CN111336142A - Crane hydraulic system and crane - Google Patents
Crane hydraulic system and crane Download PDFInfo
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- CN111336142A CN111336142A CN202010172242.4A CN202010172242A CN111336142A CN 111336142 A CN111336142 A CN 111336142A CN 202010172242 A CN202010172242 A CN 202010172242A CN 111336142 A CN111336142 A CN 111336142A
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- oil
- valve
- crane
- passage
- telescopic
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
- F15B—SYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F15B11/00—Servomotor systems without provision for follow-up action; Circuits therefor
- F15B11/003—Systems with load-holding valves
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
- B66C—CRANES; LOAD-ENGAGING ELEMENTS OR DEVICES FOR CRANES, CAPSTANS, WINCHES, OR TACKLES
- B66C23/00—Cranes comprising essentially a beam, boom, or triangular structure acting as a cantilever and mounted for translatory of swinging movements in vertical or horizontal planes or a combination of such movements, e.g. jib-cranes, derricks, tower cranes
- B66C23/62—Constructional features or details
- B66C23/64—Jibs
- B66C23/70—Jibs constructed of sections adapted to be assembled to form jibs or various lengths
- B66C23/701—Jibs constructed of sections adapted to be assembled to form jibs or various lengths telescopic
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
- B66C—CRANES; LOAD-ENGAGING ELEMENTS OR DEVICES FOR CRANES, CAPSTANS, WINCHES, OR TACKLES
- B66C23/00—Cranes comprising essentially a beam, boom, or triangular structure acting as a cantilever and mounted for translatory of swinging movements in vertical or horizontal planes or a combination of such movements, e.g. jib-cranes, derricks, tower cranes
- B66C23/62—Constructional features or details
- B66C23/64—Jibs
- B66C23/70—Jibs constructed of sections adapted to be assembled to form jibs or various lengths
- B66C23/701—Jibs constructed of sections adapted to be assembled to form jibs or various lengths telescopic
- B66C23/708—Jibs constructed of sections adapted to be assembled to form jibs or various lengths telescopic locking devices for telescopic jibs
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
- F15B—SYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F15B11/00—Servomotor systems without provision for follow-up action; Circuits therefor
- F15B11/08—Servomotor systems without provision for follow-up action; Circuits therefor with only one servomotor
Abstract
The invention relates to the field of cranes, in particular to a crane hydraulic system and a crane; the crane hydraulic system is used for driving a large arm of a crane and comprises a telescopic reversing valve and a telescopic oil cylinder, wherein the telescopic oil cylinder is provided with a rodless cavity and a rod cavity, an oil way connected with the rodless cavity is connected with the telescopic reversing valve, and a first balance valve is arranged on the oil way connected with the rodless cavity; the oil passage connected with the rod cavity is connected with the telescopic reversing valve, the oil passage connected with the rod cavity is connected with an oil drainage passage, the oil drainage passage is provided with a damping bridge, the oil drainage passage at the downstream of the damping bridge is communicated with the oil passage at the downstream of the first balance valve, and a control oil port of the first balance valve is connected with the damping bridge; the telescopic reversing valve can seal an oil way connected with the rod cavity; when the telescopic reversing valve seals the oil path connected with the rod cavity, control oil of the first balance valve can be decompressed through the oil drainage passage and the oil path at the downstream of the first balance valve. The crane hydraulic system and the crane provided by the invention can prevent the boom from moving forward, and cannot cause adverse effects.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of cranes, in particular to a crane hydraulic system and a crane.
Background
The crane consists of a hoisting device and a special chassis for the automobile, has the characteristic of traveling on the road of a common automobile and also has the hoisting characteristic, the crane arm of the crane is a set of complex and huge combined arm support, and the crane arm is driven by a telescopic oil cylinder. The oil cylinder extends out to drive the cargo boom to extend out, and the oil cylinder retracts to drive the cargo boom to retract. When the crane runs on the road at a high speed, the crane arm can move forward due to braking, and if vehicles, pedestrians and other obstacles in front of the crane arm collide, so that accidents are caused.
The oil cylinder of the rope row telescopic system of the wheel crane provided by the related technology is in one-way locking, and is prevented from being pressed and not prevented from being pulled; when the large arm slides forwards due to huge inertia in a negative angle state or during running and braking, the oil cylinder is pulled to extend towards the sliding direction of the large arm. Especially when braking downhill, the extended length is accumulated continuously, which also affects the driving safety. However, it is difficult to solve the problem of the forward movement of the boom, although measures such as increasing the frictional force between the booms are taken from the structural aspect.
