CN111337412A - Multifunctional automatic flexible wall penetration tester and testing method thereof - Google Patents
Multifunctional automatic flexible wall penetration tester and testing method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN111337412A CN111337412A CN202010300062.XA CN202010300062A CN111337412A CN 111337412 A CN111337412 A CN 111337412A CN 202010300062 A CN202010300062 A CN 202010300062A CN 111337412 A CN111337412 A CN 111337412A
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- 230000035515 penetration Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 89
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 title claims description 117
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 120
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 116
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 81
- 239000004575 stone Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 238000010998 test method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 239000012466 permeate Substances 0.000 claims description 62
- 230000003204 osmotic effect Effects 0.000 claims description 39
- 239000002585 base Substances 0.000 claims description 34
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 27
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 25
- 239000004816 latex Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 229920000126 latex Polymers 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229920001971 elastomer Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910001385 heavy metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004973 liquid crystal related substance Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000000007 visual effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- VVQNEPGJFQJSBK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methyl methacrylate Chemical compound COC(=O)C(C)=C VVQNEPGJFQJSBK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 229920005372 Plexiglas® Polymers 0.000 claims 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 230000008595 infiltration Effects 0.000 abstract 2
- 238000001764 infiltration Methods 0.000 abstract 2
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 27
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 description 16
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 14
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000007596 consolidation process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000149 chemical water pollutant Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000002706 hydrostatic effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000012670 alkaline solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000004888 barrier function Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004927 clay Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002920 hazardous waste Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004154 testing of material Methods 0.000 description 1
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- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N15/00—Investigating characteristics of particles; Investigating permeability, pore-volume or surface-area of porous materials
- G01N15/08—Investigating permeability, pore-volume, or surface area of porous materials
- G01N15/082—Investigating permeability by forcing a fluid through a sample
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Abstract
A multifunctional automatic flexible wall penetration tester and a test method thereof are provided, a singlechip control system for controlling a hydraulic device to work and a data acquisition system for acquiring data are arranged in a control console, a cylindrical cavity, an upper cover and a base are connected through a sealing fixing piece, the upper cover is provided with an exhaust port, the base is provided with an inlet channel for communicating a penetrating fluid inlet, an outlet channel for a penetrating fluid outlet and a confining pressure channel for confining pressure applying ports, a sample platform, a permeable stone, filter paper, a sample and a hollow sample upper seat are sequentially arranged on the base in the cylindrical cavity from bottom to top, the inlet channel extends from the penetrating fluid inlet to the middle of the base and vertically penetrates through the sample base upwards, and the top end of the inlet channel is communicated with the outlet channel of the penetrating fluid outlet through; the first hydraulic outlet and the second hydraulic outlet are respectively connected with a water inlet and a confining pressure applying port of the penetrating fluid storage, and the penetrating fluid outlet of the penetrating fluid storage is connected with the penetrating fluid inlet. The invention has high automation degree of operation and high infiltration efficiency, and can simulate acid-base infiltration conditions.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a penetration tester, in particular to a multifunctional automatic flexible wall penetration tester and a testing method thereof, belonging to the technical field of geotechnical material testing.
Background
In engineering construction, the permeability coefficient is an important index for reflecting the permeability performance of the geotechnical material, and the permeability test is an important method for measuring the permeability coefficient, and most of the permeability tests are carried out by a permeability tester.
