CN111333287A - Treatment method for removing heavy metals in sludge by using traditional Chinese medicine - Google Patents
Treatment method for removing heavy metals in sludge by using traditional Chinese medicine Download PDFInfo
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- CN111333287A CN111333287A CN202010226935.7A CN202010226935A CN111333287A CN 111333287 A CN111333287 A CN 111333287A CN 202010226935 A CN202010226935 A CN 202010226935A CN 111333287 A CN111333287 A CN 111333287A
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- sludge
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F11/00—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F11/00—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor
- C02F11/02—Biological treatment
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F11/00—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor
- C02F11/12—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor by de-watering, drying or thickening
- C02F11/16—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor by de-watering, drying or thickening using drying or composting beds
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2101/00—Nature of the contaminant
- C02F2101/10—Inorganic compounds
- C02F2101/20—Heavy metals or heavy metal compounds
Abstract
The invention discloses a treatment method for removing heavy metals in sludge by using traditional Chinese medicines, which realizes a high-efficiency harmless and resource sludge treatment method. The sludge containing heavy metals is added with the traditional Chinese medicine radix sileris to remove the heavy metals in the sludge, the radix sileris, three auxiliary materials rich in organic matters and nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium and high-temperature zymophyte are added into the sludge containing the heavy metals to carry out aerobic fermentation, the heavy metals in the sludge are removed and form powdery organic fertilizer, the powdery organic fertilizer is applicable to landscaping, flowers, plants and trees, saline-alkali soil improvement soil, desert improvement soil, lawn and nursery garden, 100% resource utilization of the sludge is realized, and the treatment method has zero emission to the environment. The invention adopts the Chinese medicine ledebouriella root for the first time to remove the heavy metals in the sludge, and can complete the two procedures of removing the heavy metals and recycling resources at one time, thereby not only saving time and cost, but also avoiding the secondary pollution in the transfer process.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of environmental protection, and relates to a technical treatment method for heavy metals in sludge in rivers, lakes, reservoirs and sewers.
Background
Along with the improvement of the industrial manufacturing and mineral mining and refining capacity in China, a large amount of heavy metal wastewater, waste residues and the like generated by the method are directly discharged into the environment without treatment, so that the heavy metal pollution problem is increasingly prominent, and the heavy metals in the wastewater can be continuously deposited and migrated to silt and shore soil at the bottom of water for rivers, lakes, reservoirs, sewers and the like polluted by industrial wastewater (such as industries of chlor-alkali chemical industry, electroplating, printing and dyeing, paper making and the like), so that serious heavy metal harm is caused to organisms living at the bottom and shore, and the human health is finally harmed through food chain transmission. For example: japanese water ensures public nuisance events such as diseases and painful illness. Therefore, the treatment of heavy metal polluted sludge of rivers, lakes, reservoirs, sewers and the like becomes the most urgent task in the current urban construction.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the defects, the invention realizes the resource utilization of the sludge by a treatment method for removing heavy metals in the sludge by using traditional Chinese medicines.
A treatment method for removing heavy metals in sludge by traditional Chinese medicines comprises the following steps:
the Chinese medicine divaricate saposhnikovia root and the heavy metal sludge containing 65% of water are respectively put into a vibration stirrer in proportion, and are vibrated and stirred for 5 minutes, so that the heavy metal content of the obtained product meets the national standard.
Preferably, the ledebouriella root is in the form of dry powder.
Preferably, the adding proportion of the windbreak to the heavy metal sludge containing 65% of water is 1.5 kilograms of windbreak added per ton of sludge.
A treatment method for removing heavy metals in sludge by traditional Chinese medicines comprises the following steps:
step one, putting dry Chinese medicine radix sileris and heavy metal sludge containing 65% of water into a vibration stirrer respectively according to the addition of 1.5 kilograms of radix sileris in each ton of sludge, and vibrating and stirring for 5 minutes;
conveying the stirred sludge into a vibration stirrer, adding auxiliary materials and high-temperature zymophyte in proportion, and performing vibration stirring for 5 minutes, wherein the water content of the sludge is adjusted to be reduced from the original 65% to about 45%;
and step three, conveying the stirred sludge to a high-temperature fermentation field for high-temperature fermentation, raising the temperature of the sludge to about 70 ℃ after 4 days, maintaining the high-temperature state of 70 ℃ for 7 days, turning and throwing the sludge which is being fermented for three times by using a turner, and finally reducing the temperature to about 30 ℃ after one day, wherein the water content of the fermentation residues is about 25%.
