CN111319993B

CN111319993B - Method for quickly collecting, separating and removing impurities of seeds after airing or drying dehydration

Info

Publication number: CN111319993B
Application number: CN202010114725.9A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 张继美; 王艳
Original assignee: Jianghuai Horticultural South Zhanjiang Agricultural Technology R & D Co ltd
Current assignee: Jianghuai Horticultural South Zhanjiang Agricultural Technology R & D Co ltd
Priority date: 2020-02-25
Filing date: 2020-02-25
Publication date: 2021-05-25
Anticipated expiration: 2040-02-25
Also published as: CN111319993A

Abstract

The invention discloses a method for quickly collecting, separating and removing impurities of seeds after airing or drying and dehydration, which comprises the following steps: in the process that the gathering and conveying component moves linearly along with the advancing vehicle body, the gathering plate gathers the seeds to be close to the guide plate; the pushing motor drives the rotating shaft/pushing blade to rotate, so that the seeds are pushed to the feeding end of the conveying assembly; the conveying assembly pulls the seeds to convey into the seed dust removal device; conveying the seeds into a conveying cylinder shell, rotating a packing auger and drawing the seeds into a centrifugal housing, rotating a centrifugal shaft and drawing a fan/a centrifugal shell to synchronously rotate, throwing the seeds out of the centrifugal shell into a dust removal shell, and removing dust from the seeds by the fan in the throwing process; the seeds fall onto the sealing plate, the rotating ring rotates and pulls the seeds to synchronously rotate through the pushing plate, and when the seeds rotate to the position of the discharging barrel, the seeds fall into the seed storage shell through the discharging barrel; the advancing vehicle body is reversed, and the equipment continues to linearly move and collect the adjacent seeds to be collected, and the process is repeated.

Description

Method for quickly collecting, separating and removing impurities of seeds after airing or drying dehydration

Technical Field

The invention relates to the field of crops, in particular to a method for dedusting and collecting seeds.

Background

After the seeds are dried in the sun, the life activity of the seeds is basically stopped under the condition that free water is almost lost, but the protoplasm structure of embryonic cells is not damaged, the cells do not lose activity, and the life activity is quickly recovered after the seeds absorb water. If the seeds are not dried in the sun, the seeds can respire (the strength of respiration is in proportion to the water content in the seeds in a certain range), organic matters stored in the seeds are consumed, and products generated by aerobic respiration react with substances in the environment to mildew, so that the storage life of the seeds is shortened.

In order to prolong the storage time of the seeds and ensure the quality of the seeds, the seeds need to be dried in the sun or baked before being stored.

Therefore, the invention needs to provide an automatic seed collecting device which can automatically gather, collect and store the seeds aired on the ground and remove impurities such as broken rice leaves, dust and the like in the collecting and storing process, thereby greatly reducing the labor intensity of farmers and improving the working efficiency; in the gathering and collecting process, the free ends of the gathering and conveying component/the seed pushing component can be tightly attached to the ground through the matching of the first abutting component and the second abutting component, so that the seeds on the ground can be gathered and collected effectively, and the environment adaptability is strong; in the collection and storage processes, the seeds thrown out by the centrifugal throwing principle are subjected to impurity separation in a wind blowing mode, and the removing effect is better.

Disclosure of Invention

In order to solve the defects of the prior art, the invention aims to provide a method for removing dust and collecting seeds, which can automatically gather, collect and store the seeds aired on the ground and remove impurities such as broken rice leaves, dust and the like in the collecting and storing process, thereby greatly reducing the labor intensity of farmers and improving the working efficiency.

In order to achieve the technical purpose, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows.

The method for quickly collecting, separating and removing impurities of seeds after airing or drying and dehydration comprises the following steps:

gathering and collecting;

s1: the advancing vehicle body moves linearly and pulls the seed collecting device arranged on the chassis of the advancing vehicle body to move synchronously;

the seed collecting device comprises a gathering and conveying mechanism and a seed pushing mechanism, the gathering and conveying mechanism comprises a gathering and conveying component and a first abutting component, the gathering and conveying component comprises a fixed support, an installation shell, a conveying assembly and a conveying motor, the fixed support is fixedly arranged on a chassis, two groups of fixed supports are arranged on the fixed support, and the distance direction between the two groups of fixed supports is parallel to the axial direction of an axle of a travelling vehicle body in a linear moving state;

the mounting shell comprises a bottom plate and a vertical plate, the bottom plate is obliquely arranged, the extending direction of the horizontal projection of the bottom plate on the ground is parallel to the linear moving direction of the traveling vehicle body, the vertical plate is vertically fixed on the upper inclined plane of the bottom plate, two groups of vertical plates are arranged and are respectively positioned on one side of the bottom plate along the width direction of the vertical plate, the mounting shell is arranged between two groups of fixing supports, the width direction of the bottom plate of the mounting shell is parallel to the distance direction between the two groups of fixing supports, the mounting shell is hinged with the two groups of fixing supports, and the bottom end of the vertical;

the bottom ends of two groups of vertical plates of the mounting shell extend to form gathering plates, the large faces of the gathering plates are perpendicular to the ground, included angles are formed between the gathering plates and the vertical plates, the distance between the two groups of gathering plates is gradually decreased along the projection extending direction of the mounting shell on the ground and the direction from far away from the mounting shell to near the mounting shell, the bottom of the gathering plates is tightly attached to the ground, a guide plate is obliquely fixed between the bottom ends of the two groups of vertical plates of the mounting shell, the large face of the guide plate is parallel to the large face of a bottom plate of the mounting shell, the conveying assembly is arranged in the mounting shell, the feeding end of the conveying assembly is positioned under the guide plate, the discharging end of the conveying assembly is positioned at the top end of the mounting shell, the conveying motor is fixed on the vertical plates, and the power output;

in the process that the gathering and conveying component moves linearly along with the advancing vehicle body, the gathering plate gathers seeds on the linear track to the position close to the guide plate, and in the process, the first abutting component can enable the bottom end of the vertical plate of the mounting shell of the gathering and conveying component to be tightly attached to the ground;

s2: the seed pushing mechanism operates;

the seed pushing mechanism comprises a seed pushing component and a second abutting component, the seed pushing component comprises a mounting plate and a rotating shaft, the large surface of the mounting plate is parallel to the large surface of the vertical plate of the mounting shell, one end of the mounting plate is hinged to the vertical plate of the mounting shell, the other end of the mounting plate is positioned right above the gathering plate, the mounting plate is provided with two groups and is respectively positioned on one side of the mounting shell along the extending direction of the mounting shell, the axial direction of the rotating shaft is parallel to the distance direction between the two groups of fixing supports, the rotating shaft is movably mounted between the two groups of mounting plates and can rotate around the axial direction of the rotating shaft, the pushing blades are arranged outside the rotating shaft and are arrayed along the circumferential direction of the rotating shaft, the pushing blades are made of soft materials such as rubber, the distance between the rotating shaft and the ground is smaller than the width of the pushing blades, the pushing motor is;

the pushing motor operates and drives the rotating shaft and the pushing blades to rotate, and then the seeds gathered to the area between the two gathering plates are pushed to the feeding end of the conveying assembly along the upper inclined plane of the guide plate;

s3: the conveying motor operates and drives the conveying assembly to operate, the conveying assembly operates and pulls the seeds to be conveyed towards the direction of the discharging end of the conveying assembly, and the seeds are finally conveyed into the seed dust removal device;

