CN111326834B - Symmetric double-arm rectangular-circular waveguide mode converter - Google Patents
Symmetric double-arm rectangular-circular waveguide mode converter Download PDFInfo
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- CN111326834B CN111326834B CN202010129072.1A CN202010129072A CN111326834B CN 111326834 B CN111326834 B CN 111326834B CN 202010129072 A CN202010129072 A CN 202010129072A CN 111326834 B CN111326834 B CN 111326834B
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01P—WAVEGUIDES; RESONATORS, LINES, OR OTHER DEVICES OF THE WAVEGUIDE TYPE
- H01P1/00—Auxiliary devices
- H01P1/16—Auxiliary devices for mode selection, e.g. mode suppression or mode promotion; for mode conversion
- H01P1/163—Auxiliary devices for mode selection, e.g. mode suppression or mode promotion; for mode conversion specifically adapted for selection or promotion of the TE01 circular-electric mode
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01P—WAVEGUIDES; RESONATORS, LINES, OR OTHER DEVICES OF THE WAVEGUIDE TYPE
- H01P1/00—Auxiliary devices
- H01P1/16—Auxiliary devices for mode selection, e.g. mode suppression or mode promotion; for mode conversion
Abstract
The invention discloses a symmetrical double-arm rectangular circular waveguide mode converter, and aims to provide a mode converter with a compact structureCompact, small reflection coefficient, and high mode conversion efficiency. The invention is realized by the following scheme: the rectangular waveguide inserted into the waveguide cavity of the layer A is turned by 90 degrees through the bottom step and then is changed into a wide waveguide, the waveguide is stretched towards two sides by taking the center of the wide edge of the waveguide as a symmetrical surface, and the waveguide is bent by 180 degrees through two continuous wide edge steps to form symmetrical double arms in a folding form; the rectangular waveguide with the bent bottom end is connected with the circular coupling cavity to form symmetrical double arms, and is converted and connected to the circular waveguides at the centers of two sides of the symmetrical double arms after passing through the circular disc at the center of the circular coupling cavity; TE in rectangular waveguide10The mode signal is divided into two paths of TE with equal amplitude and same phase by means of a diaphragm of a symmetrical plane10After the mode signal enters symmetrical double arms, two paths of TE with equal amplitude and same phase are paired by means of a disc10Mode signal coupling to form circular waveguide TM with rotation characteristic01The mode signal enters the circular waveguide.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of microwave/millimeter wave, in particular to a TE (transverse electric) waveguide comprising a rectangular waveguide10Mode and circular waveguide TM01The mode converter is especially one symmetrical double-arm rectangular-circular waveguide mode converter for signal transition between rectangular waveguide and circular waveguide.
Background
TE with lowest cut-off frequency in guided mode of rectangular waveguide10The modes are called primary modes and the other modes are called higher order modes. For a rectangular waveguide with the cross-sectional dimension of a x b, when the working frequency is lower than the cutoff frequency, the electromagnetic wave is rapidly attenuated, and the waveguide presents the characteristic of a high-pass filter; only when the working frequency is higher than the cut-off frequency, the electromagnetic wave can be conducted and transmitted. The rectangular waveguide has simple structure, easy processing and TE master mode10The waveguide fiber has the advantages of low loss, wide frequency band and easy excitation, and is often used as a main transmission line mode of microwaves, particularly millimeter wave frequency bands. Unlike rectangular waveguides, circular waveguides are commonly used in modes other than the fundamental mode TE11In addition, it also includes higher-order mode TE01And TM01And the like. In high power microwave systems, energy transmission often requires the use of suitable higher order modes, and waveguide mode conversion is often a problemRectangular-circular waveguide mode conversion is among the most common and important components. Wherein the circular waveguide TM01The mode magnetic field is a closed curve in the transverse section of the waveguide, and the power lines have transverse and longitudinal components and are in a space distribution state. Complete circular waveguide TM01The electromagnetic field of the mode has the characteristic of axial symmetry, and therefore, the electromagnetic field is mainly applied to a rotary connection feeder line and a waveguide radial power combiner. Due to TM01The mode is not a circular waveguide primary mode, and how to excite it broadband, with high efficiency, and suppress other modes becomes a key to the design of the mode converter. How to use a commonly used rectangular waveguide TE10Mode conversion to circular waveguide TM01Mode becomes a problem that must be solved in microwave/millimeter wave circuit design.