Preferably, the auxiliary materials in the second step are corn bran, furfural residues and biochar.
Preferably, in the second step, 20% of corn bran, 20% of furfural residues, 6% of biochar and 0.5 kg of high-temperature fermentation tubes are added into each ton of sludge.
Preferably, the preparation method of the organic fertilizer is prepared by adopting the treatment method for removing heavy metals in the sludge by using the traditional Chinese medicine.
Preferably, the organic fertilizer prepared by the treatment method for removing the heavy metals in the sludge by using the traditional Chinese medicine is a powdery organic fertilizer with the heavy metals meeting the national agricultural sludge standard (GB4284-2018) and various detection indexes in the sludge meeting the national powdery organic fertilizer standard.
The invention has the following beneficial effects: 1. the invention utilizes a Chinese medicine radix sileris in combination with high-temperature zymophyte and adds three auxiliary materials rich in organic matters and nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium to carry out aerobic fermentation on the sludge, thereby removing heavy metals in the sludge, and directly preparing the powdery organic fertilizer in the production process, wherein the organic fertilizer can be suitable for landscaping, flowers, plants and trees, saline-alkali soil improvement soil, desert improvement soil, lawn, nursery garden and the like, thereby not only reducing and harmlessly realizing 100 percent utilization of the sludge; 2. the method has comprehensive heavy metal removal types, does not add harmful elements to the sludge and does not discharge any sewage and harmful substances in the whole production link, really achieves 100 percent zero emission and provides good guarantee for the resource utilization of the sludge after heavy metal treatment; 3. the method has the key points that the two processes of heavy metal removal and resource recycling can be completed at one time, so that the time and the cost are saved, and the secondary pollution is avoided more importantly; 4. the invention is easy to understand and learn, has less investment, simple equipment and short period, can be produced by a factory building with hardened ground, and is very suitable for large-scale production.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the invention and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments of the invention and together with the description serve to explain the principles of the invention and not to limit the invention. In the drawings:
FIG. 1 is a process flow diagram of the present invention;
in the figure: 1. stacking the sludge; 2. a conveyor; 3. a primary vibration stirrer; 4. radix Saposhnikoviae; 5. a secondary vibration stirrer; 6. corn bran as an auxiliary material; 7. auxiliary material furfural residue; 8. auxiliary material biochar; 9. high-temperature zymocyte; 10. a high-temperature fermentation field; 11. and (5) obtaining the finished organic fertilizer.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions of the present invention will be described clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, and it should be understood that the described embodiments are some, but not all embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "upper", "lower", "horizontal", "inside", "outside", and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, and are only used for convenience of description of the present invention, and do not indicate or imply that the referred devices or elements must have a specific orientation, be constructed in a specific orientation, and be operated, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present invention.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly, e.g., as meaning either a fixed connection, a removable connection, or an integral connection; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be connected directly or indirectly through intervening media, or they may be interconnected between two elements. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood in specific cases to those skilled in the art.
In addition, the technical features involved in the different embodiments of the present invention described below may be combined with each other as long as they do not conflict with each other.
Example 1
Radix sileris is a common traditional Chinese medicine and comprises the following main components: alkaloids, flavonoids, volatile oils, anthraquinones, saponins, coumarins, polyacetylenes, heteropoly acids, tannins, chromones, organic acids, and the like. Wherein, the organic acid, the flavonoid, the saponin, the heteropoly compound and the tannin have obvious adsorption and removal effects on heavy metals.
The method has the advantages that the Citric acid (Citric acid) in the organic acid has a good prospect for heavy metal restoration, the removal process of the Citric acid on the heavy metals is related to acidity, but depends on the binding capacity of acid radicals to a greater extent, and the integration effect of the acid radical ions is enough to remove a certain amount of heavy metals, so the removal result is not greatly influenced by the change of the removal environment, the reaction can be carried out under the mild acidic condition, and the Citric acid has a good removal effect on the heavy metals. And is readily biodegradable. Can be degraded in anaerobic or aerobic environment. The coordination capacity of citric acid is strong, so that the complex formed by the citric acid and heavy metal ions is stable and is difficult to be adsorbed and fixed by a solid phase, and a good removal effect is ensured.
