CN111304794B - Ultrahigh-strength yarn and spinning process thereof - Google Patents
Ultrahigh-strength yarn and spinning process thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN111304794B CN111304794B CN201811510638.4A CN201811510638A CN111304794B CN 111304794 B CN111304794 B CN 111304794B CN 201811510638 A CN201811510638 A CN 201811510638A CN 111304794 B CN111304794 B CN 111304794B
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D02—YARNS; MECHANICAL FINISHING OF YARNS OR ROPES; WARPING OR BEAMING
- D02G—CRIMPING OR CURLING FIBRES, FILAMENTS, THREADS, OR YARNS; YARNS OR THREADS
- D02G3/00—Yarns or threads, e.g. fancy yarns; Processes or apparatus for the production thereof, not otherwise provided for
- D02G3/02—Yarns or threads characterised by the material or by the materials from which they are made
- D02G3/04—Blended or other yarns or threads containing components made from different materials
- D02G3/047—Blended or other yarns or threads containing components made from different materials including aramid fibres
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D10—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
- D10B—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
- D10B2331/00—Fibres made from polymers obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds, e.g. polycondensation products
- D10B2331/02—Fibres made from polymers obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds, e.g. polycondensation products polyamides
- D10B2331/021—Fibres made from polymers obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds, e.g. polycondensation products polyamides aromatic polyamides, e.g. aramides
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D10—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
- D10B—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
- D10B2331/00—Fibres made from polymers obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds, e.g. polycondensation products
- D10B2331/14—Fibres made from polymers obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds, e.g. polycondensation products polycondensates of cyclic compounds, e.g. polyimides, polybenzimidazoles
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D10—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
- D10B—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
- D10B2401/00—Physical properties
- D10B2401/06—Load-responsive characteristics
- D10B2401/063—Load-responsive characteristics high strength
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Textile Engineering (AREA)
- Yarns And Mechanical Finishing Of Yarns Or Ropes (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides an ultrahigh-strength yarn and a spinning process thereof, wherein the yarn at least comprises a twisted yarn, the twisted yarn at least comprises first short fibers, second short fibers and third short fibers, and the weight ratio of the first short fibers to the second short fibers to the third short fibers is 30-70: 30-100: 30-100 parts; the first short fiber is made of aramid II filaments with breaking strength larger than 15g/d, the second short fiber is made of aramid III filaments with breaking strength larger than 27g/d, and the third short fiber is made of PBO filaments with breaking strength larger than 30 g/d. The yarn is prepared by wool opening, carding, three-pass drawing, roving and spun yarn, wherein the preparation method is characterized in that non-crimp short fibers are used in a semi-worsted wool spinning process, the defect that high-strength fibers are difficult to crimp and spin is overcome, and the strength of the prepared blended yarn is higher than 86 cN/tex.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of spinning, relates to a production process of yarn, and particularly relates to ultrahigh-strength yarn and a spinning process thereof.
Background
The para-aromatic polyamide fiber is a high-technology material with excellent mechanical and thermal properties, and is widely applied to the fields of national defense and military industry and optical cable rubber. The spun yarn prepared by the method can be used in the protection field, such as anti-cutting temperature-resistant gloves, anti-cutting temperature-resistant fabrics and temperature-resistant high-strength sewing threads.
The CN103437013B patent provides a process for producing aramid yarn by using recycled aramid 1414, which mainly controls the humidity of staple fibers and the process parameters of card clothing. The CN101918629B patent provides a method for preparing high shrinkage staple fiber yarn and fabric by blending aramid fiber or PBO fiber with high shrinkage staple fiber. The patent CN103981610A provides a composite yarn produced by aramid 1414-coated polyester filament for flame retardation. At present, the production process flow of the yarn is generally the processes of opening picking, carding, drawing, roving, spinning, (cladding) and spooling.
The strength of the common para-aramid yarn is only 60-75 cN/tex, and the mechanical and thermal properties of the para-aramid copolymer fiber and the poly-p-phenylene benzobisoxazole fiber are better than those of pure para-aramid fiber, so that the para-aramid copolymer fiber and the poly-p-phenylene benzobisoxazole fiber can be applied to provide a better material for the fields of national defense and military industry and optical cable rubber. Therefore, the para-aramid copolymer fiber yarn and the poly-p-phenylene benzobisoxazole fiber yarn need to be developed to provide better materials for the fields of national defense and military industry and optical cable rubber. Although the para-aramid copolymer fiber and the polyparaphenylene benzobisoxazole fiber have the advantages, the para-aramid copolymer fiber and the polyparaphenylene benzobisoxazole fiber are difficult to curl due to high rigidity, and particularly, the para-aramid copolymer fiber is difficult to curl due to higher rigidity.
Publication No. CN103305967A discloses a spinning method of poly-p-phenylene benzobisoxazole fibers, which is implemented according to the following steps: the method breaks through the difficult problem of spinning the poly-p-phenylene benzobisoxazole fiber, lays a technical foundation for pure spinning of the poly-p-phenylene benzobisoxazole fiber on cotton spinning equipment, and the spun yarn has the advantages of smooth and clean surface, less neps, uniform evenness and the like, and can be widely used in high-grade protective textiles and industrial textiles. The pretreatment process of the process comprises the steps of loosening and paving the dispersed poly-p-phenylene benzobisoxazole fibers at the temperature of 18-20 ℃ and the humidity of 70-75%, adding an antistatic agent FC-1, and storing for more than 36 hours.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the blank of a technology for preparing ultra-high strength yarn by spinning by taking para-aramid copolymer fiber as a raw material in the prior art, and provides the ultra-high strength yarn and a spinning process thereof.
