CN111321635A

CN111321635A - Method for adjusting height of ballastless track

Info

Publication number: CN111321635A
Application number: CN201811531592.4A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 张千里; 叶阳升; 蔡德钩; 陈锋; 王鹏程; 李中国; 曾帅; 尧俊凯; 崔颖辉; 张新冈
Original assignee: China Academy of Railway Sciences Corp Ltd CARS; Railway Engineering Research Institute of CARS; China State Railway Group Co Ltd
Current assignee: China Academy of Railway Sciences Corp Ltd CARS; Railway Engineering Research Institute of CARS; China State Railway Group Co Ltd
Priority date: 2018-12-14
Filing date: 2018-12-14
Publication date: 2020-06-23

Abstract

The invention provides a method for adjusting the elevation of a ballastless track, wherein the ballastless track structure at least comprises a track, a sleeper, a track plate and a supporting layer which are arranged from top to bottom, and the method is characterized by comprising the following steps: determining the track falling amount; cutting a cutting layer from the support layer and removing the cutting layer to form a cutting slit on the support layer, wherein the thickness of the cutting layer is designed to be greater than the amount of the falling path, and the upper surface and the lower surface of the cutting layer are designed to be parallel to the surface of the track plate facing the support layer; providing an elevation control cushion block in the cutting seam, wherein the thickness of the elevation control cushion block is the difference value between the thickness of the cutting layer and the track falling amount; enabling a ballastless track structure above the cutting joint to slowly fall on the height control cushion block; grouting into the cutting seam. The method realizes low cost, high efficiency and small influence on the travelling crane to adjust the track elevation.

Description

Method for adjusting height of ballastless track

Technical Field

The invention relates to a method for adjusting the elevation of a track, in particular to a method for adjusting the elevation of a ballastless track.

Background

While the high-speed railway in China is rapidly developed, the problem of the diseases of the high-speed railway is increasingly shown under the influence of factors such as landform, environmental conditions, design and construction, maintenance and the like, the diseases of the high-speed railway are raised continuously on some high-speed railway lines adopting ballastless tracks, speed-limiting measures have to be taken to ensure the operation safety, and the normal operation of the high-speed railway lines in China is seriously influenced.

In the prior art, when the rail is found to have an upwarp defect, the adjustment is mainly carried out by adjusting the fastener backing plate, but the method is applicable to a small adjustment amount, and is generally only applicable to adjustment within a range of less than about 30 mm. When the degree of upwarp is large, the repair is mainly carried out by adopting a mode of speed-limited operation or dismantling and rebuilding at present. The method wastes a large amount of manpower and material resources, has low efficiency and has great influence on normal driving. Therefore, a method which is simple and efficient and can treat the upwarp disease with a large degree in the skylight operation time is urgently needed.

Disclosure of Invention

In order to overcome the defects, the invention provides a method for adjusting the height of a ballastless track. According to the method, the supporting layer is cut, and the height of the track is adjusted by adopting a method of accurately controlling the track falling amount through the height control cushion block, so that the height of the track is adjusted with low cost, high efficiency and small influence on travelling crane.

The invention provides a method for adjusting the elevation of a ballastless track, wherein the ballastless track structure comprises a track, a fastener, a sleeper, a track plate and a supporting layer which are paved from top to bottom, and the method comprises the following steps: a, measuring the track elevation of a track section to be adjusted, and determining the track falling amount; a step B of cutting a cutting layer from the support layer and removing the cutting layer to form a cutting slit on the support layer, wherein the cutting layer has a thickness designed to be greater than a track drop amount, and upper and lower surfaces of the cutting layer are designed to be parallel to a surface of the track plate facing the support layer; step C, providing a height control cushion block in the cutting seam, wherein the thickness of the height control cushion block is the difference value between the thickness of the cutting layer and the track falling amount; d, enabling the ballastless track structure above the cutting joint to slowly fall on the height control cushion block; and E, repairing the cutting layer. The steps realize the accurate reduction of the track elevation, and have low cost and convenient implementation.