The overall removal rate of the heavy metal by saponin is somewhat lower than that of citric acid in organic acids, which is determined by the different binding capacities and different mechanisms of action of the two removers on the heavy metal. One hypothesis of the mechanism for removing heavy metal from saponin is that saponin monomers are adsorbed onto a solid phase interface, and the saponin monomers are rearranged on the solid phase interface with metal ions adsorbed on the solid phase to self-assemble into semi-colloidal elements, so that heavy metal ions are removed. The removal rate of saponin to heavy metals copper, nickel, lead and zinc in the sludge is respectively 43%, 77%, 40% and 69% as the organic matter content is higher and the heavy metal removal rate is increased, the change of PH has small influence on the removal of copper, nickel and lead, the removal rate of zinc is obviously increased when PH is reduced to 2, in addition, the removal process of saponin to heavy metals has obvious kinetic change characteristics, 68.19% of nickel, 37.57% of chromium and 27.50% of manganese are removed from the sludge after 6h of oscillation, almost 100% of nickel can be removed after 24h of oscillation, and chromium and manganese are only increased to 54.70% and 35.67%, but the removal rate of manganese is not obviously increased. The removal kinetics curves of different heavy metals are presented as a fast phase and a slow phase. Therefore, the treatment process of the invention has two procedures and is provided with a program with vibration stirring.
Tannins and a plurality of plant skins contain tannins, tannins in tannins are also called plant tannins and are also called plant polyphenols which are natural high molecular compounds with rich resources, low price and easy obtainment, the tannins contain various functional groups, such as phenolic hydroxyl, carboxyl and the like, the tannins are active in chemical properties and widely exist in various plants, a plurality of ortho-phenolic hydroxyl groups in tannin molecules can form stable five-membered ring chelates with toxic metal ions in the form of oxygen anions, and the third phenolic hydroxyl group in a pyrogallol structure can promote the dissociation of the other two phenolic hydroxyl groups although not participating in complexation, thereby promoting the formation and the stability of complexes. Tannin molecules have a plurality of active genes, when the tannin molecules are contacted with heavy metal ions, the molecular weight of a possibly generated complex is high, the complex is high in hydrophobicity and easy to separate out, more metal ions are precipitated together due to the effects of rolling tape net catching, adsorption and bridging and the like in the process of generating alum floc by flocculation, a satisfactory removal effect is obtained, the adsorption capacity of a substance containing tannic acid is only slightly weaker than that of active carbon, and the optimal removal rates of a plurality of heavy metal ions can respectively reach 80.6%, 92.2%, 85.3%, 85.0% and 91.4% under the neutral or slightly alkaline condition for removing toxic heavy metal ions such as cadmium, aluminum, zinc, iron, manganese and the like.
The flavonoid carbonic glycoside component forms a macromolecular group, enters the flocculated sludge through adsorption and undergoes a series of flavonoid reactions, and particularly the flavonoid carbonic glycoside component forms a macromolecular group, enters the flocculated sludge and adsorbs heavy metal ions such as copper, iron and zinc ions.
The adsorption effect of the miscellaneous multi-bran is also good, and the soluble extracellular multi-bran secreted by the microorganism can be helpful for improving the resistance of the microorganism to heavy metals under the stress of heavy metal toxicity.
Based on the basic research, firstly, dry powdery Chinese medicine radix sileris 4 and heavy metal sludge 1 containing 65% of water are respectively put into a primary vibration stirrer 3 by a conveyor 2, the proportion of the sludge to the Chinese medicine radix sileris is 1.5 kilograms of the Chinese medicine radix sileris added to each ton of the sludge, the mixture is vibrated and stirred for five minutes, and the detection of the obtained product heavy metal meets the national standard requirement. The vibration link has two functions, namely, the Chinese medicinal ledebouriella root is uniformly mixed and stirred with the sludge, and the saponins need certain vibration while removing heavy metals.
