CN111323709B - Battery matching method - Google Patents
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- CN111323709B CN111323709B CN201811526052.7A CN201811526052A CN111323709B CN 111323709 B CN111323709 B CN 111323709B CN 201811526052 A CN201811526052 A CN 201811526052A CN 111323709 B CN111323709 B CN 111323709B
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B07—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS; SORTING
- B07C—POSTAL SORTING; SORTING INDIVIDUAL ARTICLES, OR BULK MATERIAL FIT TO BE SORTED PIECE-MEAL, e.g. BY PICKING
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
- H01M10/4207—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells for several batteries or cells simultaneously or sequentially
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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Abstract
The invention provides a battery matching method, which comprises the steps of calculating the charge capacity and the charge dynamics Peukert coefficient of a battery by testing the charge time of the battery under different charge currents, and calculating the discharge capacity and the discharge dynamics Peukert coefficient of the battery by testing the discharge time of the battery under different discharge currents; the batteries with the same charging capacity, charging dynamics Peukert coefficient, discharging capacity and discharging dynamics Peukert coefficient are divided into a group. The charge and discharge performance of each battery in the battery pack obtained by the method is relatively close, the variation trend of each battery parameter is consistent, and the performance consistency of the batteries in the use process is ensured not to be deteriorated.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of lithium ion batteries, and particularly relates to a battery matching method.
Background
With the development of electric vehicles, the requirements of the electric vehicles on power batteries are increasing. In order to meet the requirements of safety, service life, energy and voltage of batteries for electric automobiles, lithium ion batteries need to be assembled. Due to the reasons of lithium ion battery materials, preparation technology, battery use environment and the like, the lithium ion battery monomer performance has the problem of consistency deviation, such as capacity difference and internal resistance difference. If lithium ion batteries with larger performance difference are assembled, the performance of the battery pack is limited by the battery with the worst performance, and in the use process, the battery pack with poor consistency has quicker performance attenuation, and in the use process, safety accidents such as fire, explosion and the like are possibly caused, so that the single batteries with smaller performance difference are required to be assembled. How to reduce the variability between individual cells has been a challenge in the lithium ion battery industry. The traditional grouping method mainly comprises the steps of selecting and grouping the batteries according to the voltage, capacity and internal resistance of the batteries, so that the voltage, capacity and internal resistance parameters of the batteries to be grouped are controlled in a certain range, but the voltage, capacity and internal resistance parameters of each single battery are changed and the change trend is inconsistent in the use of the battery pack by adopting the grouping method, so that the condition that the consistency of the performance of the batteries is poor in the use process is caused, and the performance of the batteries in groups is seriously attenuated.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a battery assembling method which is used for solving the problems that the uniformity of the performance of a group battery is poor and the performance of the group battery is seriously attenuated in the using process caused by the traditional assembling method.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a battery assembling method, comprising the steps of:
the following charge and discharge operations were performed for any one of the batteries: charging the battery with the voltage at the charging set lower limit voltage with different charging currents until the voltage reaches the charging set upper limit voltage, recording charging time under different charging currents, substituting the obtained charging current and charging time into a Prikert equation, and calculating the charging capacity and the charging dynamics Peukert coefficient of the battery; discharging the battery with different discharging currents until the voltage drops to a discharging set lower limit voltage, recording discharging time under different discharging currents, substituting the obtained discharging currents and discharging time into a Prikert equation, and calculating the discharging capacity and the discharging dynamics Peukert coefficient of the battery;
and respectively grading the obtained charge capacity, charge dynamics Peukert coefficient, discharge capacity and discharge dynamics Peukert coefficient of all the batteries, and classifying the batteries with the charge capacity, charge dynamics Peukert coefficient, discharge capacity and discharge dynamics Peukert coefficient of the batteries in the same grade into a group.
According to the invention, the charging capacity and the charging dynamics Peukert coefficient of the battery are calculated by testing the charging time of the battery under different charging currents, and the discharging time of the battery under different discharging currents is tested to calculate the discharging capacity and the discharging dynamics Peukert coefficient of the battery; the batteries with the same charging capacity, charging dynamics Peukert coefficient, discharging capacity and discharging dynamics Peukert coefficient are divided into a group. The charging and discharging performances of the batteries in the battery pack obtained by the method are relatively close, so that the variation trend of the parameters of the batteries is consistent, and the performance consistency of the batteries in the use process is ensured not to be deteriorated.