At present, the main permeability test instruments at home and abroad comprise a rigid wall permeameter and a flexible wall permeameter, but the rigid wall permeameter can test the permeability coefficient of a soil body with better permeability, only has a permeability function, has a single function, and has the advantages that the permeable liquid is water, the application scene is single, and the acid-base permeability condition cannot be simulated; in the test process of the rigid wall permeameter, a water permeable channel is easily formed between a test sample and the side wall of the permeameter, so that the problem of water leakage of the side wall of the permeameter is caused, and the test precision is seriously influenced; the flexible wall permeameter can well avoid the side leakage of the side surface of the sample in the test process, and the flexible wall permeameter has wide test range, not only can test the permeability coefficient of the sample with good permeability, but also can test the permeability coefficient of the sample with small permeability coefficient, such as clay, and the like, but the current flexible wall permeameter can not simulate the acid-base permeability condition and has limited application range to the treatment solution; and the existing flexible wall penetration tester is designed to be heavy, so that the occupied space is large, the operation of the tester is relatively original, the automation degree is low, the manual strength is high, the workload of a tester is large, the penetration efficiency is low, the penetration pressure is low, the tester is suitable for a single group, and the requirements of various workers cannot be met.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a multifunctional automatic flexible wall penetration tester and a test method thereof, which have the advantages of simple structure, high automation degree of operation, improvement of penetration efficiency and reduction of workload of workers, and the tester can be applied to various environments and various test conditions and can simulate acid-base penetration conditions.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides a multifunctional automatic flexible wall penetration tester which comprises a control console, wherein a singlechip control system capable of controlling a hydraulic device to work and a data acquisition system for acquiring data are arranged in the control console;
the osmotic test device is characterized by also comprising an osmotic fluid storage and an osmotic test cavity, wherein the osmotic fluid storage is of a tubular structure, the pipe wall of the osmotic fluid storage is a visual acid-base-resistant pipe wall, the side surface of the bottom of the osmotic fluid storage is provided with a water inlet of the osmotic fluid storage, the side surface of the top of the osmotic fluid storage is provided with an osmotic fluid outlet of the osmotic fluid storage, and a movable piston is arranged between the water inlet of the osmotic;
the penetration test cavity is a sealing structure consisting of an upper cover, a base and a cylindrical cavity, the cylindrical cavity and the upper cover base are connected through a sealing fixing piece, the cylindrical cavity is a visible side wall, the upper cover is provided with an air outlet, the base is respectively provided with an inlet channel for communicating the penetrating fluid inlet, an outlet channel for communicating the penetrating fluid outlet and a confining pressure channel for confining pressure applying openings, a sample table is arranged at the middle position of the upper part of the base, a sample is arranged on the sample table, the permeable stone, the filter paper, the sample, the filter paper, the permeable stone and the hollow sample upper seat from bottom to top in sequence during the test, the filter paper is symmetrically arranged at two sides of the sample, the permeable stones are symmetrically arranged at two sides of the filter paper, the inlet channel extends from the penetrating fluid inlet to the middle of the base and vertically penetrates through the sample table upwards, the upper part of the penetrating fluid calandria is connected with the upper seat of the hollow sample through a hollow solenoid, and the bottom of the penetrating fluid calandria is connected with the solution channel in the base through the hollow solenoid and then leads to the solution channel of the penetrating fluid outlet;
the first hydraulic outlet and the second hydraulic outlet are respectively connected with a water inlet and a confining pressure applying port of the penetrating fluid storage through pipelines, and the penetrating fluid outlet of the penetrating fluid storage is connected with the penetrating fluid inlet through a pipeline.
In order to realize the sealing connection of the whole tester, the side wall of the top end and the side wall of the bottom end of the cylindrical cavity are respectively and correspondingly embedded into the grooves of the upper cover and the base, and the connecting part of the cylindrical cavity is provided with a sealing ring.
In order to further enhance the sealing performance and stability of the penetration test cavity, the bottom end and the top end of the sealing fixing piece are both provided with threads, the threads at the bottom end are matched with threaded holes in the base, and the threads at the top end are fixed on the upper cover through a nut.
In order to better fix the latex film wrapped outside the sample, the side walls of the upper seat and the sample table of the hollow sample are respectively provided with a fixing groove for fixing the latex film.
In order to expand the test range of the invention, the penetrating fluid storage and the cylindrical cavity are made of organic glass, the penetrating fluid calandria is made of a soft rubber pipe, and other parts in contact with the penetrating solution are made of 904L stainless steel, so that the penetrating fluid calandria can adapt to the penetration test of strong acid and strong alkali environments, and can also be used for multiple-function penetration such as the penetration analysis of a polluted liquid, the research on the pollution barrier property of a material and the like.
The invention sets USB interface and power interface on the side of the control console, connects the computer with the USB interface of the control console through data line, realizes the direct control of the tester through computer software, the computer software can control the applied osmotic pressure, sample consolidation pressure and confining pressure, accurately records the osmotic water quantity, directly shows the test progress and obtains the osmotic result.
