CN111338204B - Decentralized integrated atomic time system and establishing method thereof - Google Patents
Decentralized integrated atomic time system and establishing method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- G04R20/02—Setting the time according to the time information carried or implied by the radio signal the radio signal being sent by a satellite, e.g. GPS
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Abstract
The application discloses decentralization comprehensive atomic time system and establishment method thereof, including a plurality of atomic time sites which are communicated through internet or intranet, the atomic time sites include: one or more atomic clocks, a phase micro-jump meter, a data processing computer, satellite two-way time comparison equipment, a GNSS time transfer receiver or any one or combination thereof. The invention uses all time difference data to adopt a decentralized comprehensive atomic time system to respectively establish comprehensive atomic time, obtains the time difference sequence between the current station and the comprehensive atomic time, and makes the time frequency signal of the station approach the comprehensive atomic time by frequency modulation and phase modulation according to the time difference sequence. The invention can comprehensively utilize the resource of a plurality of remote site atomic clocks, and solves the contradiction problem that the number of single site high-performance atomic clocks is too small and the high-precision comprehensive atomic clocks have to have enough number of high-performance atomic clocks, and the problem that the reliability of a time-keeping system in a multi-site master-slave mode is insufficient.
Description
Technical Field
The application relates to the technical field of atomic time, in particular to a decentralized comprehensive atomic time system and an establishing method thereof.
Background
Atomic Time (TA) is a time scale for timing by accumulation of precise oscillation periods generated by atomic frequency standards, and atomic time is appreciated by people with higher accuracy and uniformity than Universal Time (UT) at the beginning. But its reliability is far from the "earth clock" that is the basis of the world time scale. Any frequency scale has a limited lifetime and is limited by the mean time to failure of the equipment, so that a reliable, uniform and highly accurate time scale cannot be formed by only one atomic clock or a small number of atomic clocks. In order to improve the reliability of atomic time, a plurality of clocks are combined, and the mean time to failure of a system of a timekeeping system consisting of a plurality of atomic clocks is shorter than that of a single clock, which is also a method commonly adopted by various timekeeping laboratories at present.
However, when considering the atomic time reliability factor, in addition to the life span and the mean time to failure due to the manufacturing quality of the atomic clock itself, the atomic time reliability factor may be affected by an unstable factor caused by a sudden accident or a management operation accident. The sudden accidents include natural accidents such as earthquakes, lightning and the like, and artificial accidents such as wars, fires and the like. Mismanagement operations can also cause a break-in-time or a reduction in the level of the break-in-time. In summary, multi-station is better than single station in terms of reliability, and decentralized processing is better than master-slave mode.
In terms of the performance of the synthetic atomic time, the synthetic atomic time is related to not only the performance, number and atomic time algorithm of atomic clocks, but also the quality of comparison data among atomic clocks. Atomic clock alignment includes laboratory alignment and remote clock alignment. Remote clock comparison is a necessary condition for establishing a comprehensive atomic time scale by using a multi-station atomic clock, and is one of main factors influencing atomic time performance. The existing remote time comparison method mainly comprises the following steps: satellite two-way time comparison method and GNSS common view method.
The satellite bidirectional comparison method is a method with the highest precision of remote time frequency transmission at present, and utilizes a geosynchronous orbit communication satellite to remotely transmit time at two sites for time transmission through a satellite ground station and a satellite bidirectional time comparison modem. Due to the symmetry of the electromagnetic wave bidirectional propagation path, the main time comparison error can be eliminated, and the time transmission result of two places can be obtained in real time. The method has good real-time performance and high index, and the time comparison precision is better than 1 ns.
The GNSS common view method uses a GNSS satellite as a medium, two stations which carry out time transmission acquire comparison data by using a GNSS receiver, and then the two stations exchange and process the data to obtain a time transmission result. The method is the most popular remote time transmission method applied in time-frequency laboratories of various countries in the world, the cost is low, the data processing technology is simple and mature, and the common view comparison precision is better than 10 ns. Furthermore, current developments in multi-channel receiver technology have made it possible that the common view time transfer is no longer limited to the 16 minute interval specified by the standard CGGTTS format. Under the condition that the communication condition allows, the quick exchange of the common-view data can be realized, and the quick common-view comparison can be realized.
In conclusion, the existing method for establishing the comprehensive atomic time is limited by the small number of atomic clocks in a single laboratory, and the accurate and uniform comprehensive atomic time is difficult to establish; meanwhile, the existing mode for establishing the comprehensive atom by combining the multi-station and the master-slave mode is low in reliability. Therefore, it is desirable to design a decentralized integrated atomic time system.