The key factor that the hydraulic system cannot be provided with the pull-out prevention function is that a rod cavity balance valve is added or a rod cavity is sealed according to a mode provided by the related technology, so that the balance valve of a rodless cavity oil way can not control oil to be normally decompressed and can not be closed in time, and the normal use of the hydraulic system is adversely affected.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a crane hydraulic system and a crane, which can seal an oil circuit with a rod cavity of a telescopic oil cylinder to prevent a large arm from moving forward, ensure that a rodless cavity can smoothly release pressure, further close a first balance valve in time and have no adverse effect on the normal use of the hydraulic system.
The embodiment of the invention is realized by the following steps:
a hydraulic system of a crane is used for driving a large arm of the crane and comprises a telescopic reversing valve and a telescopic oil cylinder, wherein the telescopic oil cylinder is provided with a rodless cavity and a rod cavity, an oil way connected with the rodless cavity is connected with the telescopic reversing valve, and a first balance valve is arranged on the oil way connected with the rodless cavity; the oil passage connected with the rod cavity is connected with the telescopic reversing valve, the oil passage connected with the rod cavity is connected with an oil drainage passage, the oil drainage passage is provided with a damping bridge, the oil drainage passage at the downstream of the damping bridge is communicated with the oil passage at the downstream of the first balance valve, and a control oil port of the first balance valve is connected with the damping bridge; the telescopic reversing valve can seal an oil way connected with the rod cavity; when the telescopic reversing valve seals the oil path connected with the rod cavity, control oil of the first balance valve can be decompressed through the oil drainage passage and the oil path at the downstream of the first balance valve.
In an optional embodiment, in the direction in which the hydraulic oil flows in the oil drainage passage, the damping bridge comprises a first damper, a second damper and a one-way valve which are sequentially arranged in the oil drainage passage, the oil drainage passage downstream of the one-way valve is communicated with the oil passage downstream of the first balance valve, and the one-way valve is used for preventing the hydraulic oil from flowing to the second damper; an oil drainage passage between the first damper and the second damper is connected with a control oil port of the first balance valve; when the telescopic reversing valve seals an oil path connected with the rod cavity, control oil of the first balance valve can enter the oil drainage passage and sequentially pass through the second damper and the one-way valve for pressure relief.
In an alternative embodiment, the damping bridge further includes a valve disposed in the oil drain passage, and the valve is located upstream of the first damper and is configured to block the oil passage connected to the rod chamber and the oil drain passage to prevent hydraulic oil in the oil passage connected to the rod chamber from flowing to the first damper to maintain a pressure in the rod chamber.
In an alternative embodiment, the valve comprises at least one of a sequence valve, a pilot operated directional valve, a back pressure check valve, and a solenoid directional valve.
In an alternative embodiment, a second balancing valve is further provided on the oil passage to which the rod chamber is connected, and the second balancing valve is located downstream of the connection of the oil drainage passage and the oil passage to which the rod chamber is connected, and the second balancing valve can be used to close the oil passage to which the rod chamber is connected.
In an alternative embodiment, a hydraulic lock is further arranged on the oil path connected with the rod chamber, the hydraulic lock is located at the downstream of the joint of the oil drainage passage and the oil path connected with the rod chamber, and the hydraulic lock can be used for sealing the oil path connected with the rod chamber.
In an alternative embodiment, the telescoping directional valve comprises a manual directional valve or a pilot operated directional valve.
In an alternative embodiment, the damping bridge is integrated inside the first counter-balance valve.
In an alternative embodiment, the damping bridge is located outside the first counter-balance valve.
A crane comprises the crane hydraulic system.