A test method of a multifunctional automatic flexible wall penetration tester comprises the following steps:
① inspecting the tester and checking the amount of water in the hydraulic device;
② filling the permeate reservoir with permeate;
③ placing a sample between the upper and lower permeable stones, placing filter paper between the sample and the permeable stones, wrapping the sample with a latex film, and fixing the upper and lower ends of the latex film through fixing grooves;
④ connecting the first hydraulic outlet with the water inlet of the penetrating fluid storage through a pipeline for osmotic pressure loading, connecting the second hydraulic outlet with the confining pressure applying port through a pipeline for sample confining pressure loading, and connecting the penetrating fluid outlet of the penetrating fluid storage with the penetrating fluid inlet through a pipeline for providing penetrating fluid for the osmotic test chamber;
⑤ before the test, opening an exhaust port of the penetration test cavity, controlling a second hydraulic outlet of the hydraulic device to inject water to a confining pressure applying port of the penetration test cavity through the single chip microcomputer control system, emptying internal gas after the penetration test cavity is filled with water, closing the exhaust port, then applying sample confining pressure, controlling the second hydraulic outlet of the hydraulic device to continuously inject water to the confining pressure applying port of the penetration test cavity through the single chip microcomputer control system, and ensuring that the internal confining pressure of the penetration test cavity is always higher than the penetration pressure in the test process;
⑥ controlling the first hydraulic outlet of the hydraulic device to inject water into the water inlet of the penetrating fluid storage via the single-chip microcomputer control system, thereby pushing the penetrating fluid to enter the inlet channel via the penetrating fluid inlet of the penetration test chamber, vertically pass through the sample upwards, enter the solution channel of the penetrating fluid calandria, and discharge from the penetrating fluid outlet;
⑦ the penetration amount of the whole process is calculated by the propulsion amount of the hydraulic device controlled by the single chip microcomputer control system and automatically collected.
The penetration tester has wide application range of penetrating fluid, and the penetrating fluid can be applied to strong acid, strong alkali solution, corrosive solution, heavy metal polluted solution, environment-friendly penetrating fluid and the like.
Compared with the prior art, the single chip microcomputer control system capable of controlling the two hydraulic devices to work is arranged in the console, the input, the output and the adjustment of parameters in the test process are realized through the liquid crystal control panel, the first hydraulic outlet is connected with the water inlet of the penetrating fluid storage through a pipeline and is used for osmotic pressure loading, the second hydraulic outlet is connected with the confining pressure applying port through a pipeline and is used for sample confining pressure loading, and the penetrating fluid outlet of the penetrating fluid storage is connected with the penetrating fluid inlet through a pipeline and is used for providing penetrating fluid for the osmotic test cavity; the penetrating fluid storage device indirectly stores non-aqueous penetrating fluid, such as strong acid, strong alkali, strong corrosivity and high polluting solution, solves the problem of single function of the penetration tester in the prior art, can be applied to various environments and various test conditions, and can simulate acid-base penetration conditions; before the test, opening an exhaust port of the penetration test cavity, controlling a second hydraulic outlet of the hydraulic device to inject water to a confining pressure applying port of the penetration test cavity through a single chip microcomputer control system, emptying internal gas after the penetration test cavity is filled with water, closing the exhaust port, then applying sample confining pressure, controlling the second hydraulic outlet of the hydraulic device to continuously inject water to the confining pressure applying port of the penetration test cavity through the single chip microcomputer control system, and ensuring that the internal confining pressure of the penetration test cavity is always higher than the penetration pressure in the test process; the water inlet of the penetrating fluid storage is injected with water through a first hydraulic outlet of the single chip microcomputer control system, so that the penetrating fluid is pushed to vertically pass through the sample upwards after entering the inlet channel through the penetrating fluid inlet of the penetration test cavity, enters the penetrating fluid discharge pipe, flows to the penetrating fluid outlet through the outlet channel communicated with the penetrating fluid discharge pipe and is discharged; the seepage of the whole process is calculated by controlling the propulsion of the hydraulic device through the single chip microcomputer control system, and the automatic collection is realized, the automation degree of the whole operation is high, the collected data is accurate, the error is small, and the workload of workers can be reduced while the seepage efficiency is improved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the construction of the console and hydraulic apparatus of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the permeate accumulator of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic three-dimensional structure of a permeation test chamber according to the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the internal structure of the permeation test chamber of the present invention.
In the figure: 1. a console, 2, a hydraulic device, 2.1, a first hydraulic outlet, 2.2, a second hydraulic outlet, 3, a control panel, 4, a slider, 5, a guide rail, 6, a permeate storage, 6.1, a permeate storage water inlet, 6.2, a permeate storage permeate outlet, 6.3, a piston, 7.1, an upper cover, 7.2, a base, 7.3, an exhaust port, 7.4, a permeate inlet, 7.5, a permeate outlet, 7.6, a confining pressure applying port, 7.7, a sample stage, 7.8, a permeable stone, 7.9, a filter paper, 7.10, a hollow sample upper seat, 7.11, an inlet channel, 7.12, an outlet channel, 7.13, a permeate discharge pipe, 7.14, a sealing ring, 7.15, a sealing fixing piece, 7.16, and a fixing groove.
Detailed Description
The invention will be further explained with reference to the drawings.