Disclosure of Invention
The embodiment of the application provides a decentralized comprehensive atomic time system and an establishing method thereof, which aim to solve the problems that the existing comprehensive atomic time establishing method is limited by the small number of atomic clocks in a single laboratory and is difficult to establish accurate and uniform comprehensive atomic time; meanwhile, the existing multi-station combined master-slave mode has the problem of low reliability of a mode when establishing the comprehensive atom.
A decentralized integrated atomic time system comprising a plurality of atomic time sites, the plurality of atomic time sites communicating via the Internet or an intranet, the atomic time sites comprising: one or more atomic clocks, a phase micro-jump meter, a data processing computer, and any one or combination of satellite two-way time comparison equipment and GNSS time transmission receiver, wherein the phase micro-jump meter, the satellite two-way time comparison equipment and the GNSS time transmission receiver are connected with the data processing computer, and the phase micro-jump meter, the satellite two-way time comparison equipment and the GNSS time transmission receiver are connected with the data processing computer, wherein:
the atomic clock is used for realizing atomic timing;
the phase micro-jump meter is used for outputting the physical time frequency signal modulated by the data processing computer;
the satellite bidirectional time comparison equipment is used for performing satellite bidirectional time comparison on the current station and other stations to obtain satellite bidirectional comparison time difference data;
the GNSS time transfer receiver is used for realizing remote comparison of the time frequency of the station and each GNSS satellite by adopting a GNSS common view method to obtain time difference data of the station and each GNSS satellite;
and the data processing computer is used for processing the time comparison data of the station, and the time comparison data comprises atomic clock frequency comparison data, satellite bidirectional comparison time difference data and time difference data of the station and each GNSS satellite.
Preferably, the system further comprises: and the phase comparator is used for realizing frequency comparison of a plurality of atomic clocks when the atomic time station is provided with a plurality of atomic clocks to obtain atomic clock frequency comparison data, and the phase comparator is connected with the data processing computer.
Preferably, the system further comprises an antenna connected to the GNSS time transfer receiver for receiving GNSS navigation satellite signals.
Preferably, the atomic clock outputs a 10MHz frequency signal.
Preferably, the plurality of atomic time stations adopt UDP multicast communication through a network monitoring multicast port of the data processing computer.
A method for establishing decentralized integrated atomic time comprises the following steps:
time comparison data acquisition and transmission, wherein the time comparison data acquisition comprises two parts of local station time comparison data acquisition and other station time comparison data acquisition, and the time comparison data transmission refers to the transmission of the local station time comparison data to other stations in a UDP multicast mode; the time comparison data comprises atomic clock frequency comparison data, satellite bidirectional comparison time difference data and time difference data of the local station and each GNSS satellite;
preprocessing time comparison data, converting atomic clock frequency comparison data into frequency difference data, correcting satellite bidirectional comparison time difference data through a Sagnac effect to obtain bidirectional time comparison results of all stations, and obtaining mutual-view comparison results of all stations through a common-view comparison method according to the station and the GNSS satellite time difference data;
processing the preprocessed time comparison data through a comprehensive atomic time algorithm to obtain a time difference sequence of the current atomic time station and the comprehensive atomic time;
and establishing a comprehensive atomic time, acquiring the frequency difference and the phase difference of the current atomic time site according to the current atomic time site and the comprehensive atomic time difference sequence, and adjusting to enable the frequency difference and the phase difference to approach the comprehensive atomic time.
Preferably, the integrated atomic time algorithm comprises the following steps:
1) obtaining all atomic clock time comparison data of each station as observation data by using the frequency difference data, the two-way time comparison result and the common view comparison result through element alignment and interpolation;
2) setting the speed of each atomic clock relative to the integrated atomic clock as
This is taken as a state quantity;
3) based on the state quantity column condition equation, taking observation data as mutual comparison data of the atomic clocks;
4) adding limiting conditions to the conditional equation, selecting any station atomic clock as a reference clock, and setting the speed of the ith station relative to the comprehensive atomic clock to be
Can take any value of
The conditional equation in step 3) has a unique solution, which is recorded as
I.e. the clock speed of each atomic clock relative to the integrated atomic time under the limiting conditions;
5) computing
At a minimum, wherein
Obtaining the clock speed of the reference clock selected in the step 4) relative to the comprehensive atomic time by weighting each clock, and substituting the solution obtained in the step 4) to obtain the clock speed of each site atomic clock relative to the comprehensive atomic time;
6) selecting any site, setting the time difference between the site and the integrated atomic time at a certain time to be 0, taking the time as the starting time of the integrated atomic time, and comparing the data by the atomic clock time of each site at the starting time to calculate the time difference between each site at the starting time and the integrated atomic time;
7) and 6) obtaining the time difference sequence between the current site and the comprehensive atomic time by the time difference between each site and the comprehensive atomic time at the starting time in the step 6) and the clock speed of the atomic clock of each site relative to the comprehensive atomic time in the step 5).
