CN111323340A - Device for measuring surface tension of liquid - Google Patents
Device for measuring surface tension of liquid Download PDFInfo
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- CN111323340A CN111323340A CN202010171334.0A CN202010171334A CN111323340A CN 111323340 A CN111323340 A CN 111323340A CN 202010171334 A CN202010171334 A CN 202010171334A CN 111323340 A CN111323340 A CN 111323340A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N13/00—Investigating surface or boundary effects, e.g. wetting power; Investigating diffusion effects; Analysing materials by determining surface, boundary, or diffusion effects
- G01N13/02—Investigating surface tension of liquids
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Abstract
The invention discloses a device for measuring liquid surface tension, which comprises a vertical rod, a top mounting frame, a force-sensitive sensor module, a measuring ring module, a digital voltmeter, a water bath tank base, a spring module and a base leveling module. Firstly, placing a beaker filled with liquid to be measured in a storage tank in a water bath box, adjusting a base to be horizontal, fixing a force-sensitive sensor, adjusting a measuring ring to be horizontal, starting a bottom fixed pulley to adjust the water bath box to a proper position, starting a heating switch and a water pump switch to heat the liquid to be measured to a required temperature, starting a top fixed pulley to slowly lift the measuring ring, and measuring the surface tension of the liquid. The force-sensitive sensor and the measuring ring can move left and right, three beakers are arranged in the water bath tank, three groups of data can be measured in one experiment, and the water bath tank can research the influence of temperature on the surface tension of the liquid; the measuring ring module is provided with a level gauge, so that the ring can be ensured to horizontally fall into and be pulled out of the liquid level, and the measuring result is more accurate.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of measuring equipment, and particularly relates to a device for measuring the surface tension of a liquid by a pull-off method.
Background
The surface tension is a force which contracts the liquid surface along the liquid surface due to the uneven molecular force applied to the liquid surface layer, and the tension per unit length is called a surface tension coefficient. There are various methods for measuring the surface tension coefficient of a liquid, such as a pull-off method, a maximum bubble method, a drop weight method, a capillary method, etc., among which the pull-off method is one of the most commonly used methods. The pull-off method is characterized in that a fixed end of a force-sensitive sensor is fixed, and a measuring ring is suspended at a stress end to enable the ring to lift and generate an annular liquid film. Along with the lifting of the circular ring, the voltage on the force-sensitive sensor changes. The surface tension of the liquid to be measured can be obtained by the voltage variation of the force-sensitive sensors before and after the liquid film is broken.
The conventional method has the following problems:
1. the measuring ring is not easy to adjust level: the experiment requires that the liquid to be measured is horizontally fed into and pulled out of the circular ring, and the traditional method can only be used for measuring whether the circular ring keeps horizontal before and after the circular ring enters and exits the liquid to be measured, and has larger deviation.
2. Manually controlling the measuring ring: in the traditional method, the liquid level of the circular ring needs to be manually operated, the circular ring is difficult to control to lift at a constant speed, and meanwhile, the manual operation is easy to generate uneven shaking, so that a liquid film is broken in advance, and the measurement result is inaccurate.
3. The measurement of the lifting stroke of the circular ring is small: in the traditional method, the object stage is lifted by adjusting the object stage lifting nut to realize that the measuring circular ring enters and exits the liquid to be measured, the operable stroke is small, the liquid film cannot be broken, and the fluctuation of the liquid level is easily caused.
4. Temperature-changing experiments could not be performed: the influence of temperature on the surface tension is large, and the traditional method has no heating and heat preservation control device, so that the further progress of the experiment is limited.
