CN111339603A - Large-volume concrete temperature value prediction and control method - Google Patents
Large-volume concrete temperature value prediction and control method Download PDFInfo
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- CN111339603A CN111339603A CN202010421976.1A CN202010421976A CN111339603A CN 111339603 A CN111339603 A CN 111339603A CN 202010421976 A CN202010421976 A CN 202010421976A CN 111339603 A CN111339603 A CN 111339603A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for predicting and controlling a temperature value of mass concrete, which comprises the following steps: temperature measuring devices are buried in the large-volume concrete and connected to a data acquisition device, the data acquisition device acquires temperature data of a temperature sensor and transmits the data to a server, wherein monitoring data of one temperature measuring device is (t 1,f 1),(t 2,f 2),…,(t i‑1,f i‑1),(t i ,f i ) (ii) a Predicting the time point of the temperature measuring device according to a formula It i+1Temperature of time of dayf i+1The first formula is as follows,
wherein, in the step (A),n 1、n 2、n 3are respectively related to nodest i‑2,t i‑1Andt i at time of lagrange interpolation baset i+1The value of (a) is,c 1、c 2、c 3is a correction factor. The method has the advantages of small calculated amount and high prediction efficiency, and the prediction algorithm has the characteristic of self-correction and is closer to the actual measurement result.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a method for predicting and controlling a temperature value of mass concrete, and belongs to the technical field of mass concrete construction.
Background
The difference between the temperature of the position 40 mm-80 mm inside the surface of the concrete structural member and the temperature inside the concrete structural member is not more than 25 ℃ and the difference between the temperature of the surface of the concrete structural member and the temperature of the surface of the concrete structural member is not more than 25 ℃ according to the specification of concrete structural engineering (GB 50666-2011) No. 8.7.3-2. Therefore, it is necessary to monitor the internal temperature of the concrete and predict the temperature change trend for the mass concrete structure so that the temperature of the mass concrete structure can meet the specification.
The temperature prediction problem of mass concrete belongs to the time series prediction problem. Currently, there is a large accumulation of prediction models and methods for such prediction problems, including: naive estimation method, simple averaging method, sliding window averaging method, simple exponential smoothing method, Holt's linear trend method, Holt-winter method, Arima method, PROPHET method, and the like. However, the algorithms have the problems of model fixing and poor self-correction capability, and the prediction models of the algorithms are fixed and cannot be corrected along with the change characteristics of historical data. Therefore, most of the above time prediction models have a problem of poor prediction accuracy in concrete monitoring.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a temperature value prediction method for mass concrete, which is a time sequence prediction model with self-correction capability and aims to solve the problems of model fixation and poor self-correction capability of the existing temperature prediction methods for mass concrete.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention comprises the following technical scheme:
a method for predicting temperature values of mass concrete, the method comprising the steps of:
the method comprises the following steps that firstly, a temperature measuring device is buried in mass concrete and connected to a data acquisition device, and the data acquisition device acquires temperature data of a temperature sensor and transmits the data to a server; wherein the monitoring data of one temperature measuring device is (t 1,f 1), (t 2,f 2), …,(t i-1,f i-1), (t i ,f i )；
t k Andf k respectively show the temperature measuring devicekMonitoring time and temperature of the secondary data;k= 1, 2, …i；t 1<t 2<…t i-1<t i ；
step two, predicting the time point of the temperature measuring device according to the formula It i+1Temperature of time of dayf i+1；
Wherein the content of the first and second substances,n 1、n 2、n 3are respectively nodes related to time of dayt i-2、t i-1、t i At time of lagrange interpolation baset i+1The value of (a) is,c 1、c 2、c 3is used to correct the coefficients, wherein,
matrix superscript [ 2 ]]-1Representing a matrix inversion operation;n 11、n 12、n 13representing nodes with respect to time of dayt i-3,t i-2Andt i-1at time of lagrange interpolation baset i A value of (d);n 21、n 22、n 23representing nodes with respect to time of dayt i-4,t i-3Andt i-2at time of lagrange interpolation baset i-1A value of (d);n 31、n 32、n 33representing nodes with respect to time of dayt i-5,t i-4Andt i-3at time of lagrange interpolation baset i-2The value of (c).
