CN111342180A - Binary bandwidth-reconfigurable parallel stub bandpass filter - Google Patents

Binary bandwidth-reconfigurable parallel stub bandpass filter Download PDF

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CN111342180A
CN111342180A CN202010155895.1A CN202010155895A CN111342180A CN 111342180 A CN111342180 A CN 111342180A CN 202010155895 A CN202010155895 A CN 202010155895A CN 111342180 A CN111342180 A CN 111342180A
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stub
quarter
short
bandwidth
wavelength
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CN111342180B (en
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刘云
刘韬
梁晨
邰凡彬
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Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics
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Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01P—WAVEGUIDES; RESONATORS, LINES, OR OTHER DEVICES OF THE WAVEGUIDE TYPE
    • H01P1/00—Auxiliary devices
    • H01P1/20—Frequency-selective devices, e.g. filters
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    • H01P1/203—Strip line filters

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Abstract

The invention discloses a binary parallel stub band-pass filter with a reconfigurable bandwidth, relates to a quarter-wavelength parallel stub filter, and belongs to the technical field of basic electrical elements. The filter is arranged on a dielectric substrate and mainly comprises a main transmission line and N quarter-wavelength short-circuit stub combinations. The main transmission line is formed by connecting N +1 quarter-wavelength J converters in series, 1 quarter-wavelength short-circuit stub combination is connected between two adjacent quarter-wavelength J converters, and each short-circuit stub combination is formed by connecting M short-circuit stubs in parallel, wherein the M short-circuit stubs have different characteristic impedances. One end of each quarter-wavelength short-circuit stub is connected with the main transmission line through a PIN diode, and the other end of each quarter-wavelength short-circuit stub is connected with a DC blocking capacitor and grounded through a through hole. 2 can be realized by M control voltagesM-1 set of equivalent characteristic admittances, thereby achieving 2M1 filter bandwidth, namely, a band-pass filter with reconfigurable bandwidth in a binary mode is realized.