Rectangular waveguide master mode and circular waveguide TM01The technology of the mode conversion is reported in the domestic and foreign literatures and patents. Although various rectangular waveguide fundamental modes TE have been studied10And circular waveguide TM01However, these mode converters generally have the disadvantages of complex structure, low conversion efficiency, narrow working bandwidth, etc., and cannot meet the application requirements of the system well. One of them is based on circular waveguide TM01A radial waveguide power divider and a power synthesizer of a mode (Chinese patent No. 201610944277.9) disclose a power divider and a power synthesizer which comprise an input port for inputting rectangular waveguide signals, a mode converter connected with the input port, a first-stage magic T neutralizing arm for dividing the input signals into two paths of equiamplitude in-phase signals, two C-shaped curved waveguides which are connected with the first-stage magic T comprehensive arm and used for transmitting the output of the first-stage magic T neutralizing arm, all paths of equiamplitude in-phase signals, a second-stage magic T neutralizing arm connected with the tail end of each C-shaped curved waveguide, four arc-shaped curved waveguides which are respectively connected with each path of output signals of the second-stage magic T neutralizing arm and circular excitation ports connected with the tail ends of all the arc-shaped curved waveguides. The mode converter realizes four-end excitation of circular waveguide TM by means of a rectangular waveguide 4-path power divider01The mode converter has a complex structural form, and the signal transmission path is greatly increased due to the adoption of the multi-path power dividerThe mode converter losses are high. Document circular waveguide (TM)01-rectangular waveguide TE10A circular waveguide TM was developed by Guo Laitan et al, a high power microwave technology key laboratory, of the institute of Nuclear technology, northwest, in the report of mode converter01-rectangular waveguide TE10Mode converter capable of realizing circular waveguide (TM)01Mode and rectangular waveguide TE10And (4) mutual conversion between the modes. The working principle of the mode converter is analyzed through the S parameter matrix, and the design process of the mode converter with the central frequency of the X waveband of 9.7GHz and the design result of the mode converter with the S waveband and the C waveband are given through the symmetric electromagnetic boundary conditions. Simulation results show that: when the central frequency is 9.7GHz, the conversion efficiency of the mode converter is more than 99.99%, the return loss is less than-40 dB, the bandwidth when the conversion efficiency is more than 90% is more than 0.4GHz, and the relative bandwidth is only 4.1%.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the existing microwave/millimeter wave rectangular waveguide TE10Mode and circular waveguide TM01The invention provides a broadband and high-efficiency rectangular waveguide-circular waveguide mode converter with a symmetrical double-arm structure, which has the advantages of compact structure, small reflection coefficient and high mode conversion efficiency, and achieves the purpose of improving the transition efficiency of microwave/millimeter wave signals among different transmission lines.