Preferably, the time comparison data acquisition of the station directly acquires the time comparison data of each device of the station through the station data processing computer, and the device comprises a phase comparator, a satellite two-way time comparison device and a GNSS common-view time transfer receiver.
Preferably, the time comparison data acquisition of the other stations receives the time comparison data sent by the other stations through the network monitoring multicast port.
The embodiment of the application adopts at least one technical scheme which can achieve the following beneficial effects:
the invention adopts a satellite bidirectional method or a Beidou common-view method between stations to realize remote multi-station time comparison, utilizes a phase comparator to realize atomic clock comparison in the stations, shares all time difference measurement data among the stations in a UDP multicast mode, and obtains time difference sequences of a current station and a comprehensive atom when the stations respectively establish the comprehensive atom by utilizing all the time difference data and adopting a decentralized comprehensive atomic time system, and makes a time frequency signal of the station approach the comprehensive atomic time by frequency modulation and phase modulation according to the time difference sequences. The invention can comprehensively utilize the resource of a plurality of remote site atomic clocks, and solves the contradiction problem that the number of single site high-performance atomic clocks is too small and the high-precision comprehensive atomic clocks have to have enough number of high-performance atomic clocks, and the problem that the reliability of a time-keeping system in a multi-site master-slave mode is not enough.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the application and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this application, illustrate embodiment(s) of the application and together with the description serve to explain the application and not to limit the application. In the drawings:
FIG. 1 is a schematic block diagram of embodiment 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic block diagram of embodiment 2 of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic block diagram of embodiment 3 of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic block diagram of embodiment 4 of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a flow chart of the method for building decentralized synthesis atoms according to the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present application more apparent, the technical solutions of the present application will be described in detail and completely with reference to the following specific embodiments of the present application and the accompanying drawings. It should be apparent that the described embodiments are only some of the embodiments of the present application, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present application.
The technical solutions provided by the embodiments of the present application are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Example 1
As shown in fig. 1, a decentralized integrated atomic time system includes a plurality of atomic time sites, the plurality of atomic time sites communicate via internet or intranet, and the atomic time sites include: an atomic clock, a phase microbump, a data processing computer and satellite two-way time comparison equipment, phase microbump, satellite two-way time comparison equipment and data processing computer are connected, wherein:
the atomic clock is used for realizing atomic timing, and the atomic clock outputs a 10MHz frequency signal;
the phase micro-jump meter is used for outputting the physical time frequency signal modulated by the data processing computer;
the satellite bidirectional time comparison equipment is used for performing satellite bidirectional time comparison on the current station and other stations to obtain satellite bidirectional comparison time difference data;
and the data processing computer is used for processing the time comparison data of the station, and the time comparison data comprises atomic clock frequency comparison data, satellite bidirectional comparison time difference data and time difference data of the station and each GNSS satellite.
The working principle of the embodiment is as follows:
the method comprises the steps of firstly, acquiring and sending time comparison data, wherein the time comparison data acquisition comprises two parts of local station time comparison data acquisition and other station time comparison data acquisition, the local station time comparison data acquisition is directly connected with a satellite two-way time comparison device through a data processing computer, and the satellite two-way time comparison device performs satellite two-way time comparison on a current station and other stations to obtain satellite two-way comparison time difference data. Other stations compare the time and collect the data and monitor the data that the multicast port receives other stations and sends through the network; the time comparison data transmission means that the time comparison data of the local station is transmitted to other stations in a UDP multicast mode.
