CN111329463A - Motion artifact elimination system based on PPG heart rate measurement and implementation method thereof - Google Patents
Motion artifact elimination system based on PPG heart rate measurement and implementation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 30
- 238000009532 heart rate measurement Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 21
- 230000008030 elimination Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 10
- 238000003379 elimination reaction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 10
- 238000013507 mapping Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 239000008280 blood Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 210000004369 blood Anatomy 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 238000012549 training Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 210000003205 muscle Anatomy 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000001228 spectrum Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000001360 synchronised effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000013186 photoplethysmography Methods 0.000 description 29
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000035515 penetration Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000005070 sampling Methods 0.000 description 3
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- 238000012880 independent component analysis Methods 0.000 description 2
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- A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
- A61B5/02—Detecting, measuring or recording pulse, heart rate, blood pressure or blood flow; Combined pulse/heart-rate/blood pressure determination; Evaluating a cardiovascular condition not otherwise provided for, e.g. using combinations of techniques provided for in this group with electrocardiography or electroauscultation; Heart catheters for measuring blood pressure
- A61B5/024—Detecting, measuring or recording pulse rate or heart rate
- A61B5/02416—Detecting, measuring or recording pulse rate or heart rate using photoplethysmograph signals, e.g. generated by infrared radiation
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- A61B5/7203—Signal processing specially adapted for physiological signals or for diagnostic purposes for noise prevention, reduction or removal
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
- A61B5/72—Signal processing specially adapted for physiological signals or for diagnostic purposes
- A61B5/7203—Signal processing specially adapted for physiological signals or for diagnostic purposes for noise prevention, reduction or removal
- A61B5/7207—Signal processing specially adapted for physiological signals or for diagnostic purposes for noise prevention, reduction or removal of noise induced by motion artifacts
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Abstract
The invention relates to a motion artifact elimination system based on PPG heart rate measurement and an implementation method thereof, and the motion artifact elimination system is technically characterized in that: the system control circuit is connected with the photoelectric sensor, alternately collects two groups of light intensity data of different flashes and carries out motion artifact elimination processing on the two groups of light intensity data. The invention collects the intensity of reflected light electric signals corresponding to two lights in real time, maps a reference signal into the range of an original PPG signal through numerical value mapping, and removes motion artifacts in the original PPG signal even tissue reflection signals through a synchronous difference method, thereby obtaining clear blood volume change signals and finally measuring the accurate heart rate under the motion condition.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of photoelectric measurement, and particularly relates to a motion artifact elimination system based on PPG heart rate measurement and an implementation method thereof.
Background
In heart rate measurement based on photoplethysmography (PPG), accurate heart rate measurements cannot be made while in motion due to the presence of motion artifacts. Particularly, when a person is tested to walk or run, the exercise frequency and the heart rate value are relatively close to each other, so that aliasing is caused to a certain degree, and the heart rate method of PPG cannot be accurately and continuously acquired.
The current method for eliminating motion artifacts generally uses an acceleration sensor as a reference input signal and is implemented by using some numerical algorithms, which mainly include the following two algorithms: (1) adaptive filtering algorithms, such as: least squares (LMS), Recursive Least Squares (RLS), Kalman filters (Kalman-Filter), and the like; (2) signal decomposition algorithms such as: independent Component Analysis (ICA), Empirical Mode Decomposition (EMD), Singular Spectrum Analysis (SSA) and the like, and the photoelectric signal is filtered or reconstructed according to the reference signal to achieve the aim of removing the motion artifact.
However, the above algorithm has problems: (1) the reference signals of the above two algorithms are typically motion signals (motion data acquired by a 6, 9-axis accelerometer) external to the optoelectronic system, and there is no explicit dependency relationship with the acquired optoelectronic signals. (2) Because the sampling frequency of the signals is in the millisecond level (less than 100Hz), the synchronism of the two signals cannot be ensured at all. (3) The adaptive filtering algorithm is very sensitive to the reference signal, while the signal decomposition algorithm usually requires matrix operation, and has huge calculation amount and storage amount, which are not suitable for being implemented in an embedded system with limited energy consumption and storage space.
