KR101104466B1 - System and method for surveying tunnel using digital image - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE: A tunnel inspection system and method using digital images are provided to reduce unnecessary driving of equipment by development and application of automatic inspection of a tunnel. CONSTITUTION: A tunnel inspection system using digital images comprises a measuring unit(103), an estimating unit(104), a recognizing unit(105), and an extracting unit(106). The measuring unit measures the 3D structure of a discontinuous lock surface using 3D images of the heading of a tunnel. The estimating unit projects the measured 3D structure on the wall of the tunnel and estimates the locus of the discontinuous surface. The recognizing unit manufactures a polygonal phase structure based on the estimated locus on the tunnel images corresponding to the wall and the heading of the tunnel and recognizes a 3D block of the discontinuous surface using the polygonal phase structure. The extracting unit extracts an unstable block by analyzing the 3D block using a block theory and creates a 3D drawing of the extracted unstable block.

Description

Tunnel survey system and method using digital image {SYSTEM AND METHOD FOR SURVEYING TUNNEL USING DIGITAL IMAGE}

Embodiments of the present invention relate to a tunnel survey system and method using digital images.

The ground survey for the design and construction of the tunnel relies heavily on the borehole survey to identify the ground condition. However, a large number of borehole surveys are expensive and local ground predictions obtained by localized borehole surveys are limited.

For this reason, tunnels designed in the unpredictable condition of the soil are being developed in accordance with the existing design plan, ignoring the acquisition and utilization of data during construction, which can be acquired during construction and contribute greatly to stability and economics. This problem is due to the lack of research and analysis methods of the ground data that can be obtained during construction.

Therefore, it is necessary to develop a system that can provide a foundation for the construction and maintenance of tunnels by investigating and analyzing precise discontinuity data in a short time using computerized membrane survey and telemetry of discontinuities.

One embodiment of the present invention by developing an automated survey technique that can ensure the stability and economical efficiency during the construction of the tunnel and applying it to the construction process, by predicting the factors of collapse accidents to operate unnecessary equipment due to the construction period and accident The present invention provides a tunnel survey system and method using digital images, which can shorten the time frame, thereby laying the foundation for environment-friendly and safe construction.

The problem to be solved by the present invention is not limited to the problem (s) mentioned above, and other object (s) not mentioned will be clearly understood by those skilled in the art from the following description.

Tunnel irradiation system using a digital image according to an embodiment of the present invention is a measurement unit for measuring the three-dimensional array structure of the discontinuous surface of the rock distributed in the membrane using a three-dimensional image of the membrane of the tunnel; An estimator for estimating a trajectory of the discontinuous plane by projecting the measured three-dimensional array structure of the discontinuous plane on the wall surface of the tunnel; A recognition unit for manufacturing a polygonal phase structure in the tunnel image corresponding to the wall surface and the barrier based on the estimated trajectory, and recognizing a three-dimensional block of the discontinuous surface using the prepared polygonal phase structure; And an extraction unit for analyzing the recognized three-dimensional block by using block theory to extract an unstable block and plotting the extracted unstable block in a three-dimensional drawing.

The tunnel survey system using a digital image according to an embodiment of the present invention may further include an image acquisition unit for acquiring the stereoscopic image by using two cameras arranged in a line and spaced apart from each other at a predetermined interval.

The tunnel survey system using a digital image according to an embodiment of the present invention may further include a storage unit for databaseing the membrane information of the entire tunnel section including the 3D drawing of the unstable block.

The tunnel survey system using a digital image according to an embodiment of the present invention may further include an information sharing unit for real-time sharing of the curtain information of the entire tunnel section with an expert group through the Internet using a network.

In the tunnel survey system using a digital image according to an embodiment of the present invention, the comparison unit for comparing the information of the adjacent film using the information on the film thickness of the entire tunnel section, and a comparison unit for analyzing the extension of the discontinuous surface based on the comparison result It may further include.

Tunnel irradiation system using a digital image according to an embodiment of the present invention further comprises an input unit for receiving the sketch information of the discontinuous surface according to the user's pen operation through a mobile terminal having a touch screen, the measuring unit By using the sketch information, the three-dimensional array structure of the discontinuous surface of the rock distributed in the film can be measured.

Tunnel irradiation system using a digital image according to an embodiment of the present invention analyzes the joint distribution of the rock of the excavated portion irradiated using the three-dimensional drawing of the unstable block, the portion to be excavated in the future based on the analysis result The apparatus may further include a predictor configured to predict the discontinuity distribution of the.