In order to make the battery assembling result more accurate, the charge-discharge coulomb efficiency is calculated according to the charge capacity of the battery and the discharge capacity of the battery, the charge-discharge coulomb efficiency is graded, and the battery with the charge capacity, the charge dynamics Peukert coefficient, the discharge capacity of the battery, the discharge dynamics Peukert coefficient and the charge-discharge coulomb efficiency in the same grade is divided into a group.
In order not to influence the test parameters when the batteries are discharged, after the charging operation is performed on any one battery, the battery is kept stand for a first set time and then is discharged.
In order to save the charging test time, for any one battery, the charging time under different charging currents is obtained by the following steps:
first by charging current I c1 Charging the battery until the voltage reaches the charging set upper limit voltage, recording the charging current I c1 Time t of charging at the next stage 1 Then with charging current I c1 Charging time t for charging battery c1 ＝t 1 After standing for a corresponding set time, continuously charging with the current I c2 Charging the battery until the voltage reaches the charging set upper limit voltage, recording the charging current I c2 Charging time t from the start of charging to the stage when the voltage reaches the charge setting upper limit voltage 2 Then with charging current I c2 Charging time t for charging battery c2 The calculation formula of (2) is as follows:
after standing for a corresponding set time, the charging current I is continued c3 Charging the battery until the voltage reaches the charging set upper limit voltage, recording the charging current I c3 Charging time t from the start of charging to the stage when the voltage reaches the charge setting upper limit voltage 3 Then with charging current I c3 Charging time t for charging battery c3 The calculation formula of (2) is as follows:
similarly, after the corresponding setting time is kept stand, the charging current I is continued cm Charging the battery until the voltage reaches the charging set upper limit voltage, recording the charging current I cm Charging time t from the start of charging to the stage when the voltage reaches the charge setting upper limit voltage m Then with charging current I cm Charging time t for charging battery cm The calculation formula of (2) is as follows:
wherein m is the charging frequency, and m is more than or equal to 2.
In order to obtain the charge capacity and the charge dynamics Peukert coefficient of the battery, the charge current and the charge time are fitted to calculate the charge capacity and the charge dynamics Peukert coefficient of the battery, and the calculation formula of the charge capacity and the charge dynamics Peukert coefficient of the battery is as follows:
Q c ＝I cm Kc t cm
wherein Q is c K is the charge capacity of the battery C The Peukert coefficient is the charging dynamics.
In order to save discharge test time, for any one battery, the process of obtaining the discharge time under different discharge currents is as follows:
first by discharge current I d1 Discharging the battery until the voltage reaches the discharge setting lower limit voltage, recording the discharge current I d1 The lower stage discharge time t' 1 Then, with discharge current I d1 Discharge time t for discharging battery d1 ＝t′ 1 After standing for a corresponding set time, continuing to discharge the current I d2 Discharging the battery until the voltage reaches the discharge set lower limit voltage, recording the discharge current I d2 A stage discharge time t 'from the start of discharge to the time when the voltage reaches the discharge set lower limit voltage' 2 Then, with discharge current I d2 Discharge time t for discharging battery d2 The calculation formula of (2) is as follows:
after standing for a corresponding set time, continuing to discharge the current I d3 Discharging the battery until the voltage reaches the discharge set lower limit voltage, recording the discharge current I d3 A stage discharge time t 'from the start of discharge to the time when the voltage reaches the discharge set lower limit voltage' 3 Then, with discharge current I d3 Discharge time t for discharging battery d3 The calculation formula of (2) is as follows:
similarly, after the corresponding setting time is kept stand, the discharge current I is continued dn Discharging the battery until the voltage reaches the discharge set lower limit voltage, recording the discharge current I dn A stage discharge time t 'from the start of discharge to the time when the voltage reaches the discharge set lower limit voltage' n Then, with discharge current I dn Discharge time t for discharging battery dn The calculation formula of (2) is as follows:
wherein n is the number of discharge times, and n is more than or equal to 2.
