CN111341075B - Alarm system and alarm method for looseness of bolts of wind turbine tower - Google Patents

Alarm system and alarm method for looseness of bolts of wind turbine tower Download PDF

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Publication number
CN111341075B
CN111341075B CN202010152035.2A CN202010152035A CN111341075B CN 111341075 B CN111341075 B CN 111341075B CN 202010152035 A CN202010152035 A CN 202010152035A CN 111341075 B CN111341075 B CN 111341075B
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bolt
signal
bolts
alarm
wind turbine
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CN111341075A (en
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吴恩军
陈洪军
屈文峰
霍崇
梁郑钊
黄香朝
李真荣
杨涛
沈忠明
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State Power Investment Group Xuwen Wind Power Co ltd
Huazhong University of Science and Technology
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State Power Investment Group Xuwen Wind Power Co ltd
Huazhong University of Science and Technology
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    • GPHYSICS
    • G08SIGNALLING
    • G08BSIGNALLING OR CALLING SYSTEMS; ORDER TELEGRAPHS; ALARM SYSTEMS
    • G08B21/00Alarms responsive to a single specified undesired or abnormal condition and not otherwise provided for
    • G08B21/18Status alarms

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Abstract

本发明属于螺栓松动实时检测技术领域,公开了一种风力机塔架螺栓松动的报警系统及报警方法,通过将螺栓松动产生的位移量将磁附的磁铁断开,并通过开关的作用将该信号转化为电阻的变化;通过对电阻信号的采集、传输和分析得出螺栓的松动数量和位置。本发明通过松动产生的上下位移变化,在绝缘柱力的作用下,将磁附在螺栓底端的磁铁螺栓脱离,磁铁的掉落通过连接绳的作用将闭合的开关断开,通过监测电路中的电阻的变化监测螺栓松动的数量,另外将螺栓进行分组,从而判断松动的位置,缩小监测范围,能更加准确和有针对性行的检修。本发明可以对螺栓松动的数量和位置进行判断,对塔架的状态监测系统的开发和完善有很大的帮助作用。

Figure 202010152035

The invention belongs to the technical field of bolt loosening real-time detection, and discloses an alarm system and an alarm method for bolt loosening of a wind turbine tower. The signal is converted into the change of resistance; the loose quantity and position of the bolt are obtained through the acquisition, transmission and analysis of the resistance signal. Through the change of the up and down displacement generated by the loosening, the magnet bolt magnetically attached to the bottom end of the bolt is disengaged under the action of the insulating column force. The change of resistance monitors the number of loose bolts, in addition, the bolts are grouped to determine the loose position, narrow the monitoring range, and enable more accurate and targeted maintenance. The invention can judge the number and position of the loose bolts, and has a great help to the development and improvement of the state monitoring system of the tower.

