CN111322940A - Tunnel face deep soil horizontal displacement monitoring device and method - Google Patents
Tunnel face deep soil horizontal displacement monitoring device and method Download PDFInfo
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- CN111322940A CN111322940A CN202010277037.4A CN202010277037A CN111322940A CN 111322940 A CN111322940 A CN 111322940A CN 202010277037 A CN202010277037 A CN 202010277037A CN 111322940 A CN111322940 A CN 111322940A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
- G01B7/00—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of electric or magnetic techniques
- G01B7/02—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of electric or magnetic techniques for measuring length, width or thickness
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Abstract
The invention relates to a device and a method for monitoring horizontal displacement of a deep soil body on a tunnel face, wherein the device for monitoring horizontal displacement is assembled as follows: a displacement sensor is fixed on the inner wall of one end of each PVC pipe, the PVC pipes are connected through rubber rings, and each displacement sensor draws a steel wire and is tensioned and fixed to the tail end of the last PVC pipe; drilling each monitoring point on the tunnel face to form a plurality of monitoring holes; inserting the assembled horizontal displacement monitoring device into the monitoring hole; filling the gap between the monitoring hole and the PVC pipe; and electrifying the horizontal displacement monitoring device, and monitoring the extrusion deformation of the core soil with the tunnel face ahead in real time. The monitoring data obtained by the method can reflect the extrusion deformation of the core soil in front of the tunnel face to the maximum extent, and provide a basis for evaluating the stability of the tunnel face excavated from the full section of the tunnel.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of tunnel engineering, in particular to a device and a method for monitoring horizontal displacement of a deep soil body on a tunnel face of a tunnel.
Background
Under the influence of a tunnel construction method, the monitoring in the tunnel construction at present mainly focuses on conventional monitoring items such as ground surface settlement deformation, tunnel vault settlement, convergence deformation of peripheral caverns and the like. With the continuous upgrading of the mechanized horizontal application of tunnel construction, the construction method of the urban shallow tunnel is changed from a step method to a full-section method, and core soil is dug.
The research shows that: the disturbance of tunnel excavation to surrounding rock is three-dimensional, and apart from having an influence to face radial surrounding rock, the surrounding rock in tunnel axial face the place ahead also can produce great influence, and the convergence deformation of tunnel region at least 30% is produced before the face arrives, and the surrounding rock in face the place ahead can be out of shape at first, and then the convergence of hole wall can take place, therefore the deformation of leading core soil body is the true reason that causes tunnel deformation. When the step method is adopted for excavation, the horizontal displacement of the soil body of the tunnel face is limited due to the existence of the core soil of the tunnel face, so that the deformation monitoring of the radial surrounding rock of the tunnel is only focused in the past. After the full-section excavation is adopted, core soil is not left, and the stability of the soil mass on the tunnel face is the premise of ensuring the tunnel construction safety and preventing collapse, so that a device and a method for monitoring the horizontal displacement of the soil mass on the deep part of the tunnel face are urgently needed, so that the real-time monitoring of the horizontal displacement of the core soil mass in front of the tunnel full-section excavation face of the tunnel is realized, and the deformation rule is mastered.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the technical problems in the prior art and provides a device and a method for monitoring horizontal displacement of a deep soil body on a tunnel face, which can enable a primary support to be quickly sealed into a ring to form a bearing structure, effectively control radial deformation of surrounding rocks behind the tunnel face, control surface subsidence and ensure tunnel construction safety.
The purpose of the invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
the invention provides a tunnel face deep soil body horizontal displacement monitoring device, which comprises:
the device comprises a PVC pipe, a displacement sensor, a rubber leather ring, a steel wire and a steel wire fixer;
a displacement sensor is fixed on the inner wall of one end of each PVC pipe, the PVC pipes are connected through rubber rings, each displacement sensor draws a steel wire, and the displacement sensor is fixedly pulled to the tail end of the last PVC pipe through a steel wire fixer.
More preferably, the length of the horizontal displacement monitoring device is 1.5-2 times of the equivalent excavation diameter of the tunnel face.
More preferably, the length of each PVC pipe is selected according to the accuracy of the monitoring.
