CN111335308A - Method for processing passage under soft foundation by using small prefabricated pile group - Google Patents
Method for processing passage under soft foundation by using small prefabricated pile group Download PDFInfo
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- CN111335308A CN111335308A CN202010335945.4A CN202010335945A CN111335308A CN 111335308 A CN111335308 A CN 111335308A CN 202010335945 A CN202010335945 A CN 202010335945A CN 111335308 A CN111335308 A CN 111335308A
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D5/00—Bulkheads, piles, or other structural elements specially adapted to foundation engineering
- E02D5/22—Piles
- E02D5/50—Piles comprising both precast concrete portions and concrete portions cast in situ
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D27/00—Foundations as substructures
- E02D27/01—Flat foundations
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D3/00—Improving or preserving soil or rock, e.g. preserving permafrost soil
- E02D3/02—Improving by compacting
- E02D3/08—Improving by compacting by inserting stones or lost bodies, e.g. compaction piles
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D7/00—Methods or apparatus for placing sheet pile bulkheads, piles, mouldpipes, or other moulds
- E02D7/02—Placing by driving
- E02D7/06—Power-driven drivers
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Abstract
The invention relates to a processing method of a small prefabricated pile group for a soft foundation underpass, which comprises the following steps: leveling a soft foundation, and marking pile positions on the surface of the soft foundation; secondly, driving the precast pile into the soft foundation according to the mark; thirdly, paving a broken stone cushion layer and a concrete cushion layer on the surface of the soft foundation in sequence; manufacturing a reinforcement cage, arranging a supporting plate at the bottom of the reinforcement cage, hoisting the reinforcement cage into the precast pile, supporting the reinforcement cage on the top surface of the precast pile by adopting a reinforcement bar so as to expose the top of the reinforcement cage, and bending the exposed main reinforcement of the reinforcement cage outwards; fifthly, repeating the step four, and hoisting a reinforcement cage in each precast pile; sixthly, laying a reinforcing steel bar net rack on the surface of the prefabricated group pile, and binding the reinforcing steel bar net rack with a main reinforcement at the top of a reinforcing steel bar cage; and (seventhly) respectively pouring concrete into the reinforcement cage and the reinforcement net rack. The invention can shorten the construction period, improve the bearing capacity of the treated soft foundation and ensure the uniformity of the whole bearing capacity of the foundation.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of civil engineering, in particular to a method for processing a small prefabricated pile group for a soft foundation underpass.
Background
The soft foundation is mainly a foundation consisting of silt, mucky soil, filling soil, miscellaneous filling soil or other high-compressibility soil layers, and in the construction process of highway construction, in order to prevent the problems of uneven settlement of a roadbed, road surface erosion, road surface cracking and the like caused by the sinking and pulling crack of the constructed highway foundation, the soft foundation needs to be treated, so that the settlement of the soft foundation becomes firm enough, the consolidation degree and the stability of the foundation meet the design requirements, and the normal operation of the highway is ensured.
The traditional treatment method for soft foundation usually adopts the treatment mode of large-diameter cast-in-place pile, i.e. the pile hole is formed in the foundation soil by means of mechanical drilling, steel pipe soil extrusion or manual excavation, etc., and the pile formed by reinforcing cage and cast-in-place concrete is placed in the pile hole, further increasing the strength of the foundation, but the adoption of the method needs to manufacture the reinforcing steel bars on site, hoist and pour the concrete, not only the construction progress is slow, the prepared slurry has certain pollution, is greatly influenced by external conditions such as dust pollution and the like, has risks such as pile breakage, hole collapse and the like, does not guarantee the quality in place, is influenced by the design and economic conditions of large-diameter drilled piles, has larger pile spacing, and has larger pressure or anti-floating force to be shared by a single pile, so that the local stress of each pile top is overlarge, the burden of the pile and the bottom plate of the underpass is heavy, and the construction quality is influenced while the construction progress is influenced.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a method for treating a through passage under a soft foundation by using small prefabricated pile groups, aiming at solving the problems of environmental pollution and slow construction progress in a mode of treating the soft foundation by using cast-in-situ bored piles, and the method can shorten the construction period, improve the bearing capacity of the treated foundation and ensure the uniformity of the integral bearing capacity of the foundation.
