CN111326806A - Battery management system and vehicle - Google Patents

Battery management system and vehicle Download PDF

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Publication number
CN111326806A
CN111326806A CN202010196088.4A CN202010196088A CN111326806A CN 111326806 A CN111326806 A CN 111326806A CN 202010196088 A CN202010196088 A CN 202010196088A CN 111326806 A CN111326806 A CN 111326806A
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China
Prior art keywords
battery
management system
control signal
battery management
module
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Pending
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CN202010196088.4A
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
江吉兵
郑剑
万里平
刘金成
袁中直
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Hubei Eve Power Co Ltd
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Hubei Eve Power Co Ltd
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Priority to CN202010196088.4A priority Critical patent/CN111326806A/en
Publication of CN111326806A publication Critical patent/CN111326806A/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
    • H01M10/425—Structural combination with electronic components, e.g. electronic circuits integrated to the outside of the casing
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L53/00—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles
    • B60L53/50—Charging stations characterised by energy-storage or power-generation means
    • B60L53/53—Batteries
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L58/00—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles
    • B60L58/10—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
    • H01M10/4285—Testing apparatus
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
    • H01M10/48—Accumulators combined with arrangements for measuring, testing or indicating the condition of cells, e.g. the level or density of the electrolyte
    • H01M10/482—Accumulators combined with arrangements for measuring, testing or indicating the condition of cells, e.g. the level or density of the electrolyte for several batteries or cells simultaneously or sequentially
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
    • H01M10/425—Structural combination with electronic components, e.g. electronic circuits integrated to the outside of the casing
    • H01M2010/4271—Battery management systems including electronic circuits, e.g. control of current or voltage to keep battery in healthy state, cell balancing
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/70—Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/7072—Electromobility specific charging systems or methods for batteries, ultracapacitors, supercapacitors or double-layer capacitors
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T90/00—Enabling technologies or technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02T90/10—Technologies relating to charging of electric vehicles
    • Y02T90/12—Electric charging stations

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Transportation (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Sustainable Energy (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Microelectronics & Electronic Packaging (AREA)
  • Secondary Cells (AREA)
  • Charge And Discharge Circuits For Batteries Or The Like (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a battery management system and a vehicle, comprising: the battery module comprises N battery modules, wherein the N battery modules are connected in series, and each battery module is connected with a first electric control switch in parallel, wherein N is greater than or equal to 2; each battery module is correspondingly provided with a sub-battery management system, and each sub-battery management system comprises a controller; the controller is used for controlling the first electric control switch to be switched on or switched off; the overall battery management system comprises a signal processing module and a high-voltage connecting device, the signal processing module sends out a control signal based on the voltage of a first end and a second end of the high-voltage connecting device to control the high-voltage connecting device to be switched on or switched off. The technical scheme provided by the embodiment of the invention solves the problem of management confusion of the battery management system and ensures that a stable and safe power supply is provided for the electric automobile.

Description

Battery management system and vehicle
Technical Field
The embodiment of the invention relates to the technical field of batteries, in particular to a battery management system and a vehicle.
Background
Be applied to including a plurality of battery module on the electric automobile, wherein, every battery module is assembled by a plurality of battery cells.
In the prior art, a battery management system controls a plurality of battery modules, and the management system is relatively chaotic and cannot guarantee to provide a stable and safe power supply for an electric automobile. For example, when one or more of the battery modules is abnormal, the battery management system for controlling the plurality of battery modules may be disabled to continue to provide power to the electric vehicle. Or when the voltage that a plurality of battery module provided does not conform to the required voltage of predetermineeing of electric automobile, continue to provide the power for electric automobile, lead to electric automobile's potential safety hazard.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of this, embodiments of the present invention provide a battery management system and a vehicle, which solve the technical problem that the management system of the battery management system is relatively chaotic and cannot ensure that a stable and safe power supply is provided for an electric vehicle.