The above object of the present invention can be achieved by a symmetrical two-arm rectangular circular waveguide mode converter comprising: at least three layers of laminated rectangular conductors, a rectangular waveguide 1 inserted from the top of the conductor of the layer A, a conductor of the layer B provided with a circular coupling cavity 4, a circular waveguide 6 inserted from the bottom of the layer C, and a plurality of fastening screws arranged around the waveguide cavity, wherein: the rectangular waveguide 1 inserted into the waveguide cavity of the layer A turns 90 degrees through the bottom step 2 and then becomes a wide waveguide 7, the waveguide is stretched towards two sides by taking the center of the wide side of the waveguide as a symmetrical surface, and the waveguide is bent 180 degrees through two continuous wide side steps 8 to form a symmetrical double arm 3 in a folding form; the rectangular waveguide 1 with the bent bottom end is connected with a circular coupling cavity 4 and a symmetrical double arm 3, and is converted and connected to a circular waveguide 6 positioned at the centers of two sides of the symmetrical double arm 3 after passing through a disc 5 at the center of the circular coupling cavity 4; rectangular waveTE in lead 110The mode signal is divided into two paths of TE with equal amplitude and same phase by means of a diaphragm 9 positioned on a symmetrical plane10The mode signal enters a symmetrical double arm 3, and two paths of TE with equal amplitude and same phase are coupled in a circular coupling cavity 4 by a disc 510Mode signals are coupled to form a circular waveguide TM with magnetic lines of force having rotation characteristics01The mode signal then enters the circular waveguide 6.
The present invention has the following advantageous effects compared to the mode converter of the prior art.
Compact structure and small reflection coefficient. The invention adopts three layers of laminated rectangular conductors, the rectangular waveguide 1 inserted from the top of the conductor A is provided with the conductor B of the round coupling cavity 4, and the round waveguide 6 inserted from the bottom of the conductor C forms the symmetrical double-arm rectangular-round waveguide mode converter, thus having the advantages of small volume, light weight, compact structure, low processing and manufacturing difficulty and the like. The rectangular waveguide 1 inserted into the A-layer waveguide cavity is turned by 90 degrees through the bottom step 2 to become the wide waveguide 7, and the waveguide is stretched towards two sides by taking the center of the wide side of the waveguide as a symmetrical surface in an impedance transformation mode, so that good impedance matching of a waveguide port is realized, and the reflection coefficient is small.
And (4) a wide frequency band. The invention adopts a folding type symmetrical double arm 3 formed by bending two continuous wide-edge steps 8 for 180 degrees to be connected with a circular coupling cavity 4, and the symmetrical double arm is converted and connected to a circular waveguide 6 positioned at the centers of two sides of the symmetrical double arm 3 after passing through a disc 5 at the center of the circular coupling cavity 4. The mode converter is excited by means of two symmetrical arms, and the structural symmetry is favorable for exciting a circular waveguide TM with rotation symmetry01Mode signaling and therefore the present invention provides a significant improvement in operating bandwidth over the prior art. By carrying out numerical calculation on an example of a 3mm wave band, the relative bandwidth of the mode converter with conversion efficiency of more than 90% reaches 20%, and the problem that high-order modes influence the working bandwidth of the mode converter is avoided.
The conversion efficiency is high. TE in rectangular waveguide 1 of the invention10The mode signal is divided into two paths of TE with equal amplitude and same phase by means of a diaphragm 9 positioned on a symmetrical plane10The mode signal enters symmetrical double arms 3, and two paths of TE with equal amplitude and same phase are processed in a circular coupling cavity 4 by a disc 510Mode signal couplingForming a circular waveguide TM with magnetic lines of force having a rotating characteristic01The mode signal then enters the circular waveguide 6. Adopts double-arm excitation and short transmission path, and overcomes the defect that the prior art realizes four-end excitation by means of a rectangular waveguide 4-path power divider01The defect of complex structural form of the mode converter and the problem of high loss of the mode converter caused by greatly increasing signal transmission paths due to the adoption of a multi-path power divider in the prior art. By carrying out numerical calculation on an example of a 3mm waveband, the mode converter has the highest conversion efficiency of 99.9% at the central frequency of 96GHz, and the problems of high-order modes and energy loss caused by too complicated mode conversion process can be avoided.
The invention is mainly applied to the signal transition between the rectangular waveguide and the circular waveguide.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a three-dimensional perspective view of a symmetric dual-arm rectangular waveguide mode converter of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a front perspective view of fig. 1.
Fig. 3 is an internal structure view of the B-layer conductor a' in fig. 2.
Fig. 4 is an internal structure view of the B-layer conductor B' in fig. 2.