In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
the method for processing the passage under the soft foundation by using the small prefabricated pile group comprises the following steps: leveling a soft foundation, and marking pile positions on the surface of the soft foundation;
secondly, hammering the precast piles into the soft foundation by adopting a pile machine according to the vibration shown by the marked pile positions to form precast group piles distributed in a rectangular array, wherein the tops of the precast piles are exposed;
thirdly, paving a broken stone cushion layer and a concrete cushion layer on the surface of the soft foundation in sequence, wherein the top surface of the concrete cushion layer is lower than that of the precast pile;
manufacturing a reinforcement cage according to the inner diameter of the precast pile, arranging a supporting plate at the bottom of the reinforcement cage, wherein the diameter of the supporting plate is the same as the inner diameter of the precast pile, hoisting the reinforcement cage into the precast pile, supporting the reinforcement cage by adopting a reinforcement on the top surface of the precast pile so as to expose the top of the reinforcement cage, bending the exposed main reinforcements of the reinforcement cage outwards, and bending the end parts of the main reinforcements into a hook shape;
fifthly, repeating the step four, and hoisting a reinforcement cage in each precast pile;
sixthly, laying a reinforcing steel bar net rack on the surface of the prefabricated group pile, and binding the reinforcing steel bar net rack with a main reinforcement at the top of a reinforcing steel bar cage;
and (seventhly), respectively pouring concrete into the reinforcement cage and the reinforcement net rack, vibrating while pouring, and forming an integral reinforced foundation after pouring forming so as to form the reinforced concrete bottom plate for bearing the box culvert.
Furthermore, the soft foundation is leveled, namely, high-altitude, ground and underground obstacles in the range of the pile foundation are removed, so that the entry condition of the precast pile and the pile machine is achieved.
Furthermore, the gravel cushion layer is a graded gravel cushion layer with the thickness of 50cm, the gravel cushion layer is prepared by uniformly mixing and stirring materials such as gravel and the like according to grades, then the gravel cushion layer is paved on the surface of the foundation with the thickness of 50cm, and the gravel cushion layer is compacted and compacted, the concrete cushion layer is prepared by paving concrete formed by mixing and stirring corresponding raw materials according to the volume ratio on the gravel cushion layer, the paving thickness is 10cm, and the strength grade of the concrete cushion layer is C20.
And further, according to the bearing capacity of the foundation and the depth of underground water, the precast pile selects a pressure-bearing pile or an uplift pile.
Further, when the precast pile is a pressure-bearing pile, the steel reinforcement cage is manufactured by the following steps: choose four main muscle with its hoop welding in order to constitute the steel reinforcement cage bottom on circular layer board, select a stirrup and be the heliciform from the steel reinforcement cage bottom and upwards ligature on four main muscle, the steel reinforcement cage top is not banded the stirrup, 2m in lifting the steel reinforcement cage bottom and dropping to the bearing pile, adopt two reinforcing bars to pass the steel reinforcement cage at the bearing pile top surface and no longer continue the whereabouts with the support steel reinforcement cage, the steel reinforcement cage is irritated core length and is 2m, then outwards buckle steel reinforcement cage top main muscle.
Further, when the precast pile is an uplift pile, the steel reinforcement cage is manufactured by the following steps: choose eight main muscle with its hoop welding in order to constitute the steel reinforcement cage bottom on circular layer board, select a stirrup and be the heliciform from the steel reinforcement cage bottom and upwards ligature on eight main muscle, the steel reinforcement cage top is not banded the stirrup, hang down the steel reinforcement cage bottom and fall to the bearing pile in 3.5m, adopt four reinforcing bars to pass the steel reinforcement cage at uplift pile top surface and no longer continue the whereabouts with the support steel reinforcement cage, the steel reinforcement cage is irritated core length and is 3.5m, then outwards buckle steel reinforcement cage top main muscle.