In a first aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a battery management system, including:
the battery module comprises N battery modules, wherein the N battery modules are connected in series, and each battery module is connected with a first electric control switch in parallel, wherein N is greater than or equal to 2;
each battery module is correspondingly provided with a sub-battery management system, and each sub-battery management system comprises a controller; a first control signal output end of the controller is electrically connected with a control end of the first electric control switch and is used for controlling the first electric control switch to be switched on or switched off;
the overall battery management system comprises a signal processing module and a high-voltage connecting device, wherein the first end of the high-voltage connecting device is electrically connected with the first end of the signal processing module, the second end of the high-voltage connecting device is electrically connected with the second input end of the signal processing module, the first end of the high-voltage connecting device is electrically connected with the first pole of the serial power supply of the N battery modules, the second end of the high-voltage connecting device is electrically connected with the second pole of the serial power supply of the N battery modules, the third end of the high-voltage connecting device and the fourth end of the high-voltage connecting device are electrically connected with a load, the output end of the signal processing module is electrically connected with the fifth end of the high-voltage connecting device, and the signal processing module sends out a control signal based on the voltages of the first end and the second end of the high-voltage connecting device, and controlling the high-voltage connecting device to be switched on or switched off.
Optionally, the sub-battery management system further includes a battery parameter detection unit, disposed inside the correspondingly disposed battery module, and configured to detect an output voltage, an output current, and a working temperature of the correspondingly disposed battery module;
a first signal input end of the controller is electrically connected with an output end of the battery parameter detection unit, the output voltage, the output current and the working temperature of the battery module which are correspondingly set are all equal to preset values based on the output voltage, the output current and the working temperature of the battery module which are correspondingly set, a first control signal output end of the controller sends out a cut-off control signal, and the first electric control switch is in a cut-off state based on the cut-on control signal; or, any one of the output voltage, the output current and the working temperature of the correspondingly set battery module is equal to a preset value, a first control signal output end of the controller sends out a conduction control signal, and the first electric control switch is in a conduction state based on the conduction control signal.
Optionally, the battery module further comprises a second electronic control switch, wherein the first pole of each battery module is electrically connected with the first end of the second electronic control switch, and the second end of the second electronic control switch is electrically connected with the first end of the first electronic control switch;
and a second control signal output end of the controller is electrically connected with a control end of the second electric control switch and is used for controlling the second electric control switch to be switched on or switched off.
Optionally, the sub-battery management system further comprises a safety information detection unit for detecting one or more of ambient temperature, pressure, and gas concentration;
a second signal input end of the controller is electrically connected with an output end of the safety information detection unit, based on one or more of the ambient temperature, the ambient pressure and the gas concentration, the one or more of the ambient temperature, the ambient pressure and the gas concentration are equal to preset values, a second control signal output end of the controller sends out a conduction control signal, and the second electric control switch is in a conduction state based on the conduction control signal; or, any one of the ambient temperature, the ambient pressure and the gas concentration is not equal to a preset value, a second control signal output end of the controller sends out a cut-off control signal, and the second electric control switch is in a cut-off state based on the cut-off control signal.
Optionally, the sub-battery management system further includes a communication module, and the signal processing module is in communication connection with the communication module of each sub-battery management system through a bus.
Optionally, the communication module is in communication connection with a communication interface of the controller, and the controller sends a cooling control signal based on the correspondingly set working temperature of the battery module, which is greater than a preset value, or sends a heating control signal based on the correspondingly set working temperature of the battery module, which is less than a preset value;
the sub-battery management system further comprises a thermal management device, a communication interface of the thermal management device is in communication connection with the communication module, and the battery module is cooled based on the cooling control signal or heated based on the heating control signal.
Optionally, the sub-battery management system further includes a self-unloading device, a control end of the self-unloading device is electrically connected to the third control signal output end of the controller, any one of the output voltage, the output current and the working temperature of the correspondingly set battery module is not equal to a preset value, the third control signal output end of the controller sends a self-unloading control signal, and the self-unloading device unloads the battery module based on the self-unloading control signal.
Optionally, the battery module includes M battery cells, where M battery cells are connected in series side by side, where M is greater than or equal to 1.
