CN111325829A - Real-time three-dimensional modeling method and system for tunnel - Google Patents
Real-time three-dimensional modeling method and system for tunnel Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a real-time three-dimensional modeling method and a real-time three-dimensional modeling system for a tunnel, wherein the method comprises the following steps: acquiring relevant information of a tunnel after disease monitoring in real time, wherein the relevant information comprises tunnel body attribute information and disease monitoring information of the tunnel; creating a tunnel three-dimensional model by using the tunnel body attribute information, and creating a corresponding disease three-dimensional model according to the disease monitoring information; determining position coordinates of various diseases in a tunnel, and fusing various disease three-dimensional models and the tunnel three-dimensional model, so that the fused tunnel three-dimensional model can display disease conditions in space, wherein the diseases comprise at least one of the following diseases: cracks, substrate arching, stress conditions, lining deformation, voids, water seepage and chipping. The method can construct the state of the three-dimensional tunnel in real time according to the requirement, is favorable for visualization display of the tunnel, and particularly can help monitoring-end workers to check the three-dimensional display effect of the tunnel with the diseases in real time.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of tunnel engineering, in particular to a real-time three-dimensional modeling method and a real-time three-dimensional modeling system for a tunnel.
Background
With the high-speed development of rail networks in railways and cities in China, the number of tunnels is increasing day by day. The health of the service state, the safety condition and the accessory facility state of the structure in the tunnel is the key of the normal operation of the tunnel. After the current tunnel state is detected and monitored by equipment and manually checked and evaluated, the expression is realized by live-action photographing and chart and text reporting; or through informatization means such as a platform, APP, software and the like, the data are processed into a more visual chart, electronic presentation is realized, and a decision maker can conveniently judge the tunnel state; or after acquiring the tunnel holographic image, expanding the tunnel barreled in space into a two-dimensional plane in order to fit with a two-dimensional screen, and generating a static tunnel surface expansion image by assisting coordinates; or in a third visual angle mode, the tunnel state which does not change along with time and data is presented through the tunnel contour of the three-dimensional stereo. In any way, the established tunnel model is based on static data, cannot be generated in real time along with time, and cannot intuitively express the size and the spatial position of the tunnel defect and the mechanical state.
Based on the above, there is an urgent need for a tunnel visualization three-dimensional modeling method based on a first visual angle, which can realize real-time update, so as to realize a more timely, more intuitive and more practical tunnel three-dimensional modeling capability, and provide a reliable decision basis for decision makers, thereby further improving the operation guarantee of tunnel engineering.
Disclosure of Invention
One of the technical problems to be solved by the present invention is to provide a real-time three-dimensional modeling method for a tunnel, and the tunnel three-dimensional model created by the method can visually display the disease conditions of various diseases and the position coordinates in the tunnel in real time in the tunnel space.
In order to solve the above technical problem, an embodiment of the present application first provides a real-time three-dimensional modeling method for a tunnel, including: acquiring relevant information of a tunnel after disease monitoring in real time, wherein the relevant information comprises tunnel body attribute information and disease monitoring information of the tunnel; creating a tunnel three-dimensional model by using the tunnel body attribute information, and creating a corresponding disease three-dimensional model according to the disease monitoring information; determining position coordinates of various diseases in a tunnel, and fusing various disease three-dimensional models and the tunnel three-dimensional model, so that the fused tunnel three-dimensional model can display disease conditions in space, wherein the diseases comprise at least one of the following diseases: cracks, substrate arching, stress conditions, lining deformation, voids, water seepage and chipping.
According to an embodiment of the present invention, in the step of creating a three-dimensional model of a tunnel, a three-dimensional model of a tunnel composed of a plurality of tunnel models of a set unit length is created according to an actual length of the tunnel and a tunnel type, the tunnel type including a single-line single hole and a double-line single hole.
According to one embodiment of the invention, when the fault comprises a crack condition, different crack three-dimensional models are created according to the scale size of the crack; determining the position coordinates of the crack diseases in the tunnel according to the mileage of the crack diseases; and fusing the three-dimensional crack model and the three-dimensional tunnel model, and displaying the actual position and scale of the crack diseases in the tunnel on the fused three-dimensional tunnel model.
According to one embodiment of the invention, when the disease comprises the condition of substrate arching, different substrate arching three-dimensional models are created according to the scale of the substrate arching amplitude; determining the position coordinates of the base upper arch type diseases in the tunnel according to the mileage of the base upper arch type diseases; and fusing the three-dimensional model of the upper arch of the substrate and the three-dimensional model of the tunnel, and displaying the actual position and scale of the diseases of the upper arch of the substrate in the tunnel on the fused three-dimensional model of the tunnel.
According to one embodiment of the invention, when the disease contains a stress condition, a three-dimensional model of the stress condition is created according to the stress size; determining the position coordinates of the tunnel according to the mileage of the stress condition type diseases; and fusing the three-dimensional model of the stress condition with the three-dimensional model of the tunnel, and displaying the actual position and scale of the stress condition type diseases in the tunnel on the fused three-dimensional model of the tunnel.