(II) dust removal storage stage;

s4: the seed dust removal device comprises a bracket body, a power motor, a dust removal shell, a seed dust removal mechanism and a seed storage shell, wherein the bracket body is fixedly arranged on the upper end surface of a chassis, the seed storage shell is fixed on the upper end surface of the chassis, the dust removal shell is a cylindrical shell structure with openings at the upper end and the lower end and is fixed on the bracket body, a fixed end cover is arranged at the upper opening end of the dust removal shell, the fixed end cover is connected with a dust removal pipeline, an isolation housing is arranged in the dust removal shell, the isolation housing is a circular shell structure which is coaxially arranged with the dust removal shell and has openings at the upper end and the lower end, a support frame is arranged between the outer circular surface of the;

the seed dust removal mechanism comprises a transportation dust removal component, a seed guide component, a first power connection component and a second power connection component, wherein the transportation dust removal component comprises a feeding shell, a transportation cylinder shell, a centrifugal assembly, a fan and a packing auger, the transportation cylinder shell is of a cylindrical shell structure which is axially vertical to the ground, the lower end of the transportation cylinder shell is closed, and the upper end of the transportation cylinder shell is opened;

the centrifugal assembly comprises a centrifugal shaft and a centrifugal shell, the centrifugal shaft is of a circular ring shaft structure, the centrifugal shaft is coaxially arranged outside a transport cylinder shell through a bearing, the top end of the centrifugal shaft and the upper opening end of the transport cylinder shell are positioned in the same horizontal plane, a fan is coaxially fixed outside the centrifugal shaft, the centrifugal shell is of a circular truncated cone-shaped shell structure with an opening at the upper end and a closed lower end, the size of the lower end is smaller than that of the upper end, the lower closed end of the centrifugal shell and the top end of the centrifugal shaft are coaxially and fixedly connected, the lower closed end of the centrifugal shell is also provided with a through hole penetrating through the axial thickness of the centrifugal shell, the through hole is communicated with the upper opening end of the transport cylinder shell, the upper opening end of the centrifugal shell is positioned right above the upper opening end of an isolation housing, the upper opening end of the isolation housing and the outer circular surface of, the traction plates are arranged in a plurality of groups along the circumferential direction of the centrifugal shell in an array manner;

the auger is coaxially and movably arranged in the transportation cylinder shell and can rotate around the axial direction of the auger, the bottom end of the auger passes through the lower closed end of the transportation cylinder shell and is positioned right below the transportation cylinder shell, and the top end of the auger passes through the upper open end of the transportation cylinder shell and is positioned in the centrifugal shell;

the seeds are conveyed into the feeding shell through the conveying assembly and are guided to slide into the conveying cylinder shell through the inclined cavity wall of the feeding shell, meanwhile, the power motor pulls the packing auger to rotate at a low speed through the power connecting component I, the centrifugal shaft rotates at a high speed, the packing auger rotates and pulls the seeds into the centrifugal housing, the centrifugal shaft rotates and pulls the fan and the centrifugal shell to synchronously rotate at a high speed, the centrifugal housing rotates at a high speed and leads the seeds to be thrown out into the dust removing shell through the guiding of the traction plate according to the centrifugal throwing principle, in the seed throwing-out process, wind generated by the rotation of the fan blows the seeds through the air inlet area, and therefore impurities such as broken rice leaf dust and the like in the seeds can be blown out through the fixed end cover and;

s5: the seed guiding component comprises a sealing plate and a rotating ring, the rotating ring comprises an inner ring and an outer ring, the inner ring is coaxially fixed outside the isolation housing, the lower end face of the inner ring is positioned below the lower opening end of the isolation housing, the outer ring is coaxially arranged outside the inner ring in a surrounding manner, a push plate is arranged between the outer ring and the inner ring and is fixedly connected with the inner ring through the push plate, a plurality of groups of push plates are arranged in an array manner along the circumferential direction of the inner ring, the sealing plate is of an annular plate structure coaxially arranged with the dust removal housing, the sealing plate is arranged between the lower end face of the inner ring and the wall of the dust removal housing and is used for sealing the area between the lower end face of the inner ring and the wall of the dust removal;

the seeds are centrifugally thrown out into the dust removal shell through the high-speed rotation of the centrifugal shell and finally fall onto the sealing plate, meanwhile, the power motor pulls the rotating ring to rotate through the power connecting component II, the rotating ring rotates and pulls the seeds to synchronously rotate through the pushing plate, and when the seeds rotate to the position of the discharging barrel, the seeds can fall into the seed storage shell downwards through the discharging barrel;

s6: after the seeds on the linear moving track of the advancing vehicle body are collected, the advancing vehicle body is reversed, the whole equipment is turned around by one hundred eighty degrees finally, the equipment moves towards the direction of the adjacent seeds to be collected, the moving distance is equal to the width of the gathering conveying member, and then the advancing vehicle body continues to move linearly and collects the seeds, so that the operation is repeated.

Compared with the prior art, the collecting and storing device has the advantages that the collecting and storing device can automatically collect, collect and store the seeds aired on the ground and remove impurities such as broken rice leaves, dust and the like from the seeds in the collecting and storing process, so that the labor intensity of farmers is greatly reduced and the working efficiency is improved; in the gathering and collecting process, the free ends of the gathering and conveying component/the seed pushing component can be tightly attached to the ground through the matching of the first abutting component and the second abutting component, so that the seeds on the ground can be gathered and collected effectively, and the environment adaptability is strong; in the collection and storage processes, the seeds thrown out by the centrifugal throwing principle are subjected to impurity separation in a wind blowing mode, and the removing effect is better.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic view of the overall structure of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a schematic structural view of the traveling vehicle body and the seed collecting device of the present invention.

Fig. 3 to 6 are schematic structural views of the traveling vehicle body of the present invention.

Fig. 7 is a schematic view of the internal structure of the travel mechanism of the present invention.

Fig. 8 is a schematic structural diagram of the driving mechanism of the present invention.

Fig. 9 and 10 are partial schematic structural views of the driving mechanism of the present invention.

Fig. 11 is a schematic structural view of the seed collecting device of the present invention.

Fig. 12-14 are schematic structural views of a gathering and conveying mechanism of the present invention.

Fig. 15 is a schematic structural view of a first interference member according to the present invention.

Fig. 16 is a schematic view of an internal structure of the first interference member according to the present invention.

Fig. 17 is a schematic structural view of the mounting housing and the seed pushing mechanism of the present invention.

Fig. 18 is a schematic structural diagram of a seed pushing mechanism according to the present invention.

Fig. 19 is a schematic structural view of a seed pushing member according to the present invention.

Fig. 20 is a schematic structural view of a second interference member according to the present invention.

Fig. 21-22 are schematic structural views of the chassis and the seed dust removing device of the present invention.

Fig. 23 is a schematic structural diagram of the seed dust removing device of the present invention.

Fig. 24 is a schematic structural view of the dust removing housing of the present invention.

Fig. 25 is a schematic structural view of the seed dust removing mechanism of the present invention.

FIG. 26 is a schematic view showing the combination of the power motor, the dust-removing transporting member and the power connecting assembly according to the present invention.

Fig. 27 is a schematic structural view of a transport dusting member of the present invention.

