CN111307510A - Drilling mechanism for small celestial body star watch - Google Patents
Drilling mechanism for small celestial body star watch Download PDFInfo
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- CN111307510A CN111307510A CN202010305939.4A CN202010305939A CN111307510A CN 111307510 A CN111307510 A CN 111307510A CN 202010305939 A CN202010305939 A CN 202010305939A CN 111307510 A CN111307510 A CN 111307510A
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- drilling
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- small celestial
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N1/00—Sampling; Preparing specimens for investigation
- G01N1/02—Devices for withdrawing samples
- G01N1/04—Devices for withdrawing samples in the solid state, e.g. by cutting
- G01N1/08—Devices for withdrawing samples in the solid state, e.g. by cutting involving an extracting tool, e.g. core bit
Abstract
The invention relates to a drilling mechanism for a small celestial body star surface, which belongs to the technical field of aerospace deep space exploration and is used for carrying out automatic drilling and sample collection tasks on a small celestial body surface sample. A weak gravity star watch drilling mechanism for deep space exploration adopts ultrasonic drilling to drill, and can realize drilling with small feeding force and large hardness; and the samples are gathered together during drilling and after drilling to a specified depth, the sample collection container is closed. The protection points are as follows: the design scheme and the working principle of the weak gravity star watch drilling mechanism, the design of a grounding component and the design scheme of ultrasonic drilling and sample collection integration.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a drilling mechanism for a small celestial body star surface, which belongs to the technical field of aerospace deep space exploration and is used for carrying out automatic drilling and sample collection tasks on a small celestial body surface sample.
Background
In order to explore the mysterious secret, humans have performed a series of exploration activities on the outer space celestial body, in which sample sampling is one of the important exploration methods, and NASA, ESA, and JAXA have performed sample sampling exploration on small celestial bodies. The small celestial body detection is also studied in advance in China, wherein the research of a set of small celestial body automatic sampling mechanism principle prototype can realize in-situ drilling and sampling, sample transfer, sample measurement and sample heating on the surface of a small celestial body, but the mechanism has low efficiency in the drilling process, and particularly has the problems of low sample crushing efficiency, long drilling time and the like when a high-hardness sample is drilled.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical problem to be solved by the invention is as follows: the drilling mechanism is suitable for sampling samples with weak gravity and high hardness on the surface of the small celestial body, improves the drilling efficiency of the sampling mechanism, adopts ultrasonic drilling to drill, and collects the samples after the drilling is finished.
The technical solution of the invention is as follows:
a drilling mechanism for a small celestial body star watch comprises a driving assembly, a transmission assembly, an ultrasonic drill, a ground contact assembly, a shell and a sample collection assembly;
the shell is provided with a notch, the driving assembly, the transmission assembly and the ultrasonic drill are fixedly connected to the inner surface of the shell through the notch on the shell, the ground contact assembly is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the shell, the sample collection assembly is fixedly arranged at the top end of a fixed support of the ground contact assembly, the ground contact assembly is provided with a through hole, and a guide pipe of the sample collection assembly penetrates through the through hole of the ground contact assembly;
the driving assembly is used for driving the gear of the transmission assembly to rotate;
the transmission assembly comprises a gear, a bearing fixing seat and a ball screw, wherein a pair of angular contact bearings is installed inside the bearing fixing seat, the gear is installed at one end of the ball screw, the ball screw is fixedly installed through the bearing fixing seat, and when the gear rotates, the ball screw rotates relative to the bearing fixing seat, so that a screw nut on the ball screw is driven to move along the axial direction of the ball screw;
the ultrasonic drill is fixedly arranged on a screw nut on the ball screw, and can be driven to move up and down when the screw nut moves up and down;
the ultrasonic drill comprises an ultrasonic motor and a drill rod, wherein the drill rod is a spiral rod and simultaneously rotates in the drilling process, so that sample scraps formed in the drilling process can be taken out;
the ground contact assembly comprises a fixed support, a metal rubber pad, a bottom cover, a first copper sheet, an insulating pad, a spiral spring, a ball socket connecting piece, a ceramic ball, a limiting screw, a ball socket support frame and a second copper sheet;
the insulating pad is fixedly arranged on the inner surface of the fixed bracket;
the ball socket support frame is a hollow cylinder and is fixedly connected in the stepped hole (top end);