Figure 202010152035

Description

Alarm system and alarm method for looseness of bolts of wind turbine tower
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of real-time detection of bolt looseness, and particularly relates to an alarm system and an alarm method for bolt looseness of a wind turbine tower.
Background
At present, in recent years, the environment is gradually deteriorated and the reserves of fossil energy are reduced, and new energy is increasingly paid attention and developed by countries around the world. Wind power is used as clean energy with mature technical development, and the installed capacity of the whole world is rapidly increased. Because the working mode of the wind driven generator is complex, and the tower barrel of the wind driven generator bears the aerodynamic load of various natural winds and the gravity load of the engine room and the wind wheel, the safety of the wind driven generator is extremely important, and once the wind driven generator fails, huge loss can be caused. The flange and the bolt are used as main connection modes of the tower barrel, the safety of the tower barrel is extraordinarily important, corresponding safety levels and early warning signals can be judged through monitoring and data analysis of the tower barrel, and corresponding maintenance measures can be taken in time to avoid loss.
Therefore, an alarm device and an alarm system capable of monitoring the loosening of the bolts of the fan tower in real time need to be invented. However, due to the fact that the number of bolts at the flange of the wind turbine tower is large, how to more effectively monitor the number and the positions of bolt looseness is a current problem.
Through the above analysis, the problems and defects of the prior art are as follows: (1) in the prior art, the quantity of bolt looseness is not monitored by the change of resistance in a monitoring circuit caused by the separation of a magnet magnetically attached to the bottom end of the bolt and the bolt, and meanwhile, the position for judging the looseness is not accurately monitored. Making the maintenance process difficult.
(2) The maintenance aiming at the looseness of the tower bolt is periodical maintenance, and the maintenance is not targeted, so that the workload is large, and time and labor are wasted. At present, in the monitoring technology aiming at bolt looseness, bolts at flanges are monitored according to modes of vibration signals, strain signals and the like, but because a tower barrel is in an irregular vibration state, certain difficulty exists in processing signal interference and extracting characteristics, and after the bolts are tightened, the arrangement of restorability is difficult again.
The difficulty in solving the above problems and defects is: due to the fact that the number of bolts at the flange of the wind turbine tower is large, how to more effectively monitor the number and the positions of bolt looseness is a current problem.
After the bolt is overhauled, the bolt is tightened again, and how to monitor the bolt by simple operation again.
The significance of solving the problems and the defects is as follows: through the research to the device and monitoring system, can solve the validity and the accuracy of monitoring bolt looseness and have very big help, can reduce the emergence of accident, can purposefully simpler discovery problem position to the maintainer, the operation of accomplishing the monitoring again that can be simple after resumeing.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems in the prior art, the invention provides an alarm system and an alarm method for the looseness of a wind turbine tower bolt.
The invention is realized in this way, and an alarming method for the looseness of a bolt of a wind turbine tower comprises the following steps:
firstly, disconnecting a magnet attached to a magnet through displacement generated by loosening a bolt, and converting a signal into resistance change through the action of a switch;
and step two, acquiring, transmitting and analyzing the resistance signals to obtain the loosening quantity and position of the bolts.
Further, the alarm method for the looseness of the bolts of the wind turbine tower further comprises the following steps:
firstly, mounting an alarm device for bolt loosening;
secondly, displacement variation is generated through loosening of the nut, the nut pushes the insulating column downwards, the magnet block at the bottom end of the bolt is pushed down, the closing switch is driven to be switched off, and resistance signals are changed;
thirdly, the signals are decoded and sent to a bolt loosening monitoring system module by a signal receiving module through the acquisition of a signal acquisition module and the signal processing and transmission of a signal transmitting module;
and fourthly, after the bolt loosening monitoring system judges the signals, evaluating and classifying the safety state of the tower bolt, calling the maintenance scheme in the maintenance manual, and obtaining the position of the loosened bolt and the quantity of the loosened bolt.
Furthermore, in the first step, after the bolt is pre-tightened, the magnet block is adsorbed at the bottom of the bolt, the insulating column is arranged between the bolt and the magnet block, and then the connecting rope is connected with the closed switch in the alarm switch.
Furthermore, in the second step, through grouping the bolts, the switches in the same group are connected in series and connected with the signal acquisition module.
Further, after the fourth step, the following steps are carried out: and after the loosened bolt is pre-tightened again, the alarm device for the bolt loosening is arranged and placed again.
Another object of the present invention is to provide an alarm system for implementing the loosening of a bolt of a wind turbine tower, comprising:
the signal acquisition module is used for converting the resistance variable quantity in the alarm switches connected in series in groups into current or voltage signals to be acquired and transmitted to the signal transmitting module;