Optionally, an insulating layer is arranged between two adjacent battery cells.
In a second aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a vehicle, including the battery management system according to any of the first aspects; the vehicle control system is in communication connection with a signal processing module included in the overall battery management system;
the series power supply of the N battery modules provides power for the motor of the vehicle and the vehicle control system.
According to the technical scheme, each battery module is correspondingly provided with the sub-battery management system, so that self-management and self-isolation of the battery modules are realized, and the situation that the battery management system for controlling the plurality of battery modules cannot operate so as not to continuously provide power for the electric automobile when one or more battery modules are abnormal is avoided. The monitoring and control of the voltage that the series power supply of N battery module provided have been realized to whole battery management system, realized providing stable and safe power for electric automobile, when having avoided the voltage that a plurality of battery modules provided to be not conform to the required voltage of predetermineeing of electric automobile, continue to provide the power for electric automobile, lead to the condition of electric automobile's potential safety hazard, it is more chaotic to have solved current battery management system, can not guarantee to provide the technical problem of stable and safe power for electric automobile.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a battery management system according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a sub-battery management system according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a high-voltage connection device according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of another sub-battery management system according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of another battery management system according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of another sub-battery management system according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples. It is to be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not limiting of the invention. It should be further noted that, for the convenience of description, only some of the structures related to the present invention are shown in the drawings, not all of the structures.
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a battery management system according to an embodiment of the present invention, and fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a sub-battery management system according to an embodiment of the present invention. Referring to fig. 1 and 2, the battery management system includes: the battery module comprises N battery modules 10, wherein the N battery modules 10 are connected in series, each battery module 10 is connected with a first electric control switch 11 in parallel, a first pole A1 of each battery module 10 is electrically connected with a first end B1 of the first electric control switch 11, a second pole A2 of each battery module 10 is electrically connected with a second end B2 of the first electric control switch 11, and N is greater than or equal to 2; each battery module 10 is correspondingly provided with a sub-battery management system BMS1, and the sub-battery management system BMS1 comprises a controller 20; the first control signal output terminal C1 of the controller 20 is electrically connected to the control terminal B3 of the first electrically controlled switch 11, and is used for controlling the first electrically controlled switch 11 to be turned on or off; an overall battery management system BMS0, the overall battery management system BMS0 including a signal processing module 30 and a high voltage connection device 40, a first end D1 of the high voltage connection device 40 being electrically connected to a first input E1 of the signal processing module 30, a second end D2 of the high voltage connection device 40 being electrically connected to a second input E2 of the signal processing module 30, a first end D1 of the high voltage connection device 40 being electrically connected to a first pole F1 of a series power supply 100 of N battery modules, a second end D2 of the high voltage connection device 40 being electrically connected to a second pole F2 of the series power supply 100 of N battery modules, a third end D3 of the high voltage connection device 40 and a fourth end D4 of the high voltage connection device 40 being electrically connected to a load 50, an output E3 of the signal processing module 30 being electrically connected to a fifth end D5 of the high voltage connection device 40, the signal processing module 30 being based on the voltages of the first end D1 and the second end D2 of the high voltage connection device, and sending a control signal to control the high-voltage connecting device 40 to be switched on or switched off.
In the present embodiment, the load 50 may be a motor included in an electric vehicle and a control system of the electric vehicle.
Each battery module 10 is correspondingly provided with a sub-battery management system BMS1, and the sub-battery management system BMS1 comprises a controller 20; the controller 20 is used for controlling the first electrically controlled switch 11 to be switched on or switched off. For example, all the controllers 20 control the correspondingly arranged first electronically controlled switches 11 to be turned off, and the voltage that the series power supply 100 of the N battery modules can provide is the sum of the voltages of the N battery modules. If one of the controllers 20 controls the first electrically controlled switch 11 to be turned on, the voltage supplied by the series power supply 100 of N battery modules is the sum of the voltages of (N-1) battery modules. In summary, in the case that any one of the N battery modules 10 fails, the controller 20 may control the first electrically controlled switch 11 to be turned on, so as to short-circuit the corresponding battery module 10. According to the technical scheme, the situation that one battery management system controls a plurality of battery modules in the prior art, but one or more battery modules are abnormal, the battery management system controlling the plurality of battery modules 10 cannot run, so that power cannot be continuously supplied to the electric automobile is avoided.