Tunnel irradiation method using a digital image according to an embodiment of the present invention comprises the steps of measuring the three-dimensional array structure of the discontinuous surface of the rock mass distributed in the membrane using a three-dimensional image of the membrane of the tunnel; Estimating a trajectory of the discontinuous plane by projecting the measured three-dimensional array structure of the discontinuous plane on the wall surface of the tunnel; Fabricating a polygonal phase structure in the tunnel image corresponding to the wall surface and the barrier based on the estimated trajectory, and recognizing a three-dimensional block of the discontinuous surface using the prepared polygonal phase structure; And extracting an unstable block by analyzing the recognized 3D block using block theory, and plotting the extracted unstable block into a 3D drawing.

Tunnel irradiation method using a digital image according to an embodiment of the present invention may further comprise the step of obtaining the three-dimensional picture by using two cameras arranged in a line and spaced apart from each other at a predetermined interval.

The tunnel survey method using a digital image according to an embodiment of the present invention may further include a step of databaseing the film thickness information of the entire tunnel section including the 3D drawing of the unstable block.

Tunnel survey method using a digital image according to an embodiment of the present invention may further comprise the step of real-time sharing the closet information of the entire tunnel section with the expert group through the Internet using a network.

Tunnel irradiation method using a digital image according to an embodiment of the present invention comprises the steps of comparing the information of the adjacent film using the film information of the entire section of the tunnel; And analyzing the extensibility of the discontinuous surface based on the comparison result.

Tunnel irradiation method using a digital image according to an embodiment of the present invention further comprises the step of receiving the sketch information of the discontinuous surface according to the user's pen operation through a mobile terminal having a touch screen, the measuring step The method may further include measuring a three-dimensional array structure of the discontinuous surfaces of the rock mass distributed in the membrane by further using the input sketch information.

Tunnel irradiation method using a digital image according to an embodiment of the present invention comprises the steps of analyzing the joint distribution of the rock of the excavated excavation using the three-dimensional drawing of the unstable block; And predicting a discontinuous plane distribution of a portion to be excavated in the future based on the analysis result.

Specific details of other embodiments are included in the detailed description and the accompanying drawings.

Advantages and / or features of the present invention and methods for achieving them will become apparent with reference to the embodiments described below in detail in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. However, the present invention is not limited to the embodiments disclosed below, but may be implemented in various different forms, only the present embodiments to make the disclosure of the present invention complete, and common knowledge in the art to which the present invention pertains. It is provided to fully inform the person having the scope of the invention, which is defined only by the scope of the claims. Like reference numerals refer to like elements throughout.

According to an embodiment of the present invention, by developing an automated survey technique for the stable and economical construction of the tunnel and applying it to the construction process, by predicting the factors of the collapse accident construction period and operation period of unnecessary equipment due to accident Can be used to lay the foundation for economical and safe construction.

1 is a block diagram illustrating a tunnel survey system using a digital image according to an embodiment of the present invention.
2 is a flowchart illustrating a tunnel survey method using a digital image according to an embodiment of the present invention.
3 to 15 are exemplary diagrams for explaining the function of the tunnel survey system according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Hereinafter, with reference to the accompanying drawings will be described embodiments of the present invention;

1 is a block diagram illustrating a tunnel survey system using a digital image according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Referring to FIG. 1, a tunnel survey system 100 using a digital image according to an embodiment of the present invention may include an image acquisition unit 101, an input unit 102, a measurement unit 103, an estimation unit 104, and a recognition unit. The unit 105, the extraction unit 106, the storage unit 107, the information sharing unit 108, the comparison unit 109, the prediction unit 110, and the control unit 111 may be included.

The image acquisition unit 101 obtains a three-dimensional image of a tunnel face using two cameras arranged in a line and spaced apart from each other at a predetermined interval.

The input unit 102 receives sketch information of a discontinuous surface of a rock according to a user's pen manipulation through a portable terminal having a touch screen. In this process, the grade of the cancer by the part of the membrane is input together.

That is, when the stereoscopic image is displayed on the touch screen of the portable terminal, the user inputs a sketch corresponding to the discontinuous surface of the rock and the rock classification data by position on the touch screen using a stylus pen. Then, the input unit 102 receives the sketch information according to the user's manipulation of the stylus pen through the portable terminal.

The measurement unit 103 measures the three-dimensional array structure of the discontinuous surface of the rock mass distributed in the film by using the three-dimensional image obtained by the image acquisition unit 101. In addition, the measurement unit 103 may further measure the three-dimensional array structure of the discontinuous surface of the rock mass distributed in the membrane using the sketch information input by the input unit 102.