The crane hydraulic system provided by the embodiment of the invention has the beneficial effects that: the crane hydraulic system provided by the embodiment of the invention can be used for driving a large arm of a crane and comprises a telescopic reversing valve and a telescopic oil cylinder, wherein the telescopic oil cylinder is provided with a rodless cavity and a rod cavity, an oil way connected with the rodless cavity is connected with the telescopic reversing valve, and a first balance valve is arranged on the oil way connected with the rodless cavity; the oil path connected with the rod cavity is connected with the telescopic reversing valve, the oil path connected with the rod cavity is connected with an oil drainage passage, the oil drainage passage is provided with a damping bridge, the oil drainage passage at the downstream of the damping bridge is communicated with the oil path at the downstream of the first balance valve, a control oil port of the first balance valve is connected with the damping bridge, and the telescopic reversing valve can seal the oil path connected with the rod cavity; when the telescopic reversing valve seals an oil path connected with the rod cavity, control oil of the first balance valve can be decompressed through the oil drainage passage and the oil path at the downstream of the first balance valve; therefore, the large arm does not need to be driven, namely when the large arm is in a non-working state, the oil way connected with the rod cavity can be sealed by using the telescopic reversing valve, and the damping bridge has an effect of hindering the hydraulic oil, the hydraulic oil in the rod cavity cannot be unloaded through the oil drainage passage through the damping bridge, or only a small amount of hydraulic oil can be unloaded through the oil drainage passage through the damping bridge, so that back pressure is provided, forward running of the large arm is prevented, meanwhile, the control oil of the first balance valve can be released through the oil way at the downstream of the oil drainage passage and the first balance valve, the first balance valve is enabled to be closed in time, and adverse effects on normal use of a hydraulic system are avoided.
The crane provided by the embodiment of the invention has the beneficial effects that: the crane provided by the embodiment of the invention comprises the crane hydraulic system, and can seal the oil way connected with the rod cavity by using the telescopic reversing valve when the large arm does not need to be driven, namely the large arm is in a non-working state, so that the forward movement of the large arm is prevented, and meanwhile, the control oil of the first balance valve can be decompressed through the oil drainage channel and the oil way at the downstream of the first balance valve, so that the first balance valve is prompted to be closed in time, and the adverse effect on the normal use of the hydraulic system is avoided.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings needed to be used in the embodiments will be briefly described below, it should be understood that the following drawings only illustrate some embodiments of the present invention and therefore should not be considered as limiting the scope, and for those skilled in the art, other related drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without inventive efforts.
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram I of a crane hydraulic system according to an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of control oil pressure relief of a first balance valve when an oil path connected with a rod cavity of a crane hydraulic system is closed according to an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram II of a hydraulic system of a crane according to an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a telescopic reversing valve of a crane hydraulic system in a left position according to the embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of the crane hydraulic system in the right position of the telescopic reversing valve in the embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram I of a crane hydraulic system according to another embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram III of a hydraulic system of a crane according to an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram II of a hydraulic system of a crane according to another embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram III of a crane hydraulic system according to another embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 10 is a schematic view of a dual cylinder retraction system in accordance with another embodiment of the present invention.
Icon: 010-crane hydraulic system; 100-a telescopic reversing valve; 200-telescopic oil cylinders; 210-a rod cavity; 220-rodless cavity; 221-a first counter-balance valve; 211-oil drainage path; 230-a damping bridge; 231-first damping; 232-second damping; 233-one-way valve; 234-sequence valve; 241-a second counter balance valve; 242-hydraulic lock; 235-a solenoid directional valve; 222 — balanced spool.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are some, but not all, embodiments of the present invention. The components of embodiments of the present invention generally described and illustrated in the figures herein may be arranged and designed in a wide variety of different configurations.
Thus, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention, presented in the figures, is not intended to limit the scope of the invention, as claimed, but is merely representative of selected embodiments of the invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
It should be noted that: like reference numbers and letters refer to like items in the following figures, and thus, once an item is defined in one figure, it need not be further defined and explained in subsequent figures.
In the description of the embodiments of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "inside" and "outside" are used for indicating the orientation or the positional relationship based on the orientation or the positional relationship shown in the drawings or the orientation or the positional relationship which is usually arranged when the product of the present invention is used, and are only for convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, but do not indicate or imply that the device or the element which is referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed in a specific orientation and be operated, and thus, cannot be construed as limiting the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and the like are used merely to distinguish one description from another, and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.
In the description of the embodiments of the present invention, it should be further noted that the terms "disposed" and "connected" are to be interpreted broadly, and may be, for example, fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected, unless explicitly stated or limited otherwise; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be connected directly or indirectly through intervening media, or they may be interconnected between two elements. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood in specific cases to those skilled in the art.
Referring to fig. 1, the embodiment provides a crane hydraulic system 010 for driving a boom of a crane, including a telescopic direction valve 100 and a telescopic cylinder 200, where the telescopic cylinder 200 has a rodless cavity 220 and a rod cavity 210, an oil path connected to the rodless cavity 220 is connected to the telescopic direction valve 100, and an oil path connected to the rodless cavity 220 is provided with a first balance valve 221; the oil path connected with the rod cavity 210 is connected with the telescopic reversing valve 100, the oil path connected with the rod cavity 210 is connected with an oil drainage passage 211, the oil drainage passage 211 is provided with a damping bridge 230, the oil drainage passage 211 at the downstream of the damping bridge 230 is communicated with the oil path at the downstream of the first balance valve 221, and a control oil port of the first balance valve 221 is connected with the damping bridge 230; the telescopic reversing valve 100 can seal an oil path connected with the rod cavity 210; when the telescopic switching valve 100 closes the oil passage connected to the rod chamber 210, the control oil of the first counter balance valve 221 can be discharged through the drain passage 211 and the oil passage downstream of the first counter balance valve 221.