the ceramic ball is positioned in the step hole of the fixed support, the ball socket end of the ball socket connecting piece is in contact connection with the ceramic ball, the spiral spring is sleeved on the ball socket connecting piece, and the other end of the ball socket connecting piece is positioned in the ball socket supporting overhead cavity;
the fixed support is a cylinder with a step hole in the center, the diameter of one end (top end) of the step hole is larger than that of the ceramic ball, the diameter of the other end (bottom end) of the step hole is smaller than that of the ceramic ball, and the bottom cover is provided with a circular disc with a through hole; the limiting screw penetrates through the metal rubber pad to limit and connect the fixed support and the bottom cover; the ceramic ball passes through the through hole of the bottom cover;
the first copper sheet is fixedly arranged at the top end of the ball socket connecting piece;
the second copper sheet is fixedly arranged at the top end of the fixed bracket;
the sample collection assembly comprises an air inlet pipe, a container, an air outlet pipe, a guide pipe and a sample collection bag, wherein the air inlet pipe is communicated with the container, the air outlet pipe is communicated with the container, the guide pipe is communicated with the container, and the air outlet pipe is communicated with the sample collection bag;
a drill rod of the ultrasonic drill conveys the drilled sample into the container through a guide pipe;
before the grounding component touches the ground, the first copper sheet and the second copper sheet are in a communicated state, when the grounding component touches the ground, the first copper sheet and the second copper sheet are in a separated state, grounding information is sent out, the driving component is started to work, the transmission component drives the ultrasonic drill to start drilling work, sample scraps formed in the drilling process of the drill rod are brought into the container, after the drilling work is in place, the container is sealed by the drill rod, and gas is used for bringing the sample scraps in the container into the sample collecting bag through the gas inlet pipe and the gas outlet pipe;
the sample collection bag is of a tightly woven air permeable structure, and can exhaust air and filter sample scraps in the sample collection bag.
When the small celestial body star watch drilling mechanism works, the grounding component is contacted with the ground and gives a grounding signal; then the ultrasonic drill is driven by the driving assembly and the lead screw transmission assembly to complete drilling under small feeding force on the surface of the small celestial body, sample fragments are brought into the sample collection assembly in the drilling process, and the sample collection assembly is sealed when the drilling is in place; finally, the sample is brought into the storage bag through the gas flow collection assembly.
Advantageous effects
A weak-gravity star watch drilling mechanism is designed, and can drill a high-hardness sample under the weak gravity of the surface of a small celestial body and collect the sample. The method is widely applied to small celestial body detection tasks, and sample sampling and collection under weak gravity of the surfaces of small celestial bodies are carried out.
A weak gravity star watch drilling mechanism for deep space exploration adopts ultrasonic drilling to drill, and can realize drilling with small feeding force and large hardness; and the samples are gathered together during drilling and after drilling to a specified depth, the sample collection container is closed. The protection points are as follows: the design scheme and the working principle of the weak gravity star watch drilling mechanism, the design of a grounding component and the design scheme of ultrasonic drilling and sample collection integration.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a weak gravity star catalogue drilling mechanism for deep space exploration;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a lead screw drive assembly;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the touchdown assembly;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of a sample collection assembly;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of drill pipe and sample enclosure.
Detailed Description
The invention is further illustrated by the following figures and examples.
Examples
As shown in fig. 1-5, a drill mechanism for a small celestial star comprises a drive assembly 1, a transmission assembly 2, an ultrasonic drill 3, a ground contacting assembly 4, a housing 5, and a sample collection assembly 7, see fig. 1.
The shell 5 is provided with a notch, the driving component 1, the transmission component 2 and the ultrasonic drill 3 are fixedly connected to the inner surface of the shell 5 through the notch on the shell 5, the ground contact component 4 is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the shell 5, the sample collection component 7 is fixedly arranged at the top end of a fixed support 4-1 of the ground contact component 4, the ground contact component 4 is provided with a through hole, and a guide pipe 7-4 of the sample collection component 7 penetrates through the through hole of the ground contact component 4;
the driving component 1 is used for driving the gear 2-1 of the transmission component 2 to rotate;
the transmission assembly 2 is shown in figure 2 and comprises a gear 2-1, a bearing fixing seat 2-2 and a ball screw 2-3, wherein a pair of angular contact bearings are arranged inside the bearing fixing seat 2-2, the gear 2-1 is arranged at one end of the ball screw 2-3, the ball screw 2-3 is fixedly arranged through the bearing fixing seat 2-2, and when the gear 2-1 rotates, the ball screw 2-3 rotates relative to the bearing fixing seat 2-2, so that a screw nut on the ball screw 2-3 is driven to move along the axial direction of the ball screw 2-3;
