CN111306302A - Mechanical sealing end face structure capable of reducing end face abrasion and rotary mechanical equipment - Google Patents
Mechanical sealing end face structure capable of reducing end face abrasion and rotary mechanical equipment Download PDFInfo
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- CN111306302A CN111306302A CN202010253837.2A CN202010253837A CN111306302A CN 111306302 A CN111306302 A CN 111306302A CN 202010253837 A CN202010253837 A CN 202010253837A CN 111306302 A CN111306302 A CN 111306302A
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- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 208
- 238000005299 abrasion Methods 0.000 title description 22
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 43
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 37
- 239000006061 abrasive grain Substances 0.000 claims description 70
- 230000002441 reversible effect Effects 0.000 claims description 29
- 238000011144 upstream manufacturing Methods 0.000 claims description 25
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 11
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 abstract description 7
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 abstract description 7
- 230000003245 working effect Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000001050 lubricating effect Effects 0.000 description 10
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000003754 machining Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000003211 malignant effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000005086 pumping Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000004308 accommodation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000006378 damage Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005461 lubrication Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010892 electric spark Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006056 electrooxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002708 enhancing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001788 irregular Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16J—PISTONS; CYLINDERS; SEALINGS
- F16J15/00—Sealings
- F16J15/16—Sealings between relatively-moving surfaces
- F16J15/34—Sealings between relatively-moving surfaces with slip-ring pressed against a more or less radial face on one member
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16J—PISTONS; CYLINDERS; SEALINGS
- F16J15/00—Sealings
- F16J15/16—Sealings between relatively-moving surfaces
- F16J15/32—Sealings between relatively-moving surfaces with elastic sealings, e.g. O-rings
- F16J15/3284—Sealings between relatively-moving surfaces with elastic sealings, e.g. O-rings characterised by their structure; Selection of materials
- F16J15/3288—Filamentary structures, e.g. brush seals
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Abstract
The invention relates to a mechanical seal end face structure, which comprises a static ring and/or a dynamic ring, wherein the dynamic ring can rotate relative to the static ring, the static ring and/or the dynamic ring are respectively provided with a seal end face, and the seal end face on the static ring and the seal end face on the dynamic ring can be oppositely arranged; and a plurality of abrasive particle grooves are formed in the sealing end surface of the static ring and/or the dynamic ring. The invention also relates to rotary mechanical equipment comprising the mechanical seal end face structure. Above-mentioned mechanical seal terminal surface structure and rotating machinery equipment, set up the grit groove on the seal terminal surface and can store the grit that is bumped the friction production by low-speed process or terminal surface accident between rotating ring and the quiet ring, avoid causing seal terminal surface's circumference mar or even furrow by the grit, can realize holding the grit under the prerequisite that does not obviously reduce dynamic pressure effect, zero leakage, working property is stable, long service life, guarantee the lubricated effect of preferred simultaneously.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of mechanical sealing, in particular to a mechanical sealing end face structure capable of reducing end face abrasion and rotary mechanical equipment.
Background
The mechanical sealing structure is a device for preventing fluid leakage, which is formed by at least one pair of end faces perpendicular to the rotation axis, and is kept in fit and relatively slides under the action of fluid pressure and the elastic force (or magnetic force) of the compensating mechanism and the cooperation of auxiliary sealing. Mechanical sealing structures in the form of a moving ring and a static ring realize mechanical sealing through dynamic and static pressure combination, but the contact abrasion of the sealing end surface is large when a stable fluid film is not formed during starting and stopping, and the abrasive particles generated after abrasion can further generate circumferential scratches and even furrows on the sealing end surface to scratch the whole sealing end surface; after the sealing end face is abraded and collided, malignant accidents are easy to occur, sealing failure is caused, great potential safety hazards are brought, the adjusting time is short, and timely adjustment and control cannot be achieved.
Disclosure of Invention
Therefore, it is necessary to provide a mechanical seal end face structure and a rotary mechanical device capable of effectively reducing the abrasion of the seal end face and further ensuring the sealing and lubricating effects and reducing the abrasion of the end face, aiming at the problems of easy abrasion and seal failure of the existing mechanical seal structure.
A mechanical seal end face structure capable of reducing end face wear comprises a seal ring, wherein the seal ring comprises a static ring and/or a dynamic ring, the dynamic ring can rotate relative to the static ring, the static ring and/or the dynamic ring are respectively provided with a seal end face, and the seal end face on the static ring and the seal end face on the dynamic ring can be arranged oppositely; and a plurality of abrasive particle grooves are formed in the sealing end surface of the static ring and/or the dynamic ring.
In one embodiment, a plurality of sealing grooves are formed in the sealing end face of the static ring and/or the dynamic ring, and a plurality of abrasive grain grooves are respectively formed in the outer peripheries of the plurality of sealing grooves.
