CN111322521B - Hydrogen accumulation control-based hydrogen-containing natural gas pipeline safety guarantee system and method - Google Patents
Hydrogen accumulation control-based hydrogen-containing natural gas pipeline safety guarantee system and method Download PDFInfo
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- CN111322521B CN111322521B CN202010096000.1A CN202010096000A CN111322521B CN 111322521 B CN111322521 B CN 111322521B CN 202010096000 A CN202010096000 A CN 202010096000A CN 111322521 B CN111322521 B CN 111322521B
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17D—PIPE-LINE SYSTEMS; PIPE-LINES
- F17D1/00—Pipe-line systems
- F17D1/02—Pipe-line systems for gases or vapours
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17D—PIPE-LINE SYSTEMS; PIPE-LINES
- F17D3/00—Arrangements for supervising or controlling working operations
- F17D3/01—Arrangements for supervising or controlling working operations for controlling, signalling, or supervising the conveyance of a product
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17D—PIPE-LINE SYSTEMS; PIPE-LINES
- F17D5/00—Protection or supervision of installations
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/34—Hydrogen distribution
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P90/00—Enabling technologies with a potential contribution to greenhouse gas [GHG] emissions mitigation
- Y02P90/45—Hydrogen technologies in production processes
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Abstract
The invention discloses a hydrogen accumulation control-based hydrogen-containing natural gas pipeline safety guarantee system and a method. On the basis of determining the hydrogen damage resistance (the lowest hydrogen damage partial pressure of a material) and the safety value of the hydrogen aggregation partial pressure of the pipeline, flow field analysis software is utilized to simulate the influence rule of medium pressure and outage time of a typical long and straight pipeline on the hydrogen aggregation concentration of a system after outage, a safe outage time standard with the local hydrogen partial pressure reaching the safety value of the hydrogen aggregation partial pressure as a limit is formulated, an on-way monitoring system is further installed by utilizing a valve chamber system configured for the pipeline, the hydrogen aggregation concentration of multiple points is measured in real time, the hydrogen aggregation partial pressure is calculated, the pipeline is controlled to intermittently discharge after index overrun from the angles of the outage time and the real-time concentration measurement, and the pipeline outage safety and the reduction of continuous discharge are both considered.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a hydrogen accumulation control-based hydrogen-containing natural gas pipeline safety guarantee system and a hydrogen accumulation control-based hydrogen accumulation natural gas pipeline safety guarantee method.
Background
Hydrogen is one of the important development directions of new energy, compared with the traditional fossil fuel, the hydrogen has the remarkable advantages of high heat value, no environmental pollution of products, wide sources and reproducibility, is called as future clean energy, and becomes a new way for solving increasingly severe energy and environmental problems in the future for human beings. In view of the characteristics of energy distribution in China, resources such as natural gas, wind power, water power and the like in western regions are relatively rich, and with the improvement of energy utilization efficiency, the technology of hydrogen, wind power or water power for electrolyzing water to prepare hydrogen by cracking of auxiliary products of natural gas is increasingly mature and has market demands. The produced hydrogen is added into the built natural gas pipeline for long-distance transmission, has the advantages of remotely scheduling hydrogen resources or directly improving the cleanness of the natural gas, and is a relatively efficient hydrogen utilization means. Such pipelines are called hydrogen-containing natural gas pipelines, and the hydrogen mixing concentration of the pipelines is generally lower than 10% (volume fraction), and most of the pipelines need to be rechecked and meet the material requirements of the established natural gas pipelines.