Description

Binary bandwidth-reconfigurable parallel stub bandpass filter
Technical Field
The invention discloses a binary parallel stub bandpass filter with reconfigurable bandwidth, relates to a parallel stub filter, and belongs to the technical field of basic electrical elements.
Background
At present, widely used filters have the characteristics of non-adjustability and fixed functions, so a large number of filters with different bandwidth indexes are needed to form a wireless communication system, which increases the complexity and volume of the wireless communication system.
With the rapid development of wireless communication technology, spectrum resources are more and more scarce, in order to fully utilize very limited spectrum resources, wireless communication equipment widely adopts frequency hopping, spread spectrum, dynamic frequency allocation and other technologies, and a reconfigurable communication system supporting multiple communication systems appears, and a reconfigurable filter, which is an indispensable device for the technologies and systems, is more and more emphasized in recent years. Chinese patent application No. 201410560726.0 discloses a bandwidth reconfigurable band pass filter, which realizes N bandwidth adjustability by adding N sets of switching diodes between an input line, a resonator, and an output line, but is not suitable for a broadband filter because of small adjustability range, small bandwidth, and few bandwidth states. Although a filter with a reconfigurable binary bandwidth realized by a combline structure can realize various filter bandwidths with the control voltage number as an index through a limited number of voltages, it is difficult to obtain filter bandwidths with large differences.
The invention aims to provide a band-pass filter with a reconfigurable bandwidth of a binary system, which can obtain 2 through M control voltages M1 different filter bandwidths, enabling a plurality of widely different filter bandwidths to be achieved by a limited number of control voltages within a larger adjustable range, contributing to a simplification of the wireless communication system and a reduction in size.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a parallel stub band-pass filter with reconfigurable binary bandwidth, which aims to overcome the defects of the prior art, realizes the binary reconfigurable function of the bandwidth of a microwave filter in a modern wireless communication system, and solves the technical problems that the conventional bandwidth reconfigurable filter has limited adjustable range, smaller bandwidth and difficulty in obtaining a plurality of filtering bandwidths with larger difference.
The invention adopts the following technical scheme for realizing the aim of the invention:
a binary parallel stub band-pass filter with reconfigurable bandwidth, which is arranged on a filterThe block dielectric substrate is mainly composed of a main transmission line and N quarter-wavelength short-circuit stub combinations. The main transmission line is formed by connecting N +1 quarter-wavelength J converters in series, the connecting point of two adjacent quarter-wavelength J converters is connected with 1 quarter-wavelength short-circuit stub combination, and each short-circuit stub combination is formed by connecting M quarter-wavelength stubs in parallel with different characteristic impedances. One end of each quarter-wavelength stub is connected with the connecting point of two adjacent quarter-wavelength J converters through a PIN diode, the other end of each quarter-wavelength stub is connected with a DC blocking capacitor and is grounded through a through hole, and bias voltage can be applied to the PIN diode through a resistor welded on the stub, so that one end of each quarter-wavelength stub close to the main transmission line is switched between an open circuit state and a short circuit state. By changing the open/short state of the M sets of stubs, 2 can be obtainedM-1 different equivalent characteristic admittances, the values of which are related to the characteristic impedance of each stub.
The total M bandwidth control voltages are used for simultaneously controlling the open/short circuit state of M stubs in each short stub combination close to one end of the main transmission line. 2 can be realized by M control voltagesM-1 set of equivalent characteristic admittances, thereby achieving 2M1 filter bandwidth, namely, a band-pass filter with reconfigurable bandwidth in a binary mode is realized.
By adopting the technical scheme, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
(1) the invention provides a band-pass filter consisting of a main transmission line and N quarter-wavelength short stub combinations, wherein each quarter-wavelength short stub combination is formed by connecting M short stubs with different characteristic impedances in parallel, and the open/short circuit state of one end of each quarter-wavelength short stub close to the main transmission line is adjusted by M control voltages, so that 2MAnd 1, modulation of the bandwidth of the filter is realized, so that a binary bandwidth reconfigurable function of the band-pass filter is realized, the adjustable range is larger, the states are more, a plurality of filter bandwidths with larger differences can be obtained, and standing waves cannot be deteriorated due to the change of the bandwidths of different states.
(2) The filter provided by the application is rapid in adjustment, compact and simple in structure, small in size, mature in process and low in cost, and can be combined with the traditional PCB process.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a block diagram of a J-converter of a band-pass filter with reconfigurable binary bandwidth.
Fig. 2 is an equivalent circuit diagram of the parallel stub bandpass filter.
Fig. 3 is a simplified block diagram of the binary bandwidth reconfigurable filter when N is 5.
Fig. 4 is a structural diagram of a quarter-wavelength parallel stub combination when M is 3.
Fig. 5 is a general structural diagram of a binary bandwidth reconfigurable filter when M is 3 and N is 5.
Fig. 6 is an S-parameter curve of the binary bandwidth reconfigurable band-pass filter in seven different states when M is 3 and N is 5.
Fig. 7 is a general block diagram of a binary bandwidth reconfigurable bandpass filter.
The reference numbers in the figures illustrate: 1. a PIN diode; 2. a blocking capacitor; 3. a current limiting resistor.
Detailed Description
The technical scheme of the invention is explained in detail in the following with reference to the attached drawings.