Further, in the second step, the temperature measuring device is predicted at the time point according to the second formulat i+1Temperature of time of dayf i+1；
Wherein the content of the first and second substances,n 1、n 2、n 3、n 4are respectively nodes related to time of dayt i-3、t i-2、t i-1、t i At time of lagrange interpolation baset i+1The value of (a) is,c 1、c 2、c 3、c 4is used to correct the coefficients, wherein,
matrix superscript [ 2 ]]-1Representing a matrix inversion operation;n 11、n 12、n 13、n 14representing nodes with respect to time of dayt i-4,t i-3,t i-2Andt i-1at time of lagrange interpolation baset i A value of (d);n 21、n 22、n 23、n 24representing nodes with respect to time of dayt i-5,t i-4,t i-3Andt i-2at time of lagrange interpolation baset i-1A value of (d);n 31、n 32、n 33、n 34representing nodes with respect to time of dayt i-6,t i-5,t i-4Andt i-3at time of lagrange interpolation baset i-2A value of (d);n 41、n 42、n 43、n 44representing nodes with respect to time of dayt i-7,t i-6,t i-5Andt i-4at time of lagrange interpolation baset i-3The value of (c).
Correspondingly, the invention also provides a temperature control method for the mass concrete, and the mass concrete is internally distributed at the same measuring point along the vertical directionMA temperature measuring device for determining the temperature according to the monitoring data of the temperature measuring sensort i Time of dayMMaximum value of temperature data of temperature measuring devicef imax And minimum valuef imin And anf imax 、f imin Distance between corresponding temperature measuring devicesL 1；
The prediction method for the temperature value of the mass concrete is adopted to predictt i+1Time of dayMTemperature data of a temperature measuring device and determining the maximum value of the temperature dataf i max+1And minimum valuef i min+1And anf i max+1、f i min+1Distance between corresponding temperature measuring devicesL 2If the formula III is met, temperature control measures are taken for the mass concrete;
Wherein T is a set temperature constant, and T <25 ℃.
Furthermore, a plurality of layers of water pipes are arranged in the mass concrete, the water pipe of each layer is at least connected with a water pump, a water tank is arranged outside the mass concrete, and the water pump is used for conveying water in the water tank to the plurality of water pipes arranged in the mass concrete;
said pairThe large-volume concrete is started by taking a temperature control measuref i max+1Corresponding water pump corresponding to water pipe near the temperature measuring devicef i max+1And cooling the concrete in the area near the corresponding temperature measuring device.
Furthermore, the temperature control measures are taken for the mass concrete, and an automatic temperature control device is adopted for temperature control; the automatic temperature control device comprises an electric generating device and an automatic current regulating and controlling device; the electric heating device is arranged on the surface of the concrete, is externally connected with a power supply through a power supply line, and controls the heating power through the automatic current regulation and control device.
Further, the electric heating device comprises a plurality of heating components distributed on the surface of the mass concrete, the heating components are divided into a plurality of groups, each group of heating components is arranged in series, the heating components among different groups are arranged in parallel, each group of heating components is provided with a control opening, and when the temperature control measures are needed to be started, the control openings are started through a control switchf i min+1And the heating components near the corresponding temperature measuring devices dissipate heat, and the required current is adjusted through the automatic current regulating and controlling device.
Due to the adoption of the technical scheme, compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages and positive effects:
(1) the time sequence prediction model provided by the invention is suitable for short-term prediction of a variable-step long-time sequence and supports prediction in any length of time range;
(2) the temperature data can be predicted only by calling a few historical data near the prediction point, the algorithm is simple and convenient to calculate, a corresponding computer program is easy to compile, the prediction calculation amount of each time is small, and the prediction efficiency can be obviously improved;
(3) the algorithm provided by the invention has the characteristic of self-correction, and the coefficient is changed along with the change of the measured datac i (i= 1,2, …) are updated in real time, while various coefficients of the existing temperature prediction algorithm are mostly constant, compared with the method, the method for predicting the temperature value of the mass concrete is closer to the actual measurement resultThe method is beneficial to effectively controlling the internal temperature of the mass concrete structure, thereby reducing the temperature cracks in the concrete.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a temperature value prediction method for mass concrete according to the present invention.