When hydrogen is conveyed in a steel pipeline at high pressure, hydrogen damage is a key control problem of pipeline safety guarantee. After comprehensive comparison and selection analysis such as hydrogen concentration, operation pressure, operation temperature and the like is carried out accurately, the performance of the pipeline material is determined, so that the transportation safety is guaranteed. For the hydrogen-containing natural gas pipeline, if the blending hydrogen concentration is taken as the evaluation basis of pipeline material selection, the natural gas pipeline is feasible under the flowing state of the hydrogen-mixing natural gas system. However, it should be noted that the molar mass of hydrogen is much lower than that of natural gas, and although the flow process can ensure that the system media are well mixed, when the pipeline is stopped, the hydrogen-natural gas media retained in the pipeline will have a more obvious layering phenomenon, which will result in the partial hydrogen partial pressure of the pipeline being higher than the design working condition. In particular, for an established natural gas pipeline to be blended with hydrogen for transportation (the original hydrogen concentration is less than 10%), a higher-steel-grade pipe is generally adopted, once the local hydrogen concentration caused by aggregation after the transportation is stopped is too high, the risk of hydrogen damage of the pipeline can be caused, and therefore attention should be paid to the problem of hydrogen aggregation after the transportation is stopped.
At present, as the hydrogen-containing natural gas transportation is a hot technology in the future, the related key technologies are still in the research and development and analysis stages, and the aforementioned solution technology for the hydrogen accumulation problem is not reported in public. Therefore, in order to promote the development of the hydrogen-containing natural gas pipeline transportation technology and improve the intrinsic safety of the hydrogen-containing natural gas pipeline transportation, comprehensive control and guarantee method research needs to be carried out on the safe operation problem based on hydrogen gathering by combining the operation and component distribution rule of the hydrogen-containing natural gas pipeline, and a feasible implementation scheme is provided.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the defects of the prior art, the invention provides a hydrogen-containing natural gas pipeline safety guarantee system and a method based on hydrogen accumulation control, and the system and the method determine the pressurized stopping time that the hydrogen accumulation concentration does not exceed the safety set concentration under different pressures based on the simulation prediction of the hydrogen distribution rule and the hydrogen distribution concentration in the stopping process of the pipeline; and adopting an interval type stop-delivery-relief mode, performing short-term relief after the delivery is stopped and the hydrogen concentration exceeds the corresponding delivery stop pressure safety value, keeping the medium of the pipeline system to be fully disturbed and mixed, destroying the hydrogen-natural gas layering and reducing the system pressure, and stopping the delivery again, so as to circulate, and finally achieving the effects of greatly prolonging the allowable delivery stop time, avoiding the medium from being greatly relieved and preventing the pipeline from being damaged by hydrogen.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows: the utility model provides a hydrogenous natural gas pipeline safety guarantee system based on hydrogen is gathered control, includes trunk line system, valve room system, monitoring system and control system along the way, wherein:
the trunk system comprises a trunk pipeline connecting an upstream station and a downstream station;
the valve chamber system is at least two block valve chambers arranged on a main pipeline, each valve chamber comprises a main line block valve, a main line bypass arranged on the upper and lower streams of the main line block valve and an emptying pipeline, pressure transmitters and bypass block valves are arranged on the two main line bypasses, and the emptying pipeline is provided with an emptying valve;
the on-the-way monitoring system is arranged in the valve chamber and comprises a sampling pipeline, two sampling cut-off valves arranged on the sampling pipeline and gas sampling analysis equipment arranged between the two sampling cut-off valves;
and the control system is used for interlocking the valve chamber system emptying valve switches along the line based on the comparison of the system simulation stop and delivery aggregation result and the monitoring result of the monitoring system along the way.