The estimator 104 estimates a trajectory of the discontinuous surface and the rocky material by projecting the three-dimensional array structure and the rock quality grade of the discontinuous surface measured by the measurement unit 103 onto the wall surface of the tunnel.

The recognition unit 105 produces a polygonal phase structure and a rocky distribution on the tunnel image corresponding to the wall surface and the barrier based on the trajectory estimated by the estimator 104. In addition, the recognition unit 105 recognizes the three-dimensional block of the discontinuous surface by using the produced phase structure of the polygon.

The extraction unit 106 analyzes the three-dimensional block recognized by the recognition unit 105 using block theory to extract an unstable block. In other words, the extraction unit 106 may perform fracture prediction by analyzing the 3D block using the block theory. In addition, the extraction unit 106 provides the basic information that can be used to map the distribution of the extracted unstable block and the rock in a three-dimensional diagram and to superimpose the rock bolt reinforcement.

Here, since the block theory is widely used as a known technique, the present embodiment will be briefly described as follows.

There are numerous discontinuities in the rock due to repeated earth movements. These discontinuities have a wide variety of distributions depending on their location and depth. The rocks form blocks according to the interrelationships of the joints, so the blocks also have a wide variety of patterns and distributions.

The block theory is a geometric theory that determines the three-dimensional shape and size of a block that is created by intersecting three-dimensional discontinuities, and determines whether the block moves from a rock.

The storage unit 107 is a database of the film thickness information of the entire tunnel section including a three-dimensional view of the unstable block. The membrane information may include not only a three-dimensional drawing of the unstable block but also information such as carcinoma and cancer quality related to the discontinuous surface. The database-based membrane information may be used for maintenance of the tunnel during or after construction.

The information sharing unit 108 enables the real-time sharing of the closing information of the entire tunnel section with the expert group through the Internet using a network network, so that a problem can be quickly responded to.

To this end, when there is a request for information sharing from the expert group, the information sharing unit 108 may transmit the closing information of the entire section of the tunnel to the terminal of each expert in real time in response to the information sharing request.

The comparison unit 109 compares the information of the adjacent close using the close information of the entire tunnel section. That is, the comparison unit 109 may compare information such as discontinuities, carcinomas, and cancers between adjacent membranes. The comparison unit 109 analyzes the extensibility of the discontinuous surface based on the comparison result. That is, the comparison unit 109 may analyze the extension of the discontinuous surface according to whether or not the information between the adjacent barriers is similar.

The comparison unit 109 may determine that the discontinuous surface is extended when the information between the adjacent bars is similar, and that the discontinuous surface does not extend when the information between the adjacent bars is different.

The prediction unit 110 determines the appropriate reinforcement by analyzing the ground of the front part to be excavated based on the joint distribution of the rock of the excavated part irradiated using the three-dimensional drawing of the unstable block. The prediction unit 110 predicts a discontinuous plane distribution of a portion to be excavated in the future based on the analysis result.

The control unit 111 is a tunnel survey system 100 using a digital image according to an embodiment of the present invention, that is, the image acquisition unit 101, the input unit 102, the measurement unit 103, the estimation unit 104, the recognition unit 105, the extraction unit 106, the storage unit 107, the information sharing unit 108, the comparison unit 109, the prediction unit 110, and the like. Overall control.

2 is a flowchart illustrating a tunnel survey method using a digital image according to an embodiment of the present invention. The tunnel survey method may be performed by the tunnel survey system 100 of FIG. 1.

Referring to FIG. 2, in step 201, the tunnel surveying system obtains a stereoscopic image of a tunnel face using two cameras arranged in a line and spaced apart from each other at a predetermined interval.

Next, in step 202, the tunnel irradiation system measures a three-dimensional array structure of the discontinuous surface of the rock mass distributed in the membrane using a three-dimensional image of the membrane of the tunnel.

Next, in step 203, the tunnel survey system estimates the trajectory of the discontinuous plane by projecting the measured three-dimensional array structure of the discontinuous plane onto the wall surface of the tunnel.

Next, in step 204, the tunnel surveying system constructs a polygonal phase structure in the tunnel image corresponding to the wall surface and the barrier based on the estimated trajectory.

Next, in step 205, the tunnel survey system recognizes the three-dimensional block of the discontinuous surface by using the phase structure of the produced polygon.

Next, in step 206, the tunnel survey system analyzes the recognized three-dimensional block using block theory to extract an unstable block.