Detailed Description
The temperature value prediction and control method for mass concrete provided by the invention is further described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. The advantages and features of the present invention will become more apparent in conjunction with the following description. It is to be noted that the drawings are in a very simplified form and are not to precise scale, which is merely for the purpose of facilitating and distinctly claiming the embodiments of the present invention.
Example one
As shown in fig. 1, the method for predicting the temperature value of the mass concrete provided in this embodiment includes the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps that firstly, a temperature measuring device is buried in mass concrete and connected to a data acquisition device, and the data acquisition device acquires temperature data of a temperature sensor and transmits the data to a server; wherein the monitoring data of one temperature measuring device is (t 1,f 1), (t 2,f 2), …,(t i-1,f i-1), (t i ,f i )；
t k Andf k respectively show the temperature measuring devicekMonitoring time and temperature of the secondary data;k= 1, 2, …i；t 1<t 2<…t i-1<t i ；。
because concrete structure engineering construction specifications have clear regulations on the temperature of large-volume concrete pouring, a plurality of temperature measuring devices are arranged in the large-volume concrete pouring, for example, a plurality of temperature measuring points are arranged in a large-volume concrete pouring area, each temperature measuring point is provided with a plurality of temperature measuring devices along the vertical direction, and the temperature of the concrete structure is collected through a data collecting device.
It should be noted that, in this embodiment, any adjacent time interval of the monitoring data of a certain temperature measuring device is arbitrary, and an equal interval is not required, so that when data transmission is abnormal, data loss at a certain time is still not affected.
Step two, predicting the time point of the temperature measuring device according to the formula It i+1Temperature of time of dayf i+1；
Wherein the content of the first and second substances,n 1、n 2、n 3are respectively nodes related to time of dayt i-2、t i-1、t i At time of lagrange interpolation baset i+1The value of (a) is,c 1、c 2、c 3is used to correct the coefficients, wherein,
matrix superscript [ 2 ]]-1Representing a matrix inversion operation;n 11、n 12、n 13representing nodes with respect to time of dayt i-3,t i-2Andt i-1at time of lagrange interpolation baset i A value of (d);n 21、n 22、n 23representing nodes with respect to time of dayt i-4,t i-3Andt i-2at time of lagrange interpolation baset i-1A value of (d);n 31、n 32、n 33representing nodes with respect to time of dayt i-5,t i-4Andt i-3at time of lagrange interpolation baset i-2The value of (c).
As can be seen from the formula one,f i+1the calculation formula of (2) is not directly applied to a 3-node Lagrange interpolation formula for extrapolation predictiont i+1Measured value of time of dayf i+1But rather each lagrange interpolation basen 1、n 2、n 3Are all corrected in real time.
The method for predicting the temperature value of the mass concrete provided by the embodiment has the following beneficial effects:
(1) the time sequence prediction model provided by the invention is suitable for short-term prediction of a variable-step long-time sequence and supports prediction in any length of time range;
(2) the temperature data can be predicted only by calling a few historical data near the prediction point, the algorithm is simple and convenient to calculate, a corresponding computer program is easy to compile, the prediction calculation amount of each time is small, and the prediction efficiency can be obviously improved;
(3) the algorithm provided by the invention has the characteristic of self-correction, and the coefficient is changed along with the change of the measured datac i (i= 1,2, …), and various coefficients of the existing temperature prediction algorithm are mostly constants, compared with the above method, the method for predicting the temperature value of mass concrete in the present invention is closer to the actual measurement result, which is beneficial to effectively control the internal temperature of mass concrete structure, thereby reducing the temperature crack inside concrete.