The overall battery management system BMS0 includes a signal processing module 30 and a high voltage connection device 40, and can collect the voltage provided by the series power supply 100 of the N battery modules through the first input terminal E1 and the second input terminal E2 of the signal processing module 30, and when the voltage provided by the series power supply 100 of the N battery modules does not accord with the preset voltage required by the load 50, send a control signal to control the high voltage connection device 40 to be turned off. When the voltage provided by the series power supply 100 of N battery modules matches the preset voltage required by the load 50, a control signal is sent to control the high voltage connection device 40 to be conducted, so as to provide power for the load 50. Above-mentioned technical scheme has realized providing stable and safe power for electric automobile, and when the voltage that has avoided a plurality of battery module to provide was not conform to the required voltage of predetermineeing of electric automobile, it provides the power to continue for electric automobile, leads to the condition of electric automobile's potential safety hazard.
As an example, the high voltage connection 40 may be selected from a relay KM. Referring to fig. 3, the relay KM includes a coil L, a first end of the coil L is grounded, a second end of the coil L is electrically connected to a collector of the transistor T, an emitter of the transistor T is electrically connected to a power source VCC, a base of the transistor T is electrically connected to an output end E3 of the signal processing module 30 as a fifth end D5 of the high voltage connection device 40, a first normally open contact K1a is used as a first end D1 of the high voltage connection device 40, a second normally open contact K1c is used as a second end D2 of the high voltage connection device 40, a first common contact K1b is used as a third end D3 of the high voltage connection device 40, and a second common contact K1D is used as a fourth end D4 of the high. The signal processing module 30 sends a control signal to control the transistor T to be turned on or off based on the voltages at the first end D1 and the second end D2 of the high voltage connection device 40. Specifically, triode T switches on, and coil L gets electricity, and first normally open contact K1a and first public contact K1b are closed, and second normally open contact K1c and second public contact K1d are closed, and the series power supply 100 of N battery module provides the power for load 50. The triode T is cut off, the coil L loses power, the first normally open contact K1a and the first public contact K1b are disconnected, the second normally open contact K1c and the second public contact K1d are disconnected, and the series power supply 100 of the N battery modules stops supplying power for the load 50.
In summary, the above-mentioned technical solution sets a sub-battery management system BMS1 corresponding to each battery module 10 to realize self-management and self-isolation of the battery modules 10, so as to avoid the situation that when one or more of the battery modules is abnormal, the battery management system controlling the plurality of battery modules may fail to operate, and thus cannot provide power for the electric vehicle. Overall battery management system BMS0 has realized the monitoring and the control to the voltage that series power supply 100 of N battery module provided, has realized providing stable and safe power for electric automobile, when having avoided the voltage that a plurality of battery modules provided to be not conform to the required voltage of predetermineeing of electric automobile, continues to provide the power for electric automobile, leads to electric automobile's the condition of potential safety hazard, has solved current battery management system and has compared the confusion, can not guarantee to provide the technical problem of stable and safe power for electric automobile.
Each battery module 10 is correspondingly provided with a sub-battery management system BMS1, and the sub-battery management system BMS1 comprises a controller 20; the controller 20 is used for controlling the first electrically controlled switch 11 to be switched on or switched off. The technical scheme that the controller 20 controls the first electronic control switch 11 to be turned on or off according to the output voltage, the output current and the working temperature of the correspondingly arranged battery module 10 is further detailed below.
Fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a sub-battery management system according to an embodiment of the present invention. Optionally, on the basis of the above technical solution, referring to fig. 4, the sub battery management system BMS1 further includes a battery parameter detecting unit 21, disposed inside the correspondingly disposed battery module, for detecting the output voltage, the output current and the operating temperature of the correspondingly disposed battery module; the first signal input end C2 of the controller 20 is electrically connected with the output end G1 of the battery parameter detection unit 21, based on the output voltage, the output current and the working temperature of the correspondingly set battery module 10, the output voltage, the output current and the working temperature of the correspondingly set battery module 10 are equal to preset values, the first control signal output end C1 of the controller 20 sends a cut-off control signal, and the first electronic control switch 11 is in a cut-off state based on the cut-off control signal; or, any one of the output voltage, the output current and the working temperature of the correspondingly set battery module 10 is not equal to the preset value, the first control signal output terminal C1 of the controller 20 sends the conduction control signal, and the first electronic control switch 11 is in the conduction state based on the conduction control signal.
Specifically, the output voltage, the output current and the working temperature of the correspondingly arranged battery module 10 are equal to preset values, the first control signal output end C1 of the controller 20 sends a cut-off control signal, the first electronic control switch 11 is in a cut-off state based on the cut-off control signal, and the battery module 10 can provide the power supply voltage for the load 50. Any one of the output voltage, the output current and the working temperature of the correspondingly set battery module 10 is not equal to the preset value, the first control signal output end C1 of the controller 20 sends out the conduction control signal, and the first electronic control switch 11 is in a conduction state based on the conduction control signal, that is, the controller 20 short-circuits the corresponding battery module 10. In the above technical solution, each battery module 10 is correspondingly provided with one sub battery management system BMS1 to realize self management and self isolation of the battery module 10, so as to avoid the situation that the battery management system for controlling the plurality of battery modules may not operate so as not to continuously provide power for the electric vehicle when any one of the output voltage, the output current and the working temperature of one or more battery modules is not equal to a preset value.
In the case of a failure occurring in any one of the N battery modules 10, the controller 20 may control the first electrically controlled switch 11 to be turned on, so as to short-circuit the corresponding battery module 10. That is, the first pole a1 of each battery module 10 is electrically connected to the first end B1 of the first electronically controlled switch 11, and the second pole a2 of each battery module 10 is electrically connected to the second end B2 of the first electronically controlled switch 11, at this time, no load exists in the circuit, and the battery modules 10 will rapidly generate heat, which causes a great safety hazard. As will be further detailed below, the controller 20 avoids this by controlling the second electronically controlled switch 12.
Fig. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of another battery management system according to an embodiment of the present invention, and fig. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of another sub-battery management system according to an embodiment of the present invention. Referring to fig. 5 and 6, the battery management system further includes a second electronically controlled switch 12, the first pole a1 of each battery module 10 being electrically connected to the first terminal B4 of the second electronically controlled switch 12, and the second terminal B5 of the second electronically controlled switch 12 being electrically connected to the first terminal B1 of the first electronically controlled switch 11; the second control signal output terminal C3 of the controller 20 is electrically connected to the control terminal B6 of the second electrically controlled switch 12 for controlling the second electrically controlled switch 12 to be turned on or off.
Specifically, each battery module 10 is correspondingly provided with a sub-battery management system BMS1, and the sub-battery management system BMS1 includes a controller 20; the controller 20 controls the first electrically controlled switch 11 to be turned on or off according to the output voltage, the output current and the operating temperature of the correspondingly set battery module. Illustratively, any one of the output voltage, the output current and the operating temperature of the correspondingly set battery module 10 is not equal to the preset value, the controller 20 controls the first electrically controlled switch 11 to be turned on, that is, the controller 20 short-circuits the corresponding battery module 10, and the voltage that the series power supply 100 of N battery modules can provide is the sum of the voltages of (N-1) battery modules. At this time, the second control signal output terminal C3 of the controller 20 is electrically connected to the control terminal B6 of the second electronic control switch 12, and the second electronic control switch 12 is controlled to be turned off, so that the first pole a1 of each battery module 10 is electrically connected to the first terminal B1 of the first electronic control switch 11, and the second pole a2 of each battery module 10 is electrically connected to the second terminal B2 of the first electronic control switch 11, and no load exists in the circuit, so that the battery module 10 can rapidly generate heat, thereby causing the technical problem of potential safety hazard. For example, the output voltage, the output current and the operating temperature of the battery modules 10 are equal to preset values, all the controllers 20 control the correspondingly arranged first electronically controlled switches 11 to be turned off, and the voltage that the series power supply 100 of the N battery modules can provide is the sum of the voltages of the N battery modules. If some battery module 10 is abnormal, the controller 20 may also control the second electronic control switch 12 to be turned off, so as to provide a stable and safe power supply for the electric vehicle.