Furthermore, the outward bending angle of the main reinforcement of the reinforcement cage is 15 degrees, and the end part of the main reinforcement is made into a 135-degree hook; and the reinforcement cage in the precast pile is poured to be flush with the top surface of the precast pile by C35 micro-expansion fine stone concrete.
Through the technical scheme, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
the method adopts the small-diameter precast tubular pile as the foundation for treatment, has obvious channel penetrating effect under the condition of a soft foundation, is similar to the treatment mode of connecting the precast grouped piles to the raft foundation in the house construction, is simple and effective, and is convenient to construct; the precast pile adopts the batch production prefabrication, can guarantee quality and speed, transports to the scene and can develop the construction simultaneously, thereby consolidate the ground in will the precast pile squeeze into soft foundation through the vibrations hammering of stake machine, has both satisfied the environmental protection needs, has guaranteed going on sooner of engineering progress again, and a plurality of precast piles form prefabricated crowd's stake, and prefabricated crowd's stake is crowded densely the ground, has improved the intensity and the bearing capacity of wet soft foundation, makes things convenient for the later stage construction.
The prefabricated pile and the steel bar net rack are connected in a pipe top connection mode, namely the prefabricated pile is connected with the steel bar net rack through the steel bar cage, special equipment and tools are not needed when the steel bar cage is manufactured, workers can conveniently operate the prefabricated pile and the steel bar net rack, construction is convenient, a plurality of main reinforcements and anchoring reinforcements of the steel bar cage are bound with the steel bar net rack, the steel bar cage and the steel bar net rack are integrally poured by concrete, and a reinforced concrete bottom plate for bearing a box culvert is formed after pouring, so that the connection strength of the prefabricated pile and the reinforced concrete bottom plate and the bearing capacity of the reinforced concrete bottom plate are guaranteed, and the construction quality and the highway safety.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic view of a prefabricated pile group of the method for treating a small prefabricated pile group for a weak foundation underpass.
Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of the reinforcement cage and reinforcement net rack binding of the treatment method for the underpass of the soft foundation by the small prefabricated pile group.
Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of distribution of reinforcement cages when the precast piles are pressure-bearing piles in the embodiment of the treatment method for the small precast pile group to be used for the underpass of the soft foundation according to the invention.
Fig. 4 is a sectional view taken along a line a-a in fig. 3 illustrating a method for processing a small precast pile for underpass of a soft foundation according to the present invention.
Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of the distribution of reinforcement cages when the precast pile used in the treatment method of the small precast pile group for the underpass of the soft foundation is an uplift pile.
Fig. 6 is a sectional view taken along line B-B in fig. 5 illustrating a method for treating a small precast pile for underpass of a soft foundation according to the present invention.
The reference numbers in the drawings are as follows: the prefabricated pile comprises a prefabricated pile body 1, a broken stone cushion layer 2, a concrete cushion layer 3, a supporting plate 4, a main reinforcement 5, a reinforced bar net rack 6, a reinforced bar concrete bottom plate 7, stirrups 8, crossed reinforcements 9, anchoring reinforcements 10, embedded reinforcements 11 and connecting steel plates 12.