When the telescopic oil cylinder 200 drives the large arm to stretch, hydraulic oil can flow to an oil return port of the telescopic reversing valve 100 in an oil way connected with the rodless cavity 220 and an oil way connected with the rod cavity 210 and then flow to an oil return tank; the specific control principle is similar to that of the related art, and is not described herein again.
The oil path connected to the rodless cavity 220 may be divided into an upper oil path and a lower oil path by using a first balance valve 221 disposed on the oil path, that is, the upper oil path is connected to the rodless cavity 220, and the lower oil path is connected to the telescopic reversing valve 100; when the telescopic reversing valve 100 closes the oil path connected to the rod chamber 210, the control oil of the first counter-balance valve 221 can be released through the oil release path 211 and the oil path downstream of the first counter-balance valve 221, which means that: after passing through the first balancing valve 221, the control oil from the rod chamber 210 can flow to the lower oil path through the oil drain path 211 having the damping bridge 230, and then be discharged through the telescopic direction valve 100.
When the boom of the crane provided with the crane hydraulic system 010 does not need to be driven, that is, the boom is in a non-working state, the oil path connected with the rod cavity 210 is closed by using the telescopic reversing valve 100, the oil path connected with the rod cavity 210 is closed to the oil return port of the telescopic reversing valve 100, and since the oil drainage path 211 is provided with the damping bridge 230, the damping bridge 230 has a blocking effect on the flow of hydraulic oil, only a small amount of hydraulic oil or even no hydraulic oil in the rod cavity 210 can be squeezed out from the oil drainage path 211 provided with the damping bridge 230, that is, the hydraulic oil in the rod cavity 210 is simultaneously blocked by the damping bridge 230 arranged on the oil drainage path 211, that is, the hydraulic oil can be closed in the rod cavity 210, even if the crane is suddenly braked or goes down slope, the rod cavity 210 is instantaneously compressed and can be blocked by strong resistance generated by the damping bridge 230 arranged on the oil drainage path 211, thereby blocking the hydraulic oil in the rod cavity 210 to provide back pressure and prevent the big arm from moving forward; at this time, the control oil of the first balance valve 221 can be decompressed through the oil drainage passage 211 and an oil path at the downstream of the first balance valve 221, so that the first balance valve 221 is closed in time, and adverse effects on normal use of the hydraulic system are avoided; the normal use of the above-described hydraulic system includes: the hydraulic system is used for controlling the first balance valve 221 to be opened smoothly when the large arm of the crane extends and retracts.
If the oil path connected to the rod cavity 210 is closed in the middle of the telescopic reversing valve 100, and a small amount of hydraulic oil is squeezed into the oil drainage passage 211 from the rod cavity 210 and flows in the oil drainage passage 211, referring to fig. 2, the flow direction of the hydraulic oil in the rod cavity 210 in the oil drainage passage 211 is: the oil flows from the rod cavity 210 to the oil path connected with the rod cavity 210, then flows to the oil drainage path 211 through the joint of the oil path and the oil drainage path 211, passes through the damping bridge 230 arranged on the oil drainage path 211, then continues to flow to the oil path connected with the rodless cavity 220 through the oil drainage path at the downstream of the damping bridge 230, and finally flows to the telescopic reversing valve 100 through the oil path connected with the rodless cavity 220 and is discharged; the downstream of the damping bridge 230 refers to the downstream of the hydraulic oil flowing direction in the oil drainage path.
It should be noted that, when the oil path connected to the rod chamber 210 is closed in the middle of the telescopic reversing valve 100, a small amount of hydraulic oil in the rod chamber 210 is discharged into the oil path downstream of the first balance valve 221 through the oil drainage passage 211 provided with the damping bridge 230 and is discharged, that is, the rod chamber 210 can extrude a small amount of hydraulic oil into the oil path downstream of the first balance valve 221 through the oil drainage passage 211 upstream of the damping bridge 230, the damping bridge 230 and the oil drainage passage 211 downstream of the damping bridge 230 and is discharged, so as to ensure that the rod chamber 210 is stably closed, so as to provide a back pressure and prevent the boom from moving forward, and meanwhile, the control oil of the first balance valve 221 can be smoothly discharged, that is, the first balance valve 221 can be timely closed without being closed by the oil path connected to the rod chamber 210, so as to avoid adverse effects on the rodless chamber 220.