More preferably, the displacement sensor comprises a single point vibrating wire displacement sensor.
The invention also provides a method for monitoring the horizontal displacement of the deep soil body on the tunnel face of the tunnel, which comprises the following steps:
step S101, determining the length of a horizontal displacement monitoring device according to the equivalent excavation diameter of the tunnel face, and determining the length of each PVC pipe according to the monitoring precision;
step S102, assembling the horizontal displacement monitoring device: a displacement sensor is fixed on the inner wall of one end of each PVC pipe, the PVC pipes are connected through rubber rings, each displacement sensor draws a steel wire, and the displacement sensor is fixedly pulled to the tail end of the last PVC pipe through a steel wire fixer;
step S103, laying tunnel face monitoring points, and then drilling holes in the monitoring points along the tunnel excavation direction by using a drilling machine to form a plurality of monitoring holes;
step S104, inserting the assembled horizontal displacement monitoring device into a monitoring hole, inserting one end of the PVC pipe converged by the steel wire into the deepest part of the monitoring hole, and assuming one end of the PVC pipe converged by the steel wire as a horizontal displacement immobile point;
s105, filling water injection slurry to fill the gap between the monitoring hole and the PVC pipe, so that the PVC pipe is tightly and firmly bonded with the soil body on the tunnel face;
and S106, electrifying the horizontal displacement monitoring device, monitoring the extrusion deformation of the core soil ahead of the tunnel face in real time, transmitting all monitoring data to a monitoring platform through electric signals, and automatically calculating to obtain the horizontal displacement of the soil body at each measuring point position of each monitoring hole of the tunnel face.
The technical scheme of the invention can show that the invention has the following technical effects:
the horizontal displacement monitoring device is suitable for monitoring the horizontal displacement of the core soil in front of the tunnel face in tunnel engineering, is simple and convenient to operate, is reliable in method, can reflect the extrusion deformation of the core soil in front of the tunnel face to the greatest extent through the monitoring data obtained by the method, and provides a basis for evaluating the stability of the tunnel face of the full-section tunnel excavation.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a horizontal displacement monitoring device of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is an effect diagram of the horizontal displacement monitoring device of the present invention installed in the deep soil of the tunnel face;
fig. 3 is a flow chart of an implementation of the horizontal displacement monitoring method of the present invention.
In the drawings:
the device comprises a PVC pipe 11, a displacement sensor 12, a rubber leather ring 13, a steel wire 14 and a steel wire fixer 15; a horizontal displacement monitoring device 1; tunnel face 2.
Detailed Description
In order to make those skilled in the art better understand the technical solutions of the present application, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
The terms of orientation such as up, down, left, right, front, and rear in the present specification are established based on the positional relationship shown in the drawings. The corresponding positional relationship may also vary depending on the drawings, and therefore, should not be construed as limiting the scope of protection.
In the present invention, the terms "mounting," "connecting," "fixing," and the like are to be understood in a broad sense, and may be, for example, a fixed connection, a detachable connection, an integrated connection, a mechanical connection, an electrical connection, an intercommunication, a direct connection, an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, a communication inside two components, or an interaction relationship between two components. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by those skilled in the art according to specific situations.
The invention provides a tunnel face deep soil body horizontal displacement monitoring device, which is structurally shown in figure 1 and comprises a plurality of PVC pipes 11, a displacement sensor 12, a rubber ring 13, a steel wire 14 and a steel wire fixer 15.
A displacement sensor 12 is fixed on the inner wall of one end of each PVC pipe 11 and can be bonded by glue or fixed by screws; a plurality of PVC pipes are connected through rubber rings 13, each displacement sensor 12 draws a steel wire 14 and is tensioned and fixed to the tail end of the last PVC pipe 11 through a steel wire fixer 15; the steel wire fixer 15 is an aluminum cover with a plurality of round holes, so that a plurality of steel wires 14 can conveniently pass through the aluminum cover, the steel wires are fixed and sealed by spot welding after being tensioned, and the steel wire fixer 15 and the tail end of the PVC pipe 11 are fixed by screws.
Each displacement sensor 12 is additionally bound with a signal transmitter, electric signals are transmitted in a wireless transmission mode, and all signals are received by an extra-cavity data acquisition device.