FIG. 28 is a schematic view showing the combination of the power motor, the internal components of the dust-collecting transporting member, and the power connecting assembly according to the present invention.

Fig. 29 is a schematic view of the combination of the power motor, the seed guide member, the power connection assembly and the isolation housing.

Fig. 30 is a schematic diagram of the combination of the power motor, the seed guiding member and the power connecting assembly according to the present invention.

Fig. 31 is a schematic structural view of a seed guide member of the present invention.

Detailed Description

The following description of the embodiments of the present invention will be made with reference to the accompanying drawings. The following examples are only for illustrating the technical solutions of the present invention more clearly, and the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereby.

The collecting device has the advantages that the collecting device can automatically collect, collect and store the seeds aired on the ground and remove impurities such as broken rice leaves, dust and the like in the collecting and storing process, so that the labor intensity of farmers is greatly reduced and the working efficiency is improved; in the gathering and collecting process, the free ends of the gathering and conveying component/the seed pushing component can be tightly attached to the ground through the matching of the first abutting component and the second abutting component, so that the seeds on the ground can be gathered and collected effectively, and the environment adaptability is strong; in the collection and storage processes, the seeds thrown out by the centrifugal throwing principle are subjected to impurity separation in a wind blowing mode, and the removing effect is better.

gathering and collecting;

s1: the traveling car body 100 moves linearly and pulls the seed collecting device 200 installed on the chassis 110 of the traveling car body 100 to move synchronously;

in the process that the gathering and conveying member 2110 moves linearly along with the traveling vehicle body 100, the gathering plate 2116 gathers seeds on the linear track to the position near the guide plate 2115, and in the process, the first interference member 2120 can enable the bottom end of the vertical plate of the mounting shell 2112 of the gathering and conveying member 2110 to cling to the ground;

s2: the seed pushing mechanism 220 operates;

the pushing motor 224 operates and drives the rotating shaft 222 and the pushing blades 223 to rotate, so that the seeds gathered in the area between the two sets of gathering plates 2116 are pushed to the feeding end of the conveying assembly 2113 along the upper inclined surface of the guide plate 2115;

s3: the conveying motor 2114 operates and drives the conveying assembly 2113 to operate, the conveying assembly 2113 operates and pulls the seeds to be conveyed towards the direction of the discharging end of the conveying assembly, and the seeds are finally conveyed into the seed dust removal device 300;

(II) dust removal storage stage;

s4: the seed dust removal device 300 comprises a bracket body, a power motor 310, a dust removal shell 320, a seed dust removal mechanism 330 and a seed storage shell 340, wherein the bracket body is fixedly arranged on the upper end surface of a chassis 110, the seed storage shell 340 is fixed on the upper end surface of the chassis 110, the dust removal shell 320 is a cylindrical shell structure with openings at the upper end and the lower end, the dust removal shell 320 is fixed on the bracket body, the upper opening end of the dust removal shell 320 is provided with a fixed end cover 321, the fixed end cover 321 is communicated with a dust removal pipeline 322, an isolation housing 323 is arranged in the dust removal shell 321, the isolation housing 323 is a circular shell structure which is coaxially arranged with the dust removal shell 321 and has openings at the upper end and the lower end, a support frame is arranged between the outer circular surface of the isolation;

the seeds are conveyed into the feeding shell 3311 by the conveying component 2113 and are guided to slide into the conveying cylinder shell 3312 by the inclined cavity wall of the feeding shell 3311, meanwhile, the power motor 310 pulls the screw conveyer 3317 to rotate at a low speed and the centrifugal shaft 3313 to rotate at a high speed through the power connecting component 3330, the screw conveyer 3317 rotates and pulls the seeds into the centrifugal shell 3314, the centrifugal shaft 3313 rotates and pulls the fan 3315 and the centrifugal shell 3314 to rotate at a high speed synchronously, the centrifugal shell 3314 rotates at a high speed and leads the seeds to be thrown out into the dust removing shell 320 by the guiding plate 3316 according to the centrifugal throwing principle, in the throwing-out process of the seeds, wind generated by the rotation of the fan 3315 blows towards the seeds through an air inlet area, so that impurities such as crushed rice leaf dust and the like in the seeds can be blown out through the fixed end cover 321 and the dust;

s5: the seeds are centrifugally thrown out into the dust removal shell 320 through the centrifugal shell 3314 in a high-speed rotating mode and finally fall onto the sealing plate 3321, meanwhile, the power motor 310 pulls the rotary ring 3323 to rotate through the power connecting member II 3340, the rotary ring 3323 rotates and pulls the seeds to synchronously rotate through the pushing plate 3324, and when the seeds rotate to the position of the discharging cylinder 3322, the seeds can fall into the seed storage shell 340 through the discharging cylinder 3322;

s6: after the seeds on the linear moving track of the moving vehicle body 100 are collected, the moving vehicle body 100 is reversed, and finally the whole equipment is turned around by one hundred eighty degrees, so that the equipment moves towards the direction of the adjacent seeds to be collected, the moving distance is equal to the width of the gathering and conveying member 2110, and then the moving vehicle body 100 continues to move linearly and collects the seeds, and the operation is repeated in this way.

Automatic dust removal collecting equipment of seed, it is including advancing automobile body 100, seed collection device 200, seed dust collector 300, and seed collection device 200 all installs on advancing automobile body 100 with seed dust collector 300, it is used for being carried out the straight line by user's manual control and moves forward backward and turn to etc. to advance automobile body 100, seed collection device 200 is used for gathering together the collection and carrying the seed to seed dust collector 300 in following advancing automobile body 100 rectilinear movement in-process to the seed, seed dust collector 300 is used for carrying out impurity removal such as garrulous rice leaf or dust to the seed.

The traveling vehicle body 100 includes a chassis 110, a traveling mechanism 120, and a driving mechanism 130, wherein the chassis 110 is a horizontally arranged rectangular plate structure, the traveling mechanism 120 and the driving mechanism 130 are both mounted on the chassis 110, the traveling mechanism 120 is used for being manually operated by a user and performing linear forward and backward movement, steering and other actions, and the driving mechanism 130 is used for providing power for the traveling mechanism 120.

The traveling mechanism 120 includes four traveling members, which are provided at four corners of the chassis 110.

The traveling member comprises a steering shaft 121, an axle 123 and a tire 124, the steering shaft 121 is vertically movably mounted on the chassis 110 and can rotate around the axial direction of the steering shaft, the top end of the steering shaft 121 is located above the chassis 110, the bottom end of the steering shaft 121 penetrates through the chassis 110 and is located below the chassis 110, and a movable support 122 is fixedly arranged at the bottom end of the steering shaft 121.

The axle 123 is horizontally movably mounted on the movable bracket 122 and can rotate around the axial direction of the axle, and the tire 124 is coaxially fixed outside the axle 123.

The travelling component further comprises a driving shaft 125 and an intermediate shaft 126, a mounting hole penetrating through the axial thickness of the steering shaft 121 is formed in the end face of the steering shaft 121, the driving shaft 125 is coaxially and movably mounted in the mounting hole through a bearing, the top end of the driving shaft 125 is located above the top end of the steering shaft 121, the bottom end of the driving shaft 125 is located below the bottom end of the steering shaft 121, the axial direction of the intermediate shaft 126 is parallel to the axial direction of the axle 123, the intermediate shaft 126 is located between the axle 123 and the bottom end of the driving shaft 125, and the intermediate shaft 126 is movably mounted on the movable support 122 and.