Optionally, on the basis of the above technical solution, the controller 20 further controls the second electrically controlled switch 12 to be turned on or off according to one or more of the ambient temperature, the ambient pressure and the gas concentration of the battery module 10, so as to ensure that a stable and safe power supply is provided for the electric vehicle.
Referring to fig. 6, the sub battery management system BMS1 further includes a safety information detecting unit 22 for detecting one or more of an ambient temperature, a pressure, and a gas concentration; the second signal input terminal C4 of the controller 20 is electrically connected to the output terminal H1 of the safety information detecting unit 22, and based on one or more of the ambient temperature, the ambient pressure, and the gas concentration, where the one or more of the ambient temperature, the ambient pressure, and the gas concentration are equal to the preset values, the second control signal output terminal C3 of the controller 20 sends out a conduction control signal, and the second electronic control switch 12 is in a conduction state based on the conduction control signal; or, any one of the ambient temperature, the ambient pressure and the gas concentration is not equal to the preset value, the second control signal output terminal C3 of the controller 20 sends out the cut-off control signal, and the second electronic control switch 12 is in the cut-off state based on the cut-off control signal.
Specifically, the controller 20 controls the first electrically controlled switch 11 to be turned on or off according to the output voltage, the output current and the operating temperature of the correspondingly set battery module. For example, the output voltage, the output current and the operating temperature of the battery modules 10 are equal to preset values, all the controllers 20 control the correspondingly arranged first electronically controlled switches 11 to be turned off, and the voltage that the series power supply 100 of the N battery modules can provide is the sum of the voltages of the N battery modules. One or more of the ambient temperature, the pressure and the gas concentration are equal to the preset values, the second control signal output terminal C3 of the controller 20 sends out a conduction control signal, and the second electrically controlled switch 12 is in a conduction state based on the conduction control signal. If any one of the ambient temperature, the ambient pressure and the gas concentration is not equal to the preset value, the second control signal output terminal C3 of the controller 20 sends a cut-off control signal, and the second electronic control switch 12 is in a cut-off state based on the cut-off control signal.
Illustratively, any one of the output voltage, the output current and the operating temperature of the correspondingly set battery module 10 is not equal to the preset value, the controller 20 controls the first electrically controlled switch 11 to be turned on, that is, the controller 20 short-circuits the corresponding battery module 10, and the voltage that the series power supply 100 of N battery modules can provide is the sum of the voltages of (N-1) battery modules. At this time, the first pole a1 of each battery module 10 is electrically connected to the first end B1 of the first electronically controlled switch 11, and the second pole a2 of each battery module 10 is electrically connected to the second end B2 of the first electronically controlled switch 11, at this time, no load exists in the circuit, the battery module 10 will rapidly heat, the ambient temperature is not equal to the preset value, the second control signal output terminal C3 of the controller 20 sends out a cut-off control signal, and the second electronically controlled switch 12 is in a cut-off state based on the cut-off control signal.
Optionally, on the basis of the above technical solution, the sub battery management system BMS1 further includes a communication module 23, and the signal processing module 30 is communicatively connected to the communication module 23 of each sub battery management system BMS1 through a bus.
The sub-battery management system BMS1 provided corresponding to each battery module 10 is communicatively connected to the overall battery management system BMS0, and the overall battery management system BMS0 can acquire the state of each battery module 10, such as the output voltage, the output current, and the operating temperature of the battery module, and the ambient temperature, pressure, and gas concentration of the battery module 10, and control of the first and second electronically controlled switches 11 and 12 is performed by the controller 20 in the sub-battery management system BMS 1.