Disclosure of Invention
The present invention provides a device for measuring the surface tension of a liquid, which can solve the above problems, and can further study the influence of temperature on the surface tension.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the technical scheme that: an apparatus for measuring the surface tension of a liquid, comprising: the device comprises a vertical rod, a top mounting frame, a force-sensitive sensor module, a measuring ring module, a digital voltmeter, a water bath tank base, a spring module and a base leveling module; the upright stanchion is used for supporting the top mounting frame, and the force-sensitive sensor module comprises a force-sensitive sensor, a metal shell and a top force-sensitive sensor sliding and positioning device; the force-sensitive sensor sliding and positioning device is fixed below the top mounting frame and comprises a positioning clamping groove, a top fixed pulley and a top pulley control button;
the measuring ring module comprises a triangular bracket, an adjusting knob, a level gauge, a circular tray and a measuring ring; the adjusting knob is fixed on the triangular support, is connected with a rope at the stress end of the force-sensitive sensor through a rigid rope, and is connected with the round tray through a flexible rope; the level meter is fixed in the center of the circular tray, is connected with the measuring ring through a rigid rope and is used for adjusting the level of the measuring ring;
the top fixed pulley pulls one end of a rope hung on the force-sensitive sensor, so that the measuring ring moves up and down; one side of the positioning clamping groove, which is far away from the vertical rod, is magnetic and is used for fixing the force-sensitive sensor, so that the measuring circular rings fall into the centers of the three beakers respectively;
the water bath box is placed on a water bath box base, and a positioning frame is drawn on the water bath box base to ensure that the measuring ring accurately falls into liquid to be measured; the outer side of the water bath box is provided with a temperature display screen, a heating switch and a water pump switch, and the interior of the water bath box is provided with a temperature measuring instrument, a heating rod, a water pump, a storage plate and a storage groove; the object placing plate is arranged at the bottom of the water bath box, three hollow object placing grooves are formed in the object placing plate, and the beakers are respectively placed in the object placing grooves during an experiment;
the spring module consists of 4 groups of identical springs, a telescopic metal shell is arranged outside each spring, and the telescopic action is controlled by a bottom fixed pulley;
the digital voltmeter outputs data to the computer, the voltage gradually decreases along with the rising and falling of the measuring ring, the voltage gradually increases to a peak value and then gradually decreases, and finally the turning point of the sudden decrease is the reading when the liquid film breaks.
Furthermore, the heating rod is arranged on one side, away from the vertical rod, of the bottom of the water bath box, and the water pump is arranged on one side, close to the vertical rod, of the bottom of the water bath box.
Further, the top fixed pulley is arranged on one side, far away from the vertical rod, below the top mounting frame, and a control line of the top fixed pulley penetrates through the mounting frame and is arranged above the top fixed pulley.
Furthermore, the thermodetector is provided with four probes which are respectively arranged in the three beakers and the water bath box at the outer side of the beakers, and the temperature display screen simultaneously displays the temperatures of the 4 probes.
The bottom fixed pulley comprises an elastic rope, a buckle, a rotating wheel, a rigid rope, a metal shell, a support, a base and a control switch.
The bottom leveling module consists of 3 bottom adjusting knobs and a level gauge.
The functions of each module are as follows: the position of the force-sensitive sensor in the force-sensitive sensor module can be adjusted, so that three groups of data can be obtained in one experiment; and the fixed pulley is matched to ensure that the measuring ring module can stably lift. The measuring ring module is provided with a level gauge, and the level of the measuring ring module can be adjusted and kept at any time in the lifting process of the measuring ring. The water bath box is provided with three storage tanks for simultaneously storing three beakers for carrying out a control experiment. The presence of a water bath tank can be used to further study the effect of temperature on the surface tension of the liquid. The spring module can be used for adjusting the position of the water bath box base under the control of the fixed pulley, the lifting stroke of the measuring ring is increased, and the problem that a liquid film cannot be broken due to the over-small stroke is solved. The base leveling module can ensure that the device is not influenced when used on an experiment table which is not smooth enough.
The measuring ring module is hung on the stress end of the force-sensitive sensor. From top to bottom, connect the triangular supports by the rigid rope first, connect the circular tray by the flexible rope again, rigid rope connects and measures the ring at last.
Adjusting knobs are arranged at the connecting points of the triangular supports and the circular tray, and a level meter is fixed on the circular tray and used for adjusting and measuring the level of the circular ring.
The spring module comprises 4 groups of same springs and a telescopic metal shell.
The bottom fixed pulley pulls the water bath box base to enable the spring to stretch, and the metal shell can be automatically locked after the spring is stabilized.
After the control switch is started to lift the water bath box base to a proper position in an experiment, the elastic rope is pulled to be hung at the buckle to lock the rope, so that the position of the water bath box is stable.