According to one embodiment of the invention, the three-dimensional model of the stress situation can represent the stress magnitude of different monitoring areas in different forms.
According to one embodiment of the invention, when the disease comprises a lining deformation condition, different lining deformation three-dimensional models are created according to the scale of the lining deformation; determining the position coordinates of the lining in the tunnel according to the mileage of the lining deformation diseases; and fusing the lining deformation three-dimensional model and the tunnel three-dimensional model, and displaying the actual position and scale of the lining deformation diseases in the tunnel on the fused tunnel three-dimensional model.
According to one embodiment of the invention, when the disease contains a cavity condition, different cavity three-dimensional models are created according to the diameter of the cavity; determining the position coordinates of the hollow diseases in the tunnel according to the mileage of the hollow diseases; and fusing the three-dimensional model of the cavity and the three-dimensional model of the tunnel, and displaying the actual position and scale of the cavity diseases in the tunnel on the fused three-dimensional model of the tunnel.
According to another aspect of the present invention, there is also provided a real-time three-dimensional modeling system for a tunnel, the system including: the information acquisition module is used for acquiring relevant information of the tunnel after disease monitoring, wherein the relevant information comprises tunnel body attribute information and disease monitoring information; a tunnel model creation module which creates a tunnel three-dimensional model using the tunnel body attribute information; the disease model creating module is used for creating a corresponding disease three-dimensional model according to the disease monitoring information, wherein the disease comprises at least one of the following diseases: cracks, base upwarping, stress conditions, lining deformation, cavities, seepage water and falling blocks; and the model fusion module is used for determining the position coordinates of various diseases in the tunnel and fusing the three-dimensional models of various diseases and the three-dimensional model of the tunnel, so that the fused three-dimensional model of the tunnel can display the disease conditions in space.
According to another aspect of the present invention, there is also provided a program product storing program instructions which, when read and executed, perform the three-dimensional modeling method as described above.
Compared with the prior art, one or more embodiments in the above scheme can have the following advantages or beneficial effects:
by the method, the tunnel is subjected to real-time three-dimensional modeling by using the related information of the tunnel acquired in real time, a three-dimensional model of seven diseases such as cracks, base arches, stress conditions, lining deformation, cavities, seepage water, falling blocks and the like is created, and the three-dimensional model is displayed in the tunnel space according to the position coordinates of the various diseases in the tunnel, so that the visualization display of the tunnel diseases is facilitated, and the monitoring end workers can check the three-dimensional display effect of the tunnel in real time according to the related information of the tunnel.
Additional features and advantages of the invention will be set forth in the description which follows, and in part will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the invention. The objectives and other advantages of the invention may be realized and attained by the structure and/or process particularly pointed out in the written description and claims hereof as well as the appended drawings.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings are included to provide a further understanding of the technology or prior art of the present application and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification. The drawings expressing the embodiments of the present application are used for explaining the technical solutions of the present application, and should not be construed as limiting the technical solutions of the present application.
FIG. 1 illustrates a flow diagram of a method for real-time three-dimensional modeling of a tunnel, according to some embodiments.
FIG. 2 illustrates an application scenario of a real-time three-dimensional modeling system for tunnels, according to some embodiments.
FIG. 3 illustrates a flow diagram of a method of creating a three-dimensional model of a tunnel, according to some embodiments.
FIG. 4 illustrates a flow diagram of a method of creating a disease model, according to some embodiments.
Fig. 5(a), (b) illustrate the resulting schematic of the three-dimensional model of the tunnel according to some embodiments.
Fig. 6(a) illustrates a resulting schematic of a three-dimensional model of a fracture according to some embodiments.
Fig. 6(b) illustrates a schematic diagram of the result after fusion of a three-dimensional model of a fracture and a three-dimensional model of a tunnel according to some embodiments.
FIG. 7 illustrates a graphical representation of the result of fusing an arch-on-substrate three-dimensional model and a tunnel three-dimensional model, according to some embodiments.
FIG. 8 illustrates a diagram of the result of fusing a three-dimensional model of a stress situation and a three-dimensional model of a tunnel, in accordance with some embodiments.
FIG. 9(a) illustrates a resulting schematic of a three-dimensional model of lining deformation according to some embodiments.
FIG. 9(b) illustrates a schematic diagram of the result after fusing a three-dimensional model of the deformation of the lining and a three-dimensional model of the tunnel according to some embodiments.
FIG. 10 illustrates a schematic diagram of the result of fusing a three-dimensional model of a void and a three-dimensional model of a tunnel, in accordance with some embodiments.
FIG. 11 illustrates a block diagram of a real-time three-dimensional modeling system for tunnels, according to some embodiments.
Detailed Description
The following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention will be provided with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples, so that how to apply the technical means to solve the technical problems and achieve the corresponding technical effects can be fully understood and implemented. The embodiments and the features of the embodiments can be combined without conflict, and the technical solutions formed are all within the scope of the present invention.
