CN111342100B - Microbial fuel cell system - Google Patents
Microbial fuel cell system Download PDFInfo
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- CN111342100B CN111342100B CN202010155923.XA CN202010155923A CN111342100B CN 111342100 B CN111342100 B CN 111342100B CN 202010155923 A CN202010155923 A CN 202010155923A CN 111342100 B CN111342100 B CN 111342100B
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- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/16—Biochemical fuel cells, i.e. cells in which microorganisms function as catalysts
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- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
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Abstract
The invention relates to a microbial fuel cell system, and belongs to the technical field of pollutant degradation and energy regeneration. The microbial fuel cell system adopts an ultrasonic wave and microalgae integrated system, synchronously realizes wastewater treatment, reduces the occurrence of membrane pollution and enhances the running stability of the system; the problem of anode acidification in the conventional microbial fuel cell is effectively solved by adopting the alkali modified anion exchange resin, the buffer performance of the system is improved, the influence of the anode acidification on the system operation is avoided, and a buffer is not required to be added; the microalgae cathode electrode is adopted and the biochar/iron-based catalyst layer is arranged, so that the oxygen reduction reaction rate can be enhanced, and the electricity generation efficiency of the system can be improved; the intermittent illumination mode is adopted, which is beneficial to the growth of microalgae and saves energy consumption. The microbial fuel cell system is efficient and stable, and can realize synchronous treatment of landfill leachate, energy recovery and membrane regeneration.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a microbial fuel cell system, and belongs to the technical field of pollutant degradation and energy regeneration.
Background
As a new technology capable of synchronously realizing pollutant degradation and energy regeneration, the Microbial Fuel Cell (MFC) has a very good application prospect in the aspects of waste water treatment such as landfill leachate treatment and the like. At present, a microbial fuel cell system is mainly divided into a single chamber and a double chamber, wherein the double chamber MFC mainly adopts a double-chamber microbial fuel cell which is composed of an anode chamber and a cathode chamber loaded by electrogenic bacteria and a proton exchange membrane for separating the cathode chamber and the anode chamber, the single chamber MFC mainly adopts a single anode chamber, a catalytic layer is arranged on one side of the cathode electrode close to an anode electrode, the other side of the cathode electrode is exposed in the air, and oxygen in the single chamber is used as an electron acceptor to realize the formation of a complete circuit. The current research on microbial fuel cells mainly focuses on improving the power generation efficiency and reducing the membrane pollution so as to improve the application stability and the service life of the system.
In the prior technical scheme, one of the two technical schemes is that electrodes simultaneously carrying microalgae and electrogenic bacteria are arranged in an anode chamber and a cathode chamber, a proton exchange membrane is arranged in the middle, and the garbage percolate is cooperatively treated by a microbial fuel cell and aerobic mineralization by adopting an operation mode of repeatedly exchanging an anode electrode and a cathode electrode, and the influence of anode acidification and cathode alkalization on the operation of a microbial cell system is eliminated.
The prior art scheme mainly has the following disadvantages: (1) The oxygen generated by the microalgae is higher in reduction overpotential, and the reaction rate is slower under the condition of not increasing a catalyst, so that the electricity generation efficiency of a system is lower; (2) Along with the prolonging of the running time of the system, the membrane pollution problem is aggravated, the wastewater purification performance of the system is reduced, and the membrane needs to be additionally cleaned or replaced; (3) The operation mode of repeatedly exchanging the cathode and the anode is adopted, but the pH value is adjusted for a long time after the cathode and the anode are exchanged, and partial residual oxygen can reduce the action effect of the anode after the cathode and the anode are exchanged, so that the wastewater purification performance and the electricity generation efficiency of the system are unstable.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art and provide a microbial fuel cell system which is efficient and stable and can realize synchronous treatment of landfill leachate, energy recovery and membrane regeneration.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the technical scheme that: the utility model provides a microbial fuel cell system, microbial fuel cell system is including the coagulation system, supersound algae fungus biofuel cell system, the double membrane system of receiving filtration/reverse osmosis that communicate in proper order, set up waste water inlet, positive electrode, negative electrode, accumulate system, LED fluorescent lamp group, delivery port, ultrasonic transducer, anion exchange resin layer, stainless steel net, catalysis layer, cavity baffle, cathode chamber, anode chamber in the supersound algae fungus biofuel cell system, the anode chamber is including positive electrode and anion exchange resin layer, and anion exchange resin layer passes through the stainless steel net to be fixed in the anode chamber, the cathode chamber is fixed through cavity baffle including negative electrode, and negative electrode is close to anode chamber one side bonding and has the catalysis layer, the outdoor side of cathode sets up LED fluorescent lamp group, and the cathode chamber is close to LED lamp group one side and adopts the printing opacity material, solar electrode and anode chamber set up ultrasonic transducer respectively, positive electrode and negative electrode pass through the wire respectively and accumulate the system connection.