Optionally, on the basis of the above technical solution, the communication module 23 is in communication connection with a communication interface of the controller 20, and the controller 20 sends a cooling control signal based on the correspondingly set working temperature of the battery module 10, where the correspondingly set working temperature of the battery module 10 is greater than a preset value, or sends a heating control signal when the correspondingly set working temperature of the battery module is less than the preset value; the sub-battery management system BMS1 further includes a thermal management device 24, and a communication interface of the thermal management device 24 is communicatively connected to the communication module 23 to cool the battery module based on the cooling control signal or to heat the battery module based on the heating control signal.
The working temperature of the battery module 10 is not equal to the preset value, which may cause the battery module 10 not to work normally, and the thermal management device 24 cools the battery module under the control of the controller 20, and the working temperature is less than the preset value, which heats the battery module, so as to ensure that the battery module 10 can work normally.
Optionally, on the basis of the above technical solution, the sub-battery management system further includes a self-unloading device 25, a control end of the self-unloading device 25 is electrically connected to the third control signal output end C5 of the controller 20, any one of the output voltage, the output current and the working temperature of the correspondingly set battery module 10 is not equal to a preset value, the third control signal output end C5 of the controller sends a self-unloading control signal, and the self-unloading device 25 unloads the battery module 10 based on the self-unloading control signal, so that a user can conveniently take off and overhaul the battery module 10.
Optionally, on the basis of the above technical solution, the battery module 10 includes M battery cells, and the M battery cells are arranged in series side by side, where M is greater than or equal to 1. The battery module 10 includes M battery cells connected in series, increasing the voltage of the battery module 10.
Optionally, an insulating layer is disposed between two adjacent battery cells, so that the two adjacent battery cells can be prevented from forming conductive contact through the respective housings.
Based on the same inventive concept, the embodiment of the invention also provides a vehicle, which comprises any one of the battery management systems in the technical scheme; also included is a vehicle control system communicatively coupled to the signal processing module 30 included in the overall battery management system BMS 0; the series power supply 100 of the N battery modules provides power to the motor and vehicle control system of the vehicle.
The vehicle provided by the embodiment of the invention comprises the battery management system in the technical scheme, and the sub-battery management system BMS1 is correspondingly arranged on each battery module 10 in the technical scheme, so that the self-management and self-isolation of the battery modules 10 are realized, and the situation that when one or more battery modules are abnormal, the battery management system for controlling the plurality of battery modules cannot run possibly, so that the power supply cannot be continuously provided for the electric vehicle is avoided. Overall battery management system BMS0 has realized the monitoring and the control to the voltage that series power supply 100 of N battery module provided, has realized providing stable and safe power for electric automobile, when having avoided the voltage that a plurality of battery modules provided to be not conform to the required voltage of predetermineeing of electric automobile, continues to provide the power for electric automobile, leads to electric automobile's the condition of potential safety hazard, has solved current battery management system and has compared the confusion, can not guarantee to provide the technical problem of stable and safe power for electric automobile.
It is to be noted that the foregoing is only illustrative of the preferred embodiments of the present invention and the technical principles employed. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the particular embodiments described herein, but is capable of various obvious changes, rearrangements and substitutions as will now become apparent to those skilled in the art without departing from the scope of the invention. Therefore, although the present invention has been described in greater detail by the above embodiments, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and may include other equivalent embodiments without departing from the spirit of the present invention, and the scope of the present invention is determined by the scope of the appended claims.