As shown in fig. 1-4, a multifunctional automatic flexible wall penetration tester comprises a console 1, a single chip microcomputer control system capable of controlling a hydraulic device 2 to work and a data acquisition system for acquiring data are arranged in the console 1, the hydraulic device 2 is divided into two paths, a liquid crystal control panel 3 is arranged on the surface of the console 1, the two paths of hydraulic devices 2 are respectively matched with a guide rail 5 arranged on the console 1 through sliders 4 arranged at the bottoms of the two paths of hydraulic devices 2 to realize sliding, and the two paths of hydraulic devices 2 are respectively and correspondingly provided with a first hydraulic outlet 2.1 and a second hydraulic outlet; the single chip microcomputer control system is an existing single chip microcomputer, and only needs to control the hydraulic device 2 to apply hydraulic pressure, the hydraulic device 2 is a common hydraulic cylinder, and the hydraulic pressure can be applied to the subsequent test process through the control of the single chip microcomputer control system; the maximum pressure of the hydraulic device 2 can reach 5Mpa, a penetration test can be carried out when the pressure is less than 100kpa, a hydrostatic test for the geotechnical material can be carried out when the pressure is between 100kpa and 0.6Mpa, the hydraulic device can be applied to a breakdown test of the material under the condition of high pressure of more than 1Mpa, the test environments are various, different environment condition tests can be simulated respectively, and the requirements of various environments on the pressure are met;
the device also comprises a penetrating fluid storage 6 and a penetration test cavity, wherein the penetrating fluid storage 6 is of a tubular structure, the pipe wall of the penetrating fluid storage 6 can be seen as an acid-base-resistant pipe wall, the penetrating fluid storage 6 is used for indirectly storing non-water penetrating fluid, such as strong acid, strong base, strong corrosive solution and high polluting solution, a penetrating fluid storage water inlet 6.1 is arranged on the side surface of the bottom of the penetrating fluid storage 6, a penetrating fluid storage penetrating fluid outlet 6.2 is arranged on the side surface of the top of the penetrating fluid storage 6, a movable piston 6.3 is arranged between the penetrating fluid storage water inlet 6.1 and the penetrating fluid storage penetrating fluid outlet 6.2, the piston 6.3 is used for preventing the penetrating fluid from entering a lower cavity of the penetrating fluid storage 6 in the test process, and meanwhile, the water;
the penetration test cavity is a sealing structure consisting of an upper cover 7.1, a base 7.2 and a cylindrical cavity, the upper cover 7.1 and the base 7.2 are connected through a sealing fixing piece 7.15, the cylindrical cavity is a visible side wall, an exhaust port 7.3 is arranged on the upper cover 7.1, an inlet channel 7.11 for communicating a penetrating fluid inlet 7.4, an outlet channel 7.12 for a penetrating fluid outlet 7.5 and a confining pressure channel for confining pressure applying ports 7.6 are respectively arranged in the base 7.2, a sample table 7.7 is arranged at the middle position of the upper part of the base 7.2, during test, a sample is arranged on the sample table 7.7, a permeable stone 7.8, filter paper 7.9, a sample, a penetrating fluid, a permeable stone 7.9, a permeable stone 7.8 and a hollow sample upper seat 7.10 in sequence from bottom to top, the filter paper 7.9 is symmetrically arranged on two sides of the sample, the permeable stone 7.8 is symmetrically arranged on two sides of the sample table 7.9, the inlet channel 7.11 extends from the middle of the base 7.4 to the middle of the, the upper part of the penetrating fluid calandria 7.13 is connected with the hollow sample upper seat 7.10 through a hollow solenoid, and the bottom part of the penetrating fluid calandria is connected with a solution channel in the base through the hollow solenoid and then leads to a solution channel of a penetrating fluid outlet 7.5;
the first hydraulic outlet 2.1 and the second hydraulic outlet 2.2 are respectively connected with a water inlet 6.1 of a penetrating fluid storage and a confining pressure applying opening 7.6 through pipelines, and the penetrating fluid outlet 6.2 of the penetrating fluid storage is connected with a penetrating fluid inlet 7.4 through a pipeline.
The top end side wall and the bottom end side wall of the cylindrical cavity are correspondingly embedded into the grooves of the upper cover and the base respectively, and a sealing ring 7.14 is arranged at the joint of the top end side wall and the bottom end side wall.
The bottom and the top of the sealing and fixing piece 7.15 are both provided with threads, the threads at the bottom are matched with the threaded holes on the base 7.2, and the threads at the top are fixed on the upper cover 7.1 through nuts.
The side walls of the hollow sample upper seat 7.10 and the sample table 7.7 are provided with fixing grooves 7.16 for fixing the latex film.
The penetrating fluid storage 6 and the cylindrical cavity are made of organic glass, the penetrating fluid calandria 7.13 is a flexible rubber pipe, and other parts in contact with the penetrating solution are made of 904L stainless steel.