In one embodiment, the seal groove extends in the seal end face, one end of the seal groove in the extending direction of the seal groove forms an upstream side, the upstream side of the seal groove allows a lubricating medium to flow in, and the other end of the seal groove in the extending direction of the seal groove forms a downstream side; one or more abrasive grain grooves are respectively arranged on the outer periphery of the upstream side and/or the outer periphery of the downstream side of the plurality of sealing grooves.
In one embodiment, the downstream side of the sealing groove has a downstream tip, and a plurality of the abrasive particle grooves are respectively disposed at the downstream tips of the plurality of sealing grooves.
In one embodiment, a plurality of the sealing grooves are distributed along the center of the sealing end face to form a single-row structure or a double-row structure with opposite rotation directions, and a plurality of the abrasive grain grooves are respectively arranged at the downstream tips of the plurality of the sealing grooves.
In one embodiment, the seal end face of the static ring and/or the dynamic ring forms a high pressure side and a low pressure side along the radial direction of the seal end face, and the single row of seal grooves is arranged on the high pressure side or the low pressure side.
In one embodiment, a plurality of the sealing grooves are distributed along the center of the sealing end face to form a double-row structure with opposite rotation directions, and one or more abrasive particle grooves are respectively arranged on the outer periphery of the upstream side or the outer periphery of the downstream side of at least one row of the sealing grooves.
In one embodiment, the rotation direction of the sealing groove of the double-row structure comprises a forward direction and a reverse direction, and the sealing groove comprises a forward groove and a reverse groove; the sealing end face of the static ring and/or the dynamic ring forms a high-pressure side and a low-pressure side along the radial direction of the sealing end face, the forward groove is arranged on the high-pressure side, and the reverse groove is arranged on the low-pressure side; the upstream side and the downstream side of the reversal groove are respectively provided with a plurality of abrasive grain grooves which are distributed at intervals along the outer periphery of the reversal groove.
In one embodiment, a plurality of the abrasive grain grooves are provided on the downstream side of the forward groove, and are spaced apart along an outer periphery of the forward groove.
In one embodiment, the circumferential length of the reverse groove along the sealing end surface is equal to or greater than the circumferential length of the forward groove along the sealing end surface.
In one embodiment, the radial width of the reverse groove along the sealing end surface is greater than or equal to the radial width of the forward groove along the sealing end surface; the radial ratio of the reverse grooves is between 0.35 and 0.45, and the radial ratio of the forward grooves is between 0.2 and 0.3.
In one embodiment, the depth of the abrasive grain groove is greater than, equal to or less than the depth of the sealing groove.
In one embodiment, the groove wall connecting line of the sealing groove comprises a logarithmic spiral, an archimedean spiral, a straight line and/or a circular arc line.
In one embodiment, a plurality of the sealing grooves are distributed along the center of the sealing end face in a centrosymmetric manner.
In one embodiment, the depth of the abrasive grain grooves is between 2 and 1000 μm based on the sealing end face.
In one embodiment, the cross section of the abrasive grain groove perpendicular to the depth direction of the abrasive grain groove comprises a smooth cross section and/or a bent cross section.
A rotary mechanical device comprises the mechanical seal end face structure capable of reducing end face wear.
According to the mechanical sealing end face structure capable of reducing end face abrasion and the rotary mechanical equipment, the abrasive grain groove formed in the sealing end face can store abrasive grains generated by accidental collision and friction of the moving ring and the static ring in a low-speed process or the end face, circumferential scratches and even furrows of the sealing end face caused by the abrasive grains are avoided, and the mechanical sealing performance is improved. The mechanical seal end face structure capable of reducing end face abrasion and the rotary mechanical equipment provided by the invention can realize abrasive particle accommodation, zero leakage, stable working performance and long service life on the premise of not obviously reducing dynamic pressure effect, and simultaneously ensure better lubricating effect.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this application, illustrate embodiments of the invention and, together with the description, serve to explain the invention and not to limit the invention.
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings needed to be used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art to obtain other drawings based on these drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a seal ring having a double-row seal groove according to a first embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the cross-sectional structure of the section A-A in FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a seal ring having a double-row seal groove according to a second embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of a seal ring having a double-row seal groove according to a third embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of a seal ring having a double-row seal groove according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of a seal ring with a single row of seal grooves according to a fifth embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 7 is a schematic view of another sealing ring structure with a single row of sealing grooves according to a fifth embodiment of the present invention.
Wherein: 10. a seal ring; 100. a groove for abrasive grains; 200. a sealing groove; 210. a forward slot; 220. a reverse groove; 300. sealing the weir area; 400. sealing the dam area; 700. and sealing the end face.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. The following description of the embodiments is merely exemplary in nature and is in no way intended to limit the invention, its application, or uses.