Preferably, in step B, the cut layer is cut and removed at intervals in the track-extending direction on the support layer; providing a support within the dicing lane formed by step B prior to performing step C, wherein the support has a thickness equal to the thickness of the dicing layer; removing the support before performing step D. By using the supporting piece, the adjustment of the track elevation is realized under the condition that the normal running of the train is not influenced.

Preferably, the support is disposed at least below each of the sleepers within the cut seam.

Preferably, the support is formed using prefabricated blocks and/or by injecting a quick setting grout into the bag until the bag conforms to the top and bottom surfaces of the cut seam.

Preferably, support devices are arranged on two transverse sides of the cutting seam, after the step C is executed, the support devices are adopted to jack up the ballastless track structure above the cutting seam, the support members are taken out to clean the cutting seam, and then the support devices lower the ballastless track structure above the cutting seam until the ballastless track structure is abutted to the height control cushion block.

Preferably, grouting materials are injected into the cutting joints from two transverse sides of the cutting joints and/or grouting holes communicated with the cutting joints are drilled in the track plates, and the grouting materials are injected into the cutting joints through the grouting holes.

Preferably, an anchor is further provided, and before grouting material is injected, an anchor hole is drilled from the track plate towards the supporting layer, and the anchor hole is communicated with the cutting seam; next, inserting the anchoring piece into the anchoring hole, wherein one end of the anchoring piece abuts against the bottom surface of the cutting seam, and the other end of the anchoring piece extends out of the anchoring hole or is at least flush with the upper surface of the track slab; and after the grouting material is injected, injecting a bonding agent into the anchoring hole.

Preferably, wherein the upper surface of the cutting layer is selected to be the upper surface of the support layer.

Preferably, the thickness value of the cutting layer is 2-3cm larger than the track falling amount.

Preferably, before step B, a detachable and adjustable lateral stop member abutting against the rail plate is disposed on two sides of the rail plate perpendicular to the rail extending direction.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a ballastless track.

1. A roadbed; 2. a support layer; 3. a track plate; 4. a sleeper; 5. a track.

Detailed Description

As shown in fig. 1, the ballastless track structure roughly includes, from bottom to top, a roadbed 1 laid with crushed stones or the like, a support layer 2 (this support layer is also called a bed plate when it is made of reinforced concrete) generally cast with concrete or cast with reinforced concrete, a track plate 3 generally cast with reinforced concrete, a sleeper 4 fixed in the track plate 3, and a steel track 5 coupled to the sleeper. The method for adjusting the height of the ballastless track mainly comprises the steps of determining the track drop amount (namely the track height down-regulation amount), cutting the supporting layer 2, dropping the track structure, repairing the supporting layer 2 and the like.

According to a first embodiment of the invention, in a first step, the amount of lane dropping required for the adjustment is determined. The CPIII grid can be used to re-measure the track surface elevation, investigate the tie plate condition, and accurately determine the amount of track drop required before making the adjustment. And meanwhile, level measuring points and plane measuring points are arranged at intervals along the extension direction of the track, and preferably, rechecking is carried out once before and after construction every day.

In order to ensure the lateral stability of the track structure during adjustment (left-right direction when the person skilled in the art normally views fig. 1), a lateral stop is provided between the shoulder and the line of the section of track to be adjusted, which stop is arranged to abut against the track slab and is preferably made of steel, which can be removed wholly or partially when affecting the operation. Preferably the stop member is adjustable by means of a bolt to define the lateral position of the track plate.

In a second step, the cut layer is cut from the support layer 2 using a cutting device. In practice, a drilling type cutting device is usually selected to perform cutting. The holes are first drilled precisely on both lateral sides of the supporting layer 2, the size and position of which are designed to allow the insertion of cutting devices therein and also depend on the thickness of the cutting layer to be cut. The mounting of the guide frame should be done before drilling to be accurately oriented to ensure drilling accuracy. Wherein the thickness of the cutting layer to be cut should be greater than, preferably 2-3cm greater than, the amount of the falling track, the upper and lower surfaces of the cutting layer being designed parallel to the surface of the track plate facing the support layer 2.

When cutting, firstly, a cutting device is inserted into the drilled hole and enters the supporting layer 2 along the direction vertical to the extension direction of the track, the position of a target cutting layer is marked on the outer side of the supporting layer 2 before cutting, the cutting position is monitored at any time in the cutting process, and the cutting angle is adjusted in time once deviation occurs. After the cutting is completed, the cut layer is removed, and a cut seam is formed in the support layer 2. In this case, it is preferable to provide support means, such as jacks, on both lateral sides of the cutting seam to temporarily support the rail structure above the cutting seam. The cut seam is cleaned to prevent the stripped block from remaining in the seam and affecting the subsequent operation. Furthermore, in order to ensure that the rail structure above the cutting seam falls smoothly to the target level, the supporting layer 2 may be overcut by several meters (e.g. 5 meters) on both sides of the section to be adjusted in the direction of extension of the rail.

In a third step, the rail structure above the cutting seam is lowered to a target elevation. Firstly, preparing a plurality of height control cushion blocks according to the falling quantity, wherein the thickness of each height control cushion block is equal to the difference between the thickness of a cutting layer and the falling quantity; next, the elevation control pads are arranged on the bottom surface of the cutting slit in sequence along the track extending direction, preferably at intervals along the track extending direction and in pairs in the transverse direction. The grinding of the contact nodes is preferably done before the elevation control pads are set.

After the elevation control cushion blocks are arranged, the jack is synchronously and slowly adjusted downwards so that the track structure above the cutting seam descends until the track structure abuts against the elevation control cushion blocks, the position of the elevation control cushion blocks can be adjusted in the descending process, the transverse deformation is monitored at any time, and the transverse limit is kept. Preferably, the upper surface of the cutting layer is selected as an interface of the support layer 2 and the rail plate to reduce the load of the supporting device, thereby more precisely performing the lowering process.

In the fourth step, the supporting layer 2 is reinforced by steel bar planting and repaired by grouting. After the track is lowered to the target elevation, a grouting material, which may be, for example, cement paste, mortar, or the like, is injected into the cutting joint. Preferably, anchors, for example, quincunx-shaped anchoring ribs, may be implanted between the support layer 2 and the track plate 3 to enhance the coupling between the support layer 2 and the track plate 3.

Specifically, templates are firstly erected on two lateral sides of the cutting seam to prevent the subsequently poured slurry from overflowing. Next, anchor holes, which should be in communication with the cut slits, are drilled from the track plate 3 toward the support layer 2, preferably in a direction perpendicular to the upper surface of the support layer 2. Next, a prepared anchor member, one end of which should abut against the bottom surface of the cut seam and the other end of which should protrude out of the track plate 3 or at least be parallel to the upper surface of the track plate 3, is inserted into the anchor hole. Next, the grouting material is injected into the cut joint, wherein the grouting may be performed from the lateral side of the cut joint, or a grouting hole communicating with the cut joint may be drilled on the track plate 3, and the grouting material is injected into the cut joint from the grouting hole. Finally, it is preferable to inject a binder, such as a bar-planting glue, into the anchoring holes to reinforce the anchoring member with the supporting layer 2 and/or the track plate 3. And (4) leveling the anchoring hole by adopting high-strength grouting material. In addition, the repair of the supporting layer may be performed by filling a repair adhesive in the cut seam.

According to the second embodiment of the present invention, in the case that the normal operation of the train is still required to be ensured during the cutting process, the operation steps are substantially the same as those of the first embodiment, and the differences are as follows:

in the second step, the dicing layer is preferably cut and removed by a space-wise cutting and removing method. Specifically, firstly, the width of each cut layer unit is determined according to the operation time and the efficiency; next, preparing a support with a thickness designed to be equal to the thickness of the cutting layer; finally, the cutting and cleaning is carried out at intervals according to the actual operating conditions in the above-described cutting method, and after the cutting layer unit is removed, a support element is inserted into the cutting slot immediately, and is arranged at least below the corresponding sleeper in the track section to be adjusted. The support piece can adopt a prefabricated block body such as a cuboid, and can also be formed by grouting on site, namely, the bag body is firstly placed into a cutting seam, slurry is injected into the bag until the bag body conforms to the top surface and the bottom surface of the cutting seam, after the slurry is solidified, the support piece can play a role in supporting a track structure above the cutting seam, and the slurry preferably adopts quick-setting grouting material such as quick-setting cement slurry and quick-setting mortar.

In the third step, after the height control units are arranged, a pair of jacks can be arranged on two transverse sides of each cutting layer unit. And starting the jack to slowly jack up the structure above the cutting seam by a certain height, so that the support piece is taken out. The cut seams can be cleaned by air guns, water guns and the like to remove residual supports. The jack is then slowly lowered as described above to lower the track structure above the cutting line until it abuts the elevation control pad.

As can be seen from the above, according to the method of the present invention, the adjustment of the track elevation can be completed only by cutting the supporting layer 2 and using the elevation control pad in cooperation, and thus, no influence is generated on other structural parts of the ballastless track, and further, the whole ballastless track structure does not need to be dismantled and rebuilt. In addition, the method of cutting the carrier layer 2 at intervals ensures that the vehicle travels normally during the adjustment process. Therefore, the method can realize the adjustment of the track elevation with low cost and high efficiency without influencing the normal driving.

Claims

1. A method for adjusting the elevation of a ballastless track, wherein the ballastless track structure comprises a track (5), a sleeper (4), a track plate (3) and a supporting layer (2) which are laid from top to bottom, and is characterized by comprising the following steps:

a, measuring the elevation of a track (5) of a track section to be adjusted, and determining the track falling amount;

step B, cutting a cutting layer from the supporting layer (2) and removing the cutting layer to form cutting seams on the supporting layer (2), wherein the thickness of the cutting layer is selected to be larger than the track falling amount, and the upper surface and the lower surface of the cutting layer are designed to be parallel to the surface of the track plate (3) facing the supporting layer;

step C, providing a height control cushion block in the cutting seam, wherein the thickness of the height control cushion block is the difference value between the thickness of the cutting layer and the track falling amount;

d, enabling the ballastless track structure above the cutting joint to descend and abut against the height control cushion block;

and E, repairing the supporting layer (2).

2. The method as set forth in claim 1, wherein in step B, the cut layer is cut and removed on the support layer at intervals in the track-extending direction; providing a support within the dicing lane formed by step B prior to performing step C, wherein the support has a thickness equal to the thickness of the dicing layer; removing the support before performing step D.

3. The method of claim 2, wherein the support member is disposed at least below each corresponding crosstie within the cut seam.

4. The method of claim 2, wherein the support member is formed using a prefabricated block and/or by injecting a quick setting grout into the bag until the bag conforms to the top and bottom surfaces of the cut seam.

5. The method as claimed in claim 2, wherein supporting devices are arranged on two lateral sides of the cutting seam, after the step C is carried out, the ballastless track structure above the cutting seam is jacked up by the supporting devices, the supporting pieces are taken out, the cutting seam is cleaned, and then the ballastless track structure above the cutting seam is lowered by the supporting devices until the ballastless track structure abuts against the high-speed control cushion block.

6. The method as claimed in claim 1, wherein grouting material is injected into the cutting joint from both lateral sides of the cutting joint and/or grouting holes communicating with the cutting joint are drilled in the track slab, and the grouting material is injected into the cutting joint through the grouting holes.

7. The method of claim 6, further providing an anchor member, drilling an anchor hole from the track plate toward the support layer prior to injecting grout, the anchor hole communicating with the cut seam; next, inserting the anchoring piece into the anchoring hole, wherein one end of the anchoring piece abuts against the bottom surface of the cutting seam, and the other end of the anchoring piece extends out of the anchoring hole or is at least flush with the upper surface of the track slab; and after the grouting material is injected, injecting a bonding agent into the anchoring hole.

8. The method of claim 1, wherein the upper surface of the cutting layer is selected to be the upper surface of the support layer.

9. The method of claim 1, wherein the thickness of the incised layer has a value 2-3cm greater than the amount of land.

10. The method as claimed in claim 1, wherein before step B, a detachable and adjustable lateral stop is provided at both sides of the track plate perpendicular to the track extending direction, abutting against the track plate.