Then, data preprocessing is performed. In the embodiment, only the satellite bidirectional comparison time difference data is acquired as the time difference data, which is influenced by the number of channels of the satellite bidirectional time comparison equipment, the data may be point-to-point or point-to-multiple, and the time comparison is usually realized in a time-sharing multiplexing manner, so that the bidirectional comparison data needs to be preprocessed to obtain the bidirectional time comparison result of each epoch, specifically, the satellite bidirectional comparison time difference data is corrected by the Sagnac effect to obtain the bidirectional time comparison result of each site. And finally, processing the preprocessed time comparison data through a comprehensive atomic time algorithm to obtain a time difference sequence of the local station and the comprehensive atomic time, and enabling the local station time frequency signal to approach the comprehensive atomic time through frequency modulation and phase modulation according to the time difference sequence.
Example 2
As shown in fig. 2, a decentralized integrated atomic time system includes a plurality of atomic time sites, the plurality of atomic time sites communicate via internet or intranet, and the atomic time sites include: a plurality of atomic clocks, a phase micro-jump meter, a data processing computer and a GNSS time transfer receiver, wherein the phase micro-jump meter and the GNSS time transfer receiver are connected with the data processing computer, and the phase micro-jump meter and the GNSS time transfer receiver are connected with the data processing computer, wherein:
the atomic clock is used for realizing atomic timing, and the atomic clock outputs a 10MHz frequency signal;
the phase micro-jump meter is used for outputting the physical time frequency signal modulated by the data processing computer;
the GNSS time transfer receiver is used for realizing remote comparison of the time frequency of the station and each GNSS satellite by adopting a GNSS common view method to obtain time difference data of the station and each GNSS satellite;
and the data processing computer is used for processing the time comparison data of the station, and the time comparison data comprises atomic clock frequency comparison data, satellite bidirectional comparison time difference data and time difference data of the station and each GNSS satellite.
Specifically, the system further comprises: and the phase comparator is used for comparing the frequencies of the atomic clocks of the atomic time stations to obtain atomic clock frequency comparison data, and is connected with the data processing computer. The GNSS receiver also includes an antenna coupled to the GNSS time transfer receiver for receiving GNSS navigation satellite signals.
The working principle of the embodiment is as follows:
firstly, acquiring and sending time comparison data, wherein the time comparison data of the embodiment comprises two parts, the first part is frequency comparison data of each atomic clock in a station, and the data are converted into frequency difference data after being preprocessed according to the data type given by a phase comparator; the second part is GNSS common-view comparison data, namely time difference data between the station and each GNSS satellite, and the common-view comparison result between the stations is obtained by a common-view comparison method according to the time difference data between the station and each GNSS satellite during data preprocessing.
The time comparison data acquisition comprises two parts of local station time comparison data acquisition and other station time comparison data acquisition, the local station time comparison data acquisition is directly connected with each device (comprising a phase comparator and a GNSS common-view time transmission receiver) through a data processing computer, and the other station time comparison data acquisition receives data sent by other stations through a network monitoring multicast port; the time comparison data transmission means that the time comparison data of the local station is transmitted to other stations in a UDP multicast mode.
After data preprocessing, the preprocessed time comparison data is processed through a comprehensive atomic time algorithm, a time difference sequence between the local station and the comprehensive atomic time is obtained, and the local station time frequency signal approaches to the comprehensive atomic time through frequency modulation and phase modulation according to the time difference sequence.
Example 3
As shown in fig. 3, a decentralized integrated atomic time system includes a plurality of atomic time sites, the plurality of atomic time sites communicate via internet or intranet, and the atomic time sites include: a plurality of atomic clocks, a phase microstepping meter, a data processing computer and satellite two-way time comparison equipment, GNSS time transmission receiver, phase microstepping meter, satellite two-way time comparison equipment, GNSS time transmission receiver and data processing computer are connected, wherein:
the atomic clock is used for realizing atomic timing, wherein the atomic clock outputs a 10MHz frequency signal;
the phase micro-jump meter is used for outputting the physical time frequency signal modulated by the data processing computer;
the satellite bidirectional time comparison equipment is used for performing satellite bidirectional time comparison on the current station and other stations to obtain satellite bidirectional comparison time difference data;
the GNSS time transfer receiver is used for realizing remote comparison of the time frequency of the station and each GNSS satellite by adopting a GNSS common view method to obtain time difference data of the station and each GNSS satellite;
and the data processing computer is used for processing the time comparison data of the station, and the time comparison data comprises atomic clock frequency comparison data, satellite bidirectional comparison time difference data and time difference data of the station and each GNSS satellite.