Has the advantages that: the force-sensitive sensor and the measuring ring can move left and right, three beakers are arranged in the water bath tank, three groups of data can be measured in one experiment, and the influence of temperature on the surface tension of the liquid can be further researched due to the existence of the water bath tank; the measuring ring module is provided with a level gauge, so that the ring can be ensured to horizontally fall into and be pulled out of the liquid level, and the measuring result is more accurate.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a measurement ring module of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the interior of the water bath tank of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic structural view of a crown block in the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the force sensor slide positioning apparatus of the present invention.
In the figure: 1. installing a frame; 2. erecting a rod; 3. a base; 4. force sensitive sensors and metal housings; 5. a measuring ring module; 501. a triangular bracket; 502. adjusting a knob; 503. a level gauge; 504. a circular tray; 505. measuring a circular ring; 6. a digital voltmeter; 7. a water bath tank; 701. a temperature display screen; 702. a heating switch; 703. a water pump switch; 704. a heating rod; 705. a water pump; 706. a storage plate; 707. a storage groove; (ii) a 8. A water bath base; 901. a spring; 902. a retractable metal housing; 10. a bottom fixed pulley; 1001. an elastic cord; 1002. fixing the buckle; 1003. a rotating wheel; 1004. a rigid cord; 1005. a metal housing; 1006. a support; 1007. a base; 1008. a control switch; 1101. a base adjustment knob; 1102. a base level; 12. a top force sensor sliding and positioning device; 1201. positioning the clamping groove; 1202. a top fixed pulley; 1203. a top pulley control button.
The specific implementation mode is as follows:
embodiments of the invention are further described below with reference to the following drawings:
as shown in fig. 1-5, the present invention comprises a force sensor module, a measuring ring module 5, a digital voltmeter 6, a water bath tank 7, a water bath tank base 8, a spring module, and a base leveling module. The force-sensitive sensor module comprises a force-sensitive sensor, a metal shell 4 and a top force-sensitive sensor sliding and positioning device 12. The measuring ring module 5 comprises a triangular bracket 501, an adjusting knob 502, a level gauge 503, a circular tray 504 and a measuring ring 505. The water bath box 7 comprises a temperature display screen 701, a heating switch 702, a water pump switch 703, a heating rod 704, a water pump 705, a storage plate 706 and a storage groove 707. The spring module comprises four groups of springs 901, a telescopic metal shell 902 and a fixed pulley 10.
The force sensor sliding and positioning device 12 is fixed below the top mounting frame 1, and comprises a positioning slot 1201, a fixed pulley 1202, and a top pulley control button 1203.
The side of the positioning clamping groove 1201 far away from the vertical rod 2 is magnetic and used for fixing the force-sensitive sensors, so that the measuring ring 505 hung on the force-sensitive sensors 4 accurately falls into the center of each beaker. The fixed pulley 1202 is installed on the side of the top mounting frame 1 far away from the vertical rod 2, and the control wire thereof is arranged above the top mounting frame 1 through the mounting frame 1.
The measuring ring module 5 is hung on the stress end of the force-sensitive sensor. From top to bottom, the triangular bracket 501 is connected by a rigid rope, the circular tray 504 is connected by a flexible rope, and finally the measuring circular ring 505 is connected by a rigid rope.
Wherein, the connecting point of the triangular bracket 501 and the circular tray 504 is provided with an adjusting knob 502, and the circular tray 504 is fixed with a level gauge 503 for adjusting the level of the measuring ring 505.
The digital voltmeter 6 outputs data to the computer, the voltage gradually decreases and then gradually increases to a peak value and then gradually decreases along with the rising and falling of the measuring ring 505, and finally the voltage gradually decreases, and the turning point of the voltage gradually decreases is the reading when the liquid film breaks.
The water bath tank 7 is placed on the water bath tank base 8, and the positioning frame is drawn on the water bath tank base 8 to ensure that the measuring ring 505 accurately falls into the liquid to be measured. The outside of the water bath tank 7 is provided with a temperature display screen 701, a heating switch 702 and a water pump switch 703, and the inside is provided with a temperature measuring instrument, a heating rod 704, a water pump 705, a storage plate 706 and a storage groove 707.