Detailed Description
The following detailed description of embodiments of the invention refers to the accompanying drawings in which:
as shown in fig. 1 to 6, the method for processing the small prefabricated pile group for the underpass of the soft foundation comprises the following steps:
leveling soft foundation, namely clearing obstacles at high altitude, ground and underground in the range of pile foundation to achieve the entry condition of the precast pile 1 and a pile machine, measuring and determining the pile position by technicians and marking on the surface of the soft foundation;
secondly, the precast pile 1 is transported to a construction site, a bearing pile or an uplift pile can be selected for the precast pile 1 according to the bearing capacity of the foundation and the depth of underground water, the precast pile 1 is driven into a soft foundation in a vibration hammering mode according to the marked pile positions by adopting a pile driver to form precast group piles distributed in a rectangular array, the foundation can be compacted by the precast group piles, the bearing capacity of the foundation is further increased, and the top of the precast pile 1 is exposed;
thirdly, paving a broken stone cushion layer 2 and a concrete cushion layer 3 on the surface of the soft foundation in sequence, wherein the broken stone cushion layer 2 is a 50 cm-thick graded broken stone cushion layer 2, sand stone and other materials are selected to be uniformly mixed according to grades and then are paved on the 50 cm-thick cushion layer on the surface of the foundation, the concrete cushion layer is compacted and compacted, the concrete cushion layer 3 is formed by paving concrete on the broken stone cushion layer 2 after corresponding raw materials are mixed according to the volume ratio, the paving thickness is 10cm, the strength grade of the concrete cushion layer 3 is C20, and the top surface of the concrete cushion layer 3 is lower than that of the precast pile 1;
manufacturing a reinforcement cage according to the inner diameter of a precast pile 1, arranging a supporting plate 4 at the bottom of the reinforcement cage, wherein the diameter of the supporting plate 4 is the same as the inner diameter of the precast pile 1, hoisting the reinforcement cage into the precast pile 1, supporting the reinforcement cage by using a reinforcement on the top surface of the precast pile 1 to expose the top of the reinforcement cage, bending the exposed main reinforcement 5 of the reinforcement cage outwards to keep an included angle of 15 degrees with the axis of the precast pile 1, and manufacturing the end part of the main reinforcement 5 into a 135-degree hook;
fifthly, repeating the step four, and hoisting a reinforcement cage in each precast pile 1;
sixthly, laying a reinforcing steel bar net rack 6 on the surface of the prefabricated group pile, and binding the reinforcing steel bar net rack 6 and a main reinforcement 5 at the top of a reinforcing steel bar cage nearby;
and (seventhly), concrete is respectively poured into the steel reinforcement cage and the steel reinforcement net rack 6, the steel reinforcement cage in the precast pile 1 is poured to be flush with the top surface of the precast pile 1 by adopting C35 micro-expansion fine stone concrete, vibration is carried out during pouring, and an integral reinforced foundation is formed after pouring forming so as to form the reinforced concrete bottom plate 7 for bearing the box culvert.
If the bearing capacity of the foundation is strong and the underground water is deep, the precast pile 1 selects a bearing pile, and the steel reinforcement cage in the bearing pile is manufactured by the following steps: four main reinforcements 5 with the diameter of 20mm are selected to be welded on a circular supporting plate 4 with the thickness of 5mm in the circumferential direction to form the bottom of a reinforcement cage, stirrups 8 with the diameter of 10mm are selected to be upwards bound on the four main reinforcements 5 in a spiral manner from the bottom of the reinforcement cage, the binding height of the spiral stirrups 8 is 2m, the thread pitch is 20cm, no stirrup 8 is bound at the top of the reinforcement cage at the moment, the bottom of the reinforcement cage is lifted and dropped into a bearing pile for 2m, two reinforcements with the diameter of 10mm penetrate through the reinforcement cage on the top surface of the bearing pile to support the reinforcement cage and do not continuously drop, the two reinforcements are in cross distribution to form cross reinforcements 9, the length of a core poured into the reinforcement cage is determined to be 2m, then the main reinforcements 5 at the top of the reinforcement cage are outwards bent, and the vertical distance from the top ends of the main reinforcements to.
Simultaneously on the end plate of bearing pile top four 10mm thick connecting steel plate 12 of welding, welding diameter 20 mm's anchor muscle 10 on every connecting steel plate 12, anchor muscle 10 and 5 hoop alternate distributions of steel reinforcement cage owner muscle, then buckle anchor muscle 10, the state keeps unanimous with steel reinforcement cage top owner muscle 5 after buckling, select the stirrup 8 ligature that the diameter is 10mm this moment on main muscle 5 and anchor muscle 10 after buckling, and finally with main muscle 5, anchor muscle 10 and steel bar net rack 6 ligature nearby.
