CN111338195A - Vector holographic imaging display system - Google Patents
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- G03H—HOLOGRAPHIC PROCESSES OR APPARATUS
- G03H1/00—Holographic processes or apparatus using light, infrared or ultraviolet waves for obtaining holograms or for obtaining an image from them; Details peculiar thereto
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Abstract
The application relates to a vector holographic imaging display system, which comprises a laser, a beam expanding collimation assembly, a 4f optical system, a first polaroid and a CCD (charge coupled device) camera, wherein the laser, the beam expanding collimation assembly, the 4f optical system, the first polaroid and the CCD camera are sequentially arranged along a light transmission direction, and the 4f optical system comprises a spatial light modulator, a first lens, a spatial filter, a second lens and a Lambertian grating along the light transmission direction; the beam expanding and collimating component comprises a pinhole filter and a third lens, the spatial light modulator comprises a holographic grating, the holographic grating is loaded with additional amplitude information and phase information, and the holographic grating carries more than two kinds of optical information. The vector holographic imaging display system can realize the reproduction of holograms containing more complex and completely different information, and provides a new method and a new way for generating rich hologram display; meanwhile, the vector holographic imaging display system is simple to operate, easy to master, low in cost and wide in application.
Description
Technical Field
The application belongs to the technical field of holographic display, and particularly relates to a vector holographic imaging display system.
Background
Holography is the method applied by Gabor in 1948, in which not only the amplitude but also the phase of the light field can be recorded. The term "holographic" incorporates a portion of two greek words: holos (meaning "complete") and graphein (meaning "writing or recording"), holography refers to the recording of complete information.
Thus, in the holographic process, the recording medium records the original complex amplitude, i.e., the amplitude and phase of the complex amplitude of the object wave. The result of the recorded intensity variation is now called a hologram. When the hologram is later properly illuminated, our eyes will observe the intensity produced by the same complex field.
As long as the exact complex field is recovered, we can observe the original complex field at a later time. The restored complex field retains the entire disparity and depth information like the original complex field and is interpreted by our brains as the same three-dimensional object.
Disclosure of Invention
It is an object of the present application to provide a vector holographic imaging display system that can generate simultaneous reproduction of holograms carrying different information.
The technical scheme adopted by the application for solving the technical problem is as follows: a vector holographic imaging display system comprises a laser, a beam expanding collimation assembly, a 4f optical system, a first polaroid and a CCD camera which are sequentially arranged along a light transmission direction, wherein the 4f optical system comprises a spatial light modulator, a first lens, a spatial filter, a second lens and a Lambertian grating along the light transmission direction; the beam expanding and collimating component comprises a pinhole filter and a third lens, the spatial light modulator comprises a holographic grating, the holographic grating is loaded with additional amplitude information and phase information, and the holographic grating carries more than two kinds of optical information.
Wherein, the CCD is a charge coupled device.
Wherein the holographic grating comprises a holographic grating for selecting an optical signal of an appearing pattern, letter or character.
Wherein the holographic grating is a computer generated holographic grating with transmittance function, and the transmittance function of the holographic grating is t (x, y) 1/2+ gamma [ a ]x(x,y)cos(2πf0x)+ay(x,y)cos(2πf0y)]/4, wherein t(x,y)Is a transmittance, f0Is the spatial frequency of the holographic grating, gamma is the modulation depth, ax(x，y)，ay(x, y) are additional information amplitude distributions applied to the horizontal and vertical holographic gratings, respectively.
Wherein, the light emitted by the laser passes through the spatial light modulator to generate a first diffractionThe first order diffraction generates four beams, and the four beams respectively carry a on the x axisxThe + -1 st diffraction order of (x, y), the y-axis carrying ay± 1 st order diffraction order of (x, y).
Wherein the spatial filter includes a first opening portion disposed along an x-axis and a second opening portion disposed along a y-axis, the x-axis and the y-axis are perpendicular, and the x-axis and the y-axis are perpendicular to the light transmission direction.