Additionally, the steps illustrated in the flow charts of the figures may be performed in a computer system such as a set of computer-executable instructions. Also, while a logical order is shown in the flow diagrams, in some cases, the steps shown or described may be performed in an order different than here.
The tunnel defect information is valuable information, however, the existing tunnel defect information is only displayed to the monitoring end in a text form, which is not beneficial for the monitoring end staff to intuitively know the real-time state of the current tunnel. Therefore, the application provides a method for realizing real-time modeling for visualizing and displaying the tunnel defect information. According to the technical scheme, the tunnel is subjected to three-dimensional modeling by using the related information of the tunnel acquired in real time, seven types of three-dimensional models of cracks, base upwarping, stress conditions, lining deformation, cavities, seepage water, falling blocks and the like are created, the three-dimensional models are displayed in the space of the tunnel according to the position coordinates of various diseases in the tunnel, the corresponding parameter information of various diseases can be displayed in real time, and the function that the monitoring end can check the current three-dimensional display effect of the tunnel according to the real-time related information of the tunnel is realized.
The embodiment of the application describes a real-time three-dimensional modeling method and a real-time three-dimensional modeling system for realizing visualization display of tunnel diseases, wherein the technical scheme is that a three-dimensional visualization tunnel model is constructed by using the real-time acquired relevant information of a tunnel with a disease occurrence condition, and the model can visually display the actual disease occurrence condition in real time, such as information of the disease occurrence position, the disease form scale and the like in the tunnel. How to collect the tunnel related information is not limited in the embodiment of the present application, and the tunnel related information may be acquired manually by a worker or transmitted remotely by a sensor.
In the embodiment, in order to realize the real-time establishment of the three-dimensional model for displaying the tunnel state, the data of various sensors in the tunnel, which is acquired by the monitoring platform, comprises historical data and real-time monitoring data, information such as the type, position, size, property and the like of a disease is analyzed by using an algorithm for the real-time monitoring data, the three-dimensional model of the disease is established in real time based on the information, the established model and the three-dimensional model of the tunnel are seamlessly fused, and finally the real-time disease state in the tunnel can be visually displayed. Of course, according to the embodiment of the present application, historical data may also be displayed, which is not limited herein.
In some embodiments, a tunnel three-dimensional model needs to be built by using tunnel body attribute information (which may be called tunnel attribute information), which provides scene information and a model carrier for simulating a tunnel for later image display of tunnel defects and helps a monitoring end to know the specific form of the tunnel monitored by the defects. The tunnel attribute information can be original tunnel design data, and the establishment of a tunnel three-dimensional model can be realized without any processing.
In some embodiments, if at least one disease condition is found after the tunnel is monitored for diseases, a disease three-dimensional model is constructed based on the disease detection information collected in real time, the disease three-dimensional model at the moment can be selected from a pre-established disease model database, and because the disease three-dimensional models with different grades are generated in advance, when the disease three-dimensional model is established, a large amount of calculation processing is not required to be executed, and the operation can be completed only by taking the corresponding model, so that the efficiency and the cost are improved well.
In some embodiments, a result guide model and a disease treatment suggestion method which may be caused later can be constructed according to the disease condition and the empirical data, for example, a crack evolution model of how much the crack is expanded for a long time and a treatment method for the condition, an evolution model of stress condition change and a treatment method for the condition, and the like. Therefore, the damage result possibly brought by the disease can be displayed to the monitoring end more intuitively, the monitoring end is facilitated to take corresponding measures in time, and the disease treatment efficiency is improved.
In the embodiments herein, although the damage is exemplified by cracks, upheaval of the substrate, stress, deformation of the lining, cavities, water seepage and chipping, the present application is not limited to the damage, and may include other possible damages besides the above-mentioned damages, which are not listed here.
In order to better explain the embodiments of the present invention, the following description will be given of the terms involved.
Fracture and lining deformation: the tunnel lining is an engineering main building which bears the stratum pressure and prevents the deformation and the collapse of the surrounding rock, the size of the stratum pressure mainly depends on the engineering geological and hydrogeological conditions and the physical and mechanical characteristics of the surrounding rock, and meanwhile, the tunnel lining is related to factors such as the construction method, whether the lining is supported in time, the quality of the engineering quality and the like. Due to the effects of deformation pressure and loosening pressure, the uneven effects of longitudinal distribution and mechanical property of strata along the tunnel, the effects of temperature and shrinkage stress, the effects of expansion or frost heaving pressure of surrounding rocks, the effects of corrosive media, factors considered in construction, the effect of cyclic load of operating vehicles and the like, cracks and deformation (called 'lining deformation') are generated on a tunnel lining structure, and the normal use of the tunnel is influenced.