Specifically, the system further comprises: and the phase comparator is used for realizing frequency comparison of a plurality of atomic clocks when the atomic time station is provided with a plurality of atomic clocks to obtain atomic clock frequency comparison data, and the phase comparator is connected with the data processing computer. The GNSS receiver also includes an antenna coupled to the GNSS time transfer receiver for receiving GNSS navigation satellite signals.
The working principle of the embodiment is as follows:
firstly, time comparison data are collected and sent, the time comparison data of the embodiment comprise three parts, and the first part is frequency comparison data of each atomic clock in a station; the second part is bidirectional time comparison data of a satellite of the current station and is a time difference obtained by bidirectional comparison of the satellite of the current station and satellites of other stations; and the third part is common-view data of the current station, namely time difference data between the current station and each GNSS satellite.
The time comparison data acquisition comprises two parts of local station time comparison data acquisition and other station time comparison data acquisition, the local station time comparison data acquisition is directly connected with each device (comprising a phase comparator, a satellite two-way time comparison device and a GNSS common-view time transmission receiver) through a data processing computer, and the other station time comparison data acquisition receives data sent by other stations through a network monitoring multicast port; the time comparison data transmission means that the time comparison data of the local station is transmitted to other stations in a UDP multicast mode.
Then, data preprocessing is performed. The data preprocessing comprises three parts, wherein the first part is atomic clock frequency comparison data, and the atomic clock frequency comparison data is converted into frequency difference data according to the data type given by a phase comparator; the second part is satellite bidirectional comparison data, the data is time difference data and is influenced by the number of channels of satellite bidirectional time comparison equipment, the data can be point-to-point or point-to-multiple, time comparison is usually realized in a time division multiplexing mode, therefore, the bidirectional comparison data needs to be processed to obtain bidirectional time comparison results of each epoch, and specifically, the satellite bidirectional comparison time difference data is corrected through a Sagnac effect to obtain bidirectional time comparison results of each site; and the third part is GNSS common-view comparison data, and a common-view comparison result between stations is obtained by a common-view comparison method according to the time difference data of the station and each GNSS satellite during preprocessing.
And finally, processing the preprocessed time comparison data through a comprehensive atomic time algorithm to obtain a time difference sequence of the local station and the comprehensive atomic time, and enabling the local station time frequency signal to approach the comprehensive atomic time through frequency modulation and phase modulation according to the time difference sequence.
Example 4
As shown in fig. 4, a decentralized integrated atomic time system includes a plurality of atomic time sites, which communicate via the internet or intranet, wherein the topology of each site in the system may be different.
The station 1 includes: the system comprises a plurality of atomic clocks, a phase comparator, a phase micro-jump meter, a data processing computer, a satellite bidirectional time comparison device and a GNSS time transmission receiver, wherein the phase comparator, the phase micro-jump meter, the satellite bidirectional time comparison device and the GNSS time transmission receiver are connected with the data processing computer. The time comparison data of the station 1 comprises three parts, wherein the first part is frequency comparison data of each atomic clock in the station; the second part is bidirectional time comparison data of a satellite of the current station and is a time difference obtained by bidirectional comparison of the satellite of the current station and satellites of other stations; and the third part is common-view data of the current station, namely time difference data between the current station and each GNSS satellite.
The station 2 includes: the system comprises an atomic clock, a phase micro-jump meter, a data processing computer and a GNSS time transfer receiver, wherein the phase micro-jump meter and the GNSS time transfer receiver are connected with the data processing computer. And the time comparison data of the station 2 is common-view data of the current station, namely time difference data between the current station and each GNSS satellite.
The station 3 includes: the system comprises an atomic clock, a phase micro-jump meter, a data processing computer, a satellite two-way time comparison device and a GNSS time transmission receiver, wherein the phase micro-jump meter, the satellite two-way time comparison device and the GNSS time transmission receiver are connected with the data processing computer. The time comparison data of the station 3 comprises two parts, wherein the first part is the bidirectional time comparison data of the satellite of the current station and is the time difference obtained by bidirectional comparison between the current station and the satellites of other stations; the second part is the common-view data of the current station, namely the time difference data between the current station and each GNSS satellite.
Site N includes: the system comprises an atomic clock, a phase micro-jump meter, a data processing computer and a satellite two-way time comparison device, wherein the phase micro-jump meter and the satellite two-way time comparison device are connected with the data processing computer. And the time comparison data of the station N is the bidirectional time comparison data of the satellite of the current station and is the time difference obtained by bidirectional comparison of the satellite of the current station and other stations.
