprises a current detection unit for detecting current information of corresponding components in the electrical box body, a voltage detection unit for detecting voltage information of corresponding components in the electrical box body, a temperature detection unit for detecting temperature information of corresponding components in the electrical box body and a resistance detection unit for detecting resistance information of corresponding components in the electrical box body, a signal input end of the data processing module is connected with the signal detection module, and a data output end of the data processing module is in control connection with the alarm module;
the electric appliance box body comprises a wiring terminal, a fuse and a relay, the current detection unit comprises a first current sensor for detecting the current of a line where the wiring terminal is located, a second current sensor for detecting the current of the line where the fuse is located and a third current sensor for detecting the current of a line where a relay contact is located, the voltage detection unit comprises a first voltage sensor for detecting the voltage of the terminal, a second voltage sensor for detecting the voltage across the fuse and a third voltage sensor for detecting the voltage across the relay contacts, the temperature detection unit comprises a first temperature sensor for detecting the temperature of the wiring terminal, a second temperature sensor for detecting the temperature of the fuse and a third temperature sensor for detecting the temperature of the contact of the relay, and the resistance detection unit is a resistance sensor for detecting the resistance of a coil of the relay;
each sensor in the electric appliance box detects current information, voltage information, temperature information and resistance information in the electric appliance box in real time and is used for judging whether a fault occurs and specific information of the fault.
3. A vehicle comprises a vehicle body and an electric appliance box monitoring system, and is characterized in that the electric appliance box monitoring system comprises an electric appliance box, a data processing module and an alarm module, the electric appliance box comprises an electric appliance box body and a signal detection module arranged in the electric appliance box body, the signal detection module comprises a current detection unit for detecting current information of corresponding components in the electric appliance box body, a voltage detection unit for detecting voltage information of corresponding components in the electric appliance box body, a temperature detection unit for detecting temperature information of corresponding components in the electric appliance box body and a resistance detection unit for detecting resistance information of corresponding components in the electric appliance box body, a signal input end of the data processing module is connected with the signal detection module, and a data output end of the data processing module is in control connection with the alarm module;
the electric appliance box body comprises a wiring terminal, a fuse and a relay, the current detection unit comprises a first current sensor for detecting the current of a line where the wiring terminal is located, a second current sensor for detecting the current of the line where the fuse is located and a third current sensor for detecting the current of a line where a relay contact is located, the voltage detection unit comprises a first voltage sensor for detecting the voltage of the wiring terminal, a second voltage sensor for detecting the voltage of the two ends of the fuse and a third voltage sensor for detecting the voltage of the two ends of the contact of the relay, the temperature detection unit comprises a first temperature sensor for detecting the temperature of the wiring terminal, a second temperature sensor for detecting the temperature of the fuse and a third temperature sensor for detecting the temperature of the contact of the relay, and the resistance detection unit is a resistance sensor for detecting the resistance of a coil of the relay;
each sensor in the electric appliance box detects current information, voltage information, temperature information and resistance information in the electric appliance box in real time and is used for judging whether a fault occurs and specific information of the fault.
4. The vehicle of claim 3, wherein the electrical box monitoring system further comprises a wireless communication module, and the data processing module is connected to the wireless communication module and is configured to transmit related data information to the remote monitoring platform.
5. The vehicle according to claim 3 or 4, wherein the alarm module comprises an in-vehicle alarm unit and an out-vehicle alarm unit, the in-vehicle alarm unit is an instrument module, and the out-vehicle alarm unit is a vehicle lamp in front of and behind a vehicle body.
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