the signal transmitting module is used for carrying out coding processing and data sending on the signals acquired and transmitted by the signals;
the power supply module is used for supplying power to the signal acquisition module and the signal transmission module at the monitoring position of the tower flange bolt;
the signal receiving module is used for receiving and decoding the signals transmitted by the signal transmitting module;
and the bolt looseness monitoring system module is used for analyzing and processing the signals, judging the number and the general position of bolt looseness and monitoring in real time.
The invention also aims to provide an alarm device for implementing the loosening of the bolts of the wind turbine tower, which comprises an insulating column; the insulating column is used for transferring displacement between the bolt and the magnet, the bolt is loosened to generate downward displacement, downward acting force and displacement are generated on the magnet block, the magnet block is separated from the bolt, and the alarm switch is driven to be switched off after the magnet block falls;
the magnet block is used for transmitting the loosening displacement change of the bolt, is adsorbed to the bottom end of the bolt and is connected with the alarm switch through a connecting rope;
the connecting rope is used for connecting the magnet block and the switch, and transmitting the force of the falling magnet block to the alarm switch to disconnect the alarm switch;
the alarm switch is arranged on the lower portion of the upper flange and the lower flange and is formed by connecting a resistor and a switch in parallel, the magnet block is pushed down by displacement generated by loosening of the bolt, and then the switch with short circuit of the resistor is disconnected to generate variation of the resistor in a circuit.
Another object of the present invention is to provide a program storage medium for receiving user input, the stored computer program causing an electronic device to execute the method for alarming loosening of a wind turbine tower bolt.
Another object of the present invention is to provide a computer program product stored on a computer readable medium, comprising a computer readable program for providing a user input interface to implement the wind turbine tower bolt loosening warning method when executed on an electronic device.
By combining all the technical schemes, the invention has the advantages and positive effects that:
according to the invention, through the vertical displacement change generated by loosening, the magnet bolt magnetically attached to the bottom end of the bolt is separated under the action of the insulating column force, the magnet falls off, the closed switch is disconnected under the action of the connecting rope, the loosening quantity of the bolt is monitored through the change of the resistance in the monitoring circuit, and the bolts are grouped, so that the loosening position is judged, the monitoring range is reduced, and the bolt can be more accurately and specifically overhauled.
The invention can judge the number and the position of the bolt looseness, has great help to the development and the perfection of the state monitoring system of the tower, and has the advantages of repeated use, simple structure, low cost and the like in practical application.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, the drawings needed to be used in the embodiments of the present application will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present application, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art that other drawings can be obtained from the drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of an alarm method for loosening a bolt of a wind turbine tower according to an embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic layout and installation diagram of an alarm device provided by the embodiment of the invention.
In the figure: 1. a bolt; 2. an upper flange and a lower flange; 3. an insulating column; 4. an alarm switch; 5. connecting ropes; 6. and a magnet block.
Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of an alarm switch according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a schematic connection diagram of a bolt number and signal acquisition module according to an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of an alarm system for loosening a bolt of a wind turbine tower according to an embodiment of the invention.
In the figure: 7. a signal acquisition module; 8. a signal transmitting module; 9. a power supply module; 10. a signal receiving module; 11. bolt looseness monitoring system module.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is further described in detail with reference to the following embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention.
In the prior art, the quantity of bolt looseness is not monitored by the change of resistance in a monitoring circuit caused by the separation of a magnet magnetically attached to the bottom end of the bolt and the bolt, and meanwhile, the position for judging the looseness is not accurately monitored. Making the maintenance process difficult.
Aiming at the problems in the prior art, the invention provides an alarm system and an alarm method for the looseness of a wind turbine tower bolt, and the invention is described in detail below with reference to the attached drawings.
As shown in FIG. 1, the alarm method for the looseness of the bolt of the wind turbine tower provided by the invention comprises the following steps:
s101, firstly, the alarm device for bolt looseness is installed, as shown in figure 2, after the bolt is pre-tightened, the magnet block is adsorbed at the bottom of the bolt, the insulating column is placed between the bolt and the magnet block, and then the connecting rope is connected with the closed switch in the alarm switch.