In the figure: 1 rectangular waveguide, 2 steps, 3 symmetrical double arms, 4 circular coupling cavities, 5 circular discs, 6 circular waveguides, 7 wide waveguides, 8 wide-edge steps and 9 diaphragms.
The invention is further illustrated by the following figures and examples.
Detailed Description
Refer to fig. 1 and 2. In embodiments described below, a symmetric two-arm rectangular circular waveguide mode converter, comprising: at least three layers of laminated rectangular conductors, a rectangular waveguide 1 inserted from the top of the conductor of the layer A, a conductor of the layer B provided with a circular coupling cavity 4, a circular waveguide 6 inserted from the bottom of the layer C, and a plurality of fastening screws arranged around the waveguide cavity, wherein: the rectangular waveguide 1 inserted into the waveguide cavity of the layer A turns 90 degrees through the bottom step 2 and then becomes a wide waveguide 7, the waveguide is stretched towards two sides by taking the center of the wide side of the waveguide as a symmetrical surface, and the waveguide is bent 180 degrees through two continuous wide side steps 8 to form a symmetrical double arm 3 in a folding form; moment after bottom bendingThe shape waveguide 1 is connected with the circular coupling cavity 4 through the symmetrical double arms 3, and is converted and connected to the circular waveguides 6 positioned at the centers of two sides of the symmetrical double arms 3 after passing through the disc 5 at the center of the circular coupling cavity 4; TE in a rectangular waveguide 110The mode signal is divided into two paths of TE with equal amplitude and same phase by means of a diaphragm 9 positioned on a symmetrical plane10The mode signal enters symmetrical double arms 3, and two paths of TE with equal amplitude and same phase are processed in a circular coupling cavity 4 by a disc 510Mode signals are coupled to form a circular waveguide TM with magnetic lines of force having rotation characteristics01The mode signal then enters the circular waveguide 6.
The rectangular waveguide/circular waveguide mode converter with the symmetrical double-arm structure divides the waveguide into two wide-side steps 8 of the symmetrical double arms 3 according to the surfaces of the two wide-side steps for processing the internal structure, and after division, a three-layer conductor structure of a layer A, a layer B and a layer C is formed, wherein the rectangular waveguide 1 is inserted from the top of the conductor of the layer A and is crosslinked on the symmetrical double arms 3 through the bottom step 2 and a joint surface a' between the bottom end surface a and the conductor of the layer B. The bottom step 2 of the A-layer conductor is orthogonally symmetrical with the double arms 3, and the bottom step 2 turns by 90 degrees and then becomes a wide waveguide 7. The symmetrical double arms 3 form a hollow rectangular body by using an upper wide-side step 8 and a lower wide-side step 8 on two sides, and the long sides at the bottom are extended towards the left side and the right side by using the disc 5 as the center to form a circular coupling cavity 4 which is in mirror symmetry and surrounds the disc 5. The round coupling cavity 4 extends downwards through the interface B' of the C-layer conductor B to form a complete shielding cavity, the round waveguide 6 is coupled with the symmetrical double arms 3 through the C-layer conductor and the round coupling cavity 4 connecting disc 5, and the three layers of the A layer, the B layer and the C layer are locked through screws to form a complete rectangular waveguide/round waveguide mode converter with a symmetrical double-arm structure.
See fig. 3. The layer A conductor is provided with fastening screw holes surrounding the waveguide cavity, the rectangular waveguide 1 is inserted into the waveguide cavity at the top of the layer A conductor, turns and extends for 90 degrees through the bottom step 2 and then becomes the wide waveguide 7, the waveguide is stretched towards two sides by taking the center of the wide side of the waveguide as a symmetrical surface to form a long-side rectangular body of symmetrical double arms 3, the long-side rectangular body is bent for 90 degrees and connected with the wide side steps 8 at two ends to form a hollow rectangular body, and then the hollow rectangular body penetrates through the a' intersection surface of the layer B conductor. The waveguide is cut at the bottom of the long-edge rectangular body through a diaphragm 9 into two parts, wherein the symmetrical diaphragm 9 is connected with a wide-edge ladder 8, and the wide waveguide 7 enables the symmetrical double arms 3 at two sides to be downwards inserted into a conductor at a layer B from the bottom surface a of the conductor at the layer A to the interface surface a' of the conductor at the layer B.