In one preferable embodiment, the spatial filter includes a second polarizing plate and a third polarizing plate, the first opening is provided in the second polarizing plate, the second opening is provided in the third polarizing plate, and the second polarizing plate and the third polarizing plate are orthogonally provided and bonded to each other to form the spatial filter.
As another preferable mode, the spatial filter includes a first quarter-wave plate and a second quarter-wave plate, the first opening portion is disposed on the first quarter-wave plate, the second opening portion is disposed on the second quarter-wave plate, and the first quarter-wave plate and the second quarter-wave plate are orthogonally disposed and attached to form the spatial filter.
Wherein the spatial light modulator is located on a front focal plane of the first lens, the spatial filter is disposed on a back focal plane of the first lens, the spatial filter is a Fourier plane of the second lens, and the Lambertian grating is located on the back focal plane of the second lens. The focal lengths of the first lens and the second lens are equal and are both f.
Wherein the angle of the first polarizer relative to the light transmission direction is adjustable, and the angle of the first polarizer is adjusted to control the reproduction images of the holograms which capture different amplitude information in the CCD camera.
Further, the display system further comprises an angle adjusting mechanism, wherein the angle adjusting mechanism is connected with the first polaroid and used for adjusting the angle of the first polaroid.
Further, display system still includes the diaphragm, the diaphragm set up in expand the beam collimation subassembly with between the spatial light modulator, the diaphragm is used for filtering the collimated light beam that the beam collimation subassembly sent expands to obtain the even facula of emergent light.
Further, the spatial light modulator may be loaded with any numerical hologram.
Further, the vector holographic imaging display system of the present application can simultaneously generate two different types of optical information or one type of optical information.
Furthermore, the intensity of each information can be adjusted and controlled according to the relative angle between the polarization direction of the orthogonal second polarizer and the orthogonal third polarizer, or the orthogonal first quarter-wave plate and the orthogonal second quarter-wave plate, and the polarization direction of the first polarizer after the first opening part and the second opening part are separated along the x axis and the y axis in the spatial filter.
Further, the spatial light modulator can be loaded with a computer hologram with additional amplitude and phase information, which can be etched into a grating containing the required information for displaying the specific complex optical information according to the actual requirement, thereby forming a separate display device.
Has the advantages that:
according to the vector holographic imaging display system, the holographic grating can be loaded with any numerical value holographic plate, more than two kinds of optical information are loaded on the holographic grating, and the intensity of the optical information can be adjusted by adjusting the angle between the first polaroid and the spatial filter so as to realize the reproduction of more complex holograms with completely different information, so that abundant holograms can be generated; the vector holographic imaging display system is specially used for displaying specific complex optical information, so that an independent display device is manufactured, reproduced holographic optical information can contain more than two kinds of information, different information including information intensity, types and number can be selectively displayed, and holograms carrying different information can be generated and reproduced at the same time; meanwhile, the vector holographic imaging display system is simple to operate, easy to master, low in cost and wide in application.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of optical information captured by a CCD camera of a vector holographic imaging display system according to a first embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of optical information captured by a CCD camera of a vector holographic imaging display system according to a second embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of optical information captured by a CCD camera of a vector holographic imaging display system according to a third embodiment of the present application;
fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of an embodiment of a vector holographic imaging display system according to the present application.
Among them, 10-laser; 20-a beam expanding collimation assembly; 30-4f optical system; 50-a first polarizer; 60-CCD camera; 11-a guide rail; 12-fixable slides; 13-an optical mount; 14-adjusting knob; 15-optical adjusting rod; 21-pinhole filter; 23-a third lens; 31-a spatial light modulator; 32-a first lens; 33-a spatial filter; 34-a second lens; 35-a lambertian grating; 341-first opening; 342-a second opening portion.
Detailed Description
The present application will now be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, whereby one skilled in the art can, with reference to the description, make an implementation.