S102, displacement variation is generated through loosening of the bolts, the magnet block at the bottom end of the bolts is jacked down to drive the closed switch to be disconnected, the circuit schematic diagram of the alarm switch is shown in fig. 3, accordingly, resistance signals are changed, in addition, the bolts are grouped, and the switches in the same group are connected in series and connected with the signal acquisition module, and the signal acquisition module is shown in fig. 4.
And S103, decoding and sending the signals to a bolt looseness monitoring system by the signal receiving module through the acquisition of the signal acquisition module and the signal processing and transmission of the signal transmitting module. The connection of the various modules is shown in figure 5.
And S104, after the bolt looseness monitoring system judges the signals, evaluating and classifying the safety state of the tower bolt, calling the maintenance scheme in the maintenance manual, and obtaining the specific maintenance position and the bolt looseness number.
And S105, after the loosened bolt is pre-tightened again, arranging and placing the alarm device again as shown in FIG. 2.
As shown in FIG. 2, the invention provides an alarm device for the looseness of a wind turbine tower bolt, which comprises a bolt 1, an upper flange 2, a lower flange 2, an insulating column 3, an alarm switch 4, a connecting rope 5 and a magnet block 6.
Insulating column 3, mainly be responsible for the transmission to the displacement between bolt and the magnet, when the not hard up decurrent displacement volume of production of bolt 1, insulating column 3 can produce decurrent effort and displacement to magnet piece 6, with the separation of magnet piece 6 and bolt, because the increase magnetic force in displacement clearance can be less than the gravity of magnet piece, magnet piece 6 drops, drives alarm switch 4's disconnection.
The magnet block 6 is used for transferring bolt loosening displacement change, is adsorbed to the bottom end of the bolt and is connected with the alarm switch 4 through a connecting rope.
The connecting rope 5 is used for connecting the magnet block and the switch, and transmits the force of the falling magnet block to the alarm switch 4 to be disconnected.
The alarm switch 4 is arranged on the lower part of the upper flange 2 and the lower flange 2 and mainly formed by connecting a resistor and a switch in parallel, the magnet block is pushed down by displacement generated by loosening of the bolt 1, and then the switch with short circuit of the resistor is disconnected, so that the variation of the resistor in the circuit is generated. The upper and lower flanges 2 are installed between the bolts 1 and the insulating columns 3.
In the present invention, fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of an alarm switch according to an embodiment of the present invention.
In the present invention, fig. 4 is a schematic connection diagram of a bolt number and signal acquisition module according to an embodiment of the present invention.
In the invention, fig. 5 is a diagram illustrating an alarm system for loosening a bolt of a wind turbine tower according to an embodiment of the invention, and the alarm system includes a signal acquisition module 7, a signal transmission module 8, a power supply module 9, a signal receiving module 10, and a bolt monitoring system module 11.
The signal acquisition module 7 is mainly used for converting the resistance variable quantity in the alarm switches connected in series in groups into current or voltage signals to be acquired and transmitted to the signal transmitting module.
The signal transmitting module 8 is mainly used for coding the signal acquired and transmitted and sending data.
The power supply module 9 is mainly used for supplying power to the signal acquisition module and the signal transmission module at the monitoring position of the tower flange bolt.
The signal receiving module 10 is mainly used for receiving and decoding the signal transmitted by the signal transmitting module.
The bolt looseness monitoring system module 11 mainly analyzes and processes signals, judges the number and the general position of bolt looseness, and has a real-time monitoring function.
In the invention, the bolt loosening alarm device comprises the following steps:
firstly, the bolt is tightened according to the standard, the magnet block is adsorbed at the bottom end of the bolt, the insulating column is arranged between the bolt and the magnet block, a switch in the alarm switch is closed, the alarm switch is connected with the magnet block through a connecting rope, then the alarm switch of the grouped bolt is connected in series to the signal acquisition module, the signal module is connected with the signal generation module, and the power supply module supplies power to the two modules. And finally, connecting and debugging the signal receiving module and the bolt looseness monitoring module.
Through the above description of the embodiments, those skilled in the art will clearly understand that the present invention may be implemented by software plus a necessary hardware platform, and may also be implemented by hardware entirely. With this understanding in mind, all or part of the technical solutions of the present invention that contribute to the background can be embodied in the form of a software product, which can be stored in a storage medium, such as a ROM/RAM, a magnetic disk, an optical disk, etc., and includes instructions for causing a computer device (which can be a personal computer, a server, or a network device, etc.) to execute the methods according to the embodiments or some parts of the embodiments of the present invention.
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the present invention and the appended claims are not to be construed as limiting the scope of the invention, which is intended to cover all modifications, equivalents and improvements that are within the spirit and scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims.