Example two
The method for predicting the temperature value of the mass concrete in the first embodiment is to perform numerical prediction based on three adjacent data, while the method for predicting the temperature value of the mass concrete in the first embodiment provides numerical prediction based on four adjacent data, the two embodiments have the same idea and only differ in formula, and the formula two is mainly described below. The second formula is that,
wherein the content of the first and second substances,n 1、n 2、n 3、n 4are respectively nodes related to time of dayt i-3、t i-2、t i-1、t i At time of lagrange interpolation baset i+1The value of (a) is,c 1、c 2、c 3、c 4is used to correct the coefficients, wherein,
matrix superscript [ 2 ]]-1Representing a matrix inversion operation;n 11、n 12、n 13、n 14indicating about time of dayNode pointt i-4,t i-3,t i-2Andt i-1at time of lagrange interpolation baset i A value of (d);n 21、n 22、n 23、n 24representing nodes with respect to time of dayt i-5,t i-4,t i-3Andt i-2at time of lagrange interpolation baset i-1A value of (d);n 31、n 32、n 33、n 34representing nodes with respect to time of dayt i-6,t i-5,t i-4Andt i-3at time of lagrange interpolation baset i-2A value of (d);n 41、n 42、n 43、n 44representing nodes with respect to time of dayt i-7,t i-6,t i-5Andt i-4at time of lagrange interpolation baset i-3The value of (c).
It should be noted that, in the first embodiment and the second embodiment, formulas for performing numerical prediction based on three adjacent data and four adjacent data are respectively given, so that formulas for performing numerical prediction based on five or more adjacent data are easily derived, and details are not repeated here, and all of them are within the protection scope of the present invention.
Since the first and second embodiments both refer to the lagrangian interpolation base, the lagrangian interpolation formula and the lagrangian interpolation base are further described below.
For differentnA known nodet 1,t 2,t 3, …,t n And the corresponding function value at the nodef 1,f 2,f 3, …,f nAnd a polynomial interpolation formula can be established to calculate any nodetFunction value of (c)f(t) The expression is as follows:
in the formula
Is referred to as the firstiThe Lagrange interpolation base corresponding to each node has the following expression:
about 4 nodest 1,t 2,t 3,t 4The corresponding 4 lagrange interpolation bases can be written,
if the Lagrange interpolation basis is to be calculated at a certain leveltValue of (1) as long astThe value of (c) is substituted into the above 4 formulas.
Will be provided witht k Change toT k Then one can get:
in the following formula II onlyn 11、n 12、n 13、n 14How the formula is applied is explained,n 11、n 12、n 13、n 14representing nodes with respect to time of dayt i-4,t i-3,t i-2Andt i-1at time of lagrange interpolation baset i Value of (A), demand
、
、
、
、
Then, we can get:
EXAMPLE III
The embodiment is realized at the time point of the first embodiment and the second embodimentt i+1Temperature of time of dayf i+1And on the basis of temperature prefabrication, a method for controlling whether the temperature is needed or not is further realized.
The large-volume concrete is internally distributed at the same measuring point along the vertical directionMA temperature measuring device for determining the temperature according to the monitoring data of the temperature measuring sensort i Time of dayMMaximum value of temperature data of temperature measuring devicef imax And minimum valuef imin And anf imax 、f imin Distance between corresponding temperature measuring devicesL 1(ii) a Predicting by using the temperature value prediction method of the mass concrete in the first embodiment or the second embodimentt i+1Time of dayMTemperature data of a temperature measuring device and determining the maximum value of the temperature dataf i max+1And minimum valuef i min+1And anf i max+1、f i min+1Distance between corresponding temperature measuring devicesL 2If the formula III is met, temperature control measures are taken for the mass concrete;
Wherein T is a set temperature constant, and T <25 ℃. The preferable value range of T is more than or equal to 22 ℃ and less than or equal to 24.5 ℃.