Arching the substrate upwards: the high-speed railway in China adopts a ballastless track type, when the ballastless track is laid in a tunnel, the original stress balance state of the tunnel bottom surrounding rock is damaged by the excavation of the tunnel, and the tunnel bottom surrounding rock can enter the stress balance state again after a new stress adjustment period. In the process of stress adjustment of surrounding rock at the bottom of the tunnel, the stress adjustment of the surrounding rock can cause expansion rock to expand, so that the volume of the surrounding rock is partially increased, the tunnel bottom of a ballastless track is deformed upwards (upwards arched), and the smoothness of a high-speed railway track is seriously influenced.
FIG. 1 illustrates a flow diagram of a method for real-time three-dimensional modeling of a tunnel, according to some embodiments.
Before step S110 is executed, the tunnel is required to be monitored for diseases, which may be executed by one or more data acquisition devices, such as a temperature sensor, a laser range finder, a water speed measuring instrument, a static level gauge, a hydraulic sensor, and the like, the one or more data acquisition devices acquire data of ambient temperature, distance, water speed, pressure, and the like in the tunnel, the data may be transmitted to a monitoring end in real time through a network for direct calculation, and a data format stored in a back-end storage system may be a tree structure including basic information of the tunnel and mileage of the tunnel. The corresponding tunnel can store the latest date acquisition information and images under different installation mileage in the tunnel.
In step S110, relevant information of the tunnel (the relevant information includes tunnel body attribute information and disease monitoring information, such as disease type, disease scale, disease occurrence location, etc.) is obtained in real time by, for example, a real-time three-dimensional modeling system for the tunnel. In some embodiments, the diseases occurring in the tunnel include at least one of: cracks, substrate arching, stress conditions, lining deformation, voids, water seepage and chipping. And the scale of the disease and the position of the disease can be obtained by processing the collected data.
Specifically, in step S110, the ontology attribute information of the tunnel obtained in real time preferably includes a line to which the entity attribute information belongs, a tunnel name, a tunnel type, a tunnel length, and a section type. Besides, the tunnel information also includes monitoring data of all sensors (with numbers as identifiers) corresponding to all mileage of each tunnel, and the data are data monitored in real time. The detection data of the sensors can comprise data such as vertical displacement values of the under-rail structure, deep surrounding rock deformation, surrounding rock contact pressure, steel arch stress, steel bar stress, concrete deformation, anchor rod axial force and the like, and data such as strain values, crack widths, steel bar stress, steel arch stress, deep surrounding rock deformation and the like of the lining structure. After the three-dimensional modeling system acquires the data in real time, disease identification can be carried out, and the identification result can comprise a target type and a disease grade. In some examples, in the identification process, the collected data may be compared with a set early warning value, early warning values of different levels are different, and what the level of the disease is can be determined through the comparison.
Next, in step S120, the real-time three-dimensional modeling system for a tunnel starts to create a tunnel three-dimensional model. In the process of creating the three-dimensional tunnel model, the three-dimensional tunnel model needs to be created using the tunnel ontology attribute information in combination with the tunnel attribute information acquired in step S110.
In the application, three-dimensional modeling is to establish a three-dimensional model as a solid body in a virtual three-dimensional space according to acquired data by using three-dimensional modeling software. In this example, 3DMAX modeling software is used, but other three-dimensional modeling software is also possible, and is not limited herein.
In one example, as shown in fig. 3, the actual length of the tunnel and the tunnel type are first determined by the tunnel attribute information (step S1210), and the tunnel type is divided into a single-line single-hole and a double-line single-hole. Then, a three-dimensional model of the tunnel is created in a pre-created three-dimensional model library of the tunnel, and a three-dimensional model of the tunnel with a unit length (e.g. 300m or 500m) is created (S1220), such as a three-dimensional model of the tunnel with a unit length as shown in FIG. 5 (a). Finally, a three-dimensional model of the tunnel matching the actual length of the tunnel is created, that is, a multi-segment tunnel model is loaded according to the actual length of the tunnel, and reference is made to the three-dimensional model of the tunnel shown in fig. 5 (b). It should be noted that the tunnel model library can be created by a three-dimensional technician using a 3d max tool, which includes different types of three-dimensional models of tunnels with unit length. And when the actual tunnel is created, loading a plurality of sections of models according to the input tunnel length to complete the establishment of the tunnel three-dimensional model.
Next, in step S130, the real-time three-dimensional modeling system for a tunnel starts to create a disease three-dimensional model. In the process of creating the disease three-dimensional model, the disease detection information needs to be used to create the disease three-dimensional model in combination with the disease monitoring information obtained in step S110 in real time.
In one example, as shown in fig. 4, a defect status of the tunnel is first determined (step S1310), and the defect status includes information such as a defect name, a defect level, and a defect scale. Then, a three-dimensional model of the corresponding disease is created in a previously created three-dimensional model library of the disease (step S1320). It should be noted that the disease three-dimensional model library may also be created by a three-dimensional technician using a 3d max tool, wherein the disease three-dimensional model library includes disease three-dimensional models of different disease grades for different disease types. Because different disease three-dimensional models of different disease types are created in advance, when an actual disease model is created, only the required disease three-dimensional model needs to be called from the actual disease model, so that the calculation amount is greatly reduced, and the calculation requirement on a processor is reduced.