Claims (5)

1.一种风力机塔架法兰处螺栓松动的报警方法,其特征在于,所述风力机塔架螺栓松动的报警方法包括:1. an alarm method for loose bolts at the wind turbine tower flange, it is characterized in that, the alarm method for the looseness of the wind turbine tower bolts comprises: 步骤一,通过将螺栓松动产生的位移量将磁附的磁铁断开,并通过开关的作用将该信号转化为电阻的变化;Step 1, the magnetically attached magnet is disconnected by the displacement generated by the loosening of the bolt, and the signal is converted into the change of resistance through the action of the switch; 步骤二,通过对电阻信号的采集、传输和分析得出螺栓的松动数量和位置;In step 2, the loose quantity and position of the bolts are obtained through the collection, transmission and analysis of the resistance signal; 所述风力机塔架螺栓松动的报警方法进一步包括:The method for alarming the looseness of the wind turbine tower bolts further includes: 第一步,对螺栓松动的报警装置进行安装;The first step is to install the alarm device with loose bolts; 第二步,通过螺栓松动产生位移变化量,将螺栓底端的磁铁块顶落而掉落,带动闭合开关的断开,产生电阻信号的变化;In the second step, the displacement change is generated by the loosening of the bolt, and the magnet block at the bottom of the bolt is pushed down and dropped, which drives the disconnection of the closing switch and generates a change in the resistance signal; 第三步,通过信号采集模块的采集和信号发射模块的信号处理与发射,信号由信号接收模块进行解码处理和发送到螺栓松动监测系统模块中;In the third step, through the acquisition of the signal acquisition module and the signal processing and transmission of the signal transmitting module, the signal is decoded and processed by the signal receiving module and sent to the bolt loosening monitoring system module; 第四步,螺栓松动监测系统对信号进行判断后,对塔架螺栓的安全状态进行评估分类,并调取检修手册中的检修方案,得到松动螺栓的位置和螺栓松动的数量;The fourth step, after judging the signal by the bolt loosening monitoring system, evaluates and categorizes the safety status of the tower bolts, and obtains the maintenance plan in the maintenance manual to obtain the position of the loose bolts and the number of loose bolts; 所述第一步中,将螺栓预紧后,磁铁块因磁力而吸附在螺栓底部,并用绝缘柱安放在螺栓和磁铁块之间,再将连接绳与报警开关中闭合开关进行连接;In the first step, after the bolt is pre-tightened, the magnet block is adsorbed on the bottom of the bolt due to magnetic force, and is placed between the bolt and the magnet block with an insulating column, and then the connecting rope is connected with the closed switch in the alarm switch; 所述第二步中,通过对螺栓进行分组,将同组的开关进行串联并与信号采集模块连接;In the second step, by grouping the bolts, the switches in the same group are connected in series and connected to the signal acquisition module; 所述第四步后还需进行:将松动的螺栓重新预紧后,将螺栓松动的报警装置重新进行布置安放。After the fourth step, it is still necessary to perform: after the loose bolts are re-tightened, the alarm devices with loose bolts are re-arranged and placed. 2.一种实施权利要求1所述风力机塔架螺栓松动的报警方法的风力机塔架螺栓松动的报警系统,其特征在于,所述风力机塔架螺栓松动的报警系统包括:2. An alarm system for a loose wind turbine tower bolt for implementing the method for alarming a loose wind turbine tower bolt according to claim 1, wherein the alarm system for the loose wind turbine tower bolt comprises: 信号采集模块,用于将分组串联的报警开关中的电阻变化量,转化为电流或电压信号进行采集并传送给信号发射模块;The signal acquisition module is used to convert the resistance change in the alarm switches connected in series in groups into current or voltage signals for acquisition