In summary, the existing method performs secondary correction on the measured value from the data processing perspective, but cannot fundamentally eliminate the motion artifact problem in the PPG heart rate measurement, and is difficult to transplant into an embedded system. .
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art and provides a motion artifact elimination system based on PPG heart rate measurement and an implementation method thereof.
The technical problem to be solved by the invention is realized by adopting the following technical scheme:
the utility model provides a motion artifact cancellation system based on PPG heart rate is measured, includes two light sources, photoelectric sensor and system control circuit, and two light source positions are close to and set up for photoelectric sensor's central equidistance, system control circuit is connected with two light sources, controls two light sources and glistens twice and produce the light of different intensity and optical spectrum, system control circuit is connected with photoelectric sensor, gathers the light intensity data of two sets of different glistenings in turn and carries out motion artifact cancellation to two sets of light intensity data and handle.
The two groups of light intensity data are bright light intensity data of primary flash and dark light intensity data of secondary flash; the first light intensity has the ability to penetrate skin and muscle tissue, and the signal contains motion artifact and blood volume change information; the second light intensity has no ability to penetrate skin and muscle tissue and only motion artifact information is in the signal.
The light source adopts an LED lamp.
The system control circuit is formed by connecting an MCU and peripheral circuits thereof.
A method for realizing a motion artifact elimination system based on PPG heart rate measurement comprises the following steps:
step 1, a system control circuit controls two light sources to emit two groups of light rays with different light intensities and light frequency spectrums, and two groups of sensor data respectively comprising original PPG signals and reference signals are acquired through a photoelectric sensor;
step 2, the system control circuit learns a mapping model of the reference signal by an off-line training method for the two groups of sensor data;
step 3, mapping the original reference signal data by using a mapping model of the reference signal to obtain mapped reference data;
and 4, carrying out differential processing on the mapped reference data and the original PPG signal, removing motion artifact information in the PPG signal, and finally obtaining processed clean PPG data for subsequent signal processing.
The light source adopts an LED lamp.
The raw PPG signal contains motion artifact and blood volume change information, and the reference signal motion artifact information.
The specific implementation method of the step 2 comprises the following steps: collecting data of two paths of sensors, storing a batch of paired off-line data, and learning a mapping model of a reference signal by using a data training method.
And the off-line training of the two paths of sensor data is realized by adopting a least square method.
The mapping model of the reference signal uses a linear mapping model, a piecewise linear mapping model or a nonlinear mapping model.
The invention has the advantages and beneficial effects that:
the invention has reasonable design, two adjacent light sources are controlled to flash twice and emit light rays with two different light intensities and light frequency spectrums, the photoelectric sensor is used for collecting the intensity of reflected photoelectric signals corresponding to the two light rays in real time, the mapping relation between two groups of photoelectric signals is obtained through multiple experiments, the reference signal is mapped into the range of the original PPG signal through numerical value mapping, the motion artifact or even tissue reflection signal in the original PPG signal is removed through a synchronous difference method, so that clear blood volume change signals are obtained, and finally the accurate heart rate is measured under the motion condition.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the system connections of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a timing diagram of the operation of the system of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a block diagram of the system process flow of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a piecewise-linear mapping model trained in an embodiment.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
A motion artifact elimination system based on PPG heart rate measurement is shown in figure 1 and comprises a group of LED lamps (LED A + LED B), a photoelectric sensor PD and a system control circuit, wherein the system control circuit is respectively connected with the group of LED lamps A and LED lamps B and the photoelectric sensor PD. Wherein, the positions of the LED A and the LED B in a group of LED lamps are close and equidistant relative to the center of the photoelectric sensor PD, so as to ensure that the light intensity of two times of flashing lights of a group (LED A + LED B) is different and the penetration depth is different. The first flash is bright light and the second flash is dark light. Thereby generating light rays with different light intensities and light spectrums so as to ensure different PPG illumination effects, wherein the primary flash light has the capability of penetrating through skin and muscle tissues, and the signals contain motion artifact and blood volume change information; the secondary flash light has no ability to penetrate the skin and muscle tissue, and only motion artifact information is in the signal. The photoelectric sensor PD is located at the center of the LED lamp, and acquires light intensity data corresponding to two flashes of different light intensities of a group of (LEDA + LED B) lamps through the system control circuit so as to ensure that the LED A and the LED B lamps are normally driven to emit light twice and the photoelectric sensor correctly obtains a light intensity array in a light path.