The side surface of the control console 1 is provided with a USB interface and a power interface, a computer is connected with the USB interface of the control console 1 through a data line, and the tester is directly controlled through computer software.
A test method of a multifunctional automatic flexible wall penetration tester comprises the following steps:
① inspecting the tester and checking the amount of water in the hydraulic device 2;
② filling the permeate reservoir 6 with permeate;
③ placing the sample between the upper and lower permeable stones 7.8, placing filter paper 7.9 between the sample and the permeable stones 7.8, wrapping the sample with latex film, and fixing the upper and lower ends of the latex film through fixing grooves 7.16;
④ the first hydraulic outlet 2.1 is connected with the water inlet 6.1 of the permeate storage through a pipeline for loading osmotic pressure, the second hydraulic outlet 2.2 is connected with the confining pressure applying port 7.6 through a pipeline for loading sample confining pressure, the permeate outlet 6.2 of the permeate storage is connected with the permeate inlet 7.4 through a pipeline for providing permeate for the osmotic test chamber;
⑤ before the test, opening an exhaust port 7.3 of the penetration test cavity, controlling a second hydraulic pressure outlet 2.2 of the hydraulic device 2 to inject water into a confining pressure applying port 7.6 of the penetration test cavity through the single chip microcomputer control system, emptying internal gas after the penetration test cavity is filled with water, closing the exhaust port 7.3, then applying sample confining pressure, controlling the second hydraulic pressure outlet 2.2 of the hydraulic device 2 to continuously inject water into the confining pressure applying port 7.6 of the penetration test cavity through the single chip microcomputer control system, and ensuring that the internal confining pressure of the penetration test cavity is always higher than the penetration pressure in the test process;
⑥ controlling the first hydraulic outlet 2.2 of the hydraulic device 2 to fill the water inlet 6.1 of the permeate storage 6 with water by the single chip microcomputer control system, thereby pushing the permeate to enter the inlet channel 7.11 through the permeate inlet 7.4 of the permeation test chamber, then vertically upwards pass through the sample, enter the solution channel of the permeate discharge pipe 7.13 and be discharged from the permeate outlet 7.5;
⑦ the penetration amount of the whole process is calculated by the propulsion amount of the hydraulic device controlled by the single chip microcomputer control system and automatically collected.
The penetrating fluid is strong acid, strong alkali solution, corrosive solution and heavy metal polluted solution.
Example 1
① checking the tester, and checking the water quantity in the hydraulic device 2, wherein the water quantity in the hydraulic device 2 can be seen by controlling the propelling length of a hydraulic rod of the hydraulic device 2 through a singlechip control system, and the water in the hydraulic device 2 is required to be provided by an external water source before the test;
② the penetrating fluid storage 6 is filled with penetrating fluid, because the penetrating fluid except water is not suitable for direct storage in the hydraulic device 2, especially strong acid, strong base, corrosion resistant solution, the penetrating fluid storage 6 is added as indirect storage non-water penetrating fluid;
③ placing the sample between the upper and lower permeable stones 7.8, placing filter paper 7.9 between the sample and the permeable stones 7.8, wrapping the sample with latex film, and fixing the upper and lower ends of the latex film through fixing grooves 7.16;
④ the first hydraulic outlet 2.1 is connected with the water inlet 6.1 of the permeate storage through a pipeline for loading osmotic pressure, the second hydraulic outlet 2.2 is connected with the confining pressure applying port 7.6 through a pipeline for loading sample confining pressure, the permeate outlet 6.2 of the permeate storage is connected with the permeate inlet 7.4 through a pipeline for providing permeate for the osmotic test chamber;
⑤ before the test, opening an exhaust port 7.3 of the penetration test cavity, controlling a second hydraulic pressure outlet 2.2 of the hydraulic device 2 to inject water into a confining pressure applying port 7.6 of the penetration test cavity through the single chip microcomputer control system, emptying internal gas after the penetration test cavity is filled with water, closing the exhaust port 7.3, then applying sample confining pressure, controlling the second hydraulic pressure outlet 2.2 of the hydraulic device 2 to continuously inject water into the confining pressure applying port 7.6 of the penetration test cavity through the single chip microcomputer control system, and ensuring that the internal confining pressure of the penetration test cavity is always higher than the penetration pressure in the test process;
⑥ controlling the first hydraulic outlet 2.2 of the hydraulic device 2 to fill the water inlet 6.1 of the permeate storage 6 with water by the single chip microcomputer control system, thereby pushing the permeate to enter the inlet channel 7.11 through the permeate inlet 7.4 of the permeation test chamber, then vertically upwards pass through the sample, enter the solution channel of the permeate discharge pipe 7.13 and be discharged from the permeate outlet 7.5;
⑦ the penetration amount of the whole process is calculated by the propulsion amount of the hydraulic device controlled by the single chip microcomputer control system and automatically collected.