If the foundation bearing capacity is weaker, when groundwater is shallower, precast pile 1 selects the uplift pile, when the uplift pile is prefabricated, selects seven diameters to be 12mm, and length 60 cm's 11 rings of embedded reinforcement equipartitions are in the uplift pile to make it lay in the pile and with the prestressing tendons interval in turn and need with prestressing tendons ligature and pour the shaping, 11 one end of embedded reinforcement exposes the top surface of uplift pile after the shaping, and the interior steel reinforcement cage of uplift pile preparation step is as follows this moment: eight main reinforcements 5 with the diameter of 20mm are selected to be welded on a circular supporting plate 4 with the thickness of 5mm in the circumferential direction to form the bottom of a reinforcement cage, stirrups 8 with the diameter of 10mm are selected to be upwards bound on the eight main reinforcements 5 in a spiral manner from the bottom of the reinforcement cage, the binding height of the spiral stirrups 8 is 3.5m, the thread pitch is 20cm, no stirrup 8 is bound at the top of the reinforcement cage at the moment, the bottom of the reinforcement cage is lifted and dropped into an uplift pile for 3.5m, four reinforcements with the diameter of 10mm penetrate through the reinforcement cage on the top of the uplift pile to support the reinforcement cage and do not continuously drop, the four reinforcements are in a cross distribution in a shape like a Chinese character 'mi' to form cross reinforcements 9, the length of a core filled in the reinforcement cage is determined to be 3.5m, then, the main reinforcements at the top of the reinforcement cage are outwards bent, and the vertical distance from the top.
Set up steel sleeve at the 11 tip of embedded muscle that expose simultaneously, set up diameter 12 mm's anchor muscle 10 on the steel sleeve, anchor muscle 10 and the 5 hoop distribution in turn of steel reinforcement cage owner muscle, then buckle anchor muscle 10, the state keeps unanimous with steel reinforcement cage top owner muscle 5 after buckling, select this moment that the diameter is 10 mm's 8 ligatures of stirrup on main muscle 5 and anchor muscle 10 after buckling to finally with main muscle 5, anchor muscle 10 and the ligature of reinforcing bar rack 6 nearby.
It should be noted that: 1. the anchoring ribs 10 at the end plates of the precast pile 1 are required to be in spot welding with pile top crossed reinforcing steel bars 9, and the crossed reinforcing steel bars 9 are required to be welded with the reinforcing cage main reinforcing steel bars 5 into a whole.
2. Before pouring C35 micro-expansion fine stone concrete, removing floating slurry on the inner wall of the pile; the diameter of the supporting plate 4 is slightly smaller than the inner diameter of the precast pile 1.
The above-described embodiments are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention, and not intended to limit the scope of the invention, so that equivalent changes or modifications in the structure, features and principles described in the present invention should be included in the claims of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. The method for processing the passage under the soft foundation by using the small prefabricated pile group is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
leveling a soft foundation, and marking pile positions on the surface of the soft foundation;
secondly, hammering the precast pile (1) into a soft foundation by adopting a pile driver according to the vibration indicated by the marked pile position to form a precast pile group arranged in a rectangular array, wherein the top of the precast pile (1) is exposed;
thirdly, paving a broken stone cushion layer (2) and a concrete cushion layer (3) on the surface of the soft foundation in sequence, wherein the top surface of the concrete cushion layer (3) is lower than that of the precast pile (1);
manufacturing a reinforcement cage according to the inner diameter of the precast pile (1), arranging a supporting plate (4) at the bottom of the reinforcement cage, enabling the diameter of the supporting plate (4) to be the same as the inner diameter of the precast pile (1), hoisting the reinforcement cage into the precast pile (1), supporting the reinforcement cage by using a reinforcement at the top surface of the precast pile (1), exposing the top of the reinforcement cage, outwards bending the exposed main reinforcement (5) of the reinforcement cage, and bending the end part of the main reinforcement (5) into a hook shape;
fifthly, repeating the step four, and hoisting a reinforcement cage in each precast pile (1);
sixthly, laying a steel bar net rack (6) on the surface of the prefabricated group pile, and binding the steel bar net rack (6) with a main reinforcement (5) at the top of a steel reinforcement cage;
and (seventhly) respectively pouring concrete into the reinforcement cage and the reinforcement net rack (6), vibrating while pouring, and forming an integrally reinforced foundation after pouring forming so as to form a reinforced concrete bottom plate (7) for bearing the box culvert.