The telescopic reversing valve 100 has damping, an oil path connected with the rodless cavity 220 is connected with an oil return port of the telescopic reversing valve 100 through the damping arranged on the telescopic reversing valve 100, namely the rodless cavity 220 and the middle damping of the telescopic reversing valve 100 are connected in series with an oil return tank.
The type of the telescopic directional valve 100 may be selected as desired. The telescopic reversing valve 100 of the present embodiment is a hydraulic control reversing valve; in other embodiments, the telescopic direction valve 100 may also be a manual direction valve or an electric direction valve.
Referring to fig. 1, in the present embodiment, along the direction in which the hydraulic oil flows in the oil drainage passage 211, the damping bridge 230 includes a first damper 231, a second damper 232 and a check valve 233, which are sequentially disposed in the oil drainage passage 211, the oil drainage passage 211 downstream of the check valve 233 is communicated with the oil passage downstream of the first balance valve 221, and the check valve 233 is used for preventing the hydraulic oil from flowing to the second damper 232; an oil drainage passage 211 between the first damper 231 and the second damper 232 is connected with a control oil port of the first balance valve 221, and when the telescopic reversing valve 100 seals an oil passage connected with the rod cavity 210, the control oil of the first balance valve 221 can enter the oil drainage passage 211 and sequentially pass through the second damper 232 and the check valve 233 for pressure relief. With such an arrangement, the control oil and the hydraulic oil can be prevented from reversely flowing to the rodless chamber 220 and the rod chamber 210 in the oil discharge passage 211; under the action of the first damper 231, the second damper 232 and the check valve 233 arranged on the oil drainage passage 211, only a small amount of hydraulic oil in the rod cavity 210 is squeezed out or no hydraulic oil is squeezed out from the rod cavity 210, so that the hydraulic oil is blocked in the rod cavity 210 to provide back pressure and prevent the forward movement of the upper arm; it is also possible to ensure that the control oil of the first balance valve 221 smoothly enters the drain passage 211, and flows into the oil passage downstream of the first balance valve (see fig. 2) through the second damper 232 and the check valve 233 provided in the drain passage 211 in sequence, and is then discharged, thereby ensuring that the pressure relief of the rodless chamber 220 is not affected by the rod chamber 210, and also closing the first balance valve 221 at that time.
The first counter balance valve 221 has a port V1 connected to the oil passage connected to the rodless chamber 220, the drain passage 211 downstream of the check valve 233 joins the port V1, so that the hydraulic oil discharged from the drain passage 211 enters the oil passage downstream of the first counter balance valve 221, and the control oil discharged from the first counter balance valve 221 also enters the drain passage 211, passes through the second damper 232 provided in the drain passage 211 and the check valve 233 in this order, and then enters the oil passage downstream of the first counter balance valve 221 through the port V1.
It should be noted that the number of dampers in the damping bridge 230 may be selected according to the pressure requirement, the flow attenuation requirement, and the like of the rod chamber 210, and the damping bridge 230 of this embodiment is provided with two dampers, namely a first damper 231 and a second damper 232; in other embodiments, the number of dampers provided in the damper bridge 230 may also be one, three, etc., and is not particularly limited herein. It should be further noted that the damper may be any type of damper in the prior art, and is not limited herein.
It should be further explained that the oil drain passage 211 between the first damper 231 and the second damper 232 is connected to the control oil port of the first balance valve 221, and specifically includes: the first damper 231 is not only connected with the second damper 232 through the oil drainage passage 211, but also connected with the balance valve core 222 of the first balance valve 221, so that the first damper 231 is simultaneously connected with the second damper 232 and the balance valve core 222 of the first balance valve 221 in parallel, so that the balance valve core 222 is connected with the oil drainage passage 211 between the first damper 231 and the second damper 232, and the control oil of the first balance valve 221 can flow into the oil drainage passage for unloading; in this way, the residual pressure in the rod chamber 210 can be prevented from opening the spool of the first counter balance valve 221, and the continuous or intermittent retraction of the boom can be avoided.