It will be understood that when an element is referred to as being "secured to" another element, it can be directly on the other element or intervening elements may also be present. When an element is referred to as being "connected" to another element, it can be directly connected to the other element or intervening elements may also be present. In contrast, when an element is referred to as being "directly on" another element, there are no intervening elements present. In contrast, when an element is referred to as being "directly connected" to another element, there are no intervening elements present. The terms "vertical," "horizontal," "left," "right," and the like as used herein are for illustrative purposes only.
In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "length," "width," "thickness," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," and the like are used in the orientations and positional relationships indicated in the drawings for convenience in describing the present invention and for simplicity in description, and are not intended to indicate or imply that the referenced devices or elements must have a particular orientation, be constructed in a particular orientation, and be operated in a particular manner and are not to be construed as limiting the present invention.
The mechanical sealing structure in the form of the movable ring and the static ring can effectively seal the shaft end of mechanical equipment, and the effective premise that the mechanical sealing structure realizes the lubricating and sealing functions is to keep the clean lubricating environment and the proper lubricating medium pressure between the movable ring and the static ring. Some abrasive particles are inevitably present between the moving ring and the static ring due to direct collision or pollution of the external environment in the low-speed stage of starting and stopping of the mechanical equipment. The invention provides a mechanical seal end face structure capable of reducing end face abrasion, which can avoid abrasive particles from being accumulated on the surface of a seal end face on the premise of not obviously reducing dynamic pressure effect, further avoid forming furrowing grinding marks on the seal end face, reduce the abrasion of the mechanical seal end face and prolong the service life of a seal ring (a movable ring or a static ring). The mechanical seal end face structure capable of reducing end face abrasion provided by the invention can be applied to shaft end seals of various rotary mechanical structures, such as compressors, various pumps, mixers, expanders and the like.
As shown in fig. 1-2 and 6-7, an embodiment of the present invention provides a mechanical seal end face structure capable of reducing end face wear, which includes a seal ring 10, where the seal ring 10 includes either a single stationary ring or a single movable ring, or both a movable ring and a stationary ring. The rotating ring can rotate relative to the static ring, the static ring and/or the rotating ring are/is provided with a sealing end surface 700 respectively, and the sealing end surface 700 on the static ring and the sealing end surface 700 on the rotating ring can be arranged oppositely. The sealing end surface 700 of the static ring and/or the dynamic ring is provided with a plurality of abrasive grain grooves 100, and the abrasive grain grooves 100 can contain abrasive grains between the dynamic ring and the static ring. According to the mechanical seal end face structure capable of reducing end face abrasion, abrasive grains generated by low-speed process or accidental collision and friction of the end faces between the moving ring and the static ring can be stored in the abrasive grain groove 100 formed in the seal end face 700, circumferential scratches and even furrows of the seal end face 700 caused by the abrasive grains are avoided, and mechanical seal performance is improved. The relative arrangement between the two sealing end surfaces 700 on the stationary ring and the moving ring means that the sealing end surface 700 of the stationary ring and the sealing end surface 700 of the moving ring are installed in a face-to-face manner.
The mechanical seal end face structure capable of reducing end face abrasion provided by the embodiment can realize abrasive particle accommodation, zero leakage, stable working performance and long service life on the premise of not obviously reducing dynamic pressure effect, and simultaneously ensures better lubricating effect. It should be further explained that the abrasive grain groove 100 can store the grinding chips (abrasive grains) generated by the contact friction, protect the surface of the seal ring 10 (the moving ring and/or the stationary ring) from being damaged, and improve the service life of the seal ring 10. On the other hand, the abrasive grain groove 100 has a certain volume, so that a certain amount of lubricating medium can be stored, the lubricating performance of the sealing ring 10 is improved, and the abrasion of the sealing end surface 700 is reduced. The abrasive grain groove 100 can store abrasive grains generated by abrasion in the process of repeatedly starting and stopping, lubrication is enhanced, the service life of parts is prolonged, and meanwhile, the abrasive grain groove can be timely regulated and controlled to avoid serious accidents.
As shown in fig. 1-2 and 6-7, in an embodiment of the present invention, a plurality of sealing grooves 200 are formed on a sealing end surface 700 of the stationary ring and/or the moving ring, and a plurality of abrasive grooves 100 are respectively disposed on outer peripheries of the plurality of sealing grooves 200. A series of sealing grooves 200 with pumping capability are designed on the sealing face 700. The sealing medium is pumped in along the tangential direction of the sealing groove 200, and the pumped medium and the abrasive particles can enter the abrasive particle groove 100 on the outer periphery of the sealing groove 200 along the tangential direction of the sealing groove 200, so that the abrasive particles can be contained and the end surface abrasion can be reduced on the premise of not obviously reducing the dynamic pressure effect. The problem that abrasive particles generated after the sealing end face 700 is abraded cannot be discharged in time, circumferential scratches and even furrows are generated, and then the whole sealing end face 700 is scratched is effectively solved, and meanwhile, the problems that malignant accidents are easily generated after the sealing end face 700 is abraded, sealing failure is caused, great potential safety hazards are brought, and adjustment time is short and timely regulation and control cannot be achieved are solved. In some cases, the seal groove 200 is also referred to as a spiral groove, and an extension line of the seal groove 200 is spiral with respect to a central axis of the seal end face 700.