In the test process, the confining pressure value of the geotechnical material is always kept to be greater than the osmotic pressure of 50 kPa; for soil materials, the confining pressure can be adjusted to the consolidation pressure corresponding to the sample, and in the test process, the confining pressure is also kept to be always greater than the osmotic pressure value by more than 50kPa, and the osmotic solution is not limited.
Example 2
①, checking the tester, checking the water quantity in the hydraulic device 2, and controlling the propelling length of a hydraulic rod of the hydraulic device 2 through a singlechip control system, wherein the water in the hydraulic device 2 is required to be provided by an external water source before the test;
② the penetrating fluid storage 6 is filled with penetrating fluid, because the penetrating fluid except water is not suitable for direct storage in the hydraulic device 2, especially strong acid, strong base, corrosion resistant solution, the penetrating fluid storage 6 is added as indirect storage non-water penetrating fluid;
③ placing the sample between the upper and lower permeable stones 7.8, placing filter paper 7.9 between the sample and the permeable stones 7.8, wrapping the sample with latex film, and fixing the upper and lower ends of the latex film through fixing grooves 7.16;
④ the first hydraulic outlet 2.1 is connected with the water inlet 6.1 of the permeate storage through a pipeline for loading osmotic pressure, the second hydraulic outlet 2.2 is connected with the confining pressure applying port 7.6 through a pipeline for loading sample confining pressure, the permeate outlet 6.2 of the permeate storage is connected with the permeate inlet 7.4 through a pipeline for providing permeate for the osmotic test chamber;
⑤ before the test, opening an exhaust port 7.3 of the penetration test cavity, controlling a second hydraulic pressure outlet 2.2 of the hydraulic device 2 to inject water into a confining pressure applying port 7.6 of the penetration test cavity through the single chip microcomputer control system, emptying internal gas after the penetration test cavity is filled with water, closing the exhaust port 7.3, then applying sample confining pressure, controlling the second hydraulic pressure outlet 2.2 of the hydraulic device 2 to continuously inject water into the confining pressure applying port 7.6 of the penetration test cavity through the single chip microcomputer control system, and ensuring that the internal confining pressure of the penetration test cavity is always higher than the penetration pressure in the test process;
⑥ controlling the first hydraulic outlet 2.2 of the hydraulic device 2 to fill the water inlet 6.1 of the permeate storage 6 with water by the single chip microcomputer control system, thereby pushing the permeate to enter the inlet channel 7.11 through the permeate inlet 7.4 of the permeation test chamber, then vertically upwards pass through the sample, enter the solution channel of the permeate discharge pipe 7.13 and be discharged from the permeate outlet 7.5;
⑦ the penetration amount of the whole process is calculated by the propulsion amount of the hydraulic device controlled by the single chip microcomputer control system and automatically collected.
In the test process, the confining pressure value of the geotechnical material is always kept to be greater than the osmotic pressure of 50 kPa; for soil materials, the confining pressure can be adjusted to the consolidation pressure corresponding to the sample, and in the test process, the confining pressure is also kept to be always greater than the osmotic pressure value by more than 50kPa, and the osmotic solution is not limited.