A first power transmission assembly 127 is arranged between the bottom end of the driving shaft 125 and the intermediate shaft 126, and power connection transmission is performed between the bottom end of the driving shaft 125 and the intermediate shaft through the first power transmission assembly 127, specifically, the first power transmission assembly 127 is a bevel gear transmission structure.

A second power transmission assembly 128 is arranged between the intermediate shaft 126 and the axle 123 and is in power connection transmission with the second power transmission assembly 128, specifically, the second power transmission assembly 128 is in a belt transmission structure, and preferably, two sets of the second power transmission assemblies 128 are arranged and are respectively located at one end of the axle 123.

The linear forward and backward movement process of the moving mechanism 120 is specifically represented as follows: the driving shaft 125 rotates and draws the axle 123/tire 124 to rotate through the first power transmission assembly 127, the intermediate shaft 126 and the second power transmission assembly 128, so that the traveling mechanism 120 advances or retreats in a linear direction;

the steering process of the traveling mechanism 120 is specifically represented as: the steering shaft 121 is rotated ninety degrees, then the driving shaft 125 is rotated and the traveling mechanism 120 is operated, when the moving displacement of the traveling mechanism 120 is equal to the width of the seed collecting device 200, the driving shaft 125 stops rotating and the steering shaft 121 continues to rotate ninety degrees, at which time, the whole translation of the device along the width direction of the seed collecting device 200 is completed; in addition, the whole one-hundred-eighty degree steering of the device can be realized by controlling the rotation angle of the steering shaft 121, the steering process is consistent with the turning process of the vehicle in the prior art, and detailed description is omitted here.

The driving mechanism 130 comprises a driving motor 131 and a steering motor 133, the driving motor 131 and the steering motor 133 are vertically and fixedly mounted on the lower end surface of the chassis 110, and power output ends of the driving motor 131 and the steering motor 133 penetrate through the chassis 110 and are located above the chassis 110.

A first power transmission member 132 is arranged between the power output end of the driving motor 131 and the top ends of the driving shafts 125 of the four sets of traveling members, and the five members are connected and transmitted through the first power transmission member 132, specifically, the first power transmission member 132 is a belt transmission structure.

A second power transmission member 134 is arranged between the power output end of the steering motor 133 and the top ends of the steering shafts 121 of the four sets of traveling members, and the five members are connected and transmitted through the second power transmission member 134, specifically, the second power transmission member 134 is a belt transmission structure.

The driving motor 131 operates and can pull the driving shaft 125 to rotate around the self axial direction through the first power transmission component 132, and the steering motor 133 operates and can pull the steering shaft 121 to rotate around the self axial direction through the second power transmission component 134.

The seed collection device 200 comprises a gathering and conveying mechanism 210 and a seed pushing mechanism 220, the gathering and conveying mechanism 210 is used for gathering seeds and conveying the seeds to the seed dust removal device 300 in the process of linearly advancing and retreating along with the advancing vehicle body 100, and the seed pushing mechanism 220 is used for assisting in pushing the seeds to a conveying component of the gathering and conveying mechanism 210.

The gathering and conveying mechanism 210 comprises a gathering and conveying member 2110 and a first collision member 2120, the gathering and conveying member 2110 is used for gathering seeds and conveying the seeds into the seed dust removing device 300 in the process of linearly advancing and retreating along with the advancing vehicle body 100, and the first collision member 2120 is used for enabling the gathering part of the gathering and conveying member 2110 to cling to the ground.

The gathering and conveying member 2110 comprises fixing brackets 2111, an installation shell 2112, a conveying assembly 2113 and a conveying motor 2114, wherein the fixing brackets 2111 are fixedly installed on the chassis 110, two groups of fixing brackets 2111 are arranged, and the distance direction between the two groups of fixing brackets 2111 is parallel to the axial direction of the axle 123 in a linear moving state.

The installation housing 2112 includes a bottom plate and vertical plates, the bottom plate is obliquely arranged, the extending direction of the horizontal projection of the bottom plate on the ground is parallel to the linear moving direction of the traveling vehicle body 100, the vertical plates are fixedly arranged on the upper inclined plane of the bottom plate and are vertically arranged between the two, the vertical plates are provided with two groups and are respectively positioned on one side of the bottom plate along the width direction of the vertical plates, the installation housing 2112 is arranged between the two groups of fixing brackets 2111, the width direction of the bottom plate of the installation housing 2112 is parallel to the distance direction between the two groups of fixing brackets 2111, the installation housing 2112 is hinged with the two groups of fixing brackets 2111, the axial direction of a hinge shaft formed at the hinged position between the installation housing 2112 and the fixing brackets 2111 is parallel to the axial direction of the axle 123 in the linear moving state, and the bottom.

The bottom ends of the two groups of vertical plates of the installation shell 2112 are respectively extended with a gathering plate 2116, the large surface of the gathering plate 2116 is perpendicular to the ground, an included angle is formed between the gathering plate 2116 and the vertical plates, the distance between the two groups of gathering plates 2116 decreases progressively along the projection extension direction of the installation shell 2112 on the ground and the direction from far away from the installation shell 2112 to near the installation shell 2112, and the bottom of the gathering plate 2116 is tightly attached to the ground.

The bottom ends of the two groups of vertical plates of the installation shell 2112 are also fixedly arranged on a guide plate 2115, the guide plate 2115 is obliquely arranged, and the large surface of the guide plate 2115 is parallel to the large surface of the bottom plate of the installation shell 2112.

The conveying component 2113 comprises a driving roller, a driven roller and a conveying belt, the axial directions of the driving roller and the driven roller are parallel to the distance direction between the two sets of fixing supports 2111, the driving roller and the driven roller are movably mounted between the two sets of vertical plates of the mounting shell 2112 and can rotate around the axial direction of the driving roller and the driven roller, the driven roller is located under the guide plate 2115, the driving roller is located at the top end of the vertical plate, and the conveying belt is arranged between the driving roller and the driven roller.

The conveying motor 2114 is fixedly arranged on the vertical plate, and the power output end of the conveying motor 2114 is coaxially and fixedly connected with the driving roller.

In the process that the gathering and conveying member 2110 moves linearly along with the traveling vehicle body 100, the gathering plate 2116 gathers seeds on the linear track to the position near the guide plate 2115, meanwhile, the seed pushing mechanism 220 operates and pushes the seeds to the feeding end of the conveying assembly 2113 through the guide plate 2115, meanwhile, the conveying motor 2114 operates and drives the conveying assembly 2113 to operate, and the conveying assembly 2113 operates and pulls the seeds to be conveyed towards the direction of the discharging end of the conveying assembly.

The first interference members 2120 are provided with two sets and are respectively located on one side of the mounting housing 2112 along the extending direction thereof, and each first interference member 2120 includes a fixing plate 2121, a fixing cover 2122 and a guide rod 2123.