As shown in fig. 1-2 and 6-7, in an embodiment of the present invention, the seal groove 200 extends in the seal end surface 700, one end of the seal groove 200 in the extending direction thereof forms an upstream side, the upstream side of the seal groove 200 allows the lubricating medium to flow therein, and the other end of the seal groove 200 in the extending direction thereof forms a downstream side. One or more abrasive grain grooves 100 are provided on the upstream outer circumferential edge and/or the downstream outer circumferential edge of the plurality of sealing grooves 200, respectively. Since the sealing groove 200 has a function of pumping the medium during the sealing process, the medium between the moving ring and the stationary ring generally moves along the extending direction (tangential direction) of the sealing groove 200, and further, the abrasive particles, the grinding chips and the like between the moving ring and the stationary ring are also moved together. The one or more abrasive grain grooves 100 are formed in the outer periphery of the upstream side and/or the outer periphery of the downstream side of the sealing groove 200, so that abrasive grains moving to the upstream side can be effectively contained in the abrasive grain grooves 100, the abrasive grains are prevented from continuously moving between the moving ring and the static ring, and further circumferential scratches and even furrows are prevented from being generated on the sealing end surfaces 700 of the static ring and the moving ring, and even the whole sealing end surface 700 is prevented from being scratched. Further, a downstream end of the sealing groove 200 is provided with a downstream tip, and the plurality of abrasive particle grooves 100 are respectively disposed at the downstream tip of the plurality of sealing grooves 200. Due to the structural features of the sealing groove 200, more abrasive particles are collected at the tip of the sealing groove 200 on the downstream side, and the abrasive particle groove 100 formed therein can be more efficiently transferred from between the abrasive particle sealing end surfaces 700 in a manner of accommodating the abrasive particles.
It can be understood that the sealing grooves 200 formed in the sealing end face 700 generally have a certain rotation direction, and the sealing grooves 200 having different rotation directions can allow or block the flow of the medium, so as to generate a relatively uniform medium layer between the entire sealing end face 700 and maintain better lubrication and sealing performance. Alternatively, as shown in fig. 1-2 and 6-7, a plurality of sealing grooves 200 are distributed along the center of the sealing end surface 700 to form a single-row structure or a double-row structure with opposite rotation directions. The positional and quantitative relationships between the sealing groove 200 and the abrasive grain groove 100 in the above embodiments are also applicable to the sealing groove 200 of the single row structure and the sealing groove 200 of the double row structure with opposite rotation directions. In the sealing groove 200 having a single row structure and the sealing groove 200 having a double row structure with opposite rotation directions, the plurality of abrasive grooves 100 may be respectively disposed at any position of the outer periphery of the sealing groove 200 on the upstream side, at any position of the downstream side, at the tip of the downstream side, or at any other position of the outer periphery of the sealing groove 200. In each embodiment of the present invention, the direction in which the upstream side is directed to the downstream side is the clockwise direction.
In the above embodiments, the sealing groove 200 of the sealing end surface 700 may be machined by laser machining, electrochemical corrosion, electric spark machining, or other processes, the machining accuracy may be detected by using a contact profiler or a non-contact optical profiler, and the depth of the abrasive grain groove 100 may be set to be greater than that of the sealing groove 200. In the above embodiments, when the rotating ring rotates, the medium is pumped from the upstream side of the seal groove 200 to the downstream side of the seal groove 200 along the tangential direction of the seal groove 200, and due to the throttling effect of the seal dam area 300 and the seal dam area 400, the local pressure of the seal end surface 700 is increased, and the opening force is formed. When the sealing end face 700 enters abrasive particles generated by an external medium or worn by the end face, the abrasive particles can enter the abrasive particle groove 100 along the tangential direction of the sealing groove 200, and a certain amount of abrasive particles can be contained due to the fact that the abrasive particle groove 100 has a certain volume, and the depth of the abrasive particle groove is deeper than that of the sealing groove 200, so that the harm of the abrasive particles to the sealing end face 700 is reduced.
As shown in fig. 1-2 and 6-7, in an embodiment of the present invention, the sealing grooves 200 are distributed along the center of the sealing end surface 700 in a central symmetry manner. For a single row of seal grooves 200, a plurality of seal grooves 200 are distributed in a centrosymmetric manner around the center of the seal end surface 700; for the sealing grooves 200 of the double-row structure, each row of sealing grooves 200 is centrally and symmetrically distributed around the center of the sealing end surface 700, and two rows of sealing grooves 200 are spaced apart or arranged adjacent to each other in the radial direction of the sealing end surface 700. It should be understood that "row" in this embodiment refers to a row of sealing grooves 200 with the same center distance, centered on the center of the sealing end surface 700, and sealing grooves 200 with different center distances belong to different rows. The plurality of sealing grooves 200 are arranged in a centrosymmetric manner along the center of the sealing end surface 700, so that the uniformity of the medium pumped by the sealing grooves 200 on the sealing end surface 700 can be improved. Optionally, the number of seal grooves 200 per row on seal face 700 is between 6-100.