It will be understood that terms such as "having," "including," and "comprising," as used herein, do not preclude the presence or addition of one or more other elements or groups thereof.
A vector holographic imaging display system, as shown in fig. 4, includes a laser 10, a beam expanding and collimating assembly 20, a 4f optical system 30, a first polarizer 50 and a CCD camera 60, which are arranged in sequence along a light transmission direction, wherein the 4f optical system 30 includes a spatial light modulator 31, a first lens 32, a spatial filter 33, a second lens 34 and a lambertian grating 35 along the light transmission direction; the spatial light modulator 31 includes a holographic grating, where the holographic grating is loaded with additional amplitude information and phase information, and the holographic grating carries more than two kinds of optical information.
In the vector holographic imaging display system of the embodiment of the application, any numerical value hologram can be loaded through the holographic grating, and the intensity of different optical information can be adjusted by loading more than two kinds of optical information and adjusting the angle between the first polarizing film 50 and the spatial filter 33, so that more complicated reproduction of holograms with completely different information can be realized, and abundant holograms can be generated; the vector holographic imaging display system is specially used for displaying specific complex optical information, so that an independent display device is manufactured, reproduced holographic optical information can contain more than two kinds of information, different information including information intensity, types and number can be selectively displayed, and holograms carrying different information can be generated and reproduced at the same time; meanwhile, the vector holographic imaging display system is simple to operate, easy to master, low in cost and wide in application.
The spatial light modulator 31 in the embodiment of the present application may be a digital holographic grating, and the spatial light modulator 31 includes an optical signal for selecting an appearing pattern, letter, or chinese character.
Further, the spatial filter 33 includes a first opening 341 disposed along an x-axis and a second opening 342 disposed along a y-axis, the x-axis and the y-axis are perpendicular, and the x-axis and the y-axis are perpendicular to the light transmission direction. By providing the first opening portion 341 and the second opening portion 342, the light beam can be diffracted by passing through the first opening portion and the second opening portion 342. In the embodiment of the present application, the x axis refers to the horizontal direction as shown in fig. 4, the y axis refers to the vertical direction, the z axis is the light transmission direction, and the z axis is perpendicular to the x axis and the y axis.
Specifically, in the embodiment of the present application, the spatial filter 33 includes a second polarizing plate and a third polarizing plate, the first opening portion 341 is disposed on the second polarizing plate, the second opening portion 342 is disposed on the third polarizing plate, and the second polarizing plate and the third polarizing plate are orthogonally disposed and bonded to form the spatial filter 33. In other embodiments, the spatial filter 33 may also include a first quarter-wave plate and a second quarter-wave plate, the first opening portion 341 is disposed on the first quarter-wave plate, the second opening portion 342 is disposed on the second quarter-wave plate, and the first quarter-wave plate and the second quarter-wave plate are orthogonally disposed and attached to form the spatial filter 33.
Specifically, in the embodiment of the present application, the laser 10 is used to generate a linearly polarized fundamental mode gaussian beam with a horizontal polarization direction, and as a preferred solution in the embodiment of the present application, the laser 10 is a He — Ne laser 10 with an emission wavelength of 632.8 nm.
In this embodiment of the present application, the beam expanding and collimating assembly 20 is configured to sequentially expand and collimate the laser generated by the laser 10, and specifically, the beam expanding and collimating assembly 20 in this embodiment of the present application is as close as possible to the laser 10. In this embodiment of the present application, the beam expanding and collimating assembly 20 includes a pinhole filter 21 and a third lens 23, where the pinhole filter 21 is disposed between the laser 10 and the third lens 23, the pinhole filter 21 is used for expanding a linear polarization fundamental mode gaussian beam emitted by the laser 10, and the third lens 23 is used for collimating the linear polarization fundamental mode gaussian beam expanded by the pinhole filter 21.