As a preferred embodiment of the microbial fuel cell system, the coagulant in the magnetic coagulation system is polyaluminium chloride (PAC) (16 g/L), polyacrylamide (PAM) (0.2 g/L) and ferroferric oxide (30 g/L), and macromolecular organic pollutants in wastewater are removed.
In a preferred embodiment of the microbial fuel cell system of the present invention, the material of the positive electrode and the negative electrode is carbon fiber, and the structure is a grid structure.
As a preferred embodiment of the microbial fuel cell system, the LED daylight lamp group adopts an intermittent illumination mode, the light-dark ratio is 4.
As a preferred embodiment of the microbial fuel cell system of the present invention, the anode electrode is inoculated with mixed electrogenic bacteria, and the cathode electrode is inoculated with microalgae and symbiotic bacteria thereof. The microalgae may be chlorella or spirulina.
In a preferred embodiment of the microbial fuel cell system of the present invention, the anion exchange resin is a chlorine-type exchange resin, and the anion exchange resin is pretreated with alkali, specifically: washing anion exchange resin with deionized water until the anion exchange resin is colorless, soaking for 4h, air drying, adding 5% sodium hydroxide, soaking for 4h, and washing with deionized water until the pH value is 10.
As a preferred embodiment of the microbial fuel cell system of the present invention, the catalyst of the catalytic layer is a biochar/iron-based catalyst, and the preparation method of the biochar/iron-based catalyst comprises: placing biomass powder in a porcelain boat, placing the porcelain boat in a tube furnace, heating to 1000 ℃ at a speed of 5 ℃/min under the condition of high-purity nitrogen with the flow rate of 100mL/min, keeping the temperature for 1h, naturally cooling to below 100 ℃, and taking out a sample; washing with distilled water for multiple times, drying, adding the treated biomass powder into 1mol/L ferric salt solution, transferring into a reaction kettle, keeping at 180 ℃ for 12 hours, taking out, cooling and drying to obtain the biochar/iron-based catalyst. The biomass can be at least one of straw stalks, bamboo and wood, and the iron salt can be at least one of ferric chloride and ferrous chloride.
As a preferred embodiment of the microbial fuel cell system of the present invention, the catalyst layer is connected to the cathode electrode by a binder by a roll-pressing method, the binder is polytetrafluoroethylene, and the mass ratio of the catalyst to the binder is 4:1.
in a preferred embodiment of the microbial fuel cell system of the present invention, the frequency of the ultrasonic treatment is 280 to 360W.
In a second aspect, the invention provides an application of the microbial fuel cell system in landfill leachate treatment.
The microbial fuel cell system of the invention is used in the treatment of landfill leachate and comprises the following steps:
(1) After being pretreated by a regulating reservoir, the landfill leachate enters a coagulation system to remove macromolecular organic pollutants;
(2) The wastewater pretreated by the coagulation system enters an ultrasonic/phycomycete biofuel cell system to carry out synchronous pollutant degradation and electricity generation;
(3) The effluent treated by the ultrasonic/phycomycete biofuel cell system further enters a nanofiltration/reverse osmosis double-membrane system for desalination advanced treatment to further remove organic matters and inorganic salts.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that: the microbial fuel cell system adopts an ultrasonic wave and microalgae integrated system, synchronously realizes wastewater treatment, reduces the occurrence of membrane pollution and enhances the running stability of the system; the problem of anode acidification in the conventional microbial fuel cell is effectively solved by adopting the alkali modified anion exchange resin, the buffer performance of the system is improved, the influence of the anode acidification on the system operation is avoided, and a buffer is not required to be added; the microalgae cathode electrode is adopted and the biochar/iron-based catalyst layer is arranged, so that the oxygen reduction reaction rate can be enhanced, and the electricity generation efficiency of the system is improved; and an intermittent illumination mode is adopted, so that the growth of microalgae is facilitated, and the energy consumption is saved. The microbial fuel cell system is efficient and stable, and can realize synchronous treatment of landfill leachate, energy recovery and membrane regeneration.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a process flow diagram of the present invention for treating landfill leachate using a microbial fuel cell system.
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the structure of an ultrasonic/algal bacteria microbial fuel cell system of the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the cathode in the ultrasonic/algal bacterial microbial fuel cell system of the present invention.
The device comprises a wastewater inlet 1, a wastewater inlet 2, an anode electrode 3, a cathode electrode 4, an electricity storage system 5, an LED fluorescent lamp set 6, a water outlet 7, an ultrasonic probe 8, an anion exchange resin layer 9, a stainless steel net 10, a catalyst layer 11, a hollow partition plate 12, a cathode chamber 13 and an anode chamber.