As shown in fig. 6-7, in an embodiment of the present invention, the sealing end surface 700 of the stationary ring and/or the moving ring forms a high pressure side and a low pressure side in a radial direction thereof, and the single row sealing groove 200 is opened at the high pressure side or the low pressure side. In general, the side close to the outer side in the radial direction of the seal end surface 700 is a high-pressure side, and the side close to the inner side is a low-pressure side; the downstream side of the seal groove 200 on the high pressure side is closer to the center of the seal end surface 700 than the upstream side, and the downstream side of the seal groove 200 on the low pressure side is closer to the outside of the seal end surface 700 than the upstream side. The two positions of the single-row sealing groove 200 can effectively realize the pumping of the medium, so that the effective mechanical sealing is realized. Furthermore, the abrasive grain grooves 100 are respectively arranged at the tips of the downstream sides of the sealing grooves 200 at the two positions, so that the abrasive grains between the moving ring and the static ring can be accommodated. The non-groove regions between seal grooves 200 in the same row form a seal dam region 300, and the radial non-groove regions between seal grooves 200 in the same row are referred to as a seal dam region 400. For the single-row sealing groove 200 structure, the number of the grooves is 6-100 (only 12 are shown in the figure), the wall line helix angle is 5-50 degrees, the radial groove dam ratio is 1-5, the circumferential groove dam ratio is 0.25-4, the radial width of the sealing groove 200 accounts for 1/6-4/5 of the radial width of the sealing ring 10 (a moving ring or a static ring), and the groove depth of the sealing groove 200 is 5-100 μm. The abrasive grain groove 100 at the tip of the downstream side of the sealing groove 200 has a depth of 2 μm to 1000 μm and an inner diameter of 0.2mm to 2mm with respect to the plane of the sealing dam region 400.
As shown in fig. 1 to 5, in an embodiment of the present invention, a plurality of sealing grooves 200 are distributed along a center of a sealing end surface 700 to form a double-row structure with opposite rotation directions, and one or more abrasive grooves 100 are respectively disposed on an upstream side outer periphery or a downstream side outer periphery of at least one row of sealing grooves 200. The double-row seal groove 200 may be provided with one or more abrasive grain grooves 100 only at positions corresponding to one row of seal grooves 200, or may be provided with one or more abrasive grain grooves 100 at positions corresponding to two rows of seal grooves 200. Further, the rotation direction of the sealing groove 200 of the double row structure includes a forward direction and a reverse direction, and the sealing groove 200 includes a forward groove 210 and a reverse groove 220. The sealing end surface 700 of the stationary ring and/or the rotating ring forms a high pressure side and a low pressure side along the radial direction thereof, and generally, the side close to the outer side along the radial direction of the sealing end surface 700 is the high pressure side, and the side close to the inner side is the low pressure side. The forward groove 210 is provided at the high pressure side and the reverse groove 220 is provided at the low pressure side.
As shown in fig. 4, a plurality of abrasive grain grooves 100 are provided on the upstream side and the downstream side of the reversal groove 220, respectively, and the plurality of abrasive grain grooves 100 are spaced apart from each other along the outer peripheral edge of the reversal groove 220. Since the medium moves from the high pressure side to the low pressure side of the seal end surface 700, providing a plurality of abrasive grain grooves 100 on the upstream side and the downstream side of the reversal groove 220 enables the abrasive grains that have moved so far to be efficiently accommodated in the abrasive grain grooves 100. Further, as shown in fig. 5, a plurality of abrasive grain grooves 100 are provided on the downstream side of the normal groove 210, and the plurality of abrasive grain grooves 100 are distributed at intervals along the outer peripheral edge of the normal groove 210, thereby further enhancing the abrasive grain storage capacity of the abrasive grain grooves 100.