Next, in step S140, position coordinates of various diseases in the tunnel are determined, and the three-dimensional models of various diseases and the tunnel are fused, so that the fused three-dimensional model of the tunnel can display the disease conditions in space.
The following describes in detail the process of creating a three-dimensional model of various diseases and the model fusion according to the present application.
1. Fracture modeling and model fusion
And when the fault comprises a crack, creating a three-dimensional model of the crack in a three-dimensional model library of the fault. Specifically, different crack three-dimensional models are created according to the scale of the cracks, the position coordinates of the crack three-dimensional models in the tunnel are determined according to the mileage of the crack diseases, the crack three-dimensional models and the tunnel three-dimensional models are fused, and the actual positions and the scale sizes of the crack diseases in the tunnel are displayed on the fused tunnel three-dimensional models. The fusion of the two models can be realized by loading a disease three-dimensional model and corresponding information thereof on the tunnel three-dimensional model. It should be noted that, the expression "mileage" therein is: the mileage number plus ± position, indicating whether to the left or right of the hole, position indicating distance from the top of the hole. If the crack is acquired by the sensor, the mileage can be acquired according to the mileage of the sensor installed in the tunnel and the distance between the sensor and the crack.
In the disease three-dimensional model library, different crack models have been created in advance according to the length of the crack. In the three-dimensional model library of the crack, models of different levels are displayed in different lengths from small to large, for example, as follows: 0m to 1 m, class 1 model; 1 meter to 2 meters, class 2 model; 2m to 3 m, 3-level model; 3 m to 4 m, 4-level model; 4 m to 5m, class 5 model; greater than 5 meters, 6-grade model. When an actual crack model is created, a matched crack three-dimensional model is selected according to the actual length of the crack, for example, as shown in fig. 6(a), a level of crack three-dimensional model selected from a disease three-dimensional model library according to disease monitoring information is selected. The model is fused with the tunnel three-dimensional model to obtain a fused model shown in fig. 6(b), and the position, distribution and scale of the cracks can be visually observed in the model.
In addition, in addition to the fact that different crack models can be created according to the length of the crack, a crack width factor can be added, and the crack models can be created through the two factors, so that the crack models are more accurate in performance.
2. Modeling and model fusion for arching on substrate
And when the disease comprises the condition of arching on the substrate, creating a three-dimensional model of the arching on the substrate in a disease three-dimensional model library. Specifically, different three-dimensional models of the base arch are created according to the scale of the arch-up amplitude, the position coordinates of the base arch in the tunnel are determined according to the mileage of the base arch-up diseases, the three-dimensional models of the base arch and the tunnel are fused, and the actual position and the scale of the base arch diseases in the tunnel are displayed on the fused three-dimensional model of the tunnel. The fusion of the two models can be realized in an information loading mode, for example, in a mode of loading a disease three-dimensional model and corresponding information thereof on a tunnel three-dimensional model. The expression "mileage" here is the mileage number plus + -, indicating whether to the left or right of the hole.
In the disease three-dimensional model library, different base upwarp models are created in advance according to the upwarp amplitude. In the three-dimensional model library of the base arch, models of different levels are displayed with different arch ascending amplitudes from small to large, for example: 0cm to 5cm, a grade 1 model; 5cm to 10cm, 2-level model; 10cm to 15cm, grade 3 model; 15cm to 20cm, class 4 model; 20cm to 30cm, grade 5 model; 30cm or more, 6-grade model. When creating the actual base arch model, a matching base arch three-dimensional model is selected from the database according to the height of the arch-up amplitude, for example, a tunnel three-dimensional model fused with the base arch three-dimensional model can be shown in fig. 7. The position, distribution and specific arching of the substrate can be visually seen in the model.
3. Stress condition modeling and model fusion
And when the disease contains a stress condition, creating a three-dimensional model of the stress condition in a disease three-dimensional model base. Specifically, a three-dimensional model of the stress condition is created according to the stress size, the position of the three-dimensional model of the stress condition in the tunnel is determined according to the mileage of the stress condition type diseases, the three-dimensional model of the stress condition is fused with the three-dimensional model of the tunnel, and the actual position and the scale size of the stress condition type diseases in the tunnel are displayed on the fused three-dimensional model of the tunnel. The fusion of the two models can be realized in an information loading mode, for example, in a mode of loading a disease three-dimensional model and corresponding information thereof on a tunnel three-dimensional model. The expression "mileage" here is the mileage sign broadening plus ± length, indicating whether to the left or right of the hole, length indicating the position from the top of the hole. The three-dimensional model of the stress situation can represent the stress magnitude of different monitoring areas in different forms, in a preferred example, the three-dimensional model of the stress situation is a ring model, the stress magnitude is represented by different colors on the top of the hole and two sides of the top of the hole, for example, the top of the hole is blue, the maximum stress is-15 MPa, two sides of the top of the hole are respectively red or orange, orange represents < 12MPa, and red represents > 12 MPa. When an actual stress situation model is created, an annular model is generated based on the setting of the stress situation three-dimensional model according to the magnitude of stress, for example, referring to the fused tunnel model shown in fig. 8, the stress situation at the top of the hole shows a blue annular model, the stress situation at the left side of the hole shows an orange annular model, and the stress situation at the right side of the hole shows a red annular model, so that the monitoring-end staff can be helped to quickly know the stress situation and the stress range of the tunnel through the annular model display.