As another preferable solution in the embodiment of the present application, in order to filter out unwanted light to obtain a light spot with uniform emergent light, a diaphragm (not shown) is disposed between the third lens 23 and the spatial light modulator 31, and the diaphragm is used to filter the collimated light beam emitted by the beam expanding and collimating assembly 20, so as to constrain the light beam to obtain the light spot with uniform emergent light.
The holographic grating used by the spatial light modulator 31 in the embodiment of the present application is a calculated holographic grating HG generated by using a transmittance function computer, and we give the transmittance function of the holographic grating as:
t(x,y)＝1/2+γ[ax(x,y)cos(2πf0x)+ay(x,y)cos(2πf0y)]/4
wherein, t(x,y)Is a transmittance, f0Is the spatial frequency of the holographic grating and gamma is the modulation depth. a isx(x，y)，ay(x, y) are additional information amplitude distributions applied to the horizontal and vertical holographic gratings, respectively.
The light emitted by the laser 10 passes through the beam expanding and collimating assembly 20 to form a collimated light beam, and is irradiated to the holographic grating, and for linearly polarized light incident on the holographic grating, the first-order diffraction of the collimated light beam generates four light beams, namely a beam carrying a on the x axisxThe + -1 st diffraction order of (x, y), the y-axis carrying ay+ -1 st order of diffraction of (x, y)。
In the embodiment of the present application, the spatial light modulator 31 is located on the front focal plane of the first lens 32, the spatial filter 33 is disposed on the rear focal plane of the first lens 32, the spatial filter 33 is the fourier plane of the second lens 34, and the lambertian grating 35 is located on the rear focal plane of the second lens 34. The focal lengths of the first lens 32 and the second lens 34 are the same, and both are f. Illuminating the holographic grating through a first lens 32 and to a spatial filter 33, wherein the spatial filter 33 allows passage through a in the x-axis and y-axisx(x, y) and ayThe first diffraction order of (x, y), the light emitted from the second lens 34 passes through the combined beam of the lambertian grating 35, reaches the CCD camera 60 through the first polarizer 50, and obtains an image of the target shape generated by the target light beam matched with the stripe shape of the spatial light modulator 31 in the CCD camera 60.
The hologram may be loaded onto the spatial light modulator 31 for hologram reconstruction. The computer-generated hologram CGH has the following advantages: three-dimensional objects need not be present in the real world. That is, the object desired to be displayed may be fictional. However, the current holographic imaging is mostly based on scalar light field, that is, light containing only single polarization state information, that is, only one kind of light information. The vector holographic imaging display system is mainly based on different information carried by two orthogonal polarization states and comprises a vector holographic imaging display system with multiple information storage. More than two kinds of information can be simultaneously stored and different information including information intensity, types and information number can be selectively displayed.
In order to prevent the CCD camera 60 from capturing the unwanted off-axis light intensity distribution, in the embodiment of the present application, the distance between the CCD camera 60 and the lambertian grating 35 is less than or equal to 10 cm.
In the embodiment of the present application, the angle of the first polarizer 50 with respect to the light transmission direction is adjustable, and the angle of the polarizer is adjusted to control the CCD camera 60 to capture the reproduced images of holograms with different amplitude information. For example: when the first polarizer 50 is aligned with the polarization direction of the first polarizer 50 disposed behind the first opening 341 along the x-axis on the spatial filter 33, i.e., the first polarizer 50 is a horizontal polarizer, as shown in fig. 1, only the information component D along the x-direction in the input light field is obtained, in which the spatial light modulator 31 is loaded with a computer-generated holographic grating containing amplitude and polarization information, wherein the x-axis carries information about the D-letter and the y-axis carries information about the H-letter. In contrast, if the first polarizer 50 is polarized in the same direction as the first polarizer 50 disposed behind the second opening 342 along the y-axis on the spatial filter 33, i.e., the first polarizer 50 is a vertical polarizer, as shown in fig. 2, only the information component H in the y-direction in the input light field is obtained. If the polarization direction of the first polarizer 50 is different from the direction of the first polarizer 50 placed behind the spatial filter 33 at the first opening 341 and the second opening 342, the information of the reproduced hologram includes two kinds of information of D and H with different amplitudes, and the weight of the light intensity occupied by the specific information component D and the information component H is determined by the directions of the second polarizer and the third polarizer placed behind the first polarizer 50 and the spatial filter 33 at the first opening 341 and the second opening 342, for example, the included angle between the direction of the first polarizer 50 and the second polarizer and the third polarizer placed behind the spatial filter 33 at the first opening 341 and the second opening 342 is 45 degrees, that is, the polarization direction of the first polarizer 50 is in the middle of the polarization directions of the second polarizer and the third polarizer, then the information carried by the horizontal polarization component and the vertical polarization component is reproduced as shown in fig. 3, and the information component D and the information component H are overlapped by halving the light intensity, and so on. The above only shows the case where two orthogonal polarizing plates are placed in the first opening 341 and the second opening 342 after the spatial filter 33. Of course orthogonal first and second quarter wave plates may be placed.