The invention also provides a hydrogen accumulation control-based hydrogen-containing natural gas pipeline safety guarantee method, which comprises the following steps:
determining the hydrogen damage resistance (the lowest hydrogen damage partial pressure of a material) and a hydrogen aggregation partial pressure safety value of a pipeline, simulating hydrogen aggregation to partial pressure safety values of hydrogen-natural gas systems in a long and straight pipeline with a corresponding pipe diameter under different transportation stop pressures, and acquiring a two-dimensional layout based on transportation stop pressure and safe transportation stop time;
secondly, arranging a monitoring system on each valve chamber of the whole line along the way;
step three, when the hydrogen-containing natural gas pipeline trunk line needs to be overhauled, remotely closing trunk line cut-off ball valves adjacent to the valve chambers at the upstream and downstream of the section of the trunk line; or when the main line of the hydrogen-mixed natural gas pipeline leaks, the system automatically closes the main line cut-off ball valves of adjacent valve chambers at the upstream and downstream of the main line where the leakage position is located, and simultaneously keeps the bypass cut-off valve closed;
opening two adjacent sampling block valves of an upstream valve chamber and a downstream valve chamber of the main pipeline which is blocked and stops transmission, starting a monitoring system along the way, and continuously carrying out medium sampling analysis; when the hydrogen partial pressure converted by the concentration of a certain sampling test is higher than a partial pressure safety value or the system stop time exceeds the simulated safety stop time, opening a bypass block valve close to two adjacent sampling block valves, opening emptying valves of an upper valve chamber and a lower valve chamber, simultaneously performing pressure relief on a trunk line between the upper valve chamber and the lower valve chamber from head to tail until the pressure is reduced to 95% of the original stop pressure, and closing the relief system;
fifthly, fitting the safe outage time under the working condition by using the data simulated in the first step based on the post-discharge system pressure in the fourth step;
and step six, circularly performing the step four and the step five until no risk of hydrogen accumulation and damage exists under the working condition of restarting the pipeline or stopping the pipeline.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following positive effects:
the invention innovatively provides a set of hydrogen-containing high-steel-grade natural gas pipeline safety guarantee system by combining the operation working condition of the pipeline according to the material selection characteristics of the hydrogen-containing high-steel-grade natural gas pipeline and the gathering rule after the pipeline is stopped. On the basis of determining the hydrogen damage resistance of the pipeline, flow state analysis software is used for simulating the influence rule of medium pressure and stopping time of a typical long straight pipeline on the hydrogen accumulation concentration of the system after stopping, the safe stopping time standard taking the partial hydrogen partial pressure reaching the maximum hydrogen accumulation partial pressure as the limit is formulated, and an on-way monitoring system is further installed by using a valve chamber system configured by the pipeline, so that the multi-point hydrogen accumulation concentration is measured in real time and the hydrogen accumulation partial pressure is calculated, the intermittent emission of the pipeline after index overrun is controlled from the stopping time and the real-time measurement angles, and the pipeline stopping safety and the continuous emission reduction are both considered.
The system is characterized in that:
(1) science of setup
The method focuses the medium gathering behavior of the pipeline after the pipeline is stopped and is based on the medium characteristics of the hydrogen-containing natural gas pipeline and the economic principle of high-grade steel pipeline transportation, firstly carries out the long-straight simulation analysis aiming at radial hydrogen gathering, obtains the initial flow rate, the stopping pressure and the stopping safety time layout under the same inner diameter, is provided with a line monitoring system to monitor the multi-point hydrogen gathering concentration in real time, provides support for delayed release after the pipeline is stopped and is cooperated, avoids medium release at the stopping initial moment blindly, and also ensures that the damage caused by hydrogen gathering is avoided during the pipeline stopping.
(2) Economical and energy-saving
The invention adopts a comparison judgment principle based on the hydrogen accumulation simulation time and the real-time detection result, and adopts a mode of emptying the pipeline after exceeding the limit after stopping the transportation, so that the available transportation stop time of the system can be effectively prolonged; meanwhile, the emptying time is effectively controlled by adopting the principle of layering damage caused by emptying; the circulation of judgment, emptying and stopping of transmission of the periodic system is adopted, so that the safety of the pipeline and the emptying economy are balanced to the maximum extent.
(3) Advanced in concept
At present, the hydrogen-containing natural gas pipeline transportation is still in a development stage, and only published research reports about the aggregation and control technology of hydrogen components after the pipeline is stopped transporting are reported.