The binary band-pass filter with reconfigurable bandwidth disclosed by the application is arranged on a dielectric substrate and mainly comprises a main transmission line and N quarter-wavelength short-circuit stubs, as shown in fig. 7. The main transmission line is formed by connecting N +1 quarter-wavelength J converters in series, and each short-circuit stub combination is formed by connecting M quarter-wavelength stubs in parallel, wherein the M quarter-wavelength stubs have different characteristic impedances. One end of each quarter-wavelength stub is connected with the connecting point of two adjacent quarter-wavelength J converters through a PIN diode, the other end of each quarter-wavelength stub is connected with a DC blocking capacitor and grounded through a through hole, and bias voltage can be applied to the PIN diode through a resistor welded on the stub so as to realize the switching between an open circuit state and a short circuit state of one end of each quarter-wavelength stub close to the main transmission line. By changing the open/short circuit state of the M groups of stub lines at the end close to the main transmission lineTo obtain 2M-1 different equivalent characteristic admittances, the values of which are related to the characteristic impedance of each stub.
The total M bandwidth control voltages are used for simultaneously controlling the open/short circuit state of M parallel stubs in each short stub combination close to one end of the main transmission line. 2 can be realized by M control voltagesM-1 set of equivalent characteristic admittances, thereby achieving 2M1 filter bandwidth, namely, a band-pass filter with reconfigurable bandwidth in a binary mode is realized.
Fig. 1 shows a structure diagram of a J-converter of a binary bandwidth reconfigurable bandpass filter. Impedance matching between the input port and the input transmission line is realized through the impedance transformation function of the J converter, so that the reflection loss of power is reduced. The design formula of each J converter value can be obtained through a Chebyshev ideal low-pass prototype:
Figure BDA0002404036030000031
Figure BDA0002404036030000032
Figure BDA0002404036030000033
in order to prevent the reconfigurable filter from deteriorating in switching the standing wave between bandwidths in different states and to prevent the value of the J converter from changing during the bandwidth conversion of the filter, the input admittance of each leg is made the same and G is set in consideration of the ease of implementation of the microstripAAnd GBIs that
Figure BDA0002404036030000034
Ca1＝Ca2＝...＝Can0.025. In a parallel stub bandpass filter including 5J-converters, the values of the impedance converters are shown in the following table:
Y0 Z0
J01 0.0233 42.8355
J12 0.0199 50.1596
J23 0.0152 65.8255
J34 0.0152 65.8255
J45 0.0199 50.1596
J56 0.0233 42.8355
fig. 2 is an equivalent circuit diagram of a parallel stub band-pass filter, and fig. 3 is a simplified block diagram of a binary bandwidth reconfigurable filter composed of a main transmission line composed of 6 segments of J converters and 5 parallel stub combinations. The bandwidth of the parallel stub filter is determined by the admittance of the equivalent characteristics of the combination of parallel stubs.
Fig. 4 is a specific implementation of a quarter-wavelength short stub combination when M is 3, the equivalent characteristic admittance of each short stub combination being equal to the sum of the characteristic admittances of the conducting stubs.
The characteristic admittance of the filter is related to the bandwidth by the following equation:
Figure BDA0002404036030000041
Figure BDA0002404036030000042
Figure BDA0002404036030000043
Figure BDA0002404036030000044
it can be seen by derivation of the above equation that the smaller the input admittance, the wider the relative bandwidth of the filter.
Fig. 4 is a specific implementation diagram of a quarter-wavelength short stub combination when M is 3, and each short stub combination is formed by connecting 3 quarter-wavelength stubs in parallel, wherein the characteristic impedances of the quarter-wavelength stubs are different. One end of each quarter stub is connected with the main transmission line through a PIN diode 1, the other end of each quarter stub is connected with a DC blocking capacitor 2 and is grounded through a via hole, bias voltage can be applied to the PIN diode 1 through a current limiting resistor 3 welded on the stub, and one end of each stub, close to the main transmission line, is controlled to be switched between an open circuit state and a short circuit state. By changing the open/short state of the 3 stubs, 7 different input admittances can be obtained, which are associated with the characteristic impedance of each stub. Setting Z1＝25Ω，Z2＝50Ω，Z3＝100Ω。
The PIN diodes are divided into 3 groups, wherein the characteristic impedance is Z1The PIN diode on the stub is a first group of switches, and the first group of switches are controlled to be switched on and switched off by a first control voltage; characteristic impedance of Z2The PIN diode on the stub is a second group of switches, and the second group of switches are controlled to be switched on and switched off by a second control voltage; characteristic impedance of Z3The PIN diodes on the short stub lines are a third group of switches, and the third group of switches are controlled to be switched on and switched off by a third control voltage.
As shown in fig. 4, one end of each quarter-wavelength stub is connected to the anode of the PIN diode, the other end is connected to the blocking capacitor and grounded through the via hole, the part of the stub near the short-circuited end is connected to a current-limiting resistor, the other end of the current-limiting resistor is connected to a control voltage to control whether the PIN diode is turned on, which is equivalent to the switch being turned on, and the PIN diode is turned off when not turned on; the current limiting resistor is used for preventing the current from being overlarge.
When a certain control voltage is 0V, all the switches controlled by the certain control voltage are switched off and are marked as a state 0; when a certain control voltage is 10V, the group of switches controlled by the certain control voltage is all turned on, and the state is marked as state 1. The corresponding relationship between different states and different groups of switches is shown in the following table:
status of state First group of switches Second group of switches Third group of switches
001 Disconnect Disconnect Conduction of
010 Disconnect Conduction of Disconnect
011 Disconnect Conduction of Conduction of
100 Conduction of Disconnect Disconnect
101 Conduction of Disconnect Conduction of
110 Conduction of Conduction of Disconnect
111 Conduction of Conduction of Conduction of
And establishing a relevant model in the ADS to optimize the whole structure. Fig. 6 shows the S-parameter curve of the binary bandwidth reconfigurable filter (M3 and N5) shown in fig. 5, and it can be seen that switching between different states does not deteriorate the standing wave of the filter, and the return loss of all states is above 16 dB. The central frequency of each of the seven state passbands is f 0-2 GHz, the bandwidth BW of the 001 state is 1530MHz, the bandwidth BW of the 010 state is 1160MHz, the bandwidth BW of the 011 state is 970MHz, the bandwidth BW of the 100 state is 810MHz, the bandwidth BW of the 101 state is 730MHz, the bandwidth BW of the 110 state is 670MHz, and the bandwidth BW of the 111 state is 550 MHz.
The above-described embodiments of the present invention have been described in further detail for the purpose of illustrating the invention, and it should be understood that any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the scope of the present invention.