The damping bridge 230 further includes a valve disposed in the oil drain passage 211, the valve being located upstream of the first damper 231 and configured to block the oil passage connected to the rod chamber 210 and the oil drain passage 211 to prevent hydraulic oil in the oil passage connected to the rod chamber 210 from flowing to the first damper 231; so set up, can be when flexible switching-over valve 100 meso position, ensure that there is the oil circuit that pole chamber 210 connects to be sealed, and block hydraulic oil inflow draining passageway 211 under the effect of valve, hydraulic oil is blocked in having pole chamber 210 steadily to provide the backpressure, prevent that the big arm from scurrying forward.
It should be noted that, referring to fig. 4, the telescopic reversing valve 100 is switched to left position, the crane retracts the arm, and the oil inlet side is: the pressure oil flows into the oil cylinder rod cavity 210 from an oil inlet (port P) of the telescopic reversing valve 100 through the telescopic reversing valve 100 to push the oil cylinder to retract; meanwhile, the pressure of the rod cavity 210 is higher than the opening pressure of the valve, pressure oil enters the oil drainage passage 211 through the valve, sequentially passes through the first damper 231, enters the control port of the first balance valve 221, opens the balance valve core 222 of the first balance valve 221, and ensures that the hydraulic system drives the normal arm retracting action; the oil return side is as follows: the hydraulic oil in the rod-less chamber 220 is returned to the oil return port (T port) of the telescopic selector valve 100 through the upstream oil passage of the rod-less chamber 220 via the opened first balance valve 221, and is discharged. Referring to fig. 5, the telescopic directional control valve 100 is switched to right position, the crane boom extends, and the oil inlet side is: the pressure oil flows into the rodless cavity 220 of the oil cylinder from an oil inlet (port P) of the telescopic reversing valve 100 through the telescopic reversing valve 100 to push the oil cylinder to extend out; the oil return side is as follows: the hydraulic oil in the rod chamber 210 passes through the oil passage of the rod chamber 210, passes through the telescopic directional control valve 100, returns to the oil return port (T port), and is discharged.
The valves include at least one of a sequence valve 234, a pilot operated directional valve, a back pressure check valve 233 and a solenoid directional valve 235, which can be selected according to the requirements. Referring to fig. 3, the valve of the present embodiment is a sequence valve 234, the sequence valve 234 can preset an opening pressure, which is beneficial to completely seal an oil path connected to the rod cavity 210 in the telescopic reversing valve 100, and the sequence valve 234 prevents hydraulic oil from entering the oil drainage path 211, so as to ensure that a certain pressure oil reserved in the rod cavity 210 can effectively prevent the big arm from moving forward; sequence valve 234 also prevents the first equalization valve 221 from opening abnormally and prevents excess pressure in the rod chamber 210 from opening the first equalization valve 221; in other embodiments, the valve may also be a pilot operated directional valve, a back pressure check valve 233, or a solenoid directional valve 235 (as shown in fig. 6), or may also be a combination of two or more of the sequence valve 234, the pilot operated directional valve, the back pressure check valve 233, and the solenoid directional valve 235.
Referring to fig. 1, the damping bridge 230 of the present embodiment is integrated inside the first balance valve 221, that is, the oil drainage path 211 can extend into the first balance valve 221, and the sequence valve 234, the first damper 231, the second damper 232 and the check valve 233 are all disposed inside the first balance valve 221. In other embodiments, referring to fig. 7, the damping bridge 230 is located outside the first balance valve 221, i.e. the sequence valve 234, the first damper 231, the second damper 232 and the check valve 233 are integrated into a valve block outside the first balance valve 221.
It should be noted that, in the crane hydraulic system 010 of this embodiment, the oil path connected to the rod chamber 210 can be sealed by using the middle position of the telescopic reversing valve 100, and in other embodiments, a control valve may be further disposed on the oil path connected to the rod chamber 210, so as to further improve the sealing effect of the oil path connected to the rod chamber 210, which is specifically as follows:
in another embodiment, referring to fig. 8, a second balance valve 241 is further disposed on the oil path connecting the rod chamber 210, and the second balance valve 241 is located downstream of the oil path connecting the oil drain path 211 and the rod chamber 210, and the second balance valve 241 can be used to close the oil path connecting the rod chamber 210. In the embodiment where the second balance valve 241 is provided on the oil path connected to the rod chamber 210, the oil path connected to the rod chamber 210 may be sealed by using the second balance valve 241 and the middle position of the telescopic directional control valve 100 at the same time, and the oil path connected to the rod chamber 210 may be sealed in a double manner, so that even if the oil path connected to the rod chamber 210 cannot be stably sealed for a long time in the middle position of the telescopic directional control valve 100, the oil path connected to the rod chamber 210 may be stably sealed by using the second balance valve 241, so as to improve the stability of the oil path connected to the rod chamber 210, and further facilitate stable prevention of boom forward movement when the crane is not in operation, even if the crane is suddenly stopped or is running on a downhill for a long time, or the like; in the embodiment in which the second balancing valve 241 is provided on the oil path connected to the rod chamber 210, the oil path connected to the rod chamber 210 may be closed only by the second balancing valve 241, and the oil path connected to the rod chamber 210 need not be closed by the middle position of the telescopic direction valve 100.