Drawings
The invention will now be described, by way of example, with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which:
fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a hydrogen-containing natural gas pipeline safety guarantee system based on hydrogen accumulation control according to the invention.
Detailed Description
A hydrogen-containing natural gas pipeline safety guarantee system based on hydrogen accumulation control comprises a trunk line system, a valve chamber system, a monitoring system, a control system and the like.
The main line system comprises main line pipelines connected with all stations and is used for conveying the natural gas containing hydrogen. The valve chamber system comprises a main line block valve, a main line bypass, a bypass block valve, an emptying pipeline and a torch system, is responsible for carrying out sectional isolation when the pipeline leaks or needs to be overhauled, and discharging media in a fault pipeline section and a pipeline section needing to be overhauled, and is also responsible for carrying out periodic intermittent discharge under the instruction of a control system after the pipeline stops transportation, so that the layering and aggregation of the media (hydrogen and natural gas) in the pipeline are disturbed. The on-the-way monitoring system comprises a gas component on-line sampler and branch pipelines (sampling pipelines) which are arranged in a valve chamber along the line, and is responsible for continuously sampling and analyzing gas at the section of the pipeline at the position after the pipeline stops conveying so as to achieve the purpose of directly monitoring the concentration of hydrogen gas aggregation; and the control system is used for interlocking the valve chamber system emptying valve switches along the line based on the comparison of the system simulation stop and delivery aggregation result and the monitoring result of the monitoring system along the way.
The system controls the aggregation behavior and influence of hydrogen after the hydrogen-containing gas transmission pipeline (the high-steel-grade pipeline with the hydrogen content less than 10%) stops transmitting. Carrying out maximum hydrogen concentration-partial pressure adaptability evaluation on the selected material of the main pipeline based on the design condition, and determining a safety value of hydrogen gas aggregation partial pressure; carrying out simulation of hydrogen accumulation time-accumulation concentration after the stop of the hydrogen-natural gas system of a long and straight pipeline with a corresponding pipe diameter, and summarizing allowable stop transmission time when the partial pressure of the accumulated hydrogen at the top is smaller than a safety value (called a safety value for short) of the hydrogen accumulation partial pressure after the stop of the pipeline under different stop transmission pressures; arranging a monitoring system in each valve chamber along the way, continuously sampling and monitoring hydrogen aggregation after the main pipeline is stopped, and uploading a real-time result; the method is characterized in that electric relief valves and relief systems are arranged in all valve chambers, control is carried out through a full-line logic control system, when the system outage time exceeds the simulation safety time or the on-the-way monitoring result exceeds the safety value of hydrogen gathering partial pressure, remote relief control is carried out to destroy the hydrogen-natural gas layering and hydrogen gathering behaviors in the pipeline, the operation is stopped after the relief time is set, the pipeline medium components are uniformly distributed again, and gathering waiting and on-the-way monitoring are carried out again. Finally, the effects of reducing gas release and guaranteeing pipeline stop safety after stopping transportation are achieved, and the reliability of the system is improved.
A hydrogen-containing natural gas pipeline safety guarantee system based on hydrogen accumulation control, as shown in fig. 1, mainly includes: a trunk line 1/2/3, a trunk block valve 101/201, a bypass line 102/103/202/203, a pressure transmitter 104/105/204/205, a bypass block valve 106/107/206/207, a vent valve 108/208, a vent line 109/209, a sampling line 113/213, a sampling block valve 110/111/210/211, and a gas sampling analysis device 112/212.
The main pipeline 1, the main pipeline 2 and the main pipeline 3 constitute a main pipeline system (only a typical example), and are responsible for connecting an upstream station, an intermediate valve chamber and a downstream station and conveying hydrogen-containing natural gas. The main pipeline is connected with an upstream station and a downstream station, and a plurality of valve chamber systems and a monitoring system along the way are arranged in the middle of the main pipeline. The main pipeline is selected by taking the pipeline economy (high steel grade) into priority, and the highest hydrogen concentration-partial pressure adaptability evaluation is carried out on the selected material to determine the safety value of the hydrogen aggregation partial pressure.