The big surface of the fixing plate 2121 is parallel to the big surface of the vertical plate of the installation housing 2112, the fixing plate 2121 is fixedly installed on the portion of the vertical plate above the fixing bracket 2111, a guide hole with an initial guide direction perpendicular to the ground is further formed in the fixing plate 2121, the fixing cover 2122 is a circular cylinder structure with one open end and one closed end, the initial axial direction of the fixing cover 2122 is parallel to the ground and perpendicular to the distance direction between the two sets of transition brackets 2111, the fixing cover 2122 is fixedly installed on the fixing bracket 2111, the open end of the fixing cover 2122 faces the fixing plate 2121, and a built-in step is further arranged at the open end of the fixing cover 2122.

The guide rod 2123 and the fixing cover 2122 are coaxially arranged, one end of the guide rod 2123 is located in the fixing cover 2122, and a slider 2124 having a circular block structure is coaxially disposed at the end, a sliding guiding fit is formed between the slider 2124 and the fixing cover 2122, the other end of the guide rod 2123 is located outside the fixing cover 2122, and a linkage block 2125 is disposed at the end, a linkage protrusion is disposed on a side surface of the linkage block 2125 facing the fixing plate 2121, a free end of the linkage protrusion is located in a guide hole disposed on the fixing plate 2121, and a sliding guiding fit is formed between the free end and the guide hole.

The guide rod 2123 is sleeved outside the portion between the slider 2124 and the open end of the fixed housing 2122 with a first abutting spring 2126, and the slider 2124 and the guide rod 2123 are driven by the elastic force of the first abutting spring 2126 to move close to the closed end of the fixed housing 2122.

A buffer spring 2127 is provided inside a portion of the fixed cover 2122 between the bottom of the fixed cover and the slider 2124, and the slider 2124 and the guide rod 2123 are driven by the elastic force of the buffer spring 2127 to move away from the closed end of the fixed cover 2122.

In the process of gathering and collecting seeds by the gathering and conveying member 2110, because of the protrusion on the ground, the gathering plate 2116 of the gathering and conveying member 2110 will deflect away from the ground and make the first abutment spring 2126 in a compressed state, and after the gathering and conveying member 2110 passes through the protrusion, the elastic force of the first abutment spring 2126 will make the gathering and conveying member 2110 restore to the original state that the gathering plate 2116 clings to the ground.

The seed pushing mechanism 220 is arranged in an area between the two groups of gathering plates 2116, the seed pushing mechanism 220 comprises a seed pushing member and a second abutting member, the seed pushing member is used for pushing seeds gathered in the area between the two groups of gathering plates 2116 to the feeding end of the conveying assembly 2113, and the second abutting member is used for enabling the seed pushing member to cling to the ground.

The seed pushing component comprises a mounting plate 221, a rotating shaft 222, pushing blades 223 and a pushing motor 224, wherein the large surface of the mounting plate 221 is parallel to the large surface of the vertical plate of the mounting shell 2112, one end of the mounting plate 221 is hinged to the vertical plate of the mounting shell 2112, the other end of the mounting plate is located right above the gathering plate 2116, a hinge shaft formed by the hinged position between the mounting plate 221 and the vertical plate of the mounting shell 2112 is axially parallel to the distance direction between the two groups of fixing supports 2111, and the mounting plate 221 is provided with two groups and is respectively located on one side of the mounting shell 2112 in the extending direction of the mounting shell 2112.

The axial direction of the rotating shaft 222 is parallel to the distance direction between the two groups of fixing brackets 2111, the rotating shaft 222 is movably arranged between the two groups of mounting plates 221 and can rotate around the self axial direction, the pushing blades 223 are arranged outside the rotating shaft 222, a plurality of groups of pushing blades 223 are arranged in an array mode along the circumferential direction of the rotating shaft 222, the pushing blades 223 are made of soft materials such as rubber, and the distance between the rotating shaft 222 and the ground is smaller than the width of the pushing blades 223.

The pushing motor 224 is fixedly mounted on the mounting plate 221, and a power output end of the pushing motor 224 is coaxially and fixedly connected with the rotating shaft 222.

The pushing motor 224 operates and drives the rotating shaft 222 and the pushing blade 223 to rotate, so that the seeds gathered in the area between the two sets of gathering plates 2116 are pushed to the feeding end of the conveying assembly 2113 along the upper inclined surface of the guide plate 2115.

The second abutting members are provided with two groups and are respectively positioned on one side of the installation shell 2112 along the extending direction of the second abutting members, each second abutting member comprises a first connecting block 225, a second connecting block 226 and a sliding rod 227, the first connecting block 225 is hinged to the installation plate 221, a hinge shaft formed by the hinged position between the first connecting block 225 and the installation plate 221 is axially parallel to the distance direction between the two groups of fixing supports 2111, the second connecting block 226 is positioned on one side of the first connecting block 225 facing the traveling vehicle body 100, the second connecting block 226 is hinged to the vertical plate of the installation shell 2112, and a hinge shaft formed by the hinged position between the second connecting block 226 and the vertical plate of the installation shell 2112 is axially parallel to the distance direction between the two groups of.

The initial extending direction of the sliding rod 227 is parallel to the ground and the vertical board large surface of the mounting housing 2112, one end of the sliding rod 227 is fixedly connected with the first connecting block 225, the other end of the sliding rod 227 penetrates through the second connecting block 226 and is positioned on one side, facing the traveling vehicle body 100, of the second connecting block 226, and the sliding guide fit is formed between the sliding rod 227 and the second connecting block 226.

The part of the sliding rod 227 between the first connecting block 225 and the second connecting block 226 is externally sleeved with a second abutting spring 228, and the elastic force of the second abutting spring 228 drives the first connecting block 225 to move away from the second connecting block 226.

In the process that the seed pushing member passes through the protrusion of the ground, the whole seed pushing member can deflect upwards, so that the first connecting block 225 moves close to the second connecting block 226 and the second abutting spring 228 is in a compressed state, after the seed pushing member passes through the protrusion of the ground, the elastic force of the second abutting spring 228 can enable the first connecting block 225 to move away from the second connecting block 226, and then the seed pushing member is restored to the original state of being tightly attached to the ground.

The complete process of the seed collecting device 200 cooperating with the traveling vehicle body 100 and collecting the seeds is embodied as follows:

in the process that the gathering and conveying member 2110 moves linearly along with the traveling vehicle body 100, the gathering plates 2116 gather seeds on the linear track to the positions near the guide plates 2115, meanwhile, the pushing motor 224 operates and drives the rotating shaft 222 and the pushing blades 223 to rotate, so that the seeds gathered to the area between the two sets of gathering plates 2116 are pushed to the feeding end of the conveying assembly 2113 along the upper inclined plane of the guide plates 2115, meanwhile, the conveying motor 2114 operates and drives the conveying assembly 2113 to operate, the conveying assembly 2113 operates and pulls the seeds to be conveyed towards the discharging end of the conveying assembly, and the seeds are finally conveyed into the seed dust removal device 300;

after the seeds on the linear moving track of the moving vehicle body 100 are collected, the moving vehicle body 100 is reversed, and finally the whole equipment is turned around by one hundred eighty degrees, so that the equipment moves towards the direction of the adjacent seeds to be collected, the moving distance is equal to the width of the gathering and conveying member 2110, and then the moving vehicle body 100 continues to move linearly and collects the seeds, and the operation is repeated in this way.

In the process, the first or second abutting members can enable the gathering and conveying member 2110/seed pushing member to be always tightly attached to the ground.