The length of the horizontal displacement monitoring device is 1.5-2 times of the equivalent excavation diameter of the tunnel face. The length and the number of each PVC pipe 11 can be selected according to the monitoring precision, the monitoring precision (within a fixed monitoring length, the more measuring points are, the more the acquired data is, the higher the horizontal displacement monitoring accuracy of the section of soil body is) is, the shorter each PVC pipe is, the number of PVC pipes in the monitoring length can be increased, which is equivalent to increasing the number of measuring points, and the monitoring precision is improved.
The displacement sensor 12 may be a single-point vibrating wire displacement sensor.
The installation condition of the horizontal displacement monitoring device is as follows:
when the horizontal displacement monitoring device is used, firstly, the horizontal displacement monitoring device 1 is assembled on a construction site according to a figure 1; the length of the horizontal displacement monitoring device 1 is 1.5-2 times of the equivalent excavation diameter of the tunnel face;
then, as shown in fig. 2, monitoring points are distributed on the tunnel face 2 of the tunnel, and a drilling machine is used for drilling holes at each monitoring point along the tunnel excavation direction to form a plurality of monitoring holes; the length of the monitoring hole should be greater than the length of the horizontal displacement monitoring device 1.
Next, the assembled horizontal displacement monitoring device 1 is inserted into the monitoring hole, and when inserted, one end of the PVC pipe into which the thin steel wire wires are gathered is inserted into the deepest part of the monitoring hole and assumed as a horizontal displacement immobile point.
And then, filling cement slurry into the gap between the monitoring hole and the PVC pipe 11 of the horizontal displacement monitoring device 1, and sealing the tail end of the PVC pipe so that the PVC pipe 11 is tightly and firmly bonded with the soil body of the tunnel face 2.
And finally, electrifying the horizontal displacement monitoring device 1, utilizing the horizontal displacement monitoring device 1 to monitor the extrusion deformation of the core soil with the front tunnel face in real time, transmitting all monitoring data to a monitoring platform through electric signals, and automatically calculating to obtain the horizontal displacement of the soil body at each monitoring point position in each monitoring hole of the tunnel face.
The invention also provides a method for monitoring the horizontal displacement of the deep soil body on the tunnel face, the specific implementation flow of which is shown in figure 3, and the method comprises the following steps:
step S101, determining the length of a horizontal displacement monitoring device according to the equivalent excavation diameter of the tunnel face, wherein the length of the horizontal displacement monitoring device is 1.5-2 times of the equivalent excavation diameter of the tunnel face; and determines the length of each PVC pipe 11 according to the monitoring accuracy. The higher the monitoring accuracy, the shorter the length of each PVC pipe 11.
And S102, assembling the horizontal displacement monitoring device outside the tunnel construction hole. A displacement sensor 12 is fixed on the inner wall of one end of each PVC pipe 11, a plurality of such PVC pipes are connected by rubber rings 13, and each displacement sensor 12 draws out a steel wire 14 and is fastened to the end of the last PVC pipe 11 by a steel wire fastener 15.
And S103, laying tunnel face monitoring points, and drilling the monitoring points along the tunnel excavation direction by using a drilling machine to form a plurality of monitoring holes. The length of the monitoring hole is larger than that of the horizontal displacement monitoring device.
And step S104, inserting the assembled horizontal displacement monitoring device into a monitoring hole, inserting one end of the PVC pipe 11 converged by the steel wire into the deepest part of the monitoring hole, and assuming one end of the PVC pipe 11 converged by the steel wire as a horizontal displacement fixed point.
And step S105, filling the gap between the monitoring hole and the PVC pipe 11 with cement paste, so that the PVC pipe 11 and the soil body on the tunnel face are tightly and firmly bonded together.
And S106, electrifying the horizontal displacement monitoring device, monitoring the extrusion deformation of the core soil ahead of the tunnel face in real time, transmitting all monitoring data to a monitoring platform through electric signals, and automatically calculating to obtain the horizontal displacement of the soil body at each measuring point position in each monitoring hole of the tunnel face.