In the embodiment of the present disclosure, the liquid crystal display device further includes an angle adjusting mechanism (not shown), where the angle adjusting mechanism is connected to the first polarizer 50 and is used to adjust an angle of the first polarizer 50. In the embodiment of the present application, the angle adjusting mechanism includes a driving mechanism (not shown) and a rotating mechanism (not shown), and the driving mechanism drives the rotating mechanism to rotate so as to drive the first polarizer 50 to rotate. By controlling the rotation of the first polarizer 50, two or more kinds of information components of different light intensities can be formed.
Further, the computer hologram loaded with additional amplitude and phase information by the spatial light modulator 31 can also be etched to contain the required information grating for displaying the specific complex optical information according to the actual requirement, thereby making a separate display device. The manufacturing process of the digital holographic grating wave plate as the spatial light modulator 31 comprises the following steps: firstly, simulating a digital holographic grating with a specific space and a specific stripe by using a spatial light modulator 31 or MATLAB, converting the digital holographic grating pattern into a binary optical grating pattern by using an MATLAB program, converting the binary optical grating pattern into a vector diagram which can be used for industrial processing, manufacturing a mask plate required by the grating by using the vector diagram, finally attaching the mask plate to a photoetching machine, and carrying out processes of cleaning, gluing, photoetching, etching and the like on JGS1 fused quartz to manufacture a digital holographic grating wave plate.
As a further preferred embodiment of the above embodiment, the system further comprises a height adjustment assembly, which comprises an optical guide rail 11, a fixable slide 12 on the guide rail 11, an optical bracket 13, an adjustment knob 14, and an optical adjustment lever 15. The knob 14 is rotated to drive the adjusting rod 15 to slide up and down along the vertical direction, so that the height of each component can be adjusted by the height adjusting component. The slide 12 comprises a number of corresponding fixed connections below the optical bracket 13. The sliding block 12 is connected to the guide rail 11 in a sliding mode, drives all devices on the height adjusting assembly to move integrally, and compared with a common optical platform, flexible, continuous and adjustable intervals among the devices in the same plane are achieved, so that stable imaging of subsequent light beams on the CCD camera 60 is guaranteed.
It should be noted here that when the laser 10, the beam expanding and collimating assembly 20, the spatial light modulator 31, the first lens 325, the spatial filter 33, the second lens 34, the lambertian grating 35, the first polarizer 50, and the CCD camera 60 are height-adjusted by the height adjusting assembly, the optical paths of these components should be on the same horizontal line.
Although the embodiments of the present application have been disclosed above, they are not limited to the applications listed in the description and the embodiments. It can be applied in all kinds of fields suitable for the present application. Additional modifications will readily occur to those skilled in the art. Therefore, the application is not limited to the specific details and illustrations shown and described herein, without departing from the general concept defined by the claims and their equivalents.