In other embodiments, referring to fig. 9, a hydraulic lock 242 is further disposed on the oil path connected to the rod chamber 210, the hydraulic lock 242 is located downstream of the connection between the oil drainage path 211 and the oil path connected to the rod chamber 210, and the hydraulic lock 242 can be used to close the oil path connected to the rod chamber 210; the effect of the embodiment that the hydraulic lock 242 is further disposed on the oil path connected to the rod chamber 210 is similar to the effect of the second balancing valve 241 disposed on the oil path connected to the rod chamber 210, and is not described again here.
In other embodiments, a pilot check valve 233 is further disposed on the oil path connected to the rod chamber 210, and the pilot check valve 233 is located downstream of the connection between the oil drainage path 211 and the oil path connected to the rod chamber 210, and the pilot check valve 233 can be used to close the oil path connected to the rod chamber 210; in this embodiment, the effect of further providing the pilot check valve 233 on the oil path connected to the rod chamber 210 is similar to the effect of providing the second balancing valve 241 on the oil path connected to the rod chamber 210, and details thereof are omitted.
The principle of the crane hydraulic system 010 used for preventing the boom of the crane from moving forward includes: when the large arm of the crane does not need to be driven, namely the telescopic oil cylinder 200 does not need to drive the large arm, the middle position of the telescopic reversing valve 100 is controlled to seal an oil path connected with the rod cavity 210, and the hydraulic oil with the rod cavity 210 is blocked by the damping bridge 230 in the oil drainage passage 211, namely the hydraulic oil with the rod cavity 210 cannot be extruded from the oil drainage passage 211 through the damping bridge 230 or only a small amount of hydraulic oil can be extruded from the oil drainage passage 211 through the damping bridge 230, and the hydraulic oil is stably sealed in the rod cavity 210 to provide back pressure and prevent the large arm of the crane from moving forward; meanwhile, the oil controlled by the first balance valve 221 can be discharged into the oil path at the downstream of the first balance valve 221 through the damping bridge 230 and the oil discharge path 211 at the downstream thereof, that is, smooth pressure discharge of the first balance valve 221 is ensured, so that the first balance valve 221 can be reliably and timely locked, and adverse effects are avoided.
In summary, the crane hydraulic system 010 provided in this embodiment can be used for preventing the boom of the crane from moving forward, that is, when the boom is not required to be driven, that is, the boom is in a non-working state, the oil path connected to the rod cavity 210 can be closed by using the telescopic reversing valve 100, and due to the blocking effect of the damping bridge 230 on the hydraulic oil, the hydraulic oil in the rod cavity 210 cannot be unloaded through the oil drainage passage by the damping bridge 230, or only a small amount of hydraulic oil can be extruded and unloaded through the oil drainage passage 211 by the damping bridge 230, so that a sufficient amount of hydraulic oil is closed in the rod cavity 210, so as to provide a back pressure and prevent the boom from moving forward; meanwhile, control oil of the first balance valve 221 can be decompressed through the oil drainage passage 211 and an oil path at the downstream of the first balance valve 221, so that the first balance valve 221 is closed in time, and adverse effects on normal use of a hydraulic system are avoided.
The embodiment also provides a crane, which comprises the crane hydraulic system 010; the crane hydraulic system 010 is used for controlling a boom of a crane, wherein the telescopic cylinder 200 is used for controlling the telescopic movement of the boom.
It should be noted that other structures of the crane of this embodiment and raw materials such as the crane hydraulic system 010 drives the boom to extend and retract are similar to those of the related art, and are not described herein again.