When the system works, firstly, time comparison data acquisition and sending are carried out, the time comparison data acquisition comprises two parts of local station time comparison data acquisition and other station time comparison data acquisition, the local station time comparison data acquisition is directly connected with each device (comprising a phase comparator, a satellite two-way time comparison device and a GNSS common-view time transmission receiver) through a data processing computer, and each station is respectively connected with one or more of the phase comparator, the satellite two-way time comparison device and the GNSS common-view time transmission receiver. Other stations compare the time and collect the data and monitor the data that the multicast port receives other stations and sends through the network; the time comparison data transmission means that the time comparison data of the local station is transmitted to other stations in a UDP multicast mode.
Then, data preprocessing is performed. Because each station is respectively connected with one or more of a phase comparator, a satellite two-way time comparison device and a GNSS common-view time transmission receiver, the devices and the ways through which the time comparison data collected by each station pass are different. The comparison data is different according to the time acquired by each station, and the data preprocessing method is also different. The data preprocessing methods of the three time comparison data are respectively as follows: comparing the frequency of the atomic clock with data, and converting the data into frequency difference data according to the data type given by the phase comparator; the method comprises the steps that satellite bidirectional comparison data are obtained, the partial data are time difference data and are influenced by the number of channels of satellite bidirectional time comparison equipment, the partial data can be point-to-point or point-to-multiple, time comparison is usually achieved in a time division multiplexing mode, therefore, the bidirectional comparison data need to be processed to obtain bidirectional time comparison results of each epoch, and specifically, the satellite bidirectional time comparison time difference data are corrected through a Sagnac effect to obtain bidirectional time comparison results of each site; and the GNSS common-view comparison data is preprocessed, and a common-view comparison result between the stations is obtained by a common-view comparison method according to the time difference data of the station and each GNSS satellite.
And finally, processing the preprocessed time comparison data through a comprehensive atomic time algorithm to obtain a time difference sequence of the local station and the comprehensive atomic time, and enabling the local station time frequency signal to approach the comprehensive atomic time through frequency modulation and phase modulation according to the time difference sequence.
Example 5
As shown in fig. 5, the present invention further provides a method for establishing decentralized synthesis atomic, comprising the following steps:
The time comparison data comprises atomic clock frequency comparison data, satellite bidirectional comparison time difference data and time difference data of the local station and each GNSS satellite. Comparing the frequency of each atomic clock in the station of the first part with data, wherein if the current station only has one atomic clock, the data can be lost; the second part of the bidirectional time comparison data of the current station satellite is the time difference obtained by bidirectional comparison of the current station satellite and other station satellites; if the current site is not provided with the bidirectional comparison equipment, the part can be lost; the third part of the data is commonly viewed by the current station, i.e. the time difference data between the current station and each GNSS satellite, and the third part of the data can be absent if the current station is not provided with a GNSS time transfer receiver. At least one of the second part data and the third part data should be provided.
Step 2, the data preprocessing comprises three parts, wherein the first part is atomic clock frequency comparison data, and the atomic clock frequency comparison data is converted into frequency difference data according to the data type given by a phase comparator; the second part is satellite bidirectional comparison data, the data is time difference data and is influenced by the number of channels of the satellite bidirectional time comparison equipment, the data can be point-to-point or point-to-multiple, time comparison is usually realized by adopting a time division multiplexing mode, and therefore, the bidirectional time comparison data needs to be fitted once to obtain a bidirectional time comparison result of each epoch; the third part is GNSS common-view comparison data, and common-view comparison results among all stations are acquired according to a common-view comparison data processing method.
Step 3, processing the preprocessed time comparison data through a comprehensive atomic time algorithm to obtain a time difference sequence between the current atomic time site and the comprehensive atomic time;
step 4, acquiring the frequency difference and the phase difference of the current atomic time site according to the current atomic time site and the comprehensive atomic time difference sequence, and adjusting to enable the frequency difference and the phase difference to approach the comprehensive atomic time;
and 5, after the step 4 is completed, establishing the synthetic atoms.