Seed dust collector 300 include the stake body, motor power 310, dust removal casing 320, seed dust removal mechanism 330, seed storage shell 340, stake body fixed mounting is in the up end of chassis 110, seed storage shell 340 fixed mounting is in the up end of chassis 110 and seed storage shell 340 is upper end opening, lower extreme confined rectangle shell structure, seed dust removal mechanism 330 is used for receiving the seed of carrying through transport assembly 2113 and carries out impurity separation such as garrulous rice leaf dust to it, seed storage shell 340 is used for receiving the seed after the dust removal finishes, motor power 310 is used for providing power for the operation of seed dust removal mechanism 330.

The dust removing shell 320 is a cylindrical shell structure with openings at the upper end and the lower end, the dust removing shell 320 is fixedly installed on the support body, the upper opening end of the dust removing shell 320 is provided with a fixed end cover 321, the fixed end cover 321 is a truncated cone-shaped shell structure with openings at the upper end and the lower end, the upper opening end of the fixed end cover 321 is smaller than the lower opening end, the lower opening end of the fixed end cover 321 is coaxially and fixedly connected with the upper opening end of the dust removing shell 320, and the upper opening end of the fixed end cover 321 is connected with the dust removing.

An isolation housing 323 is arranged in the dust removing housing 321, the isolation housing 323 is a circular shell structure which is arranged coaxially with the dust removing housing 321 and has openings at the upper and lower ends, a support frame is arranged between the outer circular surface of the isolation housing 323 and the inner wall of the dust removing housing 321, and the isolation housing 323 is coaxially and fixedly installed in the dust removing housing 321 through the support frame.

A bearing plate is fixedly arranged between the two groups of fixing brackets 2111, the axial direction of the output shaft of the power motor 310 is vertical to the ground, and the power motor 310 is fixedly arranged on the bearing plate.

The seed dust removing mechanism 330 includes a transportation dust removing member 3310, a seed guiding member 3320, a first power connecting member 3330, and a second power connecting member 3340, wherein the transportation dust removing member 3310 is configured to receive the seeds conveyed by the conveying assembly 2113, convey the seeds into the seed guiding member 3320, and remove dust from the seeds during the seed conveying process, the seed guiding member 3320 is configured to receive the seeds after the dust removal and convey the seeds into the seed storage housing 340, the first power connecting member 3330 is configured to connect the transportation dust removing member 3310 with the power motor 310, and the second power connecting member 3340 is configured to connect the seed guiding member 3320 with the power motor 310.

The transporting and dedusting component 3310 comprises a feeding shell 3311, a transporting cylinder shell 3312, a centrifugal component, a fan 3315 and an auger 3317, wherein the transporting cylinder shell 3312 is a cylindrical shell structure which is axially vertical to the ground, the lower end of the transporting cylinder shell 3312 is closed, the upper end of the transporting cylinder shell 3312 is opened, the transporting cylinder shell 3312 is fixedly arranged on a support body, and the upper opening end of the transporting cylinder shell 3312 is coaxially positioned in the isolating shell 323.

The feeding shell 3311 is a shell structure with openings at the upper and lower ends and the feeding shell 3311 is fixedly arranged on the bracket body, the upper opening end of the feeding shell 3311 is positioned under the discharge end of the conveying component 2113, the lower opening end of the feeding shell 3311 is connected with the conveying cylinder 3312, the connection between the lower opening end of the feeding shell 3311 and the conveying cylinder 3312 is close to the lower closed end of the conveying cylinder 3312, the feeding shell 3311 is obliquely arranged along the cavity wall in the distance direction between the discharge end of the conveying component 2113 and the conveying cylinder 3312, and the oblique cavity wall in the feeding shell 3311 is used for guiding seeds to the conveying cylinder 3312.

The centrifugal component includes a centrifugal shaft 3312 and a centrifugal casing 3314, the centrifugal shaft 3312 is a circular ring shaft structure, the centrifugal shaft 3312 is coaxially installed outside the transportation barrel casing 3312 through a bearing, the top end of the centrifugal shaft 3312 and the upper opening end of the transportation barrel casing 3312 are located in the same horizontal plane, and the fan 3315 is coaxially fixed outside the centrifugal shaft 3312.

The centrifugal shell 3314 is a truncated cone-shaped shell structure with an open upper end, a closed lower end and a smaller closed lower end than the open upper end, the closed lower end of the centrifugal shell 3314 is coaxially and fixedly connected with the top end of the centrifugal shaft 3312, the closed lower end of the centrifugal shell 3314 is further provided with a through hole penetrating through the axial thickness of the centrifugal shell 3314, the through hole is communicated with the open upper end of the transport cylinder 3312, the open upper end of the centrifugal shell 3314 is positioned right above the open upper end of the isolation housing 323, the open upper end of the isolation housing 323 is close to the outer circumferential surface of the centrifugal shell 3314, and an air inlet area is an area between the open upper end and the outer circumferential surface.

The wall of the centrifugal housing 3314 is provided with a plurality of groups of traction plates 3316 extending in a direction parallel to the inclined direction of the outer circular surface of the centrifugal housing 3314, and the traction plates 3316 are arranged in an array along the circumferential direction of the centrifugal housing 3314.

The packing auger 3317 is coaxially and movably mounted in the transport housing 3312 and is rotatable about its own axis, and the bottom end of the packing auger 3317 passes through the lower closed end of the transport housing 3312 and is located just below the transport housing 3312, and the top end of the packing auger 3317 passes through the upper open end of the transport housing 3312 and is located in the centrifuge housing 3314.

The seeds are conveyed into the feeding shell 3311 by the conveying component 2113 and guided by the inclined cavity wall of the feeding shell 3311 to slide down into the conveying cylinder 3312, meanwhile, the power motor 310 pulls the screw 3317 to rotate at a low speed and the centrifugal shaft 3313 to rotate at a high speed by the power connecting member 3330, the screw 3317 rotates and pulls the seeds into the centrifugal housing 3314, the centrifugal shaft 3313 rotates and pulls the fan 3315 and the centrifugal housing 3314 to rotate at a high speed synchronously, the centrifugal housing 3314 rotates at a high speed and leads the seeds to be thrown out into the dust-removing shell 320 by the pulling plate 3316 and finally fall into the seed guiding member 3320 by the centrifugal throwing principle, in the seed throwing-out process, wind generated by the rotation of the fan 3315 blows towards the seeds through the wind inlet area, so that impurities such as crushed rice leaf dust in the seeds can be blown out by wind through the fixed end cap 321 and the dust exhaust pipe 322.

The first power connecting component 3330 comprises a vertical shaft 3334, the vertical shaft 3334 is vertically movably mounted on the main frame and can rotate around the axial direction of the vertical shaft 3334, a first power connecting component 3331 is arranged between the power output end of the power motor 310 and the centrifugal shaft 3313, and power connection and transmission are carried out between the centrifugal shaft 3313 and the vertical shaft 3334 through the first power connecting component 3331, a second power connecting component 3332 is arranged between the centrifugal shaft 3313 and the vertical shaft 3334, power connection and transmission are carried out between the centrifugal shaft 3313 and the vertical shaft 3332 through the second power connecting component 3332, a third power connecting component 3333 is arranged between the vertical shaft 3334 and the bottom end of the screw conveyer 3317, and power connection and transmission are carried out between the vertical shaft 3333 through the third power connecting component 3333.