and transmission to the signal transmission module; 信号发射模块,用于对信号采集传输的信号进行编码处理和数据的发送;The signal transmission module is used to encode and process the signal collected and transmitted and send the data; 电源模块,用于对塔架法兰螺栓监测处的信号采集模块和信号发射模块的供电;The power module is used to supply power to the signal acquisition module and the signal transmitter module at the monitoring place of the tower flange bolts; 信号接收模块,用于对信号发射模块发射的信号进行接收和解码的工作;The signal receiving module is used for receiving and decoding the signal transmitted by the signal transmitting module; 螺栓松动监测系统模块,对信号进行分析和处理,判断螺栓松动的数量和大体位置,以及实时的监测。The bolt loosening monitoring system module analyzes and processes the signal, judges the number and general position of the bolt loosening, and conducts real-time monitoring. 3.一种实施权利要求1所述风力机塔架螺栓松动的报警方法的风力机塔架螺栓松动的报警装置,其特征在于,所述风力机塔架螺栓松动的报警装置包括绝缘柱;所述绝缘柱,用于对螺栓与磁铁之间的位移的传递,螺栓松动产生向下的位移量,对磁铁块产生向下的作用力和位移,将磁铁块与螺栓的分离,磁铁块掉落后带动报警开关断开;3. An alarm device for looseness of wind turbine tower bolts for implementing the method for alarming looseness of wind turbine tower bolts according to claim 1, wherein the alarm device for looseness of said wind turbine tower bolts comprises an insulating column; The insulating column is used to transmit the displacement between the bolt and the magnet. The loosening of the bolt produces a downward displacement amount, which produces a downward force and displacement on the magnet block, separates the magnet block from the bolt, and the magnet block falls. Then drive the alarm switch to disconnect; 所述磁铁块,用于对螺栓松动位移变化的传递,磁铁块与螺栓底端吸附,通过连接绳与报警开关连接;The magnet block is used to transmit the change of the loosening displacement of the bolt, the magnet block is adsorbed on the bottom end of the bolt, and is connected with the alarm switch through the connecting rope; 所述连接绳,用于磁铁块与开关的连接,将下落的磁铁块的力传递给报警开关使报警开关断开;The connecting rope is used for the connection between the magnet block and the switch, and transmits the force of the falling magnet block to the alarm switch to disconnect the alarm switch; 所述报警开关,安装在上下法兰下部,由电阻和开关并联连接组成,螺栓松动产生的位移量将磁铁块顶落,再将电阻短路的开关断开,产生电路中电阻的变化量。The alarm switch is installed at the lower part of the upper and lower flanges, and consists of a resistor and a switch connected in parallel. The displacement generated by the loosening of the bolt pushes the magnet block down, and then disconnects the switch with the short-circuit resistance to generate the change of the resistance in the circuit. 4.一种接收用户输入程序存储介质,所存储的计算机程序使电子设备执行权利要求1所述风力机塔架螺栓松动的报警方法。4. A program storage medium for receiving user input, the stored computer program enables electronic equipment to execute the method for alarming the looseness of the bolt of the wind turbine tower according to claim 1. 5.一种存储在计算机可读介质上的计算机程序产品,包括计算机可读程序,供于电子装置上执行时,提供用户输入接口以实施如权利要求1所述风力机塔架螺栓松动的报警方法。5. A computer program product stored on a computer-readable medium, comprising a computer-readable program, when executed on an electronic device, providing a user input interface to implement an alarm for loose wind turbine tower bolts as claimed in claim 1 method.
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