Defining the measuring points from the palm to the deep part of the soil body as 1, 2, 3, 4, n, defining the displacement transmitted by the displacement sensor of each measuring point as C1, C2 and C3, Cn, defining the horizontal displacement of the monitoring soil body of each measuring point as S1, S2 and S3, and then:
S1＝C1-C2，S2＝C2-C3，Sn-1＝Cn-1-Cn，Sn＝Cn)。
the horizontal displacement monitoring device is suitable for monitoring the horizontal displacement of the core soil in front of the tunnel face of tunnel engineering, and is simple and convenient to operate; the monitoring method is reliable, the monitoring data can reflect the extrusion deformation of the core soil in front of the tunnel face to the maximum extent, and a basis is provided for evaluating the stability of the tunnel face excavated from the full section of the tunnel.
Although the present invention has been described in terms of the preferred embodiment, it is not intended that the invention be limited to the embodiment. Any equivalent changes or modifications made without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention also belong to the protection scope of the present invention. The scope of the invention should therefore be determined with reference to the appended claims.
Claims (5)
1. The utility model provides a tunnel face deep soil body horizontal displacement monitoring devices which characterized in that, horizontal displacement monitoring devices include:
the device comprises a PVC pipe (11), a displacement sensor (12), a rubber leather ring (13), a steel wire (14) and a steel wire fixer (15);
a displacement sensor (12) is fixed on the inner wall of one end of each PVC pipe (11), the PVC pipes are connected through rubber leather rings (13), each displacement sensor (12) draws a steel wire (14) and is tensioned and fixed to the tail end of the last PVC pipe (11) through a steel wire fixer (15).
2. The device for monitoring the horizontal displacement of the soil body at the deep part of the tunnel face of the tunnel according to claim 1,
the length of the horizontal displacement monitoring device is 1.5-2 times of the equivalent excavation diameter of the tunnel face.
3. The device for monitoring the horizontal displacement of the soil body at the deep part of the tunnel face of the tunnel according to claim 1,
the length and number of each PVC pipe (11) is selected according to the monitoring accuracy.
4. The device for monitoring the horizontal displacement of the soil body at the deep part of the tunnel face of the tunnel according to claim 1,
the displacement sensor (12) comprises a single-point vibrating wire type displacement sensor.
5. A method for monitoring horizontal displacement of deep soil body on a tunnel face is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s101, determining the length of a horizontal displacement monitoring device according to the equivalent excavation diameter of the tunnel face, and determining the length of each PVC pipe (11) according to the monitoring precision;
step S102, assembling the horizontal displacement monitoring device: a displacement sensor (12) is fixed on the inner wall of one end of each PVC pipe (11), the PVC pipes are connected through a rubber leather ring (13), each displacement sensor (12) draws a steel wire (14) and is tensioned and fixed to the tail end of the last PVC pipe (11) through a steel wire fixer (15);
step S103, laying tunnel face monitoring points, and then drilling holes in the monitoring points along the tunnel excavation direction by using a drilling machine to form a plurality of monitoring holes;
step S104, inserting the assembled horizontal displacement monitoring device into a monitoring hole, inserting one end of the PVC pipe (11) converged by the steel wire into the deepest part of the monitoring hole, and assuming one end of the PVC pipe (11) converged by the steel wire as a horizontal displacement immobile point;
s105, filling the gap between the monitoring hole and the PVC pipe (11) with cement paste to tightly and firmly bond the PVC pipe (11) and the soil body on the tunnel face;
and S106, finally, electrifying the horizontal displacement monitoring device, monitoring the extrusion deformation of the core soil ahead of the tunnel face in real time, transmitting all monitoring data to a monitoring platform through electric signals, and automatically calculating to obtain the horizontal displacement of the soil body at each measuring point position of each monitoring hole of the tunnel face.
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| CN202010277037.4A CN111322940A (en) | 2020-04-08 | 2020-04-08 | Tunnel face deep soil horizontal displacement monitoring device and method |
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| CN202010277037.4A CN111322940A (en) | 2020-04-08 | 2020-04-08 | Tunnel face deep soil horizontal displacement monitoring device and method |
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| CN115370417A (en) * | 2022-07-22 | 2022-11-22 | 北京交通大学 | Tunnel face extrusion deformation testing method and device |
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