The reasonable arrangement of the position and size relationship between the forward groove 210 and the backward groove 220 not only can directly improve the sealing performance, but also can help the abrasive grain groove 100 to store abrasive grains. In an embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 1-3, the circumferential length of the counter groove 220 along the sealing end face 700 is equal to or greater than the circumferential length of the forward groove 210 along the sealing end face 700, and the radial width of the counter groove 220 along the sealing end face 700 is equal to or greater than the radial width of the forward groove 210 along the sealing end face 700. The radial ratio of the reverse grooves 220 is between 0.35 and 0.45, and the radial ratio of the forward grooves 210 is between 0.2 and 0.3. Specifically, for the structure of the double-row sealing groove 200, the number of the series of forward sealing grooves 200 on the high-pressure side of the sealing end surface 700 is 6-100 (only 12 are shown in the figure), the wall line helix angle is 5-50 degrees, the radial groove dam ratio is 1-5, the circumferential groove dam ratio is 0.25-4, the radial width of the forward sealing groove 200 accounts for 1/5-1/2 of the radial width of the sealing ring 10, and the depth of the forward sealing groove 200 is 5-100 μm; the number of the grooves of a row of reverse sealing grooves 200 on the low-pressure side of the end face of the sealing ring 10 is 6-100, the wall line helix angle is 10-50 degrees, the radial groove dam ratio is 1-5, the circumferential groove dam ratio is 0.25-4, and the groove depth of the reverse sealing groove 200 is 5-100 mu m. The abrasive grain groove 100 at the tip of the downstream side of the sealing groove 200 has a depth of 2 μm to 1000 μm and an inner diameter of 0.2mm to 2mm with respect to the plane of the sealing dam region 400.
It is understood that the radial ratio in the above embodiments refers to the ratio of the width of the sealing groove 200 in the radial direction to the width of the sealing ring 10 surface in the radial direction, and the radial groove dam ratio is the ratio of the width of the sealing groove 200 in the radial direction to the width of the sealing dam region 400 in the radial direction; the circumferential groove weir ratio is a ratio of a length of the seal groove 200 in the circumferential direction to a length of the seal weir region 300 in the circumferential direction.
In the above embodiments, the groove wall connecting line of the sealing groove 200 includes a logarithmic spiral, an archimedean spiral, a straight line and/or an arc line, and the groove wall connecting line of the sealing groove 200 may also include other line types as long as the groove wall of the sealing groove 200 extends along the set spiral direction, thereby achieving effective sealing between the sealing end surfaces 700. Further, for a single sealing groove 200, the groove wall connecting line may include one or more of a logarithmic spiral, an archimedean spiral, a straight line or an arc line (the groove wall connecting line of the single sealing groove 200 is formed by connecting different line-type segments). In the above embodiments, the depth of the abrasive grain grooves 100 is between 2 μm and 1000 μm based on the seal end face 700 (or the seal dam area 300), and the depth of the abrasive grain grooves 100 can be designed according to actual conditions. In the above embodiments, the cross section of the abrasive grain groove 100 perpendicular to the depth direction thereof includes a smooth cross section and/or a bent cross section, such as a circle, a triangle, a quadrangle, or other regular or irregular pattern. Further, the cross section of the abrasive grain groove 100 perpendicular to the depth direction thereof includes a circle, a triangle, or a quadrangle, and the abrasive grain groove 100 is divided into several sections with different cross sections along the depth direction thereof.
An embodiment of the present invention further provides a rotary mechanical device, including the mechanical seal end face structure capable of reducing end face wear according to any one of the above schemes. The mechanical seal end face structure and the rotary machine apparatus capable of reducing the end face wear described in the above embodiments have at least the following technical effects:
(1) the depth of the abrasive particle groove 100 at the tip of the seal groove 200 can reach millimeter level, certain grinding scraps can be stored, end face damage or circumferential furrows caused by abrasive particle accumulation is avoided, and the service life of the seal ring 10 (a movable ring or a static ring) is prolonged;
(2) under the working condition of repeated start-stop, the abrasive particle groove 100 at the tip of the sealing groove 200 can store a certain amount of sealing medium, so that the frictional wear of the sealing end surface 700 can be effectively reduced in the start-stop process, the service life of the sealing ring 10 (a moving ring or a static ring) is prolonged, the occurrence of malignant accidents caused by abrasive particles is reduced, and the economic benefit is great;
(3) the high stability of the fluid high-pressure area and the self-regulation of the mechanical seal end surface structure capable of reducing the end surface abrasion enable the mechanical seal end surface structure capable of reducing the end surface abrasion to realize zero leakage under different working conditions;
(4) the abrasive grain groove 100 occupies a small area of the seal end surface 700, and the dynamic pressure effect of the seal groove 200 is not significantly reduced on the premise of containing abrasive grains and reducing abrasion.
The following description will be made of a mechanical seal end face structure capable of reducing end face wear according to the present invention with specific examples.