Specifically, in the system, a trunk pipeline 1, a trunk pipeline 2 and a trunk pipeline 3 are equal-diameter hydrogen-containing natural gas pipeline transportation trunk lines, buried and laid, and the trunk pipeline 1 is connected with an upstream head station and comprises a plurality of trunk block valve chambers; the main pipeline 2 is the pipe section in the example, and represents the middle adjacent pipe section of the valve chamber in the actual pipeline engineering; the trunk pipe 3 is connected to a downstream end station and comprises several trunk block valve chambers.
The system comprises a main line cut-off valve 101/201, a bypass pipeline 102/103/202/203, a pressure transmitter 104/105/204/205, a bypass cut-off valve 106/107/206/207, an emptying valve 108/208, an emptying pipeline 109/209, a sampling pipeline 113/213, a sampling cut-off valve 110/111/210/211, a gas sampling analysis device 112/212 and the like, wherein the system comprises a line valve chamber system and a monitoring system along the way (which is only a typical example), and is responsible for monitoring and controlling the hydrogen concentration of the upper section of the main line pipeline after the main line pipeline is cut off, drained and stopped. Wherein:
the valve chamber system is a block valve chamber arranged on a trunk line, comprises a trunk line block valve, a trunk line bypass, a bypass block valve, an emptying pipeline, a pressure transmitter, an emptying torch and the like, and is used for carrying out sectional isolation when the trunk line pipeline leaks or needs to be overhauled and discharging media in a fault pipe section and a pipe section needing to be overhauled; meanwhile, after the pipeline stops delivering, based on the set stopping time and the feedback of the monitoring system along the line, the trunk line intermittent discharge is cooperatively carried out after the judgment and the indication of the control system. The trunk line block valve is arranged in the trunk line valve chamber and is connected with the upstream trunk line and the downstream trunk line; the main line bypass is a bypass pipeline arranged on the upstream side and the downstream side of the main line block valve and used for balancing upstream and downstream pressure when the upstream or downstream pipeline of the block valve is selectively emptied and the pipeline is restarted; the bypass block valve is arranged on a main line bypass, the typical number of the bypass block valves is 2, and the bypass block valves are respectively close to an upstream main line and a downstream main line; the pressure transmitter is arranged on a main line bypass pipeline between the bypass block valve and a main line and is responsible for detecting the pressure of the main line; the emptying pipeline is connected with the main line bypass and is led to the emptying torch, so that the effect of safely discharging the natural gas containing hydrogen is achieved.
The on-the-way monitoring system is arranged in the valve chamber and comprises a sampling pipeline, a cut-off valve and a hydrogen sampling analyzer, and is responsible for continuously sampling and analyzing gas on the section of the pipeline at the position after the pipeline stops conveying, so that the purpose of directly monitoring the concentration of hydrogen gas is achieved. The sampling pipeline is connected out from the upper opening of the main line in the valve chamber and is used for collecting and outputting a gas sample at the top of the main line after the pipeline is stopped; 2 block valves are arranged on the sampling pipeline, and are opened after the pipeline is stopped and gas detection is needed, so that gas at the tops of the upstream pipeline and the downstream pipeline of the valve chamber is respectively extracted; the hydrogen sampling analyzer is used for continuously sampling and testing the hydrogen concentration in the analysis sample, and the test result is uploaded to the control system in real time.