In order to obtain the discharge capacity and the discharge dynamics Peukert coefficient of the battery, fitting the discharge current and the discharge time to calculate the discharge capacity and the discharge dynamics Peukert coefficient of the battery, wherein the calculation formula of the discharge capacity and the discharge dynamics Peukert coefficient of the battery is as follows:
Q d ＝I dn Kd t dn
wherein Q is d For discharge capacity of battery, K d Is the coefficient of the discharge dynamics Peukert.
When the battery is subjected to a charging test, in order to avoid adverse effects on the battery, the magnitude of the charging current is sequentially reduced, so that for any one battery, the magnitude relation between different charging currents is as follows:
I cm ＜I cm-1 。
when the discharge test is performed on the battery, in order to avoid adverse effects on the battery, the magnitude setting of the discharge current is sequentially reduced, so that for any one battery, the magnitude relation between different discharge currents is as follows:
I dn ＜I dn-1 。
drawings
Fig. 1 is a flowchart of a battery pack method of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The following describes the embodiments of the present invention further with reference to the accompanying drawings:
examples of battery pack method:
a battery matching method comprises the following processing steps: the following charge and discharge operations were performed for any one of the batteries: charging the battery with the voltage at the charging set lower limit voltage with different charging currents until the voltage reaches the charging set upper limit voltage, recording charging time under different charging currents, substituting the obtained charging current and charging time into a Prikert equation, and calculating the charging capacity and the charging dynamics Peukert coefficient of the battery; discharging the battery with different discharging currents until the voltage drops to a discharging set lower limit voltage, recording discharging time under different discharging currents, substituting the obtained discharging currents and discharging time into a Prikert equation, and calculating the discharging capacity and the discharging dynamics Peukert coefficient of the battery; and respectively grading the obtained charge capacity, charge dynamics Peukert coefficient, discharge capacity and discharge dynamics Peukert coefficient of all the batteries, and classifying the batteries with the charge capacity, charge dynamics Peukert coefficient, discharge capacity and discharge dynamics Peukert coefficient of the batteries in the same grade into a group.
Specifically, the battery matching method of the present embodiment, as shown in fig. 1, includes the following steps:
1. before each battery is charged, the voltage of the battery is reduced to a lower limit voltage of a charging setting, the lower limit voltage can be obtained by discharging the battery by adopting small current, the lower limit voltage can also be other setting values, the small current in the embodiment is preferably 0.05-0.1C current, of course, other ranges of current can also be selected, and the battery is placed at room temperature after being discharged.
2. Testing different currents I c Time t at which the battery is charged to the cut-off voltage (full-charge voltage) c And (3) charging in a step (3) mode to save the test time cost and calculating the time:
3. for any one battery, the charging current I is used first c1 The battery is charged until the voltage reaches a charging set upper limit voltage (i.e., the full voltage), which may be other set value, and the charging current I is recorded c1 Time t of charging at the next stage 1 ，I c1 Preferably 0.75C to 1.25C, then at a charging current I c1 Charging time t for charging battery c1 ＝t 1 After the corresponding setting time is set, the charging time interval setting time of this embodiment is 5-60 min, preferably 15-35 min, and as other embodiments, a suitable setting time can be selected according to actual requirements; continue to charge electricityStream I c2 Charging the battery until the voltage reaches the charging set upper limit voltage, recording the charging current I c2 Charging time t from the start of charging to the stage when the voltage reaches the charge setting upper limit voltage 2 Then with charging current I c2 Charging time t for charging battery c2 The calculation formula of (2) is as follows:
standing for 5-60 min, and continuing to charge with the current I c3 Charging the battery until the voltage reaches the charging set upper limit voltage, recording the charging current I c3 Charging time t from the start of charging to the stage when the voltage reaches the charge setting upper limit voltage 3 Then with charging current I c3 Charging time t for charging battery c3 The calculation formula of (2) is as follows:
and so on, after standing for 15-35 min, continuously charging with the current I cm Charging the battery until the voltage reaches the charging set upper limit voltage, recording the charging current I cm Charging time t from the start of charging to the stage when the voltage reaches the charge setting upper limit voltage m ，I cm Preferably 0.05C to 0.1C, then at a charging current I cm Charging time t for charging battery cm The calculation formula of (2) is as follows:
wherein, m is the number of times of charging, in order to avoid producing harmful effect to the battery, the size of charging current reduces in proper order, therefore, to arbitrary battery, the size relation between the different charging current is: i cm ＜I cm-1 。
It should be noted that, after the battery is charged by one charging current, the battery is charged by another charging current after a corresponding set time, where the time interval between every two charging currents, that is, the corresponding set time may be set to be the same or different.