Claims (10)

1. A battery management system, comprising:
the battery module comprises N battery modules, wherein the N battery modules are connected in series, and each battery module is connected with a first electric control switch in parallel, wherein N is greater than or equal to 2;
each battery module is correspondingly provided with a sub-battery management system, and each sub-battery management system comprises a controller; a first control signal output end of the controller is electrically connected with a control end of the first electric control switch and is used for controlling the first electric control switch to be switched on or switched off;
the overall battery management system comprises a signal processing module and a high-voltage connecting device, wherein the first end of the high-voltage connecting device is electrically connected with the first end of the signal processing module, the second end of the high-voltage connecting device is electrically connected with the second input end of the signal processing module, the first end of the high-voltage connecting device is electrically connected with the first pole of the serial power supply of the N battery modules, the second end of the high-voltage connecting device is electrically connected with the second pole of the serial power supply of the N battery modules, the third end of the high-voltage connecting device and the fourth end of the high-voltage connecting device are electrically connected with a load, the output end of the signal processing module is electrically connected with the fifth end of the high-voltage connecting device, and the signal processing module sends out a control signal based on the voltages of the first end and the second end of the high-voltage connecting device, and controlling the high-voltage connecting device to be switched on or switched off.
2. The battery management system according to claim 1, wherein the sub-battery management system further comprises a battery parameter detection unit, disposed inside the correspondingly disposed battery modules, for detecting output voltages, output currents, and operating temperatures of the correspondingly disposed battery modules;
a first signal input end of the controller is electrically connected with an output end of the battery parameter detection unit, and a cut-off control signal or a conduction control signal is sent out based on the correspondingly set magnitude relation between the output voltage, the output current and the working temperature of the battery module and a preset value;
the first electric control switch is in a cut-off state based on the cut-off control signal; or, the first electric control switch is in a conducting state based on the conducting control signal.
3. The battery management system according to claim 1, further comprising a second electronically controlled switch, wherein the first pole of each battery module is electrically connected to the first end of the second electronically controlled switch, and the second end of the second electronically controlled switch is electrically connected to the first end of the first electronically controlled switch;
and a second control signal output end of the controller is electrically connected with a control end of the second electric control switch and is used for controlling the second electric control switch to be switched on or switched off.
4. The battery management system according to claim 3, wherein the sub-battery management system further comprises a safety information detection unit for detecting one or more of an ambient temperature, a pressure, and a gas concentration;
a second signal input end of the controller is electrically connected with an output end of the safety information detection unit, and based on the magnitude relation between one or more of the environmental temperature, the environmental pressure and the gas concentration and a preset value, a turn-on control signal or a turn-off control signal is sent out; the second electric control switch is in a conducting state based on the conducting control signal; or, the second electrically controlled switch is in an off state based on the off control signal.
5. The battery management system of claim 2, wherein the sub-battery management system further comprises a communication module, and the signal processing module is communicatively connected to the communication module of each sub-battery management system through a bus.
6. The battery management system according to claim 5, wherein the communication module is in communication connection with a communication interface of the controller, and the controller sends out a cooling control signal or a heating control signal based on a magnitude relation between the operating temperature of the battery module and a preset value, which are set correspondingly;
the sub-battery management system further comprises a thermal management device, a communication interface of the thermal management device is in communication connection with the communication module, and the battery module is cooled based on the cooling control signal or heated based on the heating control signal.
7. The battery management system of claim 2,
the sub-battery management system further comprises a self-unloading device, a control end of the self-unloading device is electrically connected with a third control signal output end of the controller, any one of output voltage, output current and working temperature of the correspondingly arranged battery module is not equal to a preset value, the third control signal output end of the controller sends out a self-unloading control signal, and the self-unloading device unloads the battery module based on the self-unloading control signal.
8. The battery management system of claim 1, wherein the battery module comprises M battery cells arranged in series side-by-side, wherein M is greater than or equal to 1.
9. The battery management system of claim 8, wherein an insulating layer is disposed between two adjacent battery cells.
10. A vehicle characterized by comprising the battery management system of any one of claims 1-9; the vehicle control system is in communication connection with a signal processing module included in the overall battery management system;
the series power supply of the N battery modules provides power for the motor of the vehicle and the vehicle control system.
CN202010196088.4A 2020-03-19 2020-03-19 Battery management system and vehicle Pending CN111326806A (en)

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Application publication date: 20200623