4. Lining deformation modeling and model fusion
And when the disease comprises a lining deformation condition, creating a three-dimensional model of the lining deformation in a three-dimensional model library of the disease. The lining is deformed into a bulge on the wall, which is outward due to stress. And according to the scale of the lining deformation, different three-dimensional models of the lining deformation are created. And determining the position coordinates of the lining deformation diseases in the tunnel according to the mileage of the lining deformation diseases, fusing the lining deformation three-dimensional model and the tunnel three-dimensional model, and displaying the actual positions and scale sizes of the lining deformation diseases in the tunnel on the fused tunnel three-dimensional model. The fusion of the two models can be realized in an information loading mode, for example, in a mode of loading a disease three-dimensional model and corresponding information thereof on a tunnel three-dimensional model. The expression "mileage" here is: mileage numbers plus ± length, ± indicating left or right of the hole, length indicating position from the top of the hole. In a preferred example, the preset three-dimensional model of the lining deformation displays the top of the bulge as orange red, the yellow of the edge area gradually changes, and the quantity of the bulge is determined according to the lining deformation data.
In the disease three-dimensional model library, different lining deformation models are established in advance according to the deformation quantity of the lining. The models at different levels are shown with different outward convex amplitudes, and are shown from small to large, for example: 0mm to 10mm, grade 1 model; 10mm to 20mm, class 2 model; 20mm to 30mm, grade 3 model; 30mm to 40mm, class 4 model; 40mm to 50mm, grade 5 model; more than 50mm, 6-grade model. When an actual lining deformation three-dimensional model is created, a matched lining deformation three-dimensional model is selected from a database according to the amplitude of outward protrusion of lining deformation, for example, a grade lining deformation three-dimensional model selected from a disease three-dimensional model library according to disease monitoring information as shown in fig. 9(a), and a fusion model shown in fig. 9(b) can be obtained after the model is fused with a tunnel three-dimensional model, and the position, distribution condition and scale of the lining deformation can be visually seen in the model.
5. Void modeling and model fusion
And when the disease contains the hole, creating a three-dimensional model of the hole in a disease three-dimensional model base. And according to the size of the cavity, different three-dimensional cavity models are created. And determining the position coordinates of the hollow diseases in the tunnel according to the mileage of the hollow diseases, fusing the hollow three-dimensional model with the tunnel three-dimensional model, and displaying the actual positions and scale sizes of the hollow diseases in the tunnel on the fused tunnel three-dimensional model. The fusion of the two models can be realized in an information loading mode, for example, in a mode of loading a disease three-dimensional model and corresponding information thereof on a tunnel three-dimensional model. The expression "mileage" here is: mileage numbers plus ± length, ± indicating left or right of the hole, length indicating position from the top of the hole.
In the disease three-dimensional model library, different hole three-dimensional models are created in advance according to the size of the hole diameter. The sizes of the diameters of the model display holes in different levels are different, and the model display holes are displayed from small to large, for example: 0cm to 10cm, a grade 1 model; 10cm to 20cm, class 2 model; 20cm to 30cm, grade 3 model; 30cm to 40cm, class 4 model; 40cm to 50cm, grade 5 model; above 50cm, 6-grade model. When an actual lining deformation three-dimensional model is created, a matched lining deformation three-dimensional model is selected from a database according to the amplitude of outward bulge of lining deformation, for example, the fused model shown in fig. 10 is shown, and the position and the scale of a cavity can be visually seen in the model.
Only five types of disease modeling and model fusion are described above, and the modeling and model fusion related to leakage water and drop blocks are similar to the five types of methods and can be realized according to the methods, so that the description is omitted.
Fig. 2 illustrates an application scenario of a real-time three-dimensional modeling system for tunnels, which may implement the various modeling methods described herein, according to some embodiments. Area 20 is the processing case of a local three-dimensional modeling system, and area 10 corresponds to a remote end and the acquired data information can be acquired in real time by the three-dimensional modeling system of area 20 via a wireless communication connection.