The first embodiment is as follows: as shown in fig. 1 and 2, the end face structure of a mechanical seal capable of accommodating abrasive particles and reducing end face wear includes a double-row seal groove 200 structure designed on one or two opposite seal end faces 700 of a moving ring and a static ring and symmetrically distributed around the center of a circle of the seal end face 700. The high pressure side of the rotating or stationary ring seal face 700 is referred to as the high pressure side and the low pressure side of the rotating or stationary ring seal face 700 is referred to as the low pressure side. When the double-row sealing groove 200 structure is adopted, the sealing grooves 200 can be divided into two types of sealing grooves 200 with opposite spiral angles, a series of sealing grooves 200 near the upstream are defined as forward grooves 210, and the sealing grooves 200 opposite to the forward grooves 210 are reverse grooves 220. The non-groove region between the seal grooves 200 in the same forward and reverse rows is referred to as a seal weir region 300, the non-groove region between the seal grooves 200 in the same forward and reverse rows is referred to as a seal dam region 400, and the groove at one end of the seal groove 200 is referred to as a cylindrical abrasive grain-like groove 100.
The slot wall of the sealing slot 200 is selected from a circular arc line, the depth of the forward slot 210 is less than that of the reverse slot 220, and the area of the forward slot 210 is less than that of the reverse slot 220. The number of the grooves of the forward grooves 210 is 6-100, the helix angle of the wall line is 5-50 degrees, the dam ratio of the radial grooves is 1-5, the weir ratio of the circumferential grooves is 0.25-4, the radial width of the forward grooves 210 accounts for 1/5-1/2 of the radial width of the sealing ring 10, and the depth h4 of the forward grooves 210 is 5-100 μm. The number of the reverse grooves 220 is 6-100, the wall line helix angle is 10-50 degrees, the radial groove dam ratio is 1-5, the circumferential groove weir ratio is 0.25-4, and the depth h1 of the reverse grooves 220 is 5-100 μm. The groove root tips of the forward groove 210 and the reverse groove 220 are respectively designed with a cylindrical abrasive particle-like groove 100, the depth h2 of the reverse groove 220 corresponding to the abrasive particle groove 100 and the depth h3 of the forward groove 210 corresponding to the abrasive particle groove 100 are respectively between 5 μm and 1000 μm, the diameter is 0.2mm and 2mm, the depth of the cylindrical abrasive particle-like groove 100 is based on the plane of the sealing dam area 400, the depth of the sealing groove 200 and the abrasive particle groove 100 can be properly adjusted, for example, the depth of the cylindrical abrasive particle-like groove 100 can be higher than the depth of the sealing groove 200, can also be lower than the depth of the sealing groove 200, or can be equal to the depth of the sealing groove 200.
The second embodiment is as follows: as shown in fig. 3, the difference from the first embodiment is that in the second embodiment, the cylindrical-like abrasive grain groove 100 in the first embodiment is replaced with a triangular-prism-like abrasive grain groove 100, and similarly, the cylindrical-like abrasive grain groove 100 may be replaced with a square-shaped, diamond-shaped, or other sealing groove 200.
The third concrete embodiment: as shown in fig. 4, the difference from the first embodiment is that the double-row sealing groove 200 of the third embodiment is configured such that the forward groove 210 does not have the cylindrical-like abrasive groove 100, but a plurality of cylindrical-like abrasive grooves 100 are added on the upstream and downstream sides of the backward groove 220. As shown in fig. 4, the number of grooves of the cylinder-like abrasive grain groove 100 at the outer periphery of each reverse groove 220 is 5 to 20, provided that they do not interfere with each other. On the one hand, the increase of the number of the cylindrical abrasive grain grooves 100 can adapt to the repeated start-stop working condition, reduce the abrasion, prolong the service life of the sealing ring 10 (a movable ring or a static ring) and improve the mechanical sealing performance on the premise of not obviously reducing the dynamic pressure effect of the sealing end surface 700.
The fourth concrete embodiment: as shown in fig. 5, the difference from the third embodiment is that a plurality of cylindrical abrasive grain-like grooves 100 are added at the groove root of the downstream side of the forward groove 210 in the four double-row sealing grooves 200 in the third embodiment, so that more abrasive grains can be accommodated without significantly reducing the dynamic pressure effect, and the service life of the sealing ring 10 (the dynamic ring or the static ring) is prolonged.
The fifth concrete embodiment: as shown in fig. 6, the difference from the first embodiment is that in the fifth embodiment, there is only a single row of seal grooves 200, the single row of seal grooves 200 is on the high pressure side, and the root of the single row of seal grooves 200 is provided with an abrasive grain groove 100. In other cases, the single row of seal slots 200 may also be on the low pressure side, as shown in FIG. 7.
The technical features of the embodiments described above may be arbitrarily combined, and for the sake of brevity, all possible combinations of the technical features in the embodiments described above are not described, but should be considered as being within the scope of the present specification as long as there is no contradiction between the combinations of the technical features.
The above-mentioned embodiments only express several embodiments of the present invention, and the description thereof is more specific and detailed, but not construed as limiting the scope of the invention. It should be noted that, for a person skilled in the art, several variations and modifications can be made without departing from the inventive concept, which falls within the scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present patent shall be subject to the appended claims.