the ultrasonic drill 3 is fixedly arranged on a screw nut on the ball screw 2-3, and the ultrasonic drill 3 can be driven to move up and down when the screw nut moves up and down;
the ultrasonic drill 3 comprises an ultrasonic motor and a drill rod, the drill rod 3-1 is a spiral rod, and rotates simultaneously in the drilling process, so that sample scraps formed in the drilling process can be taken out, as shown in fig. 5;
the ground contact assembly 4 comprises a fixing support 4-1, a metal rubber pad 4-2, a bottom cover 4-3, a first copper sheet 4-4, an insulating pad 4-5, a spiral spring 4-6, a ball socket connecting piece 4-7, a ceramic ball 4-8, a limiting screw 4-9, a ball socket support frame 4-10 and a second copper sheet 4-11;
the insulating pad 4-5 is fixedly arranged on the inner surface of the fixed support 4-1;
the ball socket support frame 4-10 is a hollow cylinder, and the ball socket support frame 4-10 is fixedly connected in a step hole (top end);
the ceramic ball 4-8 is positioned in a step hole of the fixed support 4-1, the ball socket end of the ball socket connecting piece 4-7 is in contact connection with the ceramic ball 4-8, the spiral spring 4-6 is sleeved on the ball socket connecting piece 4-7, and the other end of the ball socket connecting piece 4-7 is positioned in a cavity of the ball socket support frame 4-10;
the fixed support 4-1 is a cylinder with a step hole in the center, the diameter of one end (top end) of the step hole is larger than that of the ceramic ball 4-8, the diameter of the other end (bottom end) of the step hole is smaller than that of the ceramic ball 4-8, and the bottom cover 4-3 is a disk with a through hole; the limiting screw 4-9 penetrates through the metal rubber pad 4-2 to limit and connect the fixing support 4-1 and the bottom cover 4-3; the ceramic ball 4-8 penetrates through the through hole of the bottom cover 4-3;
the first copper sheet 4-4 is fixedly arranged at the top end of the ball socket connecting piece 4-7;
the second copper sheet 4-11 is fixedly arranged at the top end of the fixed bracket 4-1;
the sample collection assembly 7 comprises an air inlet pipe 7-1, a container 7-2, an air outlet pipe 7-3, a guide pipe 7-4 and a sample collection bag 7-5, the air inlet pipe 7-1 is communicated with the container 7-2, the air outlet pipe 7-3 is communicated with the container 7-2, the guide pipe 7-4 is communicated with the container 7-2, and the air outlet pipe 7-3 is communicated with the sample collection bag 7-5;
a drill rod 3-1 of the ultrasonic drill 3 conveys a drilled sample into a container 7-2 through a guide pipe 7-4;
before the grounding component 4 touches the ground, the first copper sheet 4-4 and the second copper sheet 4-11 are in a communicated state, when the grounding component 4 touches the ground, the first copper sheet 4-4 and the second copper sheet 4-11 are in a separated state, grounding information is sent out, the driving component 1 is started to work, the ultrasonic drill 3 is driven by the transmission component 2 to start drilling work, sample scraps formed in the drilling process of the drill rod are brought into the container 7-2, after the drilling work is in place, the container 7-2 is sealed by the drill rod 3-1, and gas brings the sample scraps in the container 7-2 into the sample collecting bag 7-5 through the gas inlet pipe 7-1 and the gas outlet pipe 7-3;
the sample collection bag 7-5 is a tightly woven gas permeable structure that allows for venting of gases and filtering of sample debris within the sample collection bag 7-5.
When the small celestial body star watch drilling mechanism can work, the grounding component is contacted with the ground and gives a grounding signal; then the ultrasonic drill is driven by the driving assembly and the lead screw transmission assembly to complete drilling under small feeding force on the surface of the small celestial body, sample fragments are brought into the sample collection assembly in the drilling process, and the sample collection assembly is sealed when the drilling is in place; finally, the sample is brought into the storage bag through the gas flow collection assembly.
Claims (10)
1. A drill mechanism for a small celestial body star watch, comprising: the drilling mechanism comprises a driving assembly, a transmission assembly, an ultrasonic drill, a ground contact assembly, a shell and a sample collection assembly;
the shell is provided with a notch, the driving assembly, the transmission assembly and the ultrasonic drill are fixedly connected to the inner surface of the shell through the notch on the shell, the grounding assembly is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the shell, the sample collecting assembly is fixedly installed at the top end of the grounding assembly, the grounding assembly is provided with a through hole, and the guide pipe of the sample collecting assembly penetrates through the through hole of the grounding assembly.
2. A drilling mechanism for a small celestial star of claim 1, wherein: the transmission assembly comprises a gear, a bearing fixing seat and a ball screw, wherein the bearing fixing seat is internally provided with a pair of angular contact bearings, the gear is installed at one end of the ball screw, the ball screw is fixedly installed through the bearing fixing seat, the ball screw rotates relative to the bearing fixing seat when the gear rotates, and then a screw nut on the ball screw is driven to move along the axis direction of the ball screw.