The integrated atomic time algorithm of embodiments 1-5, among others, includes the steps of:
1) obtaining all atomic clock time comparison data of each station as observation data by using the frequency difference data, the two-way time comparison result and the common view comparison result through element alignment and interpolation;
2) setting the speed of each atomic clock relative to the integrated atomic clock as
This is taken as a state quantity;
3) based on the state quantity column condition equation, taking observation data as mutual comparison data of all atomic clocks, wherein the condition equation has infinite solutions due to rank;
4) adding limiting conditions to the conditional equation, selecting any station atomic clock as a reference clock, and setting the speed of the ith station relative to the comprehensive atomic clock to be
Can take any value of
The conditional equation in step 3) has a unique solution, which is recorded as
I.e. the clock speed of each atomic clock relative to the integrated atomic time under the limiting conditions;
5) computing
At a minimum, wherein
Obtaining the clock speed of the reference clock selected in the step 4) relative to the comprehensive atomic time by weighting each clock, and substituting the solution obtained in the step 4) to obtain the clock speed of each site atomic clock relative to the comprehensive atomic time;
6) selecting any site, setting the time difference between the site and the integrated atomic time at a certain time to be 0, taking the time as the starting time of the integrated atomic time, and comparing the data by the atomic clock time of each site at the starting time to calculate the time difference between each site at the starting time and the integrated atomic time;
7) and 6) obtaining the time difference sequence between the current site and the comprehensive atomic time by the time difference between each site and the comprehensive atomic time at the starting time in the step 6) and the clock speed of the atomic clock of each site relative to the comprehensive atomic time in the step 5).
Example 6
In a decentralized comprehensive atomic time establishing method, three types of original measurement data are utilized, wherein atomic clock frequency comparison data can be obtained by measurement every second; the satellite bidirectional time compares data measurement, measure once per second, but there is time-sharing multiplexing; the GNSS co-view alignment data should give measurement data per second and no longer follow the co-view schedule specified by CGGTTS V2E. First, the data are aligned in epoch and normalized to the frequency comparison result.
Setting x and y stations to participate in the decentralized synthesis atomic time establishment, setting the clock difference and clock speed of the x station as
y station clock difference clock speed of
If the time difference comparison result of the x station and the y station is obtained, and t is the measurement interval, the time difference measurement result can be expressed as
Upper left middle
Can be measured directly during the first calibration, so that the left-hand whole is recorded as a known quantity
I.e. the normalized result is listed as a matrix form
Taking a state quantity of
Obviously the above equation, lacking in rank, has an infinite number of solutions. For this purpose, a limit condition is added, and the clock speed of x station is set to 0, namely
The above equation can be listed as:
setting the comprehensive atomic clock speed as
Two stations take equal weight (the specific weight-taking method can be defined according to the type of atomic clock, and the method is not specified specifically) so that
Clearly in line with what is expected when both clocks are weighted to create a synthetic atom.
In summary, the invention adopts a satellite bidirectional method or a Beidou common-view method between stations to realize remote multi-station time comparison, utilizes a phase comparator to realize intra-station atomic clock comparison in the stations, shares all time difference measurement data among the stations in a UDP multicast mode, obtains a current station and integrated atomic time difference sequence when each station respectively establishes integrated atoms by using a decentralized integrated atomic time system by utilizing all time difference data, and makes a local station time frequency signal approximate to the integrated atomic time by frequency modulation and phase modulation according to the time difference sequence. The invention can comprehensively utilize the resource of a plurality of remote site atomic clocks, and solves the contradiction problem that the number of single site high-performance atomic clocks is too small and the high-precision comprehensive atomic clocks have to have enough number of high-performance atomic clocks, and the problem that the reliability of a time-keeping system in a multi-site master-slave mode is not enough.
In addition, the atomic clock, the phase comparator, the phase microswitter, the data processing computer, the satellite bidirectional time comparison device and the GNSS time transfer receiver model of each of the above embodiments are not limited.
The above description is only an example of the present application and is not intended to limit the present application. Various modifications and changes may occur to those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present application should be included in the scope of the claims of the present application.