In the temperature control judgment of the embodiment, a temperature gradient is adopted, that is, a temperature difference value of the temperature in a unit distance (1 meter), and when the temperature gradient of the latest temperature data reaction of a plurality of temperature measuring devices at a certain measuring point is greater than a preset value T and the prefabricated temperature at the next moment shows an increasing trend, a temperature control measure needs to be adopted at this time. By adopting the set conditions, the temperature of mass concrete can meet the requirement, internal temperature cracks can be reduced, and meanwhile, the cost of temperature control measures can be reduced.
Since the temperature during concrete casting is close to the air temperature and hydration heat is generated inside the concrete after concrete casting, the internal temperature is generally higher than the surface temperature of the concrete structure, and therefore, a treatment means for heating and insulating the surface of the concrete structure can be adopted. As an example, an automatic temperature control device may be used for temperature control. The automatic temperature control device comprises an electric generating device and an automatic current regulating and controlling device; the electric heating device is arranged on the surface of the concrete, is externally connected with a power supply through a power supply line, and controls the heating power through the automatic current regulation and control device. The electric heating device can be a plurality of heating elements distributed on the surface of mass concrete, and the heat can be dissipated by switching on current. The preferred embodiment is that the heating components are divided into a plurality of groups, each group of heating components are arranged in series, the heating components among different groups are arranged in parallel, each group of heating components is provided with a control opening, and when the temperature control measures are judged to be started, the control openings are started through the control switchesf i min+1The heating components near the corresponding temperature measuring devices dissipate heat, and the required current is adjusted through the automatic current regulating and controlling device, so that the temperature gradient of the concrete can meet the requirement, the energy consumption can be reduced, and the construction cost is reduced. The concrete surface temperature measuring device is characterized in that a moisture preserving film is covered on the surface of the concrete structure after the mass concrete is finally set, an electric heating device is covered on the moisture preserving film, a heat preserving layer temperature measuring sensor is arranged between the plastic film and the concrete surface, the temperature of the concrete surface is measured, and the concrete surface crack caused by overhigh temperature is prevented.
The embodiment also provides another temperature control measure, a plurality of layers of water pipes are arranged in the mass concrete, the water pipe of each layer is at least connected with one water pump, the water tank is arranged outside the mass concrete, and the water pump is used for conveying water in the water tank to the mass concrete and is internally provided with a plurality of water pipesIn (1). When it is determined that temperature control measures need to be started, startingf i max+1Corresponding water pump corresponding to water pipe near the temperature measuring devicef i max+1And cooling the concrete in the area near the corresponding temperature measuring device. Of course, the measure can also be used together with the automatic temperature control device.
The technical features of the embodiments described above may be arbitrarily combined, and for the sake of brevity, all possible combinations of the technical features in the embodiments described above are not described, but should be considered as being within the scope of the present specification as long as there is no contradiction between the combinations of the technical features.
The above-mentioned embodiments only express several embodiments of the present invention, and the description thereof is more specific and detailed, but not construed as limiting the scope of the invention. It should be noted that, for a person skilled in the art, several variations and modifications can be made without departing from the inventive concept, which falls within the scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present patent shall be subject to the appended claims.
Claims (6)
1. A method for predicting the temperature value of mass concrete is characterized by comprising the following steps,
the method comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps that firstly, a temperature measuring device is buried in mass concrete and connected to a data acquisition device, and the data acquisition device acquires temperature data of a temperature sensor and transmits the data to a server; wherein the monitoring data of one temperature measuring device is (t 1,f 1), (t 2,f 2), …,(t i-1,f i-1), (t i ,f i )；
t k Andf k respectively show the temperature measuring devicekMonitoring time and temperature of the secondary data;k= 1, 2, …i；t 1<t 2<…t i-1<t i ；
step two, predicting the time point of the temperature measuring device according to the formula It i+1Temperature of time of dayf i+1；
Wherein the content of the first and second substances,n 1、n 2、n 3are respectively nodes related to time of dayt i-2、t i-1、t i At time of lagrange interpolation baset i+1The value of (a) is,c 1、c 2、c 3is used to correct the coefficients, wherein,
matrix superscript [ 2 ]]-1Representing a matrix inversion operation;n 11、n 12、n 13representing nodes with respect to time of dayt i-3,t i-2Andt i-1at time of lagrange interpolation baset i A value of (d);n 21、n 22、n 23representing nodes with respect to time of dayt i-4,t i-3Andt i-2at time of lagrange interpolation baset i-1A value of (d);n 31、n 32、n 33representing nodes with respect to time of dayt i-5,t i-4Andt i-3at time of lagrange interpolation baset i-2The value of (c).