Next, in step 207, the tunnel survey system plots the extracted unstable blocks into a three-dimensional diagram.

Hereinafter, the function of the tunnel survey system according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. 3 to 15.

First, referring to FIG. 15, a tunnel survey system according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention provides a data processing function for making a database of data and drawings and inputting and outputting data, and using a pen PC at a site. Function of inputting data by touch screen method, importing discontinuities and dark material measured by telemetry device, projecting the result in 3D and displaying the result, and analyzing unstable blocks It has an analysis function using block theory that automatically recognizes. In addition, it has the function of evaluating the stability by predicting the joint distribution of the unexcavated area by statistically processing the distribution of the survey data.

One. Database function

end. Property Database (DB) Authoring Capabilities

As shown in Figure 4, the attribute DB is automatically created by entering the name of the project (Access) database is created and the directories necessary for data input and output is formed.

I. Drawing DB production function

As shown in Fig. 5, the drawing DB copies and pastes a route from an AutoCad drawing, inputs the coordinates of the start and end points of the position of the route, and loads a cross section from the Cad file. Will be written.

All. Tunnel curtain DB

As shown in FIG. 6, the barrier DB of the tunnel is a basic function for converting and storing the input data into three-dimensional coordinates while performing the sketch of the barrier, and drawing the boundary of the incision site using a tunnel picture. It is an algorithm for inputting the position of the closet in the drawing and the route drawing.

2. Computerized survey function

Computerized search function has a function of inputting a picture of tunnel face and sketching discontinuity or inputting carcinoma, rock quality, and description using touch screen function on the picture.

end. Sketch function of discontinuities

As illustrated in FIG. 7, the sketch function has a function of drawing a joint by using a touch screen function of a monitor on an input picture and inputting a strike and a slope to the drawn joint.

I. Dark input function

As shown in FIG. 8, the rock is classified into solid rock, soft rock, weathered rock, soil, and clay and input into a membrane structure.

All. RMR classification function

As shown in FIG. 9, RMR, which is an engineering classification method of rock, has a large difference according to the investigator, and thus it is not easy to secure objectivity of data. In order to solve this problem, the algorithm that selects input itself by given menu and inputs it by computer is written as below figure. This algorithm aims to minimize the variation caused by the first investigator and to provide the basis for educating the inexperienced investigator to become an expert in cancer classification while using this system.

la. GSI classification functional arm

As shown in FIG. 10, the GSI, which is an engineering classification method of rock, is simply input to a touch screen, and the ground constant of the rock is calculated based on the result.

hemp. Telemetry data input function

As shown in FIG. 11, an algorithm for reading a measured surface structure into a system database using a surface mapper telemetry device for tunnel survey, which has been retrofitted for tunnel survey. Read drawings and measurement data stored in AutoCad and DB into the system's database.

3. Analysis function

All surveyed data are databased in 3D, so the functions of drawing tunnel data in 3D are included.

end. Tunnel wall and curtain discontinuity

As shown in Fig. 12, this function is an algorithm for outputting a joint structure of a membrane selected from a three-dimensional database in a two-dimensional drawing on the tunnel wall and in a three-dimensional drawing of the tunnel itself.

I. 3D display of discontinuities

As shown in Fig. 13, this function is an algorithm that plots the discontinuities of the selected membrane into a three-dimensional diagram in the form of a disk inside and outside the tunnel.

All. Automatic Extraction Function of Unstable Block Using Block Theory

As shown in Fig. 14, this function is an algorithm for evaluating the stability of blocks formed by the intersection of the discontinuous planes projected in three dimensions. First, the tunnel wall surface of the curved surface is flattened into a two-dimensional plane to indicate the discontinuities of the discontinuous planes on the plane. After that, the process of extracting the discontinuous surface by analyzing the topology of the block formed by the intersection of the surfaces.

la. 3-D drawing of unstable blocks

As shown in Fig. 15, this function is an algorithm for drawing the extracted unstable blocks in three dimensions.

On the other hand, the tunnel survey system according to an embodiment of the present invention in addition to the function of automatically analyzing the connectivity by searching the joint of the adjacent curtain, 3D projection function of joint (total joint projection, group projection), projection network analysis function, It also provides various statistical analysis functions.

As such, in one embodiment of the present invention, by developing an automated survey technique that can provide safety and economics during the construction of the tunnel and applying it to the construction process, it predicts the factors of the collapse accident and performs rational and scientific reinforcement This can reduce the construction period and the budget due to accidents, thereby laying the foundation for environmentally friendly and safe construction.