In some embodiments, the real-time three-dimensional modeling system 200 for a tunnel may include, but is not limited to, one or more computing systems that obtain data related to a tunnel after disease monitoring (the data includes disease monitoring information for monitoring tunnel diseases collected by the data collection device 250 in real time and attribute information corresponding to the tunnel itself), create a three-dimensional model of the tunnel and a three-dimensional model of the diseases by using the obtained data, and fuse the two data to obtain a data capable of showing the occurrence location (e.g., GPS coordinates) and specific situations (e.g., disease size, grade, timestamp, etc.) of the diseases on the processed three-dimensional model of the tunnel. The related data of the tunnel can be stored according to a tunnel-mileage tree structure, for example, wherein each disease monitoring information is marked with a mileage corresponding to the occurrence of a disease. As shown in fig. 2, in the application scenario, the front end, that is, the remote end, is not provided with a data storage library, and the data acquisition device 250 at the front end acquires sensor data and then directly sends the sensor data to the tunnel portal through the intra-tunnel network for collection, and then sends the sensor data to the monitoring platform through the 4G network or the private network, so that the data acquired in real time can be obtained at the detection platform.
In some embodiments, modeling system 200 may include, but is not limited to, a controller 210, a communication interface 212 for obtaining tunnel related information, a memory 214 for storing the tunnel related information, a library of tunnel three-dimensional models, a library of disease three-dimensional models, and other information. Also, a display 220 for displaying the fused tunnel three-dimensional model 215 is included in the local region 20.
In some embodiments, controller 214 may include, but is not limited to, one or more of various types of processors, CPUs, Image Signal Processors (ISPs), Graphics Processing Units (GPUs), encoders/decoders, memories, and/or other components. The controller 214 may, for example, utilize the relevant information of the tunnel at least in part to create a fused three-dimensional model 215 of the tunnel for display in the display 220. The communication interface 212 may be implemented in accordance with any suitable long-range wireless communication technology.
The memory 214 stores a tunnel three-dimensional model library and a disease three-dimensional model library in advance, which are created by a worker using 3Dmax software. The tunnel three-dimensional model library is provided with different types of tunnel three-dimensional models with unit length, and the disease three-dimensional model library is divided into sub-model libraries according to disease classification, and specifically comprises a crack three-dimensional model library, a substrate arch model library, a stress three-dimensional model, a lining deformation model library and a cavity model library. The sub-model libraries store three-dimensional models of diseases of different levels, and the disease models matched with the disease monitoring information are created by calling the corresponding three-dimensional models.
The display 220 may display a tunnel three-dimensional model, a disease three-dimensional model, and the fused tunnel three-dimensional model 215 generated from the information related to the tunnel, and may display information labels of objects in the view, such as details of diseases in the form of words or codes, or generally any information useful or beneficial to the monitoring end worker, while displaying these models.
The operation steps of the controller 210 for generating the tunnel three-dimensional model, the disease three-dimensional model and the fused tunnel three-dimensional model 215 in real time by using the information related to the tunnel obtained in real time may refer to the flow shown in fig. 1 and the corresponding description, and are not described herein again.
In another aspect, an embodiment of the present invention further provides a program product, such as a computer-readable storage medium, on which program codes or program instructions are stored, and when the program codes or the program instructions are read and executed, the three-dimensional modeling method is executed to implement a real-time three-dimensional modeling function for a tunnel.
FIG. 11 illustrates a block diagram of a real-time three-dimensional modeling system for tunnels, according to some embodiments.
As shown in fig. 11, the system includes: the system comprises an information acquisition module 1100, a tunnel model creation module 1110, a disease model creation module 1120 and a model fusion module 1130.
The information acquisition module 1100 is configured to acquire relevant information of the tunnel after disease monitoring in real time, where the relevant information includes tunnel body attribute information and disease monitoring information.
A tunnel model creating module 1110, which creates a tunnel three-dimensional model using the tunnel ontology attribute information.
A disease model creating module 1120, configured to create a corresponding disease three-dimensional model according to the disease monitoring information, where the disease includes at least one of: cracks, base upwarping, stress conditions, lining deformation, cavities, seepage water and falling blocks.
And the model fusion module 1130 determines the position coordinates of various diseases in the tunnel, and fuses the three-dimensional models of various diseases and the three-dimensional model of the tunnel, so that the fused three-dimensional model of the tunnel can display the disease conditions in space.
The four modules may respectively perform steps S110, S120, S130, and S140 in the embodiment of the three-dimensional modeling method for visualizing the tunnel defect, and details thereof are not repeated here.
The method of the present invention is described as being implemented in a computer system. The computer system may be provided, for example, in a control core processor of the robot. For example, the methods described herein may be implemented as software executable with control logic that is executed by a CPU in a robotic operating system. The functionality described herein may be implemented as a set of program instructions stored in a non-transitory tangible computer readable medium. When implemented in this manner, the computer program comprises a set of instructions which, when executed by a computer, cause the computer to perform a method capable of carrying out the functions described above. Programmable logic may be temporarily or permanently installed in a non-transitory tangible computer-readable medium, such as a read-only memory chip, computer memory, disk, or other storage medium. In addition to being implemented in software, the logic described herein may be embodied using discrete components, integrated circuits, programmable logic used in conjunction with a programmable logic device such as a Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA) or microprocessor, or any other device including any combination thereof. All such embodiments are intended to fall within the scope of the present invention.