Example 2
According to the invention, dry powdery Chinese medicine radix sileris 4 and heavy metal sludge 1 containing 65% of water are respectively put into a primary vibration stirrer 3 by a conveyor 2, the proportion of the sludge to the Chinese medicine radix sileris is that 1.5 kilograms of the Chinese medicine radix sileris is added into each ton of the sludge, and the mixture is vibrated and stirred for five minutes. The vibration link has two functions, namely, the Chinese medicinal ledebouriella root is uniformly mixed and stirred with the sludge, and the saponins need certain vibration while removing heavy metals. And (3) conveying the stirred sludge to a secondary vibration stirrer 5 through a conveyor 2 for secondary vibration stirring, and simultaneously adding auxiliary materials of corn bran 6, auxiliary material of furfural residue 7, auxiliary material of biochar 8 and high-temperature fermentation tubes 9. 20 percent of corn bran, 20 percent of furfural residues, 6 percent of biological carbon and 0.5 kilogram of high-temperature zymocyte (aspergillus niger, aspergillus oryzae, bacillus subtilis, bacillus licheniformis and lactobacillus) are added into each ton of sludge, and the sludge is vibrated and stirred for five minutes. The three auxiliary materials are put in order to reduce the moisture content of the sludge from 65 percent to 45 percent; secondly, laying is carried out for changing the treated sludge into a commercial organic fertilizer for resource recycling, because the three auxiliary materials are rich in organic matters, nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and other nutrients; thirdly, 6 percent of biochar is added to effectively remove a plurality of heavy metals in the sludge. The biochar has good chemical properties and stable adsorption performance, can resist strong acid, strong alkali, water immersion, high temperature and high pressure, is mainly subjected to physical adsorption in the adsorption process, has some chemoselective adsorption, and has good adsorption effect on mercury, cadmium, lead, chromium, arsenic, cobalt, copper and the like.
The water content of the sludge is reduced from about 65 percent to about 45 percent at present due to the influence of the added auxiliary materials. The stirred sludge is conveyed to a high-temperature fermentation field 10 through a conveyor 2 for high-temperature fermentation, and the stacking method of the sludge fermentation comprises the following steps: the length of 50 m, the width of 3.5 m and the thickness of 0.80 m, the temperature of the sludge can be raised to about 70 ℃ after about 4 days, the sludge is kept for 7 days at the high temperature of 70 ℃, a turner is used for turning and throwing the sludge which is fermented for three times, and then the temperature is lowered to about 30 ℃ after one day, so that the finished organic fertilizer 11 is obtained.
After production and processing for about eleven days, the removal rate of heavy metals contained in the sludge reaches the national standard (GB4284-2018) of agricultural sludge, the water content is about 25%, and various detection indexes in the sludge completely accord with the national standard of powdery organic fertilizer. The residual water in the sludge is evaporated by using a steam form in the process of carrying out high-temperature aerobic fermentation on the sludge, and all the plant diseases and insect pests bacteria are completely killed after 7 days of high-temperature fermentation. The auxiliary materials rich in organic matters, nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium added in the production process reach various standards specified by the national organic fertilizer.
In addition, the invention also provides an additive which is aspergillus niger, yeast, lactobacillus and high-temperature zymocyte (aspergillus niger, aspergillus oryzae, bacillus subtilis, bacillus licheniformis, yeast and lactobacillus), wherein the aspergillus niger, the yeast and the lactobacillus can better remove a plurality of heavy metals in sludge, wherein the adsorption rates of the aspergillus niger on copper, zinc and nickel are respectively 68%, 46% and 34%, and the adsorption rates of the yeast on cadmium, copper and nickel are respectively 70%, 65% and 62%. The removal rate of the lactic acid bacteria to arsenic removal reaches 97.8%, the removal rate of the lactic acid bacteria to cadmium reaches 53.5% -98.1%, and the removal rate of the lactic acid bacteria to lead reaches 42.9% -98.9%.
In conclusion, the treatment method for removing the heavy metals in the sludge has the advantages of safety, reliability, good removal effect, high adsorption speed, large adsorption quantity and the like, the whole period from the production of removing the heavy metals to the final production of the sludge into the product powdery organic fertilizer is about 11 days, and the obtained powdery organic fertilizer is suitable for landscaping, flowers, plants and trees, saline-alkali soil improvement soil, desert improvement soil, lawns, nurseries and the like.
Finally, it should be noted that: although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that changes may be made in the embodiments and/or equivalents thereof without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. A treatment method for removing heavy metals in sludge by traditional Chinese medicines comprises the following steps:
the Chinese medicine divaricate saposhnikovia root and the heavy metal sludge containing 65% of water are respectively put into a vibration stirrer in proportion, and are vibrated and stirred for 5 minutes, so that the heavy metal content of the obtained product meets the national standard.