Example 3
When the pressure of the hydraulic device 2 is higher than 1Mpa, the method can be applied to the breakdown test of materials, and the specific penetration test steps are as follows:
① checking the tester and checking the water quantity in the hydraulic device 2, the water quantity in the hydraulic device 2 can be seen by controlling the propelling length of the hydraulic rod of the hydraulic device 2 through the singlechip control system, and the water in the hydraulic device 2 is required to be provided by an external water source before the test;
② the penetrating fluid storage 6 is filled with penetrating fluid, because the penetrating fluid except water is not suitable for direct storage in the hydraulic device 2, especially strong acid, strong base, corrosion resistant solution, the penetrating fluid storage 6 is added as indirect storage non-water penetrating fluid;
③ placing the sample between the upper and lower permeable stones 7.8, placing filter paper 7.9 between the sample and the permeable stones 7.8, wrapping the sample with latex film, and fixing the upper and lower ends of the latex film through fixing grooves 7.16;
④ the first hydraulic outlet 2.1 is connected with the water inlet 6.1 of the permeate storage through a pipeline for loading osmotic pressure, the second hydraulic outlet 2.2 is connected with the confining pressure applying port 7.6 through a pipeline for loading sample confining pressure, the permeate outlet 6.2 of the permeate storage is connected with the permeate inlet 7.4 through a pipeline for providing permeate for the osmotic test chamber;
⑤ before the test, opening an exhaust port 7.3 of the penetration test cavity, controlling a second hydraulic pressure outlet 2.2 of the hydraulic device 2 to inject water into a confining pressure applying port 7.6 of the penetration test cavity through the single chip microcomputer control system, emptying internal gas after the penetration test cavity is filled with water, closing the exhaust port 7.3, then applying sample confining pressure, controlling the second hydraulic pressure outlet 2.2 of the hydraulic device 2 to continuously inject water into the confining pressure applying port 7.6 of the penetration test cavity through the single chip microcomputer control system, and ensuring that the internal confining pressure of the penetration test cavity is always higher than the penetration pressure in the test process;
⑥ controlling the first hydraulic outlet 2.2 of the hydraulic device 2 to fill the water inlet 6.1 of the permeate storage 6 with water by the single chip microcomputer control system, thereby pushing the permeate to enter the inlet channel 7.11 through the permeate inlet 7.4 of the permeation test chamber, then vertically upwards pass through the sample, enter the solution channel of the permeate discharge pipe 7.13 and be discharged from the permeate outlet 7.5;
⑦ the penetration amount of the whole process is calculated by the propulsion amount of the hydraulic device controlled by the single chip microcomputer control system and automatically collected.
For many materials considering the anti-seepage requirement, in the actual use process, the osmotic head may be far greater than the osmotic pressure required by the design, even exceeds the requirement of the hydrostatic pressure resistance value required by the design, so that the partial materials have the breakdown phenomenon under the condition of high water head, and the materials completely lose the anti-seepage performance. The device increases the ultra-high water head pressure environment for simulating the breakdown phenomenon of the material under the high water head, and provides guidance for actual design and construction. When the pressure (osmotic pressure) of the hydraulic device 2 is higher than 1Mpa, the hydraulic device can be applied to the breakdown test of the material, the specific osmotic test steps can also refer to the test method of the invention, the confining pressure condition can be considered as consolidation pressure, but the confining pressure value is always kept to be higher than the osmotic pressure by more than 50kPa in the test process. The penetrating solution can be considered as on-site penetrating liquid, such as strong acid, strong alkaline solution or landfill leachate and hazardous waste landfill leachate, and various harsh test conditions are met.
Claims (9)
1. A multifunctional automatic flexible wall penetration tester comprises a control console (1), wherein a single chip microcomputer control system capable of controlling a hydraulic device (2) to work and a data acquisition system for acquiring data are arranged in the control console (1), and the hydraulic device (2) is divided into two paths, and is characterized in that a liquid crystal control panel (3) is arranged on the surface of the control console (1), the two paths of hydraulic devices (2) are respectively matched with a guide rail (5) arranged on the control console (1) through a sliding block (4) arranged at the bottom of the two paths of hydraulic devices to realize sliding, and the two paths of hydraulic devices (2) are respectively and correspondingly provided with a first hydraulic outlet (2.1) and a second hydraulic outlet (2.2);
the device is characterized by also comprising a penetrating fluid storage (6) and a penetration test cavity, wherein the penetrating fluid storage (6) is of a tubular structure, the pipe wall of the penetrating fluid storage is a visual acid-base resistant pipe wall, a penetrating fluid storage water inlet (6.1) is arranged on the side surface of the bottom of the penetrating fluid storage (6), a penetrating fluid storage penetrating fluid outlet (6.2) is arranged on the side surface of the top of the penetrating fluid storage, and a movable piston (6.3) is arranged between the penetrating fluid storage water inlet (6.1) and the penetrating fluid storage penetrating fluid outlet;
the penetration test cavity is a sealing structure consisting of an upper cover (7.1), a base (7.2) and a cylindrical cavity, the upper cover (7.1) and the base (7.2) are connected through a sealing fixing piece (7.15), the cylindrical cavity is a visible side wall, an exhaust port (7.3) is arranged on the upper cover (7.1), an inlet channel (7.11) used for communicating a penetrating fluid inlet (7.4), an outlet channel (7.12) of a penetrating fluid outlet (7.5) and a confining pressure channel of a confining pressure applying port (7.6) are respectively arranged in the base (7.2), a sample table (7.7) is arranged in the middle position of the upper part of the base (7.2), during test, the sample is mounted on the sample table (7.7), a permeable stone (7.8), filter paper (7.9), sample, filter paper (7.9), a permeable stone (7.8) and a hollow upper seat (7.10) from bottom to top, the two sides of the sample (7.9) are symmetrically arranged on two sides of the sample table (7.7.8), an inlet channel (7.11) extends from a penetrating fluid inlet (7.4) to the middle of the base (7.2) and vertically penetrates through the sample table (7.7) upwards, the upper part of a penetrating fluid calandria (7.13) is connected with the upper seat (7.10) of the hollow sample through a hollow solenoid, and the bottom of the penetrating fluid calandria is connected with a solution channel in the base through the hollow solenoid and then leads to a solution channel of a penetrating fluid outlet (7.5);
the first hydraulic outlet (2.1) and the second hydraulic outlet (2.2) are respectively connected with a water inlet (6.1) and a confining pressure applying port (7.6) of the penetrating fluid storage through pipelines, and the penetrating fluid outlet (6.2) of the penetrating fluid storage is connected with a penetrating fluid inlet (7.4) through a pipeline.