Claims (3)

1. A binary bandwidth reconfigurable parallel stub bandpass filter, comprising: main transmission line composed of N +1 quarter-wave J converters connected in series and N transformers having 2M-1 quarter-wave short stub combination of different equivalent characteristic admittances, one quarter-wave short stub combination being connected at the junction of two adjacent J-converters, N and M both being integers greater than zero.
2. The binary bandwidth reconfigurable parallel stub bandpass filter according to claim 1, wherein the parallel stub bandpass filter has a bandwidth of 2MThe-1 quarter-wavelength short-circuit stub combination with different equivalent characteristic impedances is formed by connecting M stubs in parallel, one end of each stub is connected with the connection point of two adjacent J converters through a PIN diode, the other end of each stub is connected with a DC blocking capacitor and then grounded through a via hole, and the stubs with the same equivalent characteristic impedance in each quarter-wavelength short-circuit stub combination are controlled by the same bias voltage.
3. The binary bandwidth reconfigurable parallel stub bandpass filter according to claim 2, wherein each stub is soldered with a current limiting resistor that applies a bias voltage to the PIN diode.
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EP0068870A2 (en) * 1981-06-30 1983-01-05 Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd. Microwave integrated circuit mixer
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CN108039871A (en) * 2017-12-04 2018-05-15 广东技术师范学院 A kind of restructural three band-pass filter of frequency band of microwave
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EP0068870A2 (en) * 1981-06-30 1983-01-05 Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd. Microwave integrated circuit mixer
JPH09275319A (en) * 1996-04-05 1997-10-21 Nec Corp 3-multiple frequency circuit
EP2940782A1 (en) * 2014-04-29 2015-11-04 Elektrobit Wireless Communications Oy Semiconductor diode switch
CN106571507A (en) * 2016-11-14 2017-04-19 南京理工大学 Multifunctional reconfigurable filter based on principle of signal interference
CN108736842A (en) * 2017-04-13 2018-11-02 天津大学（青岛）海洋工程研究院有限公司 A kind of high efficiency power amplifier based on modified wideband low pass impedance inverting network
CN107464979A (en) * 2017-09-06 2017-12-12 南京觅力觅特电子科技有限公司 A kind of ring-like power splitter of multi-functional mixing based on microstrip line
CN108039871A (en) * 2017-12-04 2018-05-15 广东技术师范学院 A kind of restructural three band-pass filter of frequency band of microwave

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