2. The treatment method for removing heavy metals in sludge by using traditional Chinese medicines according to claim 1, which is characterized by comprising the following steps: the radix sileris is dry powder.
3. The treatment method for removing heavy metals in sludge by using traditional Chinese medicines according to claim 1, which is characterized by comprising the following steps: the adding proportion of the windproof components to the heavy metal sludge containing 65% of water is that 1.5 kilograms of the windproof components are added to each ton of sludge.
4. A treatment method for removing heavy metals in sludge by traditional Chinese medicines comprises the following steps:
step one, putting dry Chinese medicine radix sileris and heavy metal sludge containing 65% of water into a vibration stirrer respectively according to the addition of 1.5 kilograms of radix sileris in each ton of sludge, and vibrating and stirring for 5 minutes;
conveying the stirred sludge into a vibration stirrer, adding auxiliary materials and high-temperature zymophyte in proportion, and performing vibration stirring for 5 minutes, wherein the water content of the sludge is adjusted to be reduced from the original 65% to about 45%;
and step three, conveying the stirred sludge to a high-temperature fermentation field for high-temperature fermentation, raising the temperature of the sludge to about 70 ℃ after 4 days, maintaining the high-temperature state of 70 ℃ for 7 days, turning and throwing the sludge which is being fermented for three times by using a turner, and finally reducing the temperature to about 30 ℃ after one day, wherein the water content of the fermentation residues is about 25%.
5. The treatment method for removing heavy metals in sludge by using traditional Chinese medicines according to claim 4, which is characterized by comprising the following steps: and in the second step, the auxiliary materials are corn bran, furfural residues and biochar.
6. The treatment method for removing heavy metals in sludge by using traditional Chinese medicines according to claim 4 or 5, which is characterized by comprising the following steps: in the second step, 20 percent of corn bran, 20 percent of furfural residues, 6 percent of biological carbon and 0.5 kilogram of high-temperature zymocyte are added into each ton of sludge according to the proportion.
7. A preparation method of an organic fertilizer is characterized by comprising the following steps: the organic fertilizer adopts the treatment method for removing heavy metals in sludge by using the traditional Chinese medicine as claimed in claim 1.
8. The preparation method of the organic fertilizer as claimed in claim 7, characterized in that: the organic fertilizer is powdery organic fertilizer.
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Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| KR100793164B1 (en) * | 2006-08-30 | 2008-01-10 | 재단법인 포항산업과학연구원 | Method for extracting heavy metals from sludge with organic acids |
| CN101708936A (en) * | 2009-11-06 | 2010-05-19 | 海南福君生态环境科技有限公司 | Method for treating sludge with heavy metals exceeding standard |
| EP3081540A1 (en) * | 2013-12-03 | 2016-10-19 | Nanjing Delei Science Tecnology Co., Ltd | Sludge treatment system and method therefor |
| CN106830122A (en) * | 2017-03-09 | 2017-06-13 | 桂林融通科技有限公司 | Removal heavy metal in waste water inorganic agent |
| CN107162647A (en) * | 2017-05-05 | 2017-09-15 | 博川环境修复（北京）有限公司 | A kind of riverway sludge processing method |
-
2020
- 2020-03-27 CN CN202010226935.7A patent/CN111333287A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| KR100793164B1 (en) * | 2006-08-30 | 2008-01-10 | 재단법인 포항산업과학연구원 | Method for extracting heavy metals from sludge with organic acids |
| CN101708936A (en) * | 2009-11-06 | 2010-05-19 | 海南福君生态环境科技有限公司 | Method for treating sludge with heavy metals exceeding standard |
| EP3081540A1 (en) * | 2013-12-03 | 2016-10-19 | Nanjing Delei Science Tecnology Co., Ltd | Sludge treatment system and method therefor |
| CN106830122A (en) * | 2017-03-09 | 2017-06-13 | 桂林融通科技有限公司 | Removal heavy metal in waste water inorganic agent |
| CN107162647A (en) * | 2017-05-05 | 2017-09-15 | 博川环境修复（北京）有限公司 | A kind of riverway sludge processing method |
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Application publication date: 20200626 |