3. A drilling mechanism for a small celestial star of claim 2, wherein: the ultrasonic drill is fixedly arranged on a screw nut on the ball screw, and can be driven to move up and down when the screw nut moves up and down; the ultrasonic drill comprises an ultrasonic motor and a drill rod, wherein the drill rod is a spiral rod, and is capable of rotating during the drilling process, so that sample scraps formed during the drilling process can be taken out.
4. A drilling mechanism for a small celestial star of claim 3, wherein: the ground contact assembly comprises a fixed support, a metal rubber pad, a bottom cover, a first copper sheet, an insulating pad, a spiral spring, a ball socket connecting piece, a ceramic ball, a limiting screw, a ball socket support frame and a second copper sheet;
the insulating pad is fixedly arranged on the inner surface of the fixed bracket;
the ball socket support frame is a hollow cylinder and is fixedly connected in the step hole;
the ceramic ball is positioned in the step hole of the fixed support, the ball socket end of the ball socket connecting piece is in contact connection with the ceramic ball, the spiral spring is sleeved on the ball socket connecting piece, and the other end of the ball socket connecting piece is positioned in the ball socket supporting overhead cavity;
the fixed support is a cylinder with a step hole in the center, the diameter of one end of the step hole is larger than that of the ceramic ball, the diameter of the other end of the step hole is smaller than that of the ceramic ball, and the bottom cover is provided with a disc with a through hole; the limiting screw penetrates through the metal rubber pad to limit and connect the fixed support and the bottom cover; the ceramic ball passes through the through hole of the bottom cover;
the first copper sheet is fixedly arranged at the top end of the ball socket connecting piece;
the second copper sheet is fixedly arranged at the top end of the fixed support.
5. A drilling mechanism for a small celestial star of claim 4, wherein: the sample collection assembly comprises an air inlet pipe, a container, an air outlet pipe, a guide pipe and a sample collection bag, the air inlet pipe is communicated with the container, the air outlet pipe is communicated with the container, the guide pipe is communicated with the container, and the air outlet pipe is communicated with the sample collection bag.
6. A drilling mechanism for a small celestial star of claim 5, wherein: the drill rod of the ultrasonic drill conveys the drilled sample to the container through the guide pipe.
7. A drilling mechanism for a small celestial star of claim 6, wherein: the driving assembly is used for driving the gear of the transmission assembly to rotate.
8. A drilling mechanism for a small celestial star of claim 7, wherein: before the grounding component touches the ground, the first copper sheet and the second copper sheet are in a communicated state, when the grounding component touches the ground, the first copper sheet and the second copper sheet are in a separated state, grounding information is sent out, the driving component is started to work, the transmission component drives the ultrasonic drill to start drilling work, sample scraps formed in the drilling process of the drill rod are brought into the container, after the drilling work is in place, the container is sealed by the drill rod, and gas is used for bringing the sample scraps in the container into the sample collecting bag through the gas inlet pipe and the gas outlet pipe.
9. A drilling mechanism for a small celestial star of claim 8, wherein: the sample collection bag is a tightly woven breathable structure, and can exhaust gas and filter sample scraps in the sample collection bag.
10. A drilling mechanism for a small celestial star of claim 9, wherein: when the small celestial body star watch drilling mechanism works, the grounding component is contacted with the ground and gives a grounding signal; then the ultrasonic drill is driven by the driving assembly and the lead screw transmission assembly to complete drilling under small feeding force on the surface of the small celestial body, sample fragments are brought into the sample collection assembly in the drilling process, and the sample collection assembly is sealed when the drilling is in place; finally, the sample is brought into the storage bag through the gas flow collection assembly.
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CN202010305939.4A CN111307510B (en) | 2020-04-17 | 2020-04-17 | Drilling mechanism for small celestial body star watch |
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CN202010305939.4A CN111307510B (en) | 2020-04-17 | 2020-04-17 | Drilling mechanism for small celestial body star watch |
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CN111307510B CN111307510B (en) | 2022-07-29 |
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Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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CN112255008A (en) * | 2020-09-16 | 2021-01-22 | 北京空间飞行器总体设计部 | Leg-arm multiplexing type small celestial body attachment sampling integrated detector |
CN112985887A (en) * | 2021-02-24 | 2021-06-18 | 北京空间飞行器总体设计部 | Extraterrestrial celestial body sampling and detecting tool |
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Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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CN112985887A (en) * | 2021-02-24 | 2021-06-18 | 北京空间飞行器总体设计部 | Extraterrestrial celestial body sampling and detecting tool |
CN112985887B (en) * | 2021-02-24 | 2022-03-25 | 北京空间飞行器总体设计部 | Extraterrestrial celestial body sampling and detecting tool |
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