Specifically, in the illustrated system, the main line block valve 101 is an electrically controlled ball valve, and is responsible for the opening/block control of the main line pipe; the trunk line block valve 101 is connected with the tail end of the trunk line pipeline 1; the main line bypass 102 is led out from the top of the upstream pipeline of the main line block valve 101, is made of the same material as the main line pipeline, is responsible for main line discharge, and is convenient for sampling and testing on the upper section of the main line pipeline; the main line bypass 103 is led out from the top of the downstream pipeline of the main line block valve 101, is made of the same material as the main line pipeline, is responsible for main line discharge and is convenient for sampling and testing on the upper section of the main line pipeline; the pressure transmitters 104/105 are respectively arranged at the upstream of the bypass block valve 106/107 and are responsible for monitoring the main line pressure; the bypass cut-off valve 106/107 is a ball valve, is remotely electrically controlled and is responsible for controlling the emptying of the upstream pipeline and the downstream pipeline of the main valve 101; the emptying valve 108 is a regulating valve and is controlled by remote electric control to control the discharge rate; the vent lines 109 are laid in-ground and the venting media is introduced into the remote flare system for safe disposal. The sampling pipeline 113 is connected with the bypass pipelines 102 and 103 and is responsible for providing a sampling medium detection channel; the sampling block valve 110/111 is a ball valve, is electrically controlled, and respectively controls the sampling of the top media of the main pipeline at the upstream and the downstream of the main block valve 101; the gas sampling and analyzing device 112 is a hydrogen on-line chromatographic detector and a matching system, and is responsible for detecting the hydrogen concentration of the sampled gas and uploading the detection result to the central control system.
Specifically, in the system shown, the 201 valve chamber is configured to correspond exactly to the 101 valve chamber.
Specifically, a full-line safety logic control system is arranged in the system, after the pipeline is stopped, the hydrogen concentration is obtained from each online sampling device and is compared with a safety value, and a relief instruction is sent to each valve chamber system in the system after the hydrogen concentration exceeds the safety value. The control system provides action instructions for a trunk line cut-off valve switch, a trunk line relief valve switch after the cut-off of the pipeline in operation and the like by collecting pipeline operation parameters, detecting parameters of a monitoring system along the way and comparing output parameters of the hydrogen aggregation simulation system.
The working principle of the invention is as follows:
the hydrogen-containing natural gas is normally transported from upstream to downstream through the present system trunk line 1/2/3. Because the material of the hydrogen-containing natural gas pipeline is sensitive to the hydrogen concentration and the hydrogen partial pressure in the medium, the local hydrogen partial pressure of the pipeline section caused by the layering and aggregation of the hydrogen and the natural gas after the pipeline is stopped is not more than the safety value of the hydrogen aggregation partial pressure of the selected pipe. When the main line is stopped and the main line upstream of the 101 cut-off valve needs to be repaired, the main line cut-off valve 101 is closed, and in this example, high-pressure hydrogen-containing natural gas is stopped and transmitted in the main line 2 and the main line 3 downstream of the 101 cut-off valve. Under the stop pressure, obtaining the allowable safe stop time simulated by the system; meanwhile, the upper section media at the starting point and the end point of the trunk line 2 are respectively subjected to continuous hydrogen concentration monitoring through sampling cut-off valves 111 and 210, and are converted into real-time hydrogen partial pressure through parameters of pressure transmitters 105 and 204, and the real-time hydrogen partial pressure is compared with safe hydrogen partial pressure; the allowable safe outage time and the safe hydrogen partial pressure of the system simulation are analyzed and compared, when any condition exceeds, the trunk line 2 is indicated to have a large hydrogen damage risk, trunk line medium is immediately discharged through the bypass pipelines 103 and 202, the trunk line pressure is reduced, the pressure reduction amplitude is 5%, meanwhile, the forced flowing mixing of the medium in the trunk line 2 is caused by the head and tail discharge, and the layering is broken. And after the pressure is reduced to the preset pressure, obtaining the allowable stop time under the new pressure, and continuously detecting the hydrogen concentration until the next discharge or the pipeline is operated again.
The invention also discloses a hydrogen accumulation control-based hydrogen-containing natural gas pipeline safety guarantee method, which comprises the following main contents:
the method comprises the following steps: based on design conditions (components, pressure, temperature and hydrogen mixing concentration) and the performance of the selected material of the trunk pipeline, carrying out adaptability evaluation on the highest hydrogen partial pressure of the pipeline material, and determining a hydrogen aggregation partial pressure safety value (determining a partial pressure safety value according to 80% of the lowest hydrogen damage partial pressure of the material); simulating hydrogen gathering to partial pressure safety values of hydrogen-natural gas systems in the long straight pipeline with the corresponding pipe diameter under different stop pressures to obtain a two-dimensional layout based on the stop pressure and the allowable stop time;
step two: a monitoring system is provided along the way in each valve chamber 101/201 and the like all over the line.
Step three: when the hydrogen-containing natural gas pipeline trunk line 1 needs to be repaired, the trunk line cut-off ball valves adjacent to the valve chambers at the upstream and downstream of the section of the trunk line are remotely closed; or when the mixed hydrogen natural gas pipeline main line 1 leaks, the system automatically closes the main line cut-off ball valves of the adjacent valve chambers at the upstream and the downstream of the main line where the leakage position is located, and meanwhile, the bypass cut-off valve is kept closed.
Step four: for the main pipeline 2 which is cut off and stops conveying (because the main pipeline 3 is provided with a plurality of cut-off valve chambers, the protection of the main pipeline 3 is not described in the embodiment, the protection principle and the protection method are the same as those of the main pipeline 2), the sampling cut-off valves 111 and 210 are opened, the monitoring system along the way is started, and the medium sampling analysis is continuously carried out. When the hydrogen partial pressure converted by the concentration of a certain sampling test is higher than the partial pressure safety value determined in the step one or the system outage time exceeds the safety outage time simulated in the step one, opening bypass block valves 107 and 206 of the valve chamber system, opening vent valves 108 and 208, simultaneously performing pressure relief on the head and the tail of the trunk line 2, and reducing the pressure to 95% of the original outage pressure; the bleed system is then closed.
Step five: and fitting the safe outage time under the working condition by using the data simulated in the step one based on the post-discharge system pressure in the step four.
Step six: and circularly performing the fourth step and the fifth step until no risk of hydrogen accumulation and damage exists under the working condition of restarting the pipeline or stopping the pipeline.
Claims (5)
1. The utility model provides a hydrogenous natural gas pipeline safety guarantee system based on control is gathered to hydrogen which characterized in that: including trunk system, valve room system, monitoring system and control system along the way, wherein:
the trunk system comprises a trunk pipeline connecting an upstream station and a downstream station; the main pipeline is an equal-diameter hydrogen-containing natural gas pipeline transportation main line, is buried underground and laid, one end of the main pipeline is connected with an upstream head station, the other end of the main pipeline is connected with a downstream end station, and at least two block valve chambers are arranged on the main pipeline;
the valve chamber system is at least two block valve chambers arranged on a main pipeline, each valve chamber comprises a main line block valve, a main line bypass arranged on the upper and lower streams of the main line block valve and an emptying pipeline, pressure transmitters and bypass block valves are arranged on the two main line bypasses, and the emptying pipeline is provided with an emptying valve; the main line block valve is an electric control ball valve; the two main line bypasses are respectively led out from the tops of the upstream pipeline and the downstream pipeline of the main line block valve, and the materials of the two main line bypasses are consistent with those of the main line pipeline; the bypass block valve is a remote electric control ball valve; the emptying valve is a remote electric control adjusting valve, and an emptying pipeline is buried and laid and is used for introducing emptying media into a remote emptying torch;
the on-the-way monitoring system is arranged in the valve chamber and comprises a sampling pipeline, two sampling cut-off valves arranged on the sampling pipeline and gas sampling analysis equipment arranged between the two sampling cut-off valves;
the control system is a control system for interlocking the valve chamber system emptying valve switch along the line based on the comparison of hydrogen partial pressure and partial pressure safety value or the comparison of the stop time and the safety stop time.