Claims (8)
1. A decentralized integrated atomic time building method for a decentralized integrated atomic time system, said system comprising a plurality of stations, said plurality of stations communicating via the internet or an intranet, said stations comprising:
one or more atomic clocks;
any one or the combination of the satellite bidirectional time comparison equipment and the GNSS time transfer receiver;
the atomic clock is used for realizing atomic timing;
the satellite two-way time comparison equipment is used for performing satellite two-way time comparison on the current station and other stations to obtain satellite two-way comparison time difference data;
the GNSS time transmission receiver is used for realizing remote comparison of the time frequency of the current station and each GNSS satellite by adopting a GNSS common view method to obtain time difference data of the current station and each GNSS satellite;
characterized in that the method comprises the following steps:
time comparison data acquisition and transmission, wherein the time comparison data acquisition comprises two parts of current station time comparison data acquisition and other station time comparison data acquisition, and the time comparison data transmission refers to the transmission of the current station time comparison data to other stations;
the time comparison data comprises atomic clock frequency comparison data, satellite bidirectional comparison time difference data and time difference data between the current station and each GNSS satellite; comparing the frequency of each atomic clock in the first part of stations with data, wherein the data can be lost when only one atomic clock is arranged in the current station; the second part of the satellite bidirectional comparison time difference data can be lost if the current station is not provided with bidirectional comparison equipment; time difference data between the current station and each GNSS satellite in the third part can be lost if the current station is not provided with a GNSS time transfer receiver; at least one of the second part data and the third part data is provided;
preprocessing time comparison data, converting atomic clock frequency comparison data into frequency difference data, correcting satellite bidirectional comparison time difference data through a Sagnac effect to obtain bidirectional time comparison data of each station, and obtaining mutual-view comparison data of each station through a common-view comparison method according to the current station and the GNSS satellite time difference data;
processing the preprocessed time comparison data through a comprehensive atomic time algorithm to obtain a time difference sequence between the current station and the comprehensive atomic time;
establishing a synthetic atomic time sequence, acquiring a frequency difference and a phase difference of a current station according to the time difference sequence of the current station and the synthetic atomic time, and adjusting to enable the frequency difference and the phase difference to approach the synthetic atomic time;
the integrated atomic time algorithm comprises the following steps:
1) obtaining all atomic clock time comparison data of each station as observation data by using the frequency difference data, the two-way time comparison data and the common view comparison data through element alignment and interpolation;
2) setting the clock speed of each atomic clock relative to the integrated atomic clock as
Using it as a state quantity;
3) based on the state quantity column condition equation, taking observation data as mutual comparison data of the atomic clocks;
4) adding a limiting condition to the conditional equation, selecting any station atomic clock as a reference clock, and setting the clock speed of the ith station relative to the comprehensive atomic clock to be
Can take any value of
The conditional equation of step 3) has a unique solution, which is recorded as
The clock speed of each atomic clock relative to the comprehensive atomic time under the limiting condition;
5) computing
Make it
Minimum where ωiObtaining the clock speed of the reference clock selected in the step 4) relative to the comprehensive atomic time by weighting each clock, and substituting the solution obtained in the step 4) to obtain the clock speed of each station atomic clock relative to the comprehensive atomic time;
6) selecting any station, setting the time difference between the station and the integrated atomic time at a certain moment to be 0, taking the moment as the starting point moment of the integrated atomic time, comparing data by the atomic clock time of each station at the starting point moment, and calculating the time difference between each station at the starting point moment and the integrated atomic time;
7) and 6) obtaining a current station and comprehensive atomic time difference sequence by the time difference between each station and the comprehensive atomic time at the starting time in the step 6) and the clock speed of the atomic clock of each station relative to the comprehensive atomic time in the step 5).
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the current station time alignment data collection directly collects time alignment data of each device of the current station through a current station data processing computer, the devices including a phase comparator, a satellite two-way time alignment device, and a GNSS time transfer receiver.
3. The method according to claim 1, wherein the other station time alignment data collection receives time alignment data sent by other stations through a network listening multicast port.
4. A decentralized integrated atomic time system, using the method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the system further comprises a phase microstepper, a data processing computer, and the phase microstepper, the satellite two-way time alignment device, and the GNSS time transfer receiver are connected to the data processing computer, wherein:
the phase micro-jump meter is used for outputting the physical time frequency signal modulated by the data processing computer;
and the data processing computer is used for processing the time comparison data of the current station, and the time comparison data comprises atomic clock frequency comparison data, satellite bidirectional comparison time difference data and time difference data between the current station and each GNSS satellite.
5. A decentralized integrated atomic time system according to claim 4, further comprising:
and the phase comparator is used for realizing frequency comparison of a plurality of atomic clocks when the station comprises a plurality of atomic clocks to obtain atomic clock frequency comparison data, and the phase comparator is connected with the data processing computer.
6. The decentralized integrated atomic time system according to claim 4, further comprising an antenna connected to the GNSS time transfer receiver for receiving GNSS navigation satellite signals.
7. A decentralized integrated atomic time system according to claim 4, wherein said atomic clock outputs a 10MHz frequency signal.
8. A decentralized integrated atomic time system according to claim 4, wherein said plurality of stations communicate using UDP multicast through a network listen multicast port of the data processing computer.
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