See fig. 4. The B-layer conductor is symmetrically cut according to the symmetrical double arms 3 to form a rectangular cavity with wide-edge steps 8 at two ends, the rectangular cavity extends towards the left side and the right side by taking the disc 5 as the center to form a circular coupling cavity 4 which surrounds the disc 5 in a mirror symmetry mode, the circular coupling cavity 4 extends towards the B surface of the C-layer conductor through the joint surface B' of the B-layer conductor to form a complete shielding cavity, and the symmetrical double arms 3 penetrate through the B surface of the C-layer conductor and are connected to circular waveguides 6 at the centers of two sides through the disc 5 positioned at the center of the circular coupling cavity 4.
The foregoing is directed to the preferred embodiment of the present invention and it is noted that the above-mentioned embodiments illustrate rather than limit the invention, and that those skilled in the art will be able to design alternative embodiments without departing from the scope of the appended claims. It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications and improvements can be made without departing from the spirit and substance of the invention, and these modifications and improvements are also considered to be within the scope of the invention.
Claims (9)
1. A symmetric two-arm rectangular-circular waveguide mode converter comprising: the three-layer laminated rectangular conductor is respectively an A-layer conductor, a B-layer conductor and a C-layer conductor from top to bottom, a rectangular waveguide (1) inserted from the top of the A-layer conductor is manufactured with a B-layer conductor of a circular coupling cavity (4), a circular waveguide (6) inserted from the bottom of the C-layer conductor, and a plurality of fastening screws arranged around the waveguide cavity of the circular waveguide (6), and the three-layer laminated rectangular conductor is characterized in that: the rectangular waveguide (1) inserted into the conductor of the layer A is turned by 90 degrees through the bottom step (2) and then is changed into a wide waveguide (7), the wide waveguide (7) is stretched towards two sides by taking the center of the wide edge of the wide waveguide (7) as a symmetrical surface, and the wide waveguide is bent by 180 degrees through two continuous wide edge steps (8) to form a symmetrical double arm (3) in a folding form; the rectangular waveguide (1) is connected with the circular coupling cavity (4) through the symmetrical double arms (3) and is converted and connected to the circular waveguide (6) after passing through the disc (5) at the center of the circular coupling cavity (4); TE in a rectangular waveguide (1)10The mode signal is divided into two paths of TE with equal amplitude and same phase by a diaphragm (9) positioned on a symmetrical plane10The mode signal enters a symmetrical double arm (3), and two paths of TE with equal amplitude and same phase are processed in a circular coupling cavity 4 by a disc (5)10Mode signals are coupled to form a circular waveguide TM with magnetic lines of force having rotation characteristics01The mode signal then enters the circular waveguide (6).
2. The symmetric dual-arm rectangular-circular waveguide mode converter according to claim 1, wherein: the symmetrical double-arm rectangular circular waveguide mode converter divides the waveguide into two wide side steps (8) of a symmetrical double arm (3) according to the surfaces to process the internal structure, and the three-layer conductor structure of the layer A, the layer B and the layer C is formed after division.
3. The symmetric dual-arm rectangular circular waveguide mode converter according to claim 2, wherein: the rectangular waveguide (1) is inserted from the top of the layer A conductor, penetrates through the upper end face a of the layer A conductor and the joint face a' of the layer B conductor through the bottom step (2), and then is connected with the symmetrical double arms (3).
4. The symmetric dual-arm rectangular circular waveguide mode converter according to claim 2, wherein: the bottom step (2) of the A-layer conductor is orthogonal to the symmetrical double arms (3), and the bottom step (2) turns at 90 degrees and then becomes the wide waveguide (7).