The power motor 310 runs and pulls the centrifugal shaft 3313 to rotate at a high speed through the power connection assembly I3331, the centrifugal shaft 3313 rotates and pulls the auger 3317 to rotate at a low speed through the power connection assembly II 3332, the vertical shaft 3334 and the power connection assembly III 3333.

The seed guide member 3320 comprises a sealing plate 3321 and a rotating ring 3323, the rotating ring 3323 comprises an inner ring and an outer ring, the inner ring is coaxially fixed outside the isolation housing 323, the lower end surface of the inner ring is positioned below the lower opening end of the isolation housing 323, the outer ring is coaxially arranged outside the inner ring in a surrounding manner, a push plate 3324 is arranged between the outer ring and the inner ring, the outer ring and the inner ring are fixedly connected through the push plate 3324, and the push plate 3324 is arranged in a plurality of groups along the circumferential direction of the inner ring in an array manner.

The sealing plate 3321 is a circular plate structure coaxially arranged with the dust removing shell 320, the sealing plate 3321 is arranged between the lower end face of the inner ring and the wall of the dust removing shell 320 and is used for sealing an area between the lower end face and the wall of the dust removing shell 320, a discharge cylinder 3322 is vertically arranged on the lower end face of the part of the sealing plate 3321 right above the seed storage shell 340, and the discharge cylinder 3322 is communicated with the inner cavity of the dust removing shell 320.

The seed finally drops to the closing plate 3321 in the high-speed centrifugation of rotating of centrifugal shell 3314 throws out to the dust removal casing 320 on, simultaneously, power motor 310 pulls the circle 3323 through two 3340 power connecting members and rotates, and circle 3323 rotates and pulls the synchronous rotation of seed through push plate 3324, and when the seed rotated to play feed cylinder 3322 position, the seed can be through going out feed cylinder 3322 and drop to the seed and storing in the shell 340 downwards.

The inner ring of the sealing plate 3321 is extended with a supporting plate facing the axial center line direction of the dust removing housing 320, and the second power connecting member 3340 comprises a gear shaft which is vertically and movably arranged on the supporting plate and can rotate around the axial direction of the gear shaft.

Power motor 310 power take off end and gear shaft between be provided with power coupling assembling four 3341 and carry out the power connection transmission through power coupling assembling four 3341 between the two, be provided with power coupling assembling five 3342 between gear shaft and the circle 3323 and carry out the power connection transmission through power coupling assembling five 3342 between the two, it is specific, power coupling assembling four 3341 is the belt transmission structure, power coupling assembling five 3342 is the gear ring transmission structure.

The complete operation process of the seed dust removing device 300 is specifically as follows:

the seeds are transported into the feed housing 3311 by the transport assembly 2113 and are guided by the sloped chamber walls of the feed housing 3311 to slide down into the transport housing 3312;

the power motor 310 pulls the packing auger 3317 to rotate at a low speed and the centrifugal shaft 3313 to rotate at a high speed through the power connection member I3330, the packing auger 3317 rotates and pulls the seeds into the centrifugal housing 3314, the centrifugal shaft 3313 rotates and pulls the fan 3315 and the centrifugal housing 3314 to rotate at a high speed synchronously, the centrifugal housing 3314 rotates at a high speed and leads the seeds to be thrown out into the dust removing housing 320 through the pulling plate 3316 and finally fall onto the sealing plate 3321 according to the centrifugal throwing principle, in the seed throwing process, wind generated by the rotation of the fan 3315 blows towards the seeds through an air inlet area, so that impurities such as broken rice leaf dust in the seeds can be blown out through the fixed end cover 321 and the dust exhaust pipeline 322 by wind;

the power motor 310 pulls the rotary ring 3323 to rotate through the second power connecting member 3340, the rotary ring 3323 rotates and pulls the seeds to synchronously rotate through the pushing plate 3324, and when the seeds rotate to the position of the discharging cylinder 3322, the seeds can fall downwards into the seed storage shell 340 through the discharging cylinder 3322.

Claims

1. The method for quickly collecting, separating and removing impurities of seeds after airing or drying and dehydration comprises the following steps:

gathering and collecting;

s2: the seed pushing mechanism operates;

the seed pushing mechanism comprises a seed pushing component and a second abutting component, the seed pushing component comprises a mounting plate and a rotating shaft, the large surface of the mounting plate is parallel to the large surface of the vertical plate of the mounting shell, one end of the mounting plate is hinged to the vertical plate of the mounting shell, the other end of the mounting plate is positioned right above the gathering plate, the mounting plate is provided with two groups and is respectively positioned on one side of the mounting shell along the extending direction of the mounting shell, the axial direction of the rotating shaft is parallel to the distance direction between the two groups of fixing supports, the rotating shaft is movably mounted between the two groups of mounting plates and can rotate around the axial direction of the rotating shaft, the pushing blades are arranged outside the rotating shaft and are arranged in a plurality of groups along the circumferential direction of the rotating shaft in an array mode, the pushing blades are made of rubber, the distance between the rotating shaft and the ground is smaller than the width of;

(II) dust removal storage stage;

the seeds are conveyed into the feeding shell through the conveying assembly and are guided to slide into the conveying cylinder shell through the inclined cavity wall of the feeding shell, meanwhile, the power motor pulls the packing auger to rotate at a low speed through the power connecting component I, the centrifugal shaft rotates at a high speed, the packing auger rotates and pulls the seeds into the centrifugal housing, the centrifugal shaft rotates and pulls the fan and the centrifugal shell to synchronously rotate at a high speed, the centrifugal housing rotates at a high speed and leads the seeds to be thrown out into the dust removing shell through the guiding of the traction plate according to the centrifugal throwing principle, in the seed throwing-out process, wind generated by the rotation of the fan blows towards the seeds through the air inlet area, and therefore broken rice leaf dust in the seeds can be blown out by wind power through the fixed end cover and;

2. The method for rapidly collecting, separating and decontaminating the seeds after airing or drying and dehydrating as claimed in claim 1, wherein the traveling vehicle body comprises a chassis, a traveling mechanism and a driving mechanism, the chassis is a horizontally arranged rectangular plate structure, the traveling mechanism and the driving mechanism are both mounted on the chassis, the traveling mechanism is used for being manually controlled by a user and performing linear advancing, retreating and steering actions, and the driving mechanism is used for providing power for the traveling mechanism to operate;

the travelling mechanism comprises travelling members, and the travelling members are provided with four groups and are respectively positioned at four corners of the chassis;

the travelling component comprises a steering shaft, an axle and a tire, the steering shaft is vertically and movably arranged on the chassis and can rotate around the axial direction of the steering shaft, the top end of the steering shaft is positioned above the chassis, the bottom end of the steering shaft penetrates through the chassis and is positioned below the chassis, and a movable support is fixedly arranged at the bottom end of the steering shaft;

the axle is horizontally and movably arranged on the movable support and can rotate around the axial direction of the axle, and the tire is coaxially fixed outside the axle;

the travelling component further comprises a driving shaft and an intermediate shaft, wherein an installation hole penetrating through the axial thickness of the steering shaft is formed in the end face of the steering shaft, the driving shaft is coaxially and movably installed in the installation hole through a bearing, the top end of the driving shaft is located above the top end of the steering shaft, the bottom end of the driving shaft is located below the bottom end of the steering shaft, the axial direction of the intermediate shaft is parallel to the axial direction of the axle, the intermediate shaft is located between the axle and the bottom end of the driving shaft, and the intermediate shaft is movably installed on the movable support;

a power transmission assembly is arranged between the bottom end of the driving shaft and the intermediate shaft, and the power transmission assembly and the intermediate shaft are connected and transmitted through a power transmission assembly I, wherein the power transmission assembly I is of a bevel gear transmission structure;

and a second power transmission assembly is arranged between the intermediate shaft and the axle and is in power connection transmission through the second power transmission assembly, the second power transmission assembly is in a belt transmission structure, and the second power transmission assembly is provided with two groups and is respectively positioned at one end of the axle.