Wherein, the heating rod 704 is arranged at one side of the bottom of the water bath tank 7 far away from the upright 2, and the water pump 705 is arranged at one side of the bottom of the water bath tank 7 near the upright 2. The temperature measuring instrument is provided with four probes which are respectively arranged in the three beakers and the water bath box at the outer side, and the temperature display screen 701 can simultaneously display the temperatures of the 4 probes.
Wherein, the bottom of the water bath tank 7 is provided with a storage plate 706, three hollow storage grooves 707 are arranged inside the storage plate 706, and the beakers are respectively placed in the storage grooves 707 during the experiment.
The spring module comprises 4 groups of identical springs 901 and a telescopic metal shell 902, the bottom fixed pulley 10 pulls the water bath box base 8 to enable the springs 901 to stretch, and the metal shell 902 can be automatically locked after being stabilized.
The fixed pulley 10 includes an elastic cable 1001, a buckle 1002, a rotating wheel 1003, a rigid cable 1004, a metal housing 1005, a bracket 1006, a base 1007, and a control switch 1008. In the experiment, after the control switch 1008 is started to enable the water bath box base 8 to ascend and descend to a proper position, the elastic rope 1001 is pulled to be hung at the buckle 1002 to lock the rope, and the position of the water bath box 7 is stable.
The base leveling module includes 3 bottom adjustment knobs 1101 and a level 1102.
The working process is as follows: first, the beaker containing the liquid to be measured is placed in a storage tank 707 in a water bath tank 7Adjusting base 3 to the level, fixing force sensor, adjusting measuring ring 505 to the level, starting bottom fixed pulley 10 to adjust water bath tank 7 to a proper position, opening heating switch 702, water pump switch 703 to heat the liquid to be measured to a required temperature, starting top fixed pulley 1202 to slowly lift measuring ring 505, obtaining the voltage U variation U of the liquid film tension before and after fracture through digital voltmeter 61-U2Then the surface tension of the liquid F ═ U1-U2) B, liquid surface tension coefficient α ═ F/pi (D)1+D2) Wherein B is the sensitivity of the force sensor, D1、D2To measure the inside and outside diameters of the ring 505.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention, and various modifications and changes may be made by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. An apparatus for measuring the surface tension of a liquid, comprising: the device comprises a vertical rod, a top mounting frame, a force-sensitive sensor module, a measuring ring module, a digital voltmeter, a water bath tank base, a spring module and a base leveling module; the upright stanchion is used for supporting the top mounting frame, and the force-sensitive sensor module comprises a force-sensitive sensor, a metal shell and a top force-sensitive sensor sliding and positioning device; the force-sensitive sensor sliding and positioning device is fixed below the top mounting frame and comprises a positioning clamping groove, a top fixed pulley and a top pulley control button;
the measuring ring module comprises a triangular bracket, an adjusting knob, a level gauge, a circular tray and a measuring ring; the adjusting knob is fixed on the triangular support, is connected with a rope at the stress end of the force-sensitive sensor through a rigid rope, and is connected with the round tray through a flexible rope; the level meter is fixed in the center of the circular tray, is connected with the measuring ring through a rigid rope and is used for adjusting the level of the measuring ring;
the top fixed pulley pulls one end of a rope hung on the force-sensitive sensor, so that the measuring ring moves up and down; one side of the positioning clamping groove, which is far away from the vertical rod, is magnetic and is used for fixing the force-sensitive sensor, so that the measuring circular rings fall into the centers of the three beakers respectively;
the water bath box is placed on a water bath box base, and a positioning frame is drawn on the water bath box base to ensure that the measuring ring accurately falls into liquid to be measured; the outer side of the water bath box is provided with a temperature display screen, a heating switch and a water pump switch, and the interior of the water bath box is provided with a temperature measuring instrument, a heating rod, a water pump, a storage plate and a storage groove; the object placing plate is arranged at the bottom of the water bath box, three hollow object placing grooves are formed in the object placing plate, and the beakers are respectively placed in the object placing grooves during an experiment;
the spring module consists of 4 groups of identical springs, a telescopic metal shell is arranged outside each spring, and the telescopic action is controlled by a bottom fixed pulley;
the digital voltmeter outputs data to the computer, the voltage gradually decreases along with the rising and falling of the measuring ring, the voltage gradually increases to a peak value and then gradually decreases, and finally the turning point of the sudden decrease is the reading when the liquid film breaks.
2. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein: the heating rod is arranged on one side of the bottom of the water bath box, which is far away from the vertical rod, and the water pump is arranged on one side of the bottom of the water bath box, which is close to the vertical rod.
3. An apparatus for measuring the surface tension of a liquid according to any one of claims 1-2, wherein: the top fixed pulley is arranged on one side, far away from the vertical rod, of the lower portion of the top mounting frame, and a control line of the top fixed pulley penetrates through the mounting frame and is arranged above the top fixed pulley.
4. A device for measuring the surface tension of a liquid according to claims 1-3, characterized in that: the temperature measuring instrument is provided with four probes which are respectively arranged in the three beakers and the water bath box at the outer side, and the temperature display screen simultaneously displays the temperatures of the 4 probes.
5. An apparatus for measuring the surface tension of a liquid according to claim 1, wherein: the bottom fixed pulley comprises an elastic rope, a buckle, a rotating wheel, a rigid rope, a metal shell, a support, a base and a control switch.
6. An apparatus for measuring the surface tension of a liquid according to claim 1, wherein: the bottom leveling module consists of a bottom adjusting knob and a level gauge.
7. An apparatus for measuring the surface tension of a liquid according to claim 6, wherein: the number of the bottom adjusting knobs is 3.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202010171334.0A CN111323340A (en) | 2020-03-12 | 2020-03-12 | Device for measuring surface tension of liquid |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202010171334.0A CN111323340A (en) | 2020-03-12 | 2020-03-12 | Device for measuring surface tension of liquid |
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| CN111323340A true CN111323340A (en) | 2020-06-23 |
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| CN202010171334.0A Pending CN111323340A (en) | 2020-03-12 | 2020-03-12 | Device for measuring surface tension of liquid |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114594023A (en) * | 2022-05-10 | 2022-06-07 | 南京相科数码有限公司 | Ink detection surface tension measuring device for digital printing |
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| CN203858181U (en) * | 2014-04-14 | 2014-10-01 | 张晴 | Novel liquid surface tension coefficient tester |
| CN205749197U (en) * | 2016-05-20 | 2016-11-30 | 南昌航空大学 | A kind of liquid surface tension coefficient measures integration analyzer |
| CN109374478A (en) * | 2018-10-10 | 2019-02-22 | 太原理工大学 | The device of solid material surface energy under temperature match curing conditions is determined based on mechanical test |
| CN212459296U (en) * | 2020-07-16 | 2021-02-02 | 南京高特电子科技有限公司 | Liquid surface tension coefficient measuring device |
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2020
- 2020-03-12 CN CN202010171334.0A patent/CN111323340A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101949809A (en) * | 2010-08-09 | 2011-01-19 | 西华师范大学 | Liquid surface tension coefficient metering instrument |
| CN203658212U (en) * | 2014-01-09 | 2014-06-18 | 浙江师范大学 | Experiment device for measuring surface tension of liquid |
| CN203858181U (en) * | 2014-04-14 | 2014-10-01 | 张晴 | Novel liquid surface tension coefficient tester |
| CN103983541A (en) * | 2014-05-09 | 2014-08-13 | 黄河科技学院 | Experimental device for measuring liquid surface tension coefficients at different temperatures |
| CN205749197U (en) * | 2016-05-20 | 2016-11-30 | 南昌航空大学 | A kind of liquid surface tension coefficient measures integration analyzer |
| CN109374478A (en) * | 2018-10-10 | 2019-02-22 | 太原理工大学 | The device of solid material surface energy under temperature match curing conditions is determined based on mechanical test |
| CN212459296U (en) * | 2020-07-16 | 2021-02-02 | 南京高特电子科技有限公司 | Liquid surface tension coefficient measuring device |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN114594023A (en) * | 2022-05-10 | 2022-06-07 | 南京相科数码有限公司 | Ink detection surface tension measuring device for digital printing |
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Application publication date: 20200623 |