It is to be understood that the disclosed embodiments of the invention are not limited to the particular structures, process steps, or materials disclosed herein but are extended to equivalents thereof as would be understood by those ordinarily skilled in the relevant arts. It is also to be understood that the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only, and is not intended to be limiting.
Reference in the specification to "one embodiment" or "an embodiment" means that a particular feature, structure, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment is included in at least one embodiment of the invention. Thus, the appearances of the phrase "one embodiment" or "an embodiment" in various places throughout this specification are not necessarily all referring to the same embodiment.
Although the embodiments of the present invention have been described above, the above description is only for the convenience of understanding the present invention, and is not intended to limit the present invention. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes in form and details may be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims.
Claims (10)
1. A method for real-time three-dimensional modeling of a tunnel, the method comprising:
acquiring relevant information of a tunnel after disease monitoring in real time, wherein the relevant information comprises tunnel body attribute information and disease monitoring information of the tunnel;
creating a tunnel three-dimensional model by using the tunnel body attribute information, and creating a corresponding disease three-dimensional model according to the disease monitoring information;
determining position coordinates of various diseases in a tunnel, and fusing various disease three-dimensional models and the tunnel three-dimensional model, so that the fused tunnel three-dimensional model can display disease conditions in space, wherein the diseases comprise at least one of the following diseases: cracks, substrate arching, stress conditions, lining deformation, voids, water seepage and chipping.
2. The three-dimensional modeling method according to claim 1, wherein, in the step of creating a three-dimensional model of the tunnel,
and creating a tunnel three-dimensional model consisting of a plurality of sections of tunnel models with set unit length according to the actual length of the tunnel and the type of the tunnel, wherein the type of the tunnel comprises a single-line single hole and a double-line single hole.
3. The three-dimensional modeling method according to claim 1 or 2, wherein, when the disease contains a crack condition,
creating different crack three-dimensional models according to the scale of the crack;
determining the position coordinates of the crack diseases in the tunnel according to the mileage of the crack diseases;
and fusing the three-dimensional crack model and the three-dimensional tunnel model, and displaying the actual position and scale of the crack diseases in the tunnel on the fused three-dimensional tunnel model.
4. The three-dimensional modeling method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein when the disease includes an upheaval condition on a base,
according to the scale of the arch amplitude of the substrate, different three-dimensional models of the substrate arch are created;
determining the position coordinates of the base upper arch type diseases in the tunnel according to the mileage of the base upper arch type diseases;
and fusing the three-dimensional model of the upper arch of the substrate and the three-dimensional model of the tunnel, and displaying the actual position and scale of the diseases of the upper arch of the substrate in the tunnel on the fused three-dimensional model of the tunnel.
5. The three-dimensional modeling method according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein when the disease includes a stress situation,
creating a three-dimensional model of the stress condition according to the stress magnitude;
determining the position coordinates of the tunnel according to the mileage of the stress condition type diseases;
and fusing the three-dimensional model of the stress condition with the three-dimensional model of the tunnel, and displaying the actual position and scale of the stress condition type diseases in the tunnel on the fused three-dimensional model of the tunnel.
6. The three-dimensional modeling method of claim 5,
the three-dimensional model of the stress condition can represent the stress of different monitoring areas in different forms.
7. The three-dimensional modeling method according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein when the damage includes a lining deformation condition,
establishing different lining deformation three-dimensional models according to the scale of the lining deformation;
determining the position coordinates of the lining in the tunnel according to the mileage of the lining deformation diseases;
and fusing the lining deformation three-dimensional model and the tunnel three-dimensional model, and displaying the actual position and scale of the lining deformation diseases in the tunnel on the fused tunnel three-dimensional model.
8. The three-dimensional modeling method according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein, when the disease contains a void condition,
creating different three-dimensional cavity models according to the sizes of the cavities;
determining the position coordinates of the hollow diseases in the tunnel according to the mileage of the hollow diseases;
and fusing the three-dimensional model of the cavity and the three-dimensional model of the tunnel, and displaying the actual position and scale of the cavity diseases in the tunnel on the fused three-dimensional model of the tunnel.
9. A real-time three-dimensional modeling system for a tunnel, the system comprising:
the information acquisition module is used for acquiring relevant information of the tunnel after disease monitoring, wherein the relevant information comprises tunnel body attribute information and disease monitoring information;
a tunnel model creation module which creates a tunnel three-dimensional model using the tunnel body attribute information;
the disease model creating module is used for creating a corresponding disease three-dimensional model according to the disease monitoring information, wherein the disease comprises at least one of the following diseases: cracks, base upwarping, stress conditions, lining deformation, cavities, seepage water and falling blocks;
and the model fusion module is used for determining the position coordinates of various diseases in the tunnel and fusing the three-dimensional models of various diseases and the three-dimensional model of the tunnel, so that the fused three-dimensional model of the tunnel can display the disease conditions in space.
10. A program product characterized in that
The program product stores program instructions which, when read and executed, perform the three-dimensional modeling method of any of claims 1-8.
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