Detailed Description
To better illustrate the objects, aspects and advantages of the present invention, the present invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.
Example 1
The microbial fuel cell system comprises a coagulation system, an ultrasonic/algae bacteria bio-fuel cell system and a nanofiltration/reverse osmosis double-membrane system which are sequentially communicated, wherein a wastewater inlet 1, an anode electrode 2, a cathode electrode 3, an electricity storage system 4, an LED (light-emitting diode) fluorescent lamp set 5, a water outlet 6, an ultrasonic probe 7, an anion exchange resin layer 8, a stainless steel net 9, a catalyst layer 10, a hollow partition plate 11, a cathode chamber 12 and an anode chamber 13 are arranged in the ultrasonic/algae bacteria bio-fuel cell system, the anode chamber 13 comprises the anode electrode 2 and the anion exchange resin layer 8, the anion exchange resin layer 8 is fixed in the anode chamber 13 through the stainless steel net 9, the cathode electrode 3 is fixed through the hollow partition plate 11, the catalyst layer 10 is bonded on one side of the cathode electrode 3 close to the anode chamber 13, the LED fluorescent lamp set 5 is arranged on the outer side of the cathode chamber 12, and a light-transmitting material is adopted on one side of the cathode chamber 12 close to the LED lamp set. The anode chamber 13 and the cathode chamber 12 are respectively provided with an ultrasonic probe 7, and the anode electrode 2 and the cathode electrode 3 are respectively connected with an electricity storage system through leads.
Furthermore, the coagulant in the magnetic coagulation system is polyaluminium chloride and ferroferric oxide, and macromolecular organic pollutants in the wastewater are removed.
Further, the anode electrode 2 and the cathode electrode 3 are made of carbon fiber, and the structure is a grid structure.
Further, the LED daylight lamp set 5 adopts an intermittent illumination mode, the light-to-dark ratio is 4.
Furthermore, the anode electrode 2 is inoculated with mixed electrogenesis bacteria, and the cathode electrode 3 is inoculated with microalgae and symbiotic bacteria thereof. The microalgae may be chlorella or spirulina.
Further, the anion exchange resin 8 adopts chlorine type exchange resin, and the anion exchange resin adopts alkali for pretreatment, and the specific method comprises the following steps: washing anion exchange resin with deionized water until the anion exchange resin is colorless, soaking for 4h, air drying, adding 5% sodium hydroxide, soaking for 4h, and washing with deionized water until the pH value is 10.
Further, the catalyst of the catalytic layer 10 is a biocarbon/iron-based catalyst, and the preparation method of the biocarbon/iron-based catalyst comprises the following steps: placing biomass powder in a porcelain boat, placing the porcelain boat in a tube furnace, heating to 1000 ℃ at a speed of 5 ℃/min under the condition of high-purity nitrogen with the flow rate of 100mL/min, keeping the temperature for 1h, naturally cooling to below 100 ℃, and taking out a sample; washing with distilled water for multiple times, drying, adding the treated biomass powder into 1mol/L ferric salt solution, transferring into a reaction kettle, keeping at 180 ℃ for 12 hours, taking out, cooling and drying to obtain the biochar/iron-based catalyst. The biomass can be at least one of straw stalks, bamboo and wood, and the iron salt can be at least one of ferric chloride and ferrous chloride.
Further, the catalyst layer 10 is connected with the cathode electrode 3 by a binder through a rolling method, the binder is polytetrafluoroethylene, and the mass ratio of the catalyst to the binder is 4:1.
further, the frequency of the ultrasonic treatment is 280 to 360W.
The microbial fuel cell system of the embodiment is used in the landfill leachate treatment and comprises the following steps:
(1) The landfill leachate is pretreated by a regulating tank and then enters a coagulation system to remove macromolecular organic pollutants;
(2) The wastewater pretreated by the coagulation system enters an ultrasonic/phycomycete biofuel cell system to carry out synchronous pollutant degradation and electricity generation;
(3) The effluent treated by the ultrasonic/phycomycete biofuel cell system further enters a nanofiltration/reverse osmosis double-membrane system for desalination advanced treatment to further remove organic matters and inorganic salts.
Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used for illustrating the technical solutions of the present invention and not for limiting the protection scope of the present invention, and although the present invention is described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, it should be understood by those skilled in the art that modifications or equivalent substitutions can be made on the technical solutions of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. The microbial fuel cell system is characterized by comprising a coagulation system, an ultrasonic/phycomycete biofuel cell system and a nanofiltration/reverse osmosis double-membrane system which are sequentially communicated, wherein the ultrasonic/phycomycete biofuel cell system is internally provided with a wastewater inlet, an anode, a cathode, an electricity storage system, an LED fluorescent lamp set, a water outlet, an ultrasonic probe, an anion exchange resin layer, a stainless steel mesh, a catalytic layer, a hollow partition plate, a cathode chamber and an anode chamber;
the anion exchange resin adopts chlorine type exchange resin, and is pretreated by alkali;
the catalyst of the catalyst layer is a biochar/iron-based catalyst;
the frequency of the ultrasonic treatment is 280 to 360W.
2. The microbial fuel cell system of claim 1, wherein the coagulant in the coagulation system is polyaluminium chloride and ferroferric oxide.
3. The microbial fuel cell system according to claim 1, wherein the material of the anode electrode and the cathode electrode is carbon fiber, and the structure is a mesh structure.
4. The microbial fuel cell system of claim 1, wherein the LED daylight lamp set employs an intermittent illumination mode with a light-to-dark ratio of 4.
5. The microbial fuel cell system of claim 1, wherein the anode electrode is inoculated with mixed electrogenic bacteria, and the cathode electrode is inoculated with microalgae and symbiotic bacteria thereof.
6. The microbial fuel cell system of claim 1, wherein the anion exchange resin is pretreated with alkali by a specific method comprising: washing anion exchange resin with deionized water until the anion exchange resin is colorless, soaking for 4h, air drying, adding 5% sodium hydroxide, soaking for 4h, and washing with deionized water until the pH value is 10.
7. The microbial fuel cell system of claim 1, wherein the biochar/iron-based catalyst is prepared by: placing biomass powder in a porcelain boat, placing the porcelain boat in a tube furnace, heating to 1000 ℃ at a speed of 5 ℃/min under the condition of high-purity nitrogen with the flow rate of 100mL/min, keeping the temperature for 1h, naturally cooling to below 100 ℃, and taking out a sample; washing with distilled water for multiple times, drying, adding the treated biomass powder into 1mol/L ferric salt solution, transferring into a reaction kettle, keeping at 180 ℃ for 12 hours, taking out, cooling and drying to obtain the biochar/iron-based catalyst.
8. The microbial fuel cell system according to claim 1, wherein the catalytic layer is connected to the cathode electrode through a binder, the binder is polytetrafluoroethylene, and the mass ratio of the catalyst to the binder is 4:1.
9. use of the microbial fuel cell system of claims 1-8 in landfill leachate treatment.
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1724411A (en) * | 2005-05-27 | 2006-01-25 | 清华大学 | Process for on-line controlling film pollution development by altrasonic wave |
| CN101853955A (en) * | 2009-11-24 | 2010-10-06 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Two-chambered alga microbial fuel cell and treatment wastewater method of low energy consumption thereof |
| CN102906924A (en) * | 2010-03-19 | 2013-01-30 | 陶氏环球技术有限责任公司 | Electrolyte enhanced microbial fuel cell |
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| CN106362690A (en) * | 2016-10-31 | 2017-02-01 | 华中科技大学 | Magnetic biochar adsorbing material and preparation method thereof |
| CN108011120A (en) * | 2017-11-29 | 2018-05-08 | 中国科学技术大学 | A kind of preparation method of membrane electrode |
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| US9142852B2 (en) * | 2008-06-23 | 2015-09-22 | Arizona Board Of Regents For And On Behalf Of Arizona State University | Bicarbonate and carbonate as hydroxide carriers in a biological fuel cell |
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Patent Citations (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1724411A (en) * | 2005-05-27 | 2006-01-25 | 清华大学 | Process for on-line controlling film pollution development by altrasonic wave |
| CN101853955A (en) * | 2009-11-24 | 2010-10-06 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Two-chambered alga microbial fuel cell and treatment wastewater method of low energy consumption thereof |
| CN102906924A (en) * | 2010-03-19 | 2013-01-30 | 陶氏环球技术有限责任公司 | Electrolyte enhanced microbial fuel cell |
| CN104773827A (en) * | 2015-04-13 | 2015-07-15 | 中国科学院过程工程研究所 | System and method for treating wastewater produced by production of bio-cathode type microbial fuel cells |
| CN105375042A (en) * | 2015-12-01 | 2016-03-02 | 沈阳农业大学 | Biomass carbon catalyst and preparation method and application thereof |
| CN106362690A (en) * | 2016-10-31 | 2017-02-01 | 华中科技大学 | Magnetic biochar adsorbing material and preparation method thereof |
| CN108011120A (en) * | 2017-11-29 | 2018-05-08 | 中国科学技术大学 | A kind of preparation method of membrane electrode |
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