Claims (13)
1. A mechanical seal end face structure capable of reducing end face wear is characterized by comprising a seal ring, wherein the seal ring comprises a static ring and/or a dynamic ring, the dynamic ring can rotate relative to the static ring, the static ring and/or the dynamic ring are respectively provided with a seal end face, and the seal end face on the static ring and the seal end face on the dynamic ring can be oppositely arranged; and a plurality of abrasive particle grooves are formed in the sealing end surface of the static ring and/or the dynamic ring.
2. The mechanical seal end face structure capable of reducing end face wear according to claim 1, wherein a plurality of seal grooves are formed in the seal end face of the static ring and/or the dynamic ring, and the seal grooves are distributed in a central symmetry manner along the center of the seal end face; the abrasive particle grooves are respectively arranged on the outer peripheries of the sealing grooves; the sealing groove extends in the sealing end face, one end of the sealing groove in the extending direction of the sealing groove forms an upstream side, the upstream side of the sealing groove allows media to flow in, and the other end of the sealing groove in the extending direction of the sealing groove forms a downstream side; one or more abrasive grain grooves are respectively arranged on the outer periphery of the upstream side and/or the outer periphery of the downstream side of the plurality of sealing grooves.
3. The mechanical seal face structure of claim 2, wherein the plurality of seal grooves are distributed along a center of the seal face to form a single row structure or a double row structure with opposite rotation directions, the downstream side of the seal groove has a downstream tip, and a plurality of the abrasive grain grooves are respectively disposed at the downstream tips of the plurality of seal grooves.
4. The mechanical seal end face structure capable of reducing end face wear according to claim 3, wherein the seal end face of the static ring and/or the dynamic ring forms a high pressure side and a low pressure side along a radial direction of the seal end face structure, and the single row of the seal groove is opened on the high pressure side or the low pressure side.
5. The end face structure of a mechanical seal capable of reducing end face wear according to claim 2, wherein the sealing grooves are distributed along a center of the sealing end face to form a double-row structure with opposite rotation directions, and one or more abrasive particle grooves are respectively arranged on an upstream side outer periphery or a downstream side outer periphery of at least one row of the sealing grooves.
6. The mechanical seal end face structure capable of reducing end face wear according to claim 5, wherein the rotation direction of the seal groove of the double-row structure comprises a forward direction and a reverse direction, and the seal groove comprises a forward groove and a reverse groove; the sealing end face of the static ring and/or the dynamic ring forms a high-pressure side and a low-pressure side along the radial direction of the sealing end face, the forward groove is arranged on the high-pressure side, and the reverse groove is arranged on the low-pressure side; the upstream side and the downstream side of the reversal groove are respectively provided with a plurality of abrasive grain grooves which are distributed at intervals along the outer periphery of the reversal groove.
7. A mechanical seal end face structure with reduced end face wear according to claim 6, wherein a plurality of abrasive grain grooves are provided on the downstream side of the forward groove, and are spaced apart along the outer periphery of the forward groove.
8. The mechanical seal end face structure capable of reducing end face wear according to claim 6, wherein a circumferential length of the reverse groove along the seal end face is equal to or greater than a circumferential length of the forward groove along the seal end face; the radial width of the reverse groove along the sealing end surface is greater than or equal to the radial width of the forward groove along the sealing end surface; the radial ratio of the reverse grooves is between 0.35 and 0.45, and the radial ratio of the forward grooves is between 0.2 and 0.3.
9. A mechanical seal face structure capable of reducing face wear according to any one of claims 2 to 8, wherein the depth of the abrasive grain groove is greater than, equal to or less than the depth of the seal groove.
10. A mechanical seal end face structure capable of reducing end face wear according to any one of claims 2 to 8, wherein the groove wall connecting line of the seal groove comprises a logarithmic spiral, an Archimedes spiral, a straight line and/or a circular arc line.
11. A mechanical seal end face structure capable of reducing end face wear according to any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein the depth of the abrasive grain grooves is 2 μm to 1000 μm with respect to the seal end face.
12. A mechanical seal end face structure capable of reducing end face wear according to any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein a cross section of the abrasive grain grooves perpendicular to the depth direction thereof comprises a smooth cross section and/or a bent cross section.
13. A rotary machine comprising a mechanical seal face structure of any of claims 1-12 that reduces face wear.
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| CN202010253837.2A CN111306302A (en) | 2020-04-02 | 2020-04-02 | Mechanical sealing end face structure capable of reducing end face abrasion and rotary mechanical equipment |
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| CN202010253837.2A CN111306302A (en) | 2020-04-02 | 2020-04-02 | Mechanical sealing end face structure capable of reducing end face abrasion and rotary mechanical equipment |
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| WO2022143029A1 (en) * | 2020-12-30 | 2022-07-07 | 清华大学 | Mechanical sealing device capable of monitoring amount of wear |
| WO2023027102A1 (en) * | 2021-08-26 | 2023-03-02 | イーグル工業株式会社 | Sliding component |
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