4. According to the calculated charging current I cm And a charging time t cm Substituting into the Prkett equation to obtain the charge capacity and the charge current I of the battery cm Charge time t cm The relation between the expression is:
Q c ＝I cm Kc t cm
wherein Q is c K is the charge capacity of the battery C The more the value of m is for the charging dynamics Peukert coefficient, the more accurate the calculated value of the charging capacity and the charging dynamics Peukert coefficient of the battery is finally obtained.
The independent variable is ln (I cm ) The strain amount is ln (t) cm ) The expression of the linear equation is:
ln(t cm )＝ln(Q c )-K c ln(I cm )
substituting data to obtain K by fitting and solving the linear equation c And Q c 。
5. For any of the above batteries to be charged, after all the above-mentioned charging operations are performed, each battery is in a full state at this time, and then is left to stand at a high temperature for a first set time, and then is discharged, the high temperature in this embodiment is 40 to 65 ℃, preferably 45 to 55 ℃, and the first set time is 8 hours or more, preferably 12 to 36 hours.
6. For any full-current battery, the process of obtaining the discharge time under different discharge currents is as follows:
first by discharge current I d1 Discharging the battery until the voltage reaches the discharge setting lower limit voltage, recording the discharge current I d1 The lower stage discharge time t' 1 ，I d1 Preferably0.75C to 1.25C, then, the discharge current I d1 Discharge time t for discharging battery d1 ＝t′ 1 After the corresponding setting time is set, the setting time of the discharge time interval in this embodiment is 5-60 min, preferably 15-35 min, and as other embodiments, a proper setting time can be selected according to actual requirements; continue to discharge current I d2 Discharging the battery until the voltage reaches the discharge set lower limit voltage, recording the discharge current I d2 A stage discharge time t 'from the start of discharge to the time when the voltage reaches the discharge set lower limit voltage' 2 Then, with discharge current I d2 Discharge time t for discharging battery d2 The calculation formula of (2) is as follows:
standing for 15-35 min, and continuing to discharge current I d3 Discharging the battery until the voltage reaches the discharge set lower limit voltage, recording the discharge current I d3 A stage discharge time t 'from the start of discharge to the time when the voltage reaches the discharge set lower limit voltage' 3 Then, with discharge current I d3 Discharge time t for discharging battery d3 The calculation formula of (2) is as follows:
similarly, after the corresponding setting time is kept stand, the discharge current I is continued dn Discharging the battery, I dn Preferably 0.05C to 0.1C until the voltage reaches the discharge set lower limit voltage, recorded as discharge current I dn A stage discharge time t 'from the start of discharge to the time when the voltage reaches the discharge set lower limit voltage' n Then, with discharge current I dn Discharge time t for discharging battery dn The calculation formula of (2) is as follows:
wherein n is the number of times of discharging, in order to avoid producing harmful effect to the battery, the magnitude setting of discharge current reduces in proper order, therefore, for arbitrary battery, the magnitude relation between the different discharge currents is: i dn ＜I dn-1 。
It should be noted that, after the discharge test is performed on the battery by using one discharge current, the discharge test is performed on the battery by using another discharge current after a corresponding set time, where the time interval between every two discharge currents, that is, the corresponding set time, may be set to be the same or different.
7. According to the calculated discharge current I dn And discharge time t dn Substituting into the Prket equation to obtain the discharge capacity and the discharge current I of the battery dn Time t of discharge dn The relation between the expression is:
Q d ＝I dn Kd t dn
wherein Q is d For discharge capacity of battery, K d The more the value of n is, the more accurate the calculated value of the discharge dynamics Peukert coefficient and the discharge capacity of the battery is finally obtained.