Claims (10)
1. The vector holographic imaging display system is characterized by comprising a laser (10), a beam expanding and collimating component (20), a 4f optical system (30), a first polaroid (50) and a CCD camera (60) which are sequentially arranged along a light transmission direction, wherein the 4f optical system (30) comprises a spatial light modulator (31), a first lens (32), a spatial filter (33), a second lens (34) and a Lambertian grating (35) along the light transmission direction; the beam expanding and collimating assembly (20) comprises a pinhole filter (21) and a third lens (23); the spatial light modulator (31) comprises a holographic grating, wherein the holographic grating is loaded with additional amplitude information and phase information, and the holographic grating carries more than two kinds of optical information.
2. The vector holographic imaging display system of claim 1, wherein the holographic grating contains optical information for selecting patterns, letters or characters to appear.
3. The vector holographic imaging display system of claim 1, wherein said holographic grating is a computed hologram grating computer generated using a transmittance function, said holographic grating having a transmittance function of t (x, y) 1/2+ γ [ a ]x(x,y)cos(2πf0x)+ay(x,y)cos(2πf0y)][ 4 ] where t (x, y) is the transmittance, f0Is the spatial frequency of the holographic grating, gamma is the modulation depth, ax(x，y)，ay(x, y) are additional information amplitude distributions applied to the horizontal and vertical holographic gratings, respectively.
4. The vector holographic imaging display system of claim 3, wherein the light from the laser (10) passes through the spatial light modulator (31) to produce a first order diffraction that produces four beams, each beam being on the x-axisCarry axThe + -1 st diffraction order of (x, y), the y-axis carrying ay± 1 st order diffraction order of (x, y).
5. The vector holographic imaging display system of claim 1, wherein the spatial filter (33) comprises a first aperture (341) disposed along an x-axis and a second aperture (342) disposed along a y-axis, the x-axis and the y-axis being perpendicular, and the x-axis and the y-axis being perpendicular to the light transmission direction.
6. The vector holographic imaging display system of claim 5, wherein the spatial filter (33) comprises a second polarizer and a third polarizer, the first opening portion (341) is disposed on the second polarizer, the second opening portion (342) is disposed on the third polarizer, and the second polarizer and the third polarizer are orthogonally disposed and bonded to form the spatial filter (33); or
The spatial filter (33) comprises a first quarter-wave plate and a second quarter-wave plate, the first opening portion (341) is arranged on the first quarter-wave plate, the second opening portion (342) is arranged on the second quarter-wave plate, and the first quarter-wave plate and the second quarter-wave plate are orthogonally arranged and attached to form the spatial filter (33).
7. The vector holographic imaging display system of claim 1, wherein the spatial light modulator (31) is located on a front focal surface of the first lens (32), the spatial filter (33) is disposed on a back focal surface of the first lens (32), the spatial filter (33) is a fourier plane of the second lens (34), and the lambertian grating (35) is located on a back focal surface of the second lens (34).
8. The vector holographic imaging display system of claim 1, wherein the angle of the first polarizer (50) with respect to the light transmission direction is adjustable, and the intensity of two or more types of light information is controlled by adjusting the angle of the polarizer to control the intensity of the light information to control the reproduction of holograms of different amplitude information captured in the CCD camera (60).
9. The vector holographic imaging display system of claim 1, further comprising an angle adjustment mechanism coupled to the first polarizer (50) for adjusting the angle of the first polarizer (50).
10. The vector holographic imaging display system according to claim 1, further comprising a diaphragm disposed between the beam expanding and collimating assembly (20) and the spatial light modulator (31), wherein the diaphragm is configured to filter the collimated light beam emitted from the beam expanding and collimating assembly (20) to obtain a uniform light spot of the emergent light.
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| CN117311007A (en) * | 2023-11-09 | 2023-12-29 | 曲阜师范大学 | Light field generating device and method with complex space structure based on light beam superposition principle |
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| CN117311007A (en) * | 2023-11-09 | 2023-12-29 | 曲阜师范大学 | Light field generating device and method with complex space structure based on light beam superposition principle |
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