In this embodiment, the system control circuit adopts a control circuit with a single chip microcomputer as a core, and is used for controlling the work time sequence of a group of LED a + LED B lamps to work, collecting data of the photoelectric sensor, and eliminating motion artifacts of the collected data.
As shown in fig. 2, a typical timing cycle (in microseconds) of the system control circuit is composed of two parts, an operating interval and a sleep interval, wherein the sleep interval is much longer than the operating interval. In the working interval, a group of LED A + LEDB flashing time slots work, in each time slot, the LED is lighted by a circuit in a specified time sequence to emit light, primary light, secondary dark light, light and dark light are alternately carried out, the operations of PD photoelectric sensing, analog-to-digital conversion, noise removal, data acquisition and the like are carried out immediately, and finally output data reflect the intensity of reflected light corresponding to the light emission. And the first bright light and the PD in the time slot A are matched for photoelectric acquisition, and the second dark light and the PD in the time slot B are matched for photoelectric acquisition. Because the positions of the LED A, the LED B and the PD are very close, and the sampling interval is more than ten microseconds, compared with the movement of a human body (generally, the movement is in the second level), the light path change of two groups of sampling values in the same working interval is very small; and because the light intensity and the wavelength between the optical path systems are different, the penetration capacity is different. In practice, the secondary flash can be controlled to be dark light, so that the penetration capacity of the secondary flash is weak, and the returned light signal only contains a motion artifact signal in the light path. While a flash is normally configured so that its returned light signal contains both the useful PPG signal and motion artifact signals caused by motion. A signal mapping model can be constructed through learning of two groups of signals acquired twice, reference signals acquired by secondary flash are mapped to a space acquired by primary flash, and a PPG signal without motion artifacts is obtained through a simple difference method.
The invention also provides an implementation method of the motion artifact removal system based on PPG heart rate measurement, as shown in FIG. 3, the implementation method comprises the following steps:
step 1, a system control circuit controls a group of LEDA + LED B lamps to flash twice to emit light rays with different light intensities and light frequency spectrums, and two paths of sensor data are collected through a photoelectric sensor PD.
In the step, the system control circuit controls a group of LEDA + LED B to flash light to emit light with different light intensity and light frequency twice, wherein the light of one flash has the capability of penetrating through skin and muscle tissues, and the signal contains the movement artifact and the change information of blood volume; the secondary flash light has no ability to penetrate the skin and muscle tissue, and only motion artifact information is in the signal. And controlling the photoelectric sensor to sample alternately in microsecond time slices to obtain a PPG signal with reference information (in the embodiment, the primary flash acquisition data represents the original PPG signal, and the secondary flash acquisition data represents the reference information). The original PPG signal contains blood flow information, optical path change information, and random noise, while the reference signal contains only the optical path change information and random noise. Because the light paths are the same and the acquisition time is close (microsecond level), the variation trend of the light path change information in the two paths of data generated by the light paths is basically consistent and only has difference in amplitude.
And 2, learning a mapping model of the reference signal by the system control circuit by adopting an off-line training method for the two paths of sensor data.
In this step, the system controls a single channel to collect two channels of sensor data, stores a batch of paired off-line data (each pair of data includes a PPG data point and a reference data point), and learns a mapping model of a reference signal using a data training method. The mapping model of the reference signal can be selected from a simple linear mapping model, a piecewise linear mapping model and a nonlinear mapping model.