2. The multifunctional automated flexible wall penetration tester according to claim 1, wherein the top side wall and the bottom side wall of the cylindrical cavity are respectively embedded into the grooves of the upper cover and the base, and a sealing ring (7.14) is arranged at the joint of the top side wall and the bottom side wall.
3. The multifunctional automated flexible wall penetration tester according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the bottom end and the top end of the sealing and fixing member (7.15) are provided with threads, the threads at the bottom end are matched with the threaded holes on the base (7.2), and the threads at the top end are fixed on the upper cover (7.1) through a nut.
4. The multifunctional automatic flexible wall penetration tester according to claim 3, wherein the side walls of the hollow sample upper seat (7.10) and the sample table (7.7) are provided with fixing grooves (7.16) for fixing the latex film.
5. The multifunctional automated flexible wall penetration tester according to claim 3, wherein the permeate reservoir (6) and the cylindrical cavity are made of plexiglass, the permeate discharge pipe (7.13) is a flexible rubber hose, and other components in contact with the permeate solution are made of 904L stainless steel.
6. The multifunctional automated flexible wall penetration tester according to claim 3, wherein a USB interface and a power interface are arranged on the side surface of the console (1).
7. A multifunctional automated flexible wall penetration tester according to claim 6, characterized in that the computer is connected with the USB interface of the console (1) through a data line, and the tester can be directly controlled through computer software.
8. A test method of a multifunctional automatic flexible wall penetration tester is characterized by comprising the following steps:
① inspecting the tester and checking the water quantity in the hydraulic device (2);
② filling the permeate reservoir (6) with permeate;
③ placing the sample between the upper and lower permeable stones (7.8), placing filter paper (7.9) between the sample and the permeable stones (7.8), wrapping the sample with a latex film, and fixing the upper and lower ends of the latex film through fixing grooves (7.16);
④ connecting the first hydraulic outlet (2.1) with the water inlet (6.1) of the permeate storage through a pipeline for osmotic pressure loading, connecting the second hydraulic outlet (2.2) with the confining pressure applying port (7.6) through a pipeline for sample confining pressure loading, and connecting the permeate outlet (6.2) of the permeate storage with the permeate inlet (7.4) through a pipeline for providing permeate for the osmotic test chamber;
⑤ before the test, opening an exhaust port (7.3) of the penetration test cavity, controlling a second hydraulic outlet (2.2) of the hydraulic device (2) to inject water into a confining pressure applying port (7.6) of the penetration test cavity through the single chip microcomputer control system, emptying internal gas after the penetration test cavity is filled with water, closing the exhaust port (7.3), then applying sample confining pressure, controlling the second hydraulic outlet (2.2) of the hydraulic device (2) to continuously inject water into the confining pressure applying port (7.6) of the penetration test cavity through the single chip microcomputer control system, and ensuring that the internal confining pressure of the penetration test cavity is always higher than the penetration pressure in the test process;
⑥ controlling the first hydraulic outlet (2.2) of the hydraulic device (2) to fill the water inlet (6.1) of the penetrant storage (6) through the singlechip control system, thereby pushing the penetrant to enter the inlet channel (7.11) through the penetrant inlet (7.4) of the penetration test cavity, then vertically and upwards pass through the sample, enter the solution channel of the penetrant calandria (7.13), and then be discharged from the penetrant outlet (7.5);
⑦ the penetration amount of the whole process is calculated by the propulsion amount of the hydraulic device controlled by the single chip microcomputer control system and automatically collected.
9. The testing method of the multifunctional automated flexible wall penetration tester according to claim 8, wherein the penetrating fluid can be strong acid, strong alkali solution, corrosive solution, heavy metal contaminated solution, environmental protection leachate.
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Application publication date: 20200626 |