3. The method of claim 2, wherein the driving mechanism comprises a driving motor and a steering motor, the driving motor and the steering motor are vertically and fixedly mounted on the lower end surface of the base plate, and the power output ends of the driving motor and the steering motor penetrate through the base plate and are located above the base plate;

a first power transmission component is arranged between the power output end of the driving motor and the top ends of the driving shafts of the four groups of travelling components, and power is connected and transmitted between the first power transmission component and the fifth power transmission component through the first power transmission component, wherein the first power transmission component is of a belt transmission structure;

and a second power transmission component is arranged between the power output end of the steering motor and the top ends of the steering shafts of the four groups of advancing components, and the five power transmission components are connected and transmitted through the second power transmission component, and the second power transmission component is of a belt transmission structure.

4. The method for rapidly collecting, separating and decontaminating the seeds after airing or drying and dehydrating as claimed in claim 2, wherein an axial direction of a hinge shaft formed at a hinge joint between the mounting housing and the fixed bracket is parallel to an axial direction of the axle in a linear moving state;

the conveying assembly comprises a driving roller, a driven roller and a conveying belt, the axial directions of the driving roller and the driven roller are parallel to the distance direction between the two sets of fixing supports, the driving roller and the driven roller are movably mounted between the two sets of vertical plates of the mounting shell and can rotate around the axial direction of the driving roller and the driven roller, the driven roller is located under the guide plate, the driving roller is located at the top end of the vertical plate, and the conveying belt is arranged between the driving roller and the driven roller.

5. The method for rapidly collecting, separating and decontaminating seeds after sun-drying or oven-drying and dewatering as claimed in claim 4, wherein two sets of first abutting members are provided and are respectively located on one side of the mounting housing along the extension direction of the first abutting members, and the first abutting members comprise a fixing plate, a fixing housing and a guide rod;

the large surface of the fixing plate is parallel to the large surface of the vertical plate of the mounting shell, the fixing plate is fixedly mounted on the part, above the fixing support, of the vertical plate, a guide hole with an initial guide direction perpendicular to the ground is further formed in the fixing plate, the fixing housing is of a circular cylinder structure with an opening end and a closed end, the initial axial direction of the fixing housing is parallel to the ground and perpendicular to the distance direction between the two sets of transition supports, the fixing housing is fixedly mounted on the fixing support, the opening end of the fixing housing faces the fixing plate, and a built-in step is further arranged at the opening end of the fixing housing;

the guide rod and the fixed housing are coaxially arranged, one end of the guide rod is positioned in the fixed housing and is coaxially provided with a sliding block in a round block structure, the sliding block and the fixed housing form sliding guide fit, the other end of the guide rod is positioned outside the fixed housing and is provided with a linkage block, the side surface of the linkage block facing the fixed plate is provided with a linkage bulge, the free end of the linkage bulge is positioned in a guide hole formed in the fixed plate, and the free end of the linkage bulge and the guide hole form sliding guide fit;

the part of the guide rod, which is positioned between the sliding block and the opening end of the fixed housing, is externally sleeved with a first abutting spring, and the sliding block and the guide rod are driven to move close to the closed end of the fixed housing by the elastic force of the first abutting spring;

a buffer spring is arranged in the part, located between the cavity bottom of the fixed cover casing and the sliding block, of the fixed cover casing, and the sliding block and the guide rod are driven to move away from the closed end of the fixed cover casing by the elastic force of the buffer spring.

6. The method for rapidly collecting, separating and decontaminating seeds after sun-curing or drying and dehydrating as claimed in claim 5, wherein a hinge shaft formed at a hinge joint between the mounting plate and a vertical plate of the mounting housing is axially parallel to a distance direction between the two sets of fixing brackets;

the second contact member is provided with two groups and is respectively positioned on one side of the installation shell along the extending direction of the second contact member, the second contact member comprises a first connecting block, a second connecting block and a sliding rod, the first connecting block is hinged with the installation plate, the axial direction of a hinge shaft formed at the hinged position between the first connecting block and the installation plate is parallel to the distance direction between the two groups of fixed supports, the second connecting block is positioned on one side of the first connecting block facing the traveling vehicle body, the second connecting block is hinged with a vertical plate of the installation shell, and the axial direction of the hinge shaft formed at the hinged position between the second connecting block and the vertical plate of the installation shell is parallel to;

the initial extending direction of the sliding rod is parallel to the ground and the large surface of the vertical plate of the mounting shell, one end of the sliding rod is fixedly connected with the first connecting block, the other end of the sliding rod penetrates through the second connecting block and is positioned on one side, facing the travelling vehicle body, of the second connecting block, and sliding guide fit is formed between the sliding rod and the second connecting block;

the part of the sliding rod between the first connecting block and the second connecting block is externally sleeved with a second abutting spring, and the elastic force of the second abutting spring drives the first connecting block to move away from the second connecting block.

7. The method according to claim 4, wherein the fixed end cap is of a truncated cone-shaped shell structure with openings at the upper and lower ends and the opening at the upper end smaller than the opening at the lower end, the lower opening end of the fixed end cap is coaxially and fixedly connected with the upper opening end of the dust removal shell, and the upper opening end of the fixed end cap is connected with a dust removal pipeline;

and a bearing plate is fixedly arranged between the two groups of fixed supports, and the axial direction of an output shaft of the power motor is vertical to the ground and the power motor is fixedly arranged on the bearing plate.

8. The method of claim 7 for rapidly collecting, separating and decontaminating the seeds after drying or desiccation, the power connecting component I comprises a vertical shaft, the vertical shaft is vertically movably arranged on the main frame body and can rotate around the axial direction of the vertical shaft, a power connecting component II is arranged between the power output end of the power motor and the centrifugal shaft, the power connecting component II is connected and transmitted with the centrifugal shaft through the power connecting component I, a power connecting component III is arranged between the vertical shaft and the bottom end of the auger, and the power connecting component III is connected and transmitted with the auger through the power connecting component III, the first power connecting assembly is of a belt transmission structure, the second power connecting assembly is of a straight gear transmission structure, and the third power connecting assembly is of a speed reducing belt transmission structure.

9. The method of claim 8, wherein the inner ring of the sealing plate has a support plate extending in the direction of the axial center line of the dust-removing housing, and the power connection member further comprises a gear shaft vertically movably mounted on the support plate and axially rotatable around itself;

the power motor power take off end and gear shaft between be provided with power coupling assembling four and carry out power connection transmission through power coupling assembling four between the two, be provided with power coupling assembling five between gear shaft and the circle and carry out power connection transmission through power coupling assembling five between the two, power coupling assembling four is the belt drive structure, power coupling assembling five is gear ring transmission structure.