2. The method of claim 1, wherein in step two, the temperature measuring device is predicted at the time point according to formula twot i+1Temperature of time of dayf i+1；
Wherein the content of the first and second substances,n 1、n 2、n 3、n 4are respectively nodes related to time of dayt i-3、t i-2、t i-1、t i At time of lagrange interpolation baset i+1The value of (a) is,c 1、c 2、c 3、c 4is used to correct the coefficients, wherein,
matrix superscript [ 2 ]]-1Representing a matrix inversion operation;n 11、n 12、n 13、n 14representing nodes with respect to time of dayt i-4,t i-3,t i-2Andt i-1at time of lagrange interpolation baset i A value of (d);n 21、n 22、n 23、n 24representing nodes with respect to time of dayt i-5,t i-4,t i-3Andt i-2at time of lagrange interpolation baset i-1A value of (d);n 31、n 32、n 33、n 34representing nodes with respect to time of dayt i-6,t i-5,t i-4Andt i-3at time of lagrange interpolation baset i-2A value of (d);n 41、n 42、n 43、n 44representing nodes with respect to time of dayt i-7,t i-6,t i-5Andt i-4at time of lagrange interpolation baset i-3The value of (c).
3. A temperature control method for mass concrete is characterized in that,
the large-volume concrete is internally distributed at the same measuring point along the vertical directionMA temperature measuring device for determining the temperature according to the monitoring data of the temperature measuring sensort i Time of dayMMaximum value of temperature data of temperature measuring devicef imax And minimum valuef imin And anf imax 、f imin Distance between corresponding temperature measuring devicesL 1；
Prediction by the method for predicting temperature values of mass concrete according to claim 1 or 2t i+1Time of dayMTemperature data of a temperature measuring device and determining the maximum value of the temperature dataf i max+1And minimum valuef i min+1And anf i max+1、f i min+1Distance between corresponding temperature measuring devicesL 2If the formula III is met, temperature control measures are taken for the mass concrete;
Wherein T is a set temperature constant, and T <25 ℃.
4. The mass concrete temperature control method according to claim 3,
the water pump is used for conveying water in the water tank to the plurality of water pipes arranged in the mass concrete;
the temperature control measure is adopted for the mass concrete and is startedf i max+1Corresponding water pump corresponding to water pipe near the temperature measuring devicef i max+1And cooling the concrete in the area near the corresponding temperature measuring device.
5. The mass concrete temperature control method according to claim 3,
the temperature control measures are taken for the mass concrete, and an automatic temperature control device is adopted for temperature control; the automatic temperature control device comprises an electric generating device and an automatic current regulating and controlling device; the electric heating device is arranged on the surface of the concrete, is externally connected with a power supply through a power supply line, and controls the heating power through the automatic current regulation and control device.
6. The mass concrete temperature control method according to claim 5,
the electric heating device comprises a plurality of heating elements distributed on the surface of the mass concrete, and the heating elements are divided into a plurality of groups, wherein each groupThe heating components are arranged in series, the heating components among different groups are arranged in parallel, each group of heating components is provided with a control opening, and when the temperature control measures need to be started, the control openings are started through the control switchf i min+1And the heating components near the corresponding temperature measuring devices dissipate heat, and the required current is adjusted through the automatic current regulating and controlling device.
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| CN111339603B (en) | 2020-08-11 |
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