The independent variable is ln (I dn ) The strain amount is ln (t) dn ) The expression of the linear equation is:
ln(t dn )＝ln(Q d )-K d ln(I dn )
substituting data to obtain K by fitting and solving the linear equation d And Q d 。
8. Calculating charge-discharge coulomb efficiency η, η=q from charge capacity of the battery and discharge capacity of the battery d /Q c Grading the charge-discharge coulombic efficiency eta, and charging the charge capacity, the charge dynamics Peukert coefficient, the discharge capacity, the discharge dynamics Peukert coefficient and the charge-discharge coulombic efficiency of the batteryThe batteries with eta in the same grade are divided into a group. Charge capacity Q of battery c Discharge capacity Q of battery d The gear of the battery is preferably 2 or 3 gears, the ratio of the difference between the upper limit capacity and the lower limit capacity of the gear to the rated capacity is preferably 1-5%, and the charging dynamics Peukert coefficient K is c Coefficient of discharge kinetics Peukert K d The gear is preferably 2 or 3, the ratio of the upper and lower limit difference value of the gear to the average value is preferably 5-20%, the gear is preferably 2 or 3, and the ratio of the upper and lower limit difference value of the gear to the average value is preferably 5-25%.
The charging time interval and the discharging time interval in the above embodiment may be equal or unequal, and may be specifically determined according to the test requirements, and the charging frequency and the discharging frequency in this embodiment may be equal or unequal.
The battery matching method of the invention is compared with the traditional battery matching method by a specific example, and a lithium manganate soft package battery with the rated capacity of 48Ah on a certain electric vehicle is selected and tested as a battery of the same batch.
The process of matching the batteries by adopting the traditional method comprises the following steps:
1) Testing whether the open-circuit voltage of the battery is higher than a specified value by 10mV before and after the battery is placed at the room temperature of 30% SOC for 7 days, and judging that the battery is unqualified if the open-circuit voltage exceeds the specified value;
2) The qualified monomer is selected and matched with four grades of capacity (the capacity is the discharge capacity of the battery cabinet test 1C) of 48.0-48.8 Ah, 48.8-49.4 Ah, 49.4-50.2 Ah and more than 50.2 Ah;
3) The battery AC internal resistance (1000 Hz) under 50% SOC is tested at room temperature, and the grading is carried out, and the grading method is as follows: and if the measured value is smaller than 0.35mΩ, 0.35-0.45 mΩ, and larger than 0.45mΩ, the measured value is determined to be unqualified.
And (3) testing the circulation performance, namely selecting batteries with the capacity of 49.4-50.2 Ah and the internal resistance of 0.35-0.45 mΩ to form a 2-to-5-string (2P 5S) module, testing according to a 5.2 standard circulation life test method in national standard GB/T31484-2015, recording the static pressure difference of 50% SOC after the SOC is put aside for 2h before and after circulation, and the capacity of the modules before and after the test, wherein the test data of the battery modules are shown in Table 1.
The battery assembling process of the embodiment is as follows:
1. at room temperature, the battery is emptied by adopting 0.05C current, the charging time of the battery under different charging currents (1C, 0.5C, 0.2C and 0.1C) is tested, and the test between the different currents is laid aside for 20min;
2. high temperature 55 ℃ is set aside for 24 hours and cooled to room temperature;
3. testing the discharge time of the battery under different discharge currents (1C, 0.5C, 0.2C and 0.1C), and placing the battery for 20min between the different currents;
4. obtaining Q of each battery c 、Q d 、K c 、K d Parameters η;
5. the steps are carried out according to the following method:
Q c : less than 49.2Ah is judged to be unqualified, 49.2-51.8 Ah is judged to be more than 51.8Ah is judged to be qualified;
Q d : less than 48.5Ah is judged to be unqualified, 48.5-51.1 Ah is judged to be more than 51.1Ah is judged to be qualified;
K c : less than 1.015 and 1.015-1.026, and more than 1.026, and is unqualified;
K d : less than 1.011, 1.011-1.023, and more than 1.023, and not qualified;
η: less than 98.3% is judged to be unqualified.