The yarn at least comprises one twisted yarn, wherein the twisted yarn is composed of first short fibers, second short fibers and third short fibers, and the weight ratio of the first short fibers to the second short fibers to the third short fibers is 30-70: 30-100: 30-100 parts; the first staple fibers are made of aramid II (para-aramid fiber) filaments having a breaking strength of more than 15g/d, the second staple fibers are made of aramid III (para-aramid copolymer fiber) filaments having a breaking strength of more than 27g/d, and the third staple fibers are made of PBO (poly (p-phenylene benzobisoxazole) filaments having a breaking strength of more than 30 g/d.
Further, the length of the short fiber is more than 36mm and less than 62mm, and when blended, the short fiber can be mixed in various lengths and ratios within the above range.
Furthermore, the invention also provides a spinning process of the ultra-high strength yarn, the process can directly spin the yarn without crimping the para-aramid copolymer fiber and the poly-p-phenylene benzobisoxazole fiber which are difficult to crimp, the process is simple, and the yarn can be spun without crimping treatment (the crimping treatment consumes manpower and material resources independently and is difficult to crimp), so that the production cost can be greatly reduced, and a practical and feasible spinning process route is provided for spinning the para-aramid copolymer fiber and the poly-p-phenylene benzobisoxazole fiber.
The process comprises the following steps:
a and wool opening: the first short fiber, the second short fiber and the third short fiber are mixed according to the weight ratio of 30-70%: 30-100: 30-100 parts; sending the wool into a wool combining machine for mixing wool; the fibers are required to be free of pilling and impurities, and generally, the first short fiber (aramid II) is a short fiber with crimp, and the second short fiber (aramid III short fiber) and the third short fiber (PBO short fiber) are rigid, difficult to crimp and are not crimped, so that the short fibers are non-crimp or non-crimp short fibers;
before blending, firstly spraying an oil agent on the short fibers for balancing for 24-48 h, wherein the water content of the short fibers is kept at 13% -20%, and the main components of the oil agent are an antistatic agent and emulsified silicone oil; for example, alkyl phosphate can be used as the antistatic agent, and water-based silicone oil can be used as the silicone emulsion.
B. Combing: and B, sending the short fibers obtained in the step A into a carding machine for carding to obtain wool tops, wherein the weight of the wool tops is controlled to be 18 g/5 m, the spacing of a cylinder cover plate of the carding machine is 0.54mm, 0.47mm, 0.47mm and 0.54mm, the rotating speed of a cylinder is 280 r/min, and the rotating speed of a doffer is as follows: 25 revolutions per minute and a lickerin revolution 534 revolutions per minute.
C. Three-step drawing: b, inputting the wool tops obtained in the step B into a drawing frame for drawing to obtain coarse wool tops;
wherein, together: 6 and 1, and 16 to 18 grams per meter is required. Draft multiple 6.03, sliver discharging speed: 120 m/min, moisture regain of 11%
Secondly, combining: combining 10 fibers into one fiber, wherein the requirement is 12-14 g/5 m, the draft multiple is 8.2, and the sliver discharging speed is as follows: 120 m/min, moisture regain 10.5%
And thirdly: 8 pieces of the sliver are combined into one piece, the requirement is 15-17 g/5 m, the drafting multiple is 9.05, the sliver discharging speed is as follows: 120 m/min moisture regain of 9.5%
D. Roving: processing the rough wool tops obtained in the step C by a roving machine to obtain rough yarns; in the process from the rough wool top to the rough wool top, in order to prevent the rough wool top from falling off in the process of entering a bobbin, the rough wool bobbin of the roving machine is parallel to a sliver outlet of a drawing frame so as to ensure the stability of sliver outlet; the resulting roving requires a dry basis weight: 3 g/10 m, roving moisture regain 9%;
E. spinning: d, drafting the rough yarn obtained in the step D by a wool spinning long roller gauge (the roller gauge is 28-63 mm.) to obtain a spun yarn; the roller spacing was 12.5mm 30.5mm 50.5 mm. Roller pressurization 15 daN/double ingot, gauge block specification: 12.5mm, ingot speed: 450 rpm, and 2.1 times draft in the back zone. The long-distance roller for spinning from the rough yarn to the spun yarn uses a wool spinning roller, and the roller gauge is 28-63mm, so that short fibers with larger length can be used, and the yarn performance is improved.
After the spun yarn is obtained, the subsequent process adopts the traditional ring spinning process.
Furthermore, the length of the short fiber is more than 36mm, the short fiber can be curled or curled in a coil mode, and the obtained yarn is mainly used for glove yarns, woven yarns or sewing threads.
The method of the present invention has the following advantageous effects
1. The invention provides the blended yarn containing the para-aromatic polyamide copolymer fiber and the poly (p-phenylene-benzobisoxazole) fiber for the first time, fills the blank of the spun yarn containing the para-aromatic polyamide copolymer fiber, and provides an excellent optional fabric for national defense and military industry.
Although the para-aromatic polyamide copolymer fiber and the para-phenylene benzobisoxazole fiber have excellent performance, the para-aromatic polyamide fiber has high cost, the para-aromatic polyamide fiber has relatively low price and relatively poor new performance, so the para-aromatic polyamide copolymer fiber, the para-phenylene benzobisoxazole fiber and the para-aromatic polyamide fiber are blended according to a specific proportion, the raw material cost is reduced, the performance of the obtained yarn is correspondingly improved, the overall mechanical performance of the yarn is higher than 86cN/tex, the yarn has high temperature resistance, and the thermal decomposition temperature is higher than 400 ℃.
2. The invention aims to further solve the problem that when the para-aramid copolymer fiber and the poly-p-phenylene benzobisoxazole fