CN1113201C

CN1113201C - Thermal pump

Info

Publication number: CN1113201C
Application number: CN99119414A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 金柱祥
Original assignee: LG Electronics Inc
Current assignee: LG Electronics Inc
Priority date: 1998-08-18
Filing date: 1999-08-18
Publication date: 2003-07-02
Anticipated expiration: 2019-08-18
Also published as: CN1250145A; KR20000017355A; KR100344787B1

Abstract

A heat pump capable of reducing heat loss and improving refrigeration efficiency and coefficient of performance. The heat pump comprises a compressor, a four-way valve, an outdoor device, an expanding valve and an indoor device which are connected with each other in order; the heat pump comprises an assistant heat exchanger provided on the outdoor device for preventing freeze of outdoor device; a first diffluence conduit separated from the refrigerant conduit arranged between the expanding valve and the indoor device, which is connected to the assistant heat exchanger; and a second diffluence conduit connecting to the refrigerant conduit between the expanding valve and the indoor device for making refrigerant cycle enter into the assistant heat exchanger.

Description

Heat pump

The present invention relates to heat pump, specifically, relate to a kind of heat pump that can effectively remove the frost in the outdoor location that appears at heat pump.

Usually, kind of refrigeration cycle comprises compressor, condenser, expansion valve, and evaporimeter.If evaporimeter absorbs the heat of high-temperature part, condenser is partly emitted heat to low temperature so.The principle that can utilize evaporimeter to absorb the high-temperature part heat is made refrigerating plant, as air-conditioner and refrigerator.Can utilize condenser to make heater, for example heat pump to the exothermic principle of low temperature part.

In addition, because evaporimeter and condenser are used as heat exchanger, by optionally changing the flow direction of cold-producing medium, a kind of compressor that comprises, evaporimeter, the device of condenser and expansion valve (hereinafter referred to as " heat pump ") can be realized refrigerating operaton and heating operation.

But the problem that such heat pump exists is, can frosting on as the outdoor location of evaporimeter when the heating operation.Because the heating operation is carried out usually in the winter time, the peripheral temperature of outdoor location may be lower than zero degree.Especially, because at cold district, temperature always is lower than zero degree, occurs condensed water in the outdoor location, directly build-ups ice then.

In addition, this evaporimeter (heat exchanger) includes a plurality of metallic plates (fin) that are arranged in its inside, and makes the cold-producing medium vertical current cross the conduit of this fin.If frosting between fin, air duct is blocked, and the pressure loss, power consumption and noise increase, thereby greatly reduce heat exchanger effectiveness.

In order to prevent that outdoor location from freezing, and discloses a kind of operation that prevents frosting of regular chiller-heat pump.Owing to prevent that the operation of frosting is identical with refrigerating operaton, outdoor location is used as and finishes the condenser of exothermic operation, thereby has prevented frosting.But this operation that prevents frosting is regularly to carry out at the heating run duration.Reduced the thermal efficiency like this.

In order to address this problem, provide a kind of independent installation to prevent the heat pump of frosting device, so that when heating operation continuously, prevent the operation of frosting.With reference to Fig. 1 and 2 this heat pump is described below.

Referring to Fig. 1 and 2, this heat pump comprises compressor 1, be installed in the indoor and outdoors

device

2 and 3 of indoor and outdoors respectively, have in the indoor and outdoors device respectively with the indoor and outdoors device in the air heat exchanger 2a and the 3a that carry out heat exchange, be used for making cross valve 4 and an expansion valve 6 of refrigerant flow direction indoor set 2 or outdoor location 3 conversions according to refrigeration or heating mode.

In addition, secondary unit 5 is housed in the outdoor location 3, allows high temperature refrigerant to enter secondary unit 5, freeze so that prevent outdoor location 3.Rectifier (rectifier) is installed between secondary unit 5 and expansion valve 6, is used for controlling cold-producing medium, make it always flow to secondary unit 5 from indoor set 2 or outdoor location 3.A cryogen vessel 7 is installed between secondary unit 5 and expansion valve 6, is used for store refrigerant, and make cold-producing medium flow to expansion valve 6 simultaneously from this secondary unit 5.These parts are responsible for 8 by cold-producing medium and are interconnected.

Simultaneously, rectifier constitutes a closed-loop path, comprises a pair of first and second connecting

ducts

10 and 11 that are arranged side by side, and is used to connect third and fourth connecting

duct

12 and 13 of first and second connecting ducts 10 and 11.In addition, on first connecting duct 10, be serially connected with first and second check-

valves

14 and 15, on second connecting duct 11, be serially connected with third and fourth check-

valves

16 and 17 simultaneously.First and second check-

valves

14 and 15 in parallel with third and fourth check-

valves

16 and 17.

Above-mentioned rectifier is described below and the annexation between the parts around it.

That part between first and second check-

valves

14 and 15 of first connecting duct 10 is connected with heat exchanger 2 by the first auxiliary refrigerant conduit 8a.That part between third and fourth check-

valves

16 and 17 of second connecting duct 11 is connected with heat exchanger 3 by the second auxiliary refrigerant conduit 8b.The 3rd connecting duct 12 is connected with secondary unit 5 by the 3rd auxiliary refrigerant conduit 8c.The 4th connecting duct 13 is connected with expansion valve 6 by the 4th auxiliary refrigerant conduit 8d.

The operation of above-mentioned heat pump is described below.

At first, with reference to Fig. 1, in refrigerating mode, flow to outdoor location 3 by cross valve 4 by the cold-producing medium after compressor 1 compression.Then, cold-producing medium is according to the second auxiliary refrigerant conduit 8b, second connecting duct 11, the 3rd check-valves 16, the three connecting ducts 12, the three auxiliary refrigerant conduit 8c, secondary unit 5, cryogen vessel 7, expansion valve 6, the 4th auxiliary refrigerant conduit 8d, the 4th connecting duct 13, the second check-valves 15, first connecting duct, 10, the first auxiliary refrigerant conduit 8a, indoor heat converter 2, cross valve 4, and the sequential loop of compressor 1.Therefore, be installed on the heat of indoor set 2 by surrounding air in the evaporation absorption chamber in the interior space, make indoorly to obtain cooling, and outdoor location 3 outwards emitted the heat of cold-producing medium by condensation.

With reference to Fig. 2, in heating mode, flow to indoor heat converter 2 by cross valve 4 by the cold-producing medium after compressor 1 compression.Then, cold-producing medium is according to the first auxiliary refrigerant conduit 8a, first connecting duct 10, first check-valves, 14, the three connecting ducts, 12, the three auxiliary refrigerant conduit 8c, secondary unit 5, cryogen vessel 7, expansion valve 6, the 4th auxiliary refrigerant conduit 8d, the 4th connecting duct 13, the four check-valves 17, the second auxiliary refrigerant conduit 8b, outdoor heat converter 3, cross valve 4, and the sequential loop of compressor 1.Therefore, the indoor set 2 that is contained in the interior space is emitted heat by condensation, make the indoor heat that obtains, and outdoor location 3 is by the heat of evaporation absorption chamber outer air.

Can know from flowing of above-described cold-producing medium, always to flow through secondary unit 5, can prevent that outdoor location from freezing from cold-producing medium as the indoor set 2 of condenser.

But the frosting device that prevents of above-mentioned heat pump has several problems.

Although the frosting device that prevents of prior art can prevent that outdoor location from freezing at the heating run duration, because cold-producing medium flows through when preventing the frosting device, the evaporation of part cold-producing medium, thereby the freezing capacity reduction when making the refrigeration operation.In the time of in other words, when refrigeration moves, cold-producing medium is evaporated in indoor set.But in the heat pump of prior art, the part cold-producing medium evaporates in preventing the frosting device, thereby has reduced freezing capacity.In addition and since prior art prevent frosting device production craft step complexity, so production cost height, productivity ratio is low.

Therefore, the present invention aims to provide a kind of heat pump, and this heat pump can eliminate substantially because the restriction of prior art and several problems that defective is brought.

An object of the present invention is to provide a kind of heat pump that prevents the frosting device that has, this device can prevent effectively that outdoor location from freezing, and simple in structure.

Another object of the present invention provides a kind of heat pump, and this heat pump can reduce heat loss, improves the freezing capacity and the coefficient of performance.

Other characteristics of the present invention and advantage will show in the following description, and from the following description, it is clearer that part characteristics and advantage will become, and these characteristics and advantage also can be learned by implementing the present invention.Above-mentioned purpose of the present invention and other advantage will realize by the structure that specification, claims and accompanying drawing are specifically noted and obtain.

As described in summarizing briefly, in order to obtain these and other advantage, and according to purpose of the present invention, a kind of heat pump, comprise compressor, cross valve, outdoor location, expansion valve and indoor set, these devices are linked in sequence each other, according to the present invention, this heat pump comprises: be arranged in the secondary unit in the outdoor location, be used to prevent that outdoor location from freezing; Tell first shunt catheter that is connected with secondary unit from the coolant conduits between expansion valve and the indoor set; And with expansion valve and indoor set between coolant conduits second shunt catheter that is connected, be used for making cold-producing medium to circulate at secondary unit.

Obviously, top general description and following detailed all are illustrative, and purpose is that claimed invention is described further.

The accompanying drawing that the invention provides further explanation is also included within the specification, constitutes the part of specification of the present invention, embodiments of the invention are described, and explanation is used to explain the specification of the principle of the invention.

In the drawings:

Fig. 1 is the schematic diagram of prior art heat pump, especially cools off the flow chart of run duration cold-producing medium;

Fig. 2 is the flow chart of cold-producing medium during the schematic diagram of prior art heat pump, the especially heating operation;

Fig. 3 is a heat pump schematics according to an embodiment of the invention;

Fig. 4 is a heat pump schematics in accordance with another embodiment of the present invention.

Describe most preferred embodiment of the present invention in detail referring now to accompanying drawing, some of them embodiment represents in the accompanying drawings.

Describe the most preferred embodiment of a heat pump of the present invention in detail below with reference to Fig. 3.

Identical with the heat pump of prior art, heat pump of the present invention comprises compressor 1, has the indoor set 2 of indoor heat converter 2a, has the outdoor location 3 of outdoor heat converter 3a, expansion valve 6, be used to make cold-producing medium forward or turn round the change of current to cross valve 4.These elements are linked in sequence each other, constitute refrigerant cycles (heat pump cycle).

In addition, in outdoor location 3, be provided with prevent that outdoor location 3 from freezing prevent the frosting device.

Describe this below in detail and prevent the frosting device.

Outdoor location 3 comprises the secondary unit 30 that is used to prevent that heat exchanger 3a from freezing.Secondary unit 30 1 ends are connected with indoor set 2, and the other end is connected with expansion valve 6.

In more detail, first shunt catheter 20 is arranged on the precalculated position of the coolant conduits 200 that is used to connect indoor set 2 and expansion valve 6, and the part cold-producing medium is delivered to secondary unit 30.Second shunt catheter 21 is arranged on the secondary unit 30, carries out cold-producing medium circulation after the heat exchange so that make in cool cycles with outdoor location 3, that is to say, gives expansion valve 6 this cold-producing medium.At this moment, first and second shunt catheters 20 are connected with 200a with the coolant conduits 200 that is connected indoor set 2 and expansion valve 6 with 21.First and second shunt catheters 20 preferably are connected with 200a with coolant conduits 200 with predetermined interval with 21.

Simultaneously, as shown in Figure 3, allow cold-producing medium only to be preferably disposed on second shunt catheter 21, so that prevent the cold-producing medium reverse flow to the check-valves 40 that a direction flows.Check-valves 40 also can be arranged on first shunt catheter 20.

In addition, the flow controlling unit 110 of the refrigerant flow that control will be shunted, be set in place on the coolant conduits (hereinafter referred to as the intermediate refrigerant conduit) between first shunt catheter, 20 splitter sections and second shunt catheter, the 21 backflow parts, so that suitably control the flow of the cold-producing medium that flows to secondary unit 30.

In addition, consider that originally frosting is to occur in following this fact of heat exchanger 3a, preferably is arranged on secondary unit 30 below the heat exchanger 3a.

Operation according to heat pump of the present invention is described below.

At first, in the refrigeration pattern, cold-producing medium is according to compressor 1, cross valve 4, outdoor location 3, expansion valve 6, indoor set 2, cross valve 4, and the sequential loop of compressor 1.This circulating path is simpler than prior art, and has reduced heat loss.

The cold-producing medium that flows through expansion valve 6 can reverse inflow second shunt catheter 21, but the check-valves 40 that is arranged on second shunt catheter 21 can prevent the cold-producing medium reverse flow.

And in heating mode, cold-producing medium is according to compressor 1, cross valve 4, indoor set 2, the first shunt catheters 20, secondary unit 30, check-valves 40, the second shunt catheters 21, expansion valve 6, outdoor location 3, cross valve 4, and the sequential loop of compressor 1.

In other words, if the beginning heating operation, cold-producing medium is according to compressor 1, indoor set 2, and expansion valve 6, and the sequential loop of outdoor location 3 are so that to the indoor heat that provides.

At this moment, the cold-producing medium that between indoor set 2 and expansion valve 6, flows, the part shunting is by first shunt catheter 20, so that flow to secondary unit 30.Emit heat by the cold-producing medium that flows to secondary unit 30, prevent that outdoor location 30 from freezing.This cold-producing medium also enters coolant conduits 200a by second shunt catheter 21.Shunted and passed through the cold-producing medium of secondary unit 30, and directly the cold-producing medium of introducing indoor set 2 is integrated with coolant conduits 200a, flows to expansion valve 6.

In the present invention, owing in refrigerant cycles, only the part cold-producing medium is sent into secondary unit, just might reduce heat loss.In addition, owing to only need first and second shunt catheters, thereby simplify the structure, improved productivity ratio.

4 another embodiment that describe heat pump of the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings.

This embodiment is identical with the principle of the foregoing description.But, this embodiment has proposed a kind of by being controlled at the length of the intermediate refrigerant conduit 25 between first and second shunt catheters 20 and 21, control the method for the refrigerant flow that will be shunted, and do not need to use separately the control shunting to enter the flow controlling unit of the refrigerant flow of secondary unit 30.In addition, also proposed a kind ofly by control first and second shunt catheters 20 and 21 diameter, and the diameter of control intermediate refrigerant conduit 25 is controlled the method for the refrigerant flow that will be shunted.

Relation between the diameter of the diameter of intermediate refrigerant conduit 25 and first and second shunt catheters 20 and 21 is at first described below.

Preferably make the diameter of the diameter of intermediate refrigerant conduit 25 less than first and second shunt catheters 20 and 21.If the diameter of intermediate refrigerant conduit 25 is greater than the diameter of first and second conduits 20 and 21, the length L of intermediate refrigerant conduit 25 should be longer, so that cold-producing medium is smoothly shunted.If the length L of intermediate refrigerant conduit 25 is oversize, the problem of bringing is that the area of intermediate refrigerant conduit will be big, so the external surface area of product becomes big.For this cause, preferably make the diameter of the diameter of intermediate refrigerant conduit 25 less than first and second shunt catheters 20 and 21.

Under the situation of diameter less than the diameter of first and second shunt catheters 20 and 21 of intermediate refrigerant conduit 25, just can control the refrigerant flow that shunting enters secondary unit 30, thus the temperature of control secondary unit 30.

In more detail, freeze in order to prevent outdoor location 3, secondary unit 30 should keep predetermined or higher temperature, is at least 0 ℃, perhaps greater than 0 ℃.Therefore, should correspondingly set the refrigerant flow of introducing secondary unit 30.

The refrigerant flow of introducing secondary unit 30 is relevant with the length of intermediate refrigerant conduit 25.Because the internal resistance of first and second shunt catheters 20 and 21 is bigger, if the length L of intermediate refrigerant conduit 25 is too short, cold-producing medium just can't flow into secondary unit 30 smoothly.In this, the length L between first and second shunt catheters 20 and 21 should be a predetermined length or longer.

By experiment, when peripheral temperature is 2HP for-10 ℃ and pressure, can obtain following result.That is, when the length L of middle coolant conduits 25 is respectively 10cm or longer, 15cm or longer and 20cm or when longer, prevents the temperature of frosting part, the temperature that is to say secondary unit 30 is respectively 0 ℃, 5 ℃ and 10 ℃.

Should be higher than 0 ℃ of the temperature that water begins to freeze owing to prevent the minimum temperature of frosting part, so the length L of intermediate refrigerant conduit 25 should be 10cm at least, perhaps greater than 10cm, if externally condition is not poor especially, and the diameter of intermediate refrigerant conduit 25 is equal to, or greater than 15cm, the temperature that prevents the frosting part so becomes 5 ℃, thereby prevents frosting.Consider the deviation between the product, the various variations and the security of running status,, just can prevent frosting under mal-condition if the length L of intermediate refrigerant conduit 25 is 20cm or greater than 20cm.

Although above-mentioned experiment is to be-10 ℃ in peripheral temperature, pressure is to carry out under the condition of 2HP,, under other condition, also can obtain identical effect.

Above-mentioned heat pump of the present invention has the following advantages.

At first, because cold-producing medium is partly shunted and entered heat exchanger, piping loss and heat loss reduce, because of And improved the efficient of heat pump.

The second, because this heat pump structure is simple, so can save production cost.

At last, can prevent that cold-producing medium from flowing into secondary unit at the refrigeration run duration. In other words, Owing to can prevent that cold-producing medium from evaporating from secondary unit at the refrigeration run duration, thereby improved and caused Cold efficiency.

Obviously, those of ordinary skill in the art can according to the present invention, not exceed spirit of the present invention In scope, this heat pump is carried out various improvement and variation. Therefore the present invention covered of the present invention those Improve and variation, these improvement and variation all are included in the scope of claims and equivalent thereof.

Claims

1. a heat pump comprises compressor, cross valve, and outdoor location, expansion valve, and indoor set, these devices are linked in sequence each other, and described heat pump comprises:

Be arranged on the secondary unit in the outdoor location, be used to prevent that outdoor location from freezing;

From first shunt catheter that the coolant conduits between expansion valve and the indoor set is told, this first shunt catheter is connected with secondary unit; And

Second shunt catheter that is connected with coolant conduits between expansion valve and the indoor set is used to make the cold-producing medium circulation to enter secondary unit.

2. heat pump as claimed in claim 1, wherein said secondary unit are arranged on below the heat exchanger of outdoor location.

3. heat pump as claimed in claim 2, wherein the diameter of the coolant conduits between first and second shunt catheters is less than the diameter of first and second shunt catheters.

4. heat pump as claimed in claim 3, wherein the length of the coolant conduits between first and second shunt catheters is a predetermined length, perhaps greater than predetermined length.

5. heat pump as claimed in claim 3, wherein the length of the coolant conduits between first and second shunt catheters is at least 10cm, perhaps greater than 10cm.

6. heat pump as claimed in claim 2, wherein in first and second shunt catheters is provided with check-valves at least, is used for preventing the cold-producing medium reverse flow.

7. heat pump as claimed in claim 2, wherein the coolant conduits between first and second shunt catheters is provided with the volume control device that is used to control refrigerant flow.