While specific embodiments of the present invention have been described so far, various modifications are possible without departing from the scope of the present invention. Therefore, the scope of the present invention should not be limited to the described embodiments, but should be determined not only by the claims below, but also by the equivalents of the claims.

As described above, the present invention has been described by way of limited embodiments and drawings, but the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments, which can be variously modified and modified by those skilled in the art to which the present invention pertains. Modifications are possible. Accordingly, the spirit of the present invention should be understood only by the claims set forth below, and all equivalent or equivalent modifications thereof will belong to the scope of the present invention.

101: image acquisition unit
102: input unit
103: measuring unit
104: estimator
105: recognition unit
106: extraction unit
107: storage unit
108: Information Sharing Department
109: comparator
110: prediction unit
111: control unit

Claims (12)

A measuring unit for measuring a three-dimensional array structure of discontinuous surfaces of the rock mass distributed in the membrane using a three-dimensional image of the tunnel membrane;
An estimator for estimating a trajectory of the discontinuous plane by projecting the measured three-dimensional array structure of the discontinuous plane on the wall surface of the tunnel;
A recognition unit for manufacturing a polygonal phase structure in the tunnel image corresponding to the wall surface and the barrier based on the estimated trajectory, and recognizing a three-dimensional block of the discontinuous surface using the prepared polygonal phase structure; And
Extraction unit for extracting the unstable block by analyzing the recognized three-dimensional block by using block theory, and the extracted unstable block in a three-dimensional drawing
Tunnel survey system using a digital image, characterized in that it comprises a.
The method of claim 1,
Image acquisition unit for acquiring the stereoscopic image by using two cameras arranged in a line and spaced apart from each other at a predetermined interval
Tunnel survey system using a digital image, characterized in that it further comprises.
The method of claim 1,
A storage unit for databaseing the membrane information of the entire tunnel section including the 3D diagram of the unstable block
Tunnel survey system using a digital image, characterized in that it further comprises.
The method of claim 3,
Information sharing unit that allows the real-time sharing of the closing information of the entire tunnel section with the expert group through the Internet using a network network
Tunnel survey system using a digital image, characterized in that it further comprises.
The method of claim 3,
A comparison unit comparing information of adjacent barriers using the barrier information of the entire tunnel section and analyzing the extension of the discontinuous surface based on the comparison result
Tunnel survey system using a digital image, characterized in that it further comprises.
The method of claim 1,
Input unit for inputting sketch information of the discontinuous surface according to the user's pen operation through a portable terminal having a touch screen
Further comprising:
The measuring unit
The tunnel survey system using a digital image, characterized in that for further using the input sketch information to measure the three-dimensional array structure of the discontinuous surface of the rock distributed in the film.
Measuring a three-dimensional array structure of discontinuous surfaces of the rock mass distributed in the membrane using a three-dimensional image of the tunnel membrane;
Estimating a trajectory of the discontinuous plane by projecting the measured three-dimensional array structure of the discontinuous plane on the wall surface of the tunnel;
Fabricating a polygonal phase structure in the tunnel image corresponding to the wall surface and the barrier based on the estimated trajectory, and recognizing a three-dimensional block of the discontinuous surface using the prepared polygonal phase structure; And
Analyzing the recognized three-dimensional block using block theory to extract the unstable block, and the extracted unstable block in a 3D diagram
Tunnel survey method using a digital image, characterized in that it comprises a.
The method of claim 7, wherein
Acquiring the stereoscopic image using two cameras arranged in a line and spaced apart from each other at a predetermined interval;
Tunnel survey method using a digital image, characterized in that it further comprises.
The method of claim 7, wherein
Databaseting the membrane information of all tunnel sections including the 3D diagram of the unstable block.
Tunnel survey method using a digital image, characterized in that it further comprises.
10. The method of claim 9,
Real-time sharing of the curtain information of the entire tunnel section with a group of experts through the Internet using a network;
Tunnel survey method using a digital image, characterized in that it further comprises.
10. The method of claim 9,
Comparing information of adjacent bars using the information on the thicknesses of all sections of the tunnel; And
Analyzing the extensibility of the discontinuous surface based on the comparison result
Tunnel survey method using a digital image, characterized in that it further comprises.
The method of claim 7, wherein
Receiving sketch information of the discontinuous surface according to a user's pen operation through a mobile terminal having a touch screen
Further comprising:
The measuring step
Measuring a three-dimensional array structure of discontinuous surfaces of the rock mass distributed in the film by further using the input sketch information
Tunnel survey method using a digital image, characterized in that it comprises a.

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