And (3) testing the cycle performance: select Q c At 49.2-51.8 Ah, Q d At 48.5-51.1 Ah, K c 1.015-1.026, K d And 2-5 strings (2P 5S) of modules are formed by 1.011-1.023 percent of batteries with eta of more than 98.3 percent, the modules are tested according to a 5.2 standard cycle life test method in national standard GB/T31484-2015, and the static pressure difference of 50 percent of SOC and the capacity of the modules before and after the test after the SOC is adjusted to rest for 2 hours before and after the cycle are recorded.
The module test data are shown in Table 1, and the cycle performance and the battery consistency are better than those of the comparative examples in Table 1.
Another process of assembling the battery in this embodiment is:
(1) At room temperature, the battery is emptied by adopting 0.1C current, and the battery charging time under different charging currents (0.8C, 0.6C, 0.2C and 0.1C) is tested, and the battery is placed between the different currents for 30min;
(2) The mixture is placed at a high temperature of 50 ℃ for 36 hours and cooled to room temperature;
(3) Testing the discharge time of the battery under different discharge currents (1.2C, 0.6C, 0.3C and 0.1C), and placing the battery between the different currents for 25 minutes;
(4) Find each cell Q c 、Q d 、K c 、K d Parameters η;
(5) The steps are carried out according to the following method:
Q c : less than 49.2Ah is judged to be unqualified, 49.2-51.8 Ah is judged to be more than 51.8Ah is judged to be qualified;
Q d : less than 48.4Ah is judged to be unqualified, 48.4-51.0 Ah is judged to be more than 51.0Ah is judged to be qualified;
K c : less than 1.015 and 1.015-1.026, and more than 1.026, and is unqualified;
K d : less than 1.011, 1.011-1.023, and more than 1.023, and not qualified;
η: less than 98.2% is judged to be disqualified.
And (3) testing the cycle performance: select Q c At 49.2-51.8 Ah, Q d At 48.4-51.0 Ah, K c 1.015-1.026, K d And 2-5 strings (2P 5S) of modules are formed by 1.011-1.023 and more than 98.2% of batteries, the modules are tested according to a 5.2 standard cycle life test method in national standard GB/T31484-2015, and the static pressure difference of the SOC after being placed for 2 hours and the capacity of the modules before and after the test are recorded and adjusted.
The module test data are shown in Table 1, and the cycle performance and the battery consistency are better than those of the comparative examples in Table 1.
TABLE 1
Specific embodiments are given above, but the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments. The basic idea of the invention is that the above basic scheme, it is not necessary for a person skilled in the art to design various modified models, formulas, parameters according to the teaching of the invention to take creative effort. Variations, modifications, substitutions and alterations are also possible in the embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. The battery matching method is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
the following charge and discharge operations were performed for any one of the batteries: charging the battery with the voltage at the charging set lower limit voltage with different charging currents until the voltage reaches the charging set upper limit voltage, recording charging time under different charging currents, substituting the obtained charging current and charging time into a Prikert equation, and calculating the charging capacity and the charging dynamics Peukert coefficient of the battery; discharging the battery with different discharging currents until the voltage drops to a discharging set lower limit voltage, recording discharging time under different discharging currents, substituting the obtained discharging currents and discharging time into a Prikert equation, and calculating the discharging capacity and the discharging dynamics Peukert coefficient of the battery;
and respectively grading the obtained charge capacity, charge dynamics Peukert coefficient, discharge capacity and discharge dynamics Peukert coefficient of all the batteries, and classifying the batteries with the charge capacity, charge dynamics Peukert coefficient, discharge capacity and discharge dynamics Peukert coefficient of the batteries in the same grade into a group.
2. The battery pack method according to claim 1, wherein the charge-discharge coulombic efficiency is calculated according to the charge capacity of the battery and the discharge capacity of the battery, the charge-discharge coulombic efficiency is classified, and the batteries having the same charge capacity, charge kinetics Peukert coefficient, discharge capacity of the battery, discharge kinetics Peukert coefficient, and charge-discharge coulombic efficiency are classified into one group.
3. The battery pack method according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the discharging operation is performed after the first set time is left for a first set time after the charging operation is performed for any one of the batteries.