5. The symmetric dual-arm rectangular-circular waveguide mode converter according to claim 1, wherein: the symmetrical double arms (3) form a hollow rectangular body by using an upper wide-edge step (8) and a lower wide-edge step (8) on two sides, and the long edges at the bottom are expanded to the left side and the right side by using the disc (5) as the center to form a circular coupling cavity (4) which is in mirror symmetry and surrounds the disc (5).
6. A symmetric dual-arm rectangular circular waveguide mode converter according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: the round coupling cavity (4) extends downwards through the interface B' of the corresponding C-layer conductor to form a complete shielding cavity, the round waveguide (6) is coupled with the symmetrical double arms (3) through the C-layer conductor and the round coupling cavity (4) connecting disc (5), and the A-layer conductor, the B-layer conductor and the C-layer conductor are locked through screws to form a complete symmetrical double-arm rectangular-round waveguide mode converter.
7. The symmetric dual-arm rectangular circular waveguide mode converter according to claim 2, wherein: a fastening screw hole surrounding a waveguide cavity is formed in the conductor of the layer A, the rectangular waveguide (1) is inserted into the waveguide cavity at the top of the conductor of the layer A, turns and extends for 90 degrees through the bottom step (2) and then becomes the wide waveguide (7), the waveguide is stretched towards two sides by taking the center of the wide side of the waveguide as a symmetrical surface to form a long-side rectangular body of symmetrical double arms (3), and the long-side rectangular body is bent for 90 degrees and connected with wide side steps (8) at two ends to form a hollow rectangular body and then penetrates through an a' connection surface of the conductor of the layer B.
8. The symmetric dual-arm rectangular circular waveguide mode converter according to claim 7, wherein: the bottom long-side rectangular body of the rectangular waveguide (1) is divided into two symmetrical parts through a diaphragm (9) and is respectively connected with wide-side ladders (8), and the symmetrical double arms (3) are downwards inserted into the B layer of conductors from the lower end face a of the corresponding A layer of conductors to the joint face a' of the corresponding B layer of conductors.
9. The symmetric dual-arm rectangular-circular waveguide mode converter according to claim 1, wherein: the circular coupling cavity (4) is arranged around the disc (5), the circular coupling cavity (4) extends to the B surface of the C layer conductor through the B layer conductor interface surface B' to form a complete shielding cavity, and the symmetrical double arms (3) penetrate through the upper end surface of the corresponding C layer conductor B and are connected to the circular waveguide (6) through the disc (5) positioned in the center of the circular coupling cavity (4).
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| CN208507906U (en) * | 2018-07-27 | 2019-02-15 | 武汉虹信通信技术有限责任公司 | A kind of micro-strip Waveguide conversion device and radio circuit |
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| US20080068110A1 (en) * | 2006-09-14 | 2008-03-20 | Duly Research Inc. | Symmetrized coupler converting circular waveguide TM01 mode to rectangular waveguide TE10 mode |
| CN102280676A (en) * | 2011-06-13 | 2011-12-14 | 中国工程物理研究院电子工程研究所 | Circular waveguide TE01 mode converter |
| TW201340457A (en) * | 2012-03-27 | 2013-10-01 | Nat Univ Tsing Hua | Multi-channel mode converter and rotary joint operating with a series of TE mode electromagnetic wave |
| CN108011159B (en) * | 2017-11-09 | 2021-02-05 | 电子科技大学 | Rectangular waveguide TE10Mode-circular waveguide TE01Mode converter |
| CN110048204B (en) * | 2019-03-28 | 2021-05-11 | 西南电子技术研究所（中国电子科技集团公司第十研究所） | Rectangular waveguide radial power combiner |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN208507906U (en) * | 2018-07-27 | 2019-02-15 | 武汉虹信通信技术有限责任公司 | A kind of micro-strip Waveguide conversion device and radio circuit |
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