In this embodiment, a piecewise linear model is used, and model training is performed by spline transformation, and the trained piecewise linear model is shown in fig. 4.
And 3, mapping the B group of data by using a mapping model of the reference signal to obtain the B group of mapped reference data. The mapping model can map the amplitude of the reference signal to the PPG raw signal space by a numerical transformation.
And 4, carrying out differential processing on the mapped B group reference data and the A group original PPG data, removing motion artifact information in the PPG signal, and finally obtaining processed clean PPG data for subsequent signal processing.
Nothing in this specification is said to apply to the prior art.
It should be emphasized that the embodiments described herein are illustrative rather than restrictive, and thus the present invention is not limited to the embodiments described in the detailed description, but also includes other embodiments that can be derived from the technical solutions of the present invention by those skilled in the art.
Claims (10)
1. A motion artifact cancellation system based on PPG heart rate measurement is characterized in that: including two light sources, photoelectric sensor and system control circuit, two light source positions are close to and set up for photoelectric sensor's central equidistance, system control circuit is connected with two light sources, controls two light sources and glistens twice and produce the light of different intensity and optical spectrum, system control circuit is connected with photoelectric sensor, gathers the light intensity data of two sets of different glistenings in turn and carries out motion artifact elimination processing to two sets of light intensity data.
2. A motion artifact cancellation system based on PPG heart rate measurement according to claim 1, characterized in that: the two groups of light intensity data are bright light intensity data of primary flash and dark light intensity data of secondary flash; the first light intensity has the ability to penetrate skin and muscle tissue, and the signal contains motion artifact and blood volume change information; the second light intensity has no ability to penetrate skin and muscle tissue and only motion artifact information is in the signal.
3. A motion artifact cancellation system based on PPG heart rate measurements according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: the light source adopts an LED lamp.
4. A motion artifact cancellation system based on PPG heart rate measurements according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: the system control circuit is formed by connecting an MCU and peripheral circuits thereof.
5. Method of implementing a PPG heart rate measurement based motion artifact cancellation system according to any of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that it comprises the following steps:
step 1, a system control circuit controls two light sources to emit two groups of light rays with different light intensities and light frequency spectrums, and two groups of sensor data respectively comprising original PPG signals and reference signals are acquired through a photoelectric sensor;
step 2, the system control circuit learns a mapping model of the reference signal by an off-line training method for the two groups of sensor data;
step 3, mapping the original reference signal data by using a mapping model of the reference signal to obtain mapped reference data;
and 4, carrying out differential processing on the mapped reference data and the original PPG signal, removing motion artifact information in the PPG signal, and finally obtaining processed clean PPG data for subsequent signal processing.
6. The method of claim 5, wherein the PPG heart rate measurement-based motion artifact cancellation system comprises: the light source adopts an LED lamp.
7. The method of claim 5, wherein the PPG heart rate measurement-based motion artifact cancellation system comprises: the raw PPG signal contains motion artifact and blood volume change information, and the reference signal motion artifact information.
8. The method of claim 5, wherein the PPG heart rate measurement-based motion artifact cancellation system comprises: the specific implementation method of the step 2 comprises the following steps: collecting data of two paths of sensors, storing a batch of paired off-line data, and learning a mapping model of a reference signal by using a data training method.
9. The method of claim 5, wherein the PPG heart rate measurement-based motion artifact cancellation system comprises: and the off-line training of the two paths of sensor data is realized by adopting a least square method.
10. The method of claim 5, wherein the PPG heart rate measurement-based motion artifact cancellation system comprises: the mapping model of the reference signal uses a linear mapping model, a piecewise linear mapping model or a nonlinear mapping model.
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN112587111A (en) * | 2020-12-01 | 2021-04-02 | 清华大学 | Physiological signal acquisition method and system |
| WO2022228480A1 (en) * | 2021-04-30 | 2022-11-03 | 荣耀终端有限公司 | Wearable device based on photoplethysmography (ppg) and control method therefor |
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