2. The hydrogen-accumulation-control-based hydrogen-containing natural gas pipeline safety guarantee system according to claim 1, characterized in that: the sampling pipeline is connected with two main line bypasses at the upper and lower streams of the valve chamber, the sampling block valve is an electric control ball valve, and the gas sampling analysis equipment is a hydrogen on-line chromatographic detector and a matching system.
3. A method for utilizing the hydrogen accumulation control-based hydrogen-containing natural gas pipeline safety assurance system of claim 1, characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps:
determining the minimum hydrogen damage partial pressure and hydrogen aggregation partial pressure safety value of a pipeline material, carrying out simulation of the time required by hydrogen aggregation of hydrogen-natural gas systems in a long and straight pipeline with corresponding pipe diameter to the partial pressure safety value under different transportation stop pressures, and acquiring a two-dimensional layout based on the transportation stop pressure and the safe transportation stop time;
secondly, arranging a monitoring system on each valve chamber of the whole line along the way;
step three, when the hydrogen-containing natural gas pipeline trunk line needs to be overhauled, remotely closing trunk line block valves of adjacent valve chambers at the upstream and downstream of the section of the trunk line; or when the main line of the hydrogen-mixed natural gas pipeline leaks, the system automatically closes the main line block valves of adjacent valve chambers at the upstream and downstream of the main line where the leakage position is located, and meanwhile, the bypass block valves are kept closed;
opening two adjacent sampling block valves of an upstream valve chamber and a downstream valve chamber of the main pipeline which is blocked and stops transmission, starting a monitoring system along the way, and continuously carrying out medium sampling analysis; when the hydrogen partial pressure converted by the concentration of a certain sampling test is higher than a partial pressure safety value or the system stop time exceeds the simulated safety stop time, opening a bypass block valve close to two adjacent sampling block valves, opening emptying valves of an upper valve chamber and a lower valve chamber, simultaneously performing pressure relief on a trunk line between the upper valve chamber and the lower valve chamber from head to tail until the pressure is reduced to 95% of the original stop pressure, and closing the relief system;
fifthly, fitting the safe outage time under the working condition by using the data simulated in the first step based on the post-discharge system pressure in the fourth step;
and step six, circularly performing the step four and the step five until no risk of hydrogen accumulation and damage exists under the working condition of restarting the pipeline or stopping the pipeline.
4. The method of hydrogen accumulation control based hydrogen-containing natural gas pipeline safety assurance system according to claim 3, characterized in that: step one, the method for determining the safe value of the hydrogen partial pressure comprises the following steps: and (3) based on design conditions and the performance of the selected material of the main pipeline, performing adaptability evaluation on the highest hydrogen partial pressure of the pipeline material, determining the lowest hydrogen damage partial pressure of the material, and determining a partial pressure safety value according to 80% of the lowest hydrogen damage partial pressure of the material.
5. The method of hydrogen accumulation control based hydrogen-containing natural gas pipeline safety assurance system according to claim 4, wherein: the design conditions include composition, pressure, temperature, hydrogen blending concentration.
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| CN112610892B (en) * | 2020-12-22 | 2022-05-17 | 中国石油天然气集团有限公司 | High-hydrogen-content natural gas pipeline station safety discharge system and method |
| EP4151900A1 (en) * | 2021-09-17 | 2023-03-22 | TÜV Rheinland Industrie Service GmbH | Method for operating a natural gas pipeline for transporting and distributing hydrogen |
| CN113983358B (en) * | 2021-11-02 | 2024-09-03 | 中国石油工程建设有限公司华北分公司 | Device system and method for guaranteeing transportation stopping safety of hydrogen-containing natural gas pipeline |
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