2. The method for processing the underpass of the soft foundation by the small precast piles as claimed in claim 1, wherein the soft foundation is leveled by removing the high-altitude, ground and underground obstacles within the range of the pile foundation to achieve the entry conditions of the precast pile (1) and the pile driver.
3. The method for processing the underpass of the soft foundation by the small precast pile group according to claim 1, wherein the gravel cushion layer (2) is a graded gravel cushion layer (2) with the thickness of 50cm, the gravel cushion layer is a cushion layer with the thickness of 50cm and is paved on the surface of the foundation after sand stone and other materials are uniformly mixed according to grades, and is tamped and compacted, the concrete cushion layer (3) is formed by paving concrete on the gravel cushion layer (2) after corresponding raw materials are mixed and stirred according to volume ratio, the paving thickness is 10cm, and the strength grade of the concrete cushion layer (3) is C20.
4. The method for treating underpass of soft foundation by small precast piles according to claim 1, wherein the precast pile (1) is selected from pressure bearing piles or uplift piles according to the bearing capacity of the foundation and the depth of underground water.
5. The method for treating the underpass of the soft foundation by the small precast pile group according to claim 4, wherein when the precast pile (1) is a pressure bearing pile, the steel reinforcement cage is manufactured by the following steps: choose four main muscle (5) with its hoop welding in order to constitute the steel reinforcement cage bottom on circular layer board (4), it upwards ligature on four main muscle (5) to select a stirrup (8) to be the heliciform from the steel reinforcement cage bottom, steel reinforcement cage top ligature stirrup (8) not, hang down 2m in the pressure-bearing pile with the steel reinforcement cage bottom, adopt two reinforcing bars to pass the steel reinforcement cage at the pressure-bearing pile top surface and no longer continue the whereabouts with the support steel reinforcement cage, the core length is irritated to the steel reinforcement cage is 2m, then outwards buckle steel reinforcement cage top main muscle (5).
6. The method for processing the underpass of the soft foundation by the small precast pile group according to claim 4, wherein when the precast pile (1) is a uplift pile, the steel reinforcement cage is manufactured by the following steps: choose eight main muscle (5) with its hoop welding in order to constitute the steel reinforcement cage bottom on circular layer board (4), it upwards ligature on eight main muscle (5) to select a stirrup (8) to be the heliciform from the steel reinforcement cage bottom, steel reinforcement cage top ligature stirrup (8), hang down steel reinforcement cage bottom 3.5m in to the bearing pile, adopt four reinforcing bars to pass the steel reinforcement cage at anti-floating pile top surface and no longer continue the whereabouts with the support steel reinforcement cage, steel reinforcement cage irritates core length and is 3.5m, then outwards buckle steel reinforcement cage top main muscle (5).
7. The method for processing the underpass of the soft foundation by the small precast pile group according to claim 1, wherein the bending angle of the main reinforcement (5) of the reinforcement cage is 15 degrees, and the end part of the main reinforcement (5) is made into a 135-degree hook; and the reinforcement cage in the precast pile (1) is poured to be flush with the top surface of the precast pile (1) by C35 micro-expansion fine stone concrete.
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CN112663418A (en) * | 2020-12-18 | 2021-04-16 | 湖北省路桥集团有限公司 | Pile-supported high embankment and construction method |
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CN116446435A (en) * | 2023-06-19 | 2023-07-18 | 中国土木工程集团有限公司 | Novel revetment pile foundation structure under complicated geological conditions |
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Application publication date: 20200626 |