It should be further explained that the crane hydraulic system 010 provided in the crane of the present embodiment is a single cylinder; in other embodiments, if the crane hydraulic system 010 of the crane is a dual-cylinder telescopic system (as shown in fig. 10), the oil passage connected to the rod cavity 210 corresponding to each cylinder is provided with an oil drainage passage 211, and the oil drainage passage 211 is provided with a damping bridge 230, the oil drainage passage 211 at the downstream of the damping bridge 230 is merged with the oil passage at the downstream of the first balance valve 221 of the corresponding cylinder, so that when the oil passage of the rod cavity 210 of each cylinder is closed, it can be ensured that hydraulic oil is closed in the rod cavity 210, thereby stably preventing the boom from moving forward, and the first balance valve 221 can smoothly relieve pressure, thereby avoiding adverse effects on the normal use of the hydraulic system.
In summary, when the crane of the present invention does not work, the hydraulic system 010 of the crane can be used to prevent the boom from moving forward, and no adverse effect is generated.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention, and various modifications and changes may be made by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A crane hydraulic system is used for driving a large arm of a crane and is characterized by comprising a telescopic reversing valve and a telescopic oil cylinder, wherein the telescopic oil cylinder is provided with a rodless cavity and a rod cavity, an oil way connected with the rodless cavity is connected with the telescopic reversing valve, and a first balance valve is arranged on the oil way connected with the rodless cavity; the oil passage connected with the rod cavity is connected with the telescopic reversing valve, the oil passage connected with the rod cavity is connected with an oil drainage passage, the oil drainage passage is provided with a damping bridge, the oil drainage passage at the downstream of the damping bridge is communicated with the oil passage at the downstream of the first balance valve, and a control oil port of the first balance valve is connected with the damping bridge;
the telescopic reversing valve can seal an oil way connected with the rod cavity; when the telescopic reversing valve closes the oil path connected with the rod cavity, control oil of the first balance valve can be decompressed through the oil drainage passage and the oil path at the downstream of the first balance valve.
2. The crane hydraulic system as recited in claim 1, wherein the damping bridge comprises a first damping, a second damping and a one-way valve sequentially disposed in the oil drainage passage in a direction that hydraulic oil flows in the oil drainage passage, the oil drainage passage downstream of the one-way valve is communicated with an oil passage downstream of the first balance valve, and the one-way valve is used for preventing hydraulic oil from flowing to the second damping; an oil drainage passage between the first damper and the second damper is connected with a control oil port of the first balance valve; when the telescopic reversing valve closes the oil path connected with the rod cavity, control oil of the first balance valve can enter the oil drainage passage and sequentially pass through the second damper and the one-way valve for pressure relief.
3. The crane hydraulic system as recited in claim 2, wherein the damping bridge further comprises a valve disposed in the oil drainage passage, the valve being located upstream of the first damper and configured to block the oil passage to which the rod chambers are connected from the oil drainage passage to prevent hydraulic oil in the oil passage to which the rod chambers are connected from flowing to the first damper to maintain the pressure in the rod chambers.
4. The crane hydraulic system of claim 3, wherein the valve comprises at least one of a sequence valve, a pilot operated directional control valve, a back pressure check valve, and a solenoid directional control valve.
5. The crane hydraulic system as recited in claim 1, wherein a second balancing valve is further disposed on the oil path connected to the rod chamber, and the second balancing valve is located downstream of the oil path connection where the oil drainage path and the rod chamber are connected, and the second balancing valve can be used to close the oil path connected to the rod chamber.
6. The crane hydraulic system as claimed in claim 1, wherein a hydraulic lock is further disposed on the oil path connected to the rod chamber, and the hydraulic lock is located downstream of the oil path connection where the oil drainage path and the rod chamber are connected, and the hydraulic lock can be used to close the oil path connected to the rod chamber.
7. The crane hydraulic system as recited in claim 1, wherein the telescoping directional control valve comprises a manual directional control valve or a pilot operated directional control valve.
8. The crane hydraulic system as claimed in claim 1, wherein the damping bridge is integrated inside the first counter-balance valve.
9. The crane hydraulic system of claim 1, wherein the damping bridge is located outside the first counter-balance valve.
10. A crane comprising a crane hydraulic system as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 9.
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| CN202010172242.4A CN111336142B (en) | 2020-03-12 | 2020-03-12 | Crane hydraulic system and crane |
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| CN202010172242.4A CN111336142B (en) | 2020-03-12 | 2020-03-12 | Crane hydraulic system and crane |
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| DE19923345A1 (en) * | 1999-05-21 | 2000-11-23 | Mannesmann Rexroth Ag | Electrohydraulic control device for hydraulic lifting cylinder has pressure balancing device coupled to pressure medium recycling line with its valve body acted on by spring with variable equivalent pressure |
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| CN111336142B (en) | 2022-03-22 |
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