4. A battery pack method according to claim 3, wherein the process of obtaining the charging time at different charging currents for any one of the batteries is:
first by charging current I c1 Charging the battery until the voltage reaches the charging set upper limit voltage, recording the charging current I c1 Time t of charging at the next stage 1 Then with charging current I c1 Charging time t for charging battery c1 ＝t 1 After standing for a corresponding set time, continuously charging with the current I c2 Charging the battery until the voltage reaches the charging set upper limit voltage, recording the charging current I c2 Charging time t from the start of charging to the stage when the voltage reaches the charge setting upper limit voltage 2 Then with charging current I c2 Charging time t for charging battery c2 The calculation formula of (2) is as follows:
after standing for a corresponding set time, the charging current I is continued c3 Charging the battery until the voltage reaches the charging set upper limit voltage, recording the charging current I c3 Charging time t from the start of charging to the stage when the voltage reaches the charge setting upper limit voltage 3 Then with charging current I c3 Charging time t for charging battery c3 The calculation formula of (2) is as follows:
similarly, after the corresponding setting time is kept stand, the charging current I is continued cm Charging the battery until the voltage reaches the charging set upper limit voltage, recording the charged electricityStream I cm Charging time t from the start of charging to the stage when the voltage reaches the charge setting upper limit voltage m Then with charging current I cm Charging time t for charging battery cm The calculation formula of (2) is as follows:
wherein m is the charging frequency, and m is more than or equal to 2.
5. The battery matching method according to claim 4, wherein the charge capacity and the charge dynamics Peukert coefficient of the battery are calculated by fitting the charge current and the charge time, and the calculation formula of the charge capacity and the charge dynamics Peukert coefficient of the battery is:
Q c ＝I cm Kc t cm
wherein Q is c K is the charge capacity of the battery C The Peukert coefficient is the charging dynamics.
6. A battery pack method according to claim 3, wherein the process of obtaining the discharge time at different discharge currents for any one of the batteries is:
first by discharge current I d1 Discharging the battery until the voltage reaches the discharge setting lower limit voltage, recording the discharge current I d1 The lower stage discharge time t' 1 Then, with discharge current I d1 Discharge time t for discharging battery d1 ＝t′ 1 After standing for a corresponding set time, continuing to discharge the current I d2 Discharging the battery until the voltage reaches the discharge set lower limit voltage, recording the discharge current I d2 A stage discharge time t 'from the start of discharge to the time when the voltage reaches the discharge set lower limit voltage' 2 Then, with discharge current I d2 Discharge time t for discharging battery d2 The calculation formula of (2) is as follows:
after standing for a corresponding set time, continuing to discharge the current I d3 Discharging the battery until the voltage reaches the discharge set lower limit voltage, recording the discharge current I d3 A stage discharge time t 'from the start of discharge to the time when the voltage reaches the discharge set lower limit voltage' 3 Then, with discharge current I d3 Discharge time t for discharging battery d3 The calculation formula of (2) is as follows:
similarly, after the corresponding setting time is kept stand, the discharge current I is continued dn Discharging the battery until the voltage reaches the discharge set lower limit voltage, recording the discharge current I dn A stage discharge time t 'from the start of discharge to the time when the voltage reaches the discharge set lower limit voltage' n Then, with discharge current I dn Discharge time t for discharging battery dn The calculation formula of (2) is as follows:
wherein n is the number of discharge times, and n is more than or equal to 2.
7. The battery matching method according to claim 6, wherein the discharge current and the discharge time are fitted to calculate the discharge capacity and the discharge dynamics Peukert coefficient of the battery, and the calculation formula of the discharge capacity and the discharge dynamics Peukert coefficient of the battery is:
Q d ＝I dn Kd t dn
wherein Q is d For discharge capacity of battery, K d For the discharge kinetics Peukert lineA number.
8. The battery pack method according to claim 4, wherein the magnitude relation between different charging currents for any one of the batteries is:
I cm ＜I cm-1 。
9. the battery pack method according to claim 6, wherein the magnitude relation between different discharge currents for any one of the batteries is:
I dn ＜I dn-1 。
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| CN103513190A (en) * | 2013-10-24 | 2014-01-15 | 国家电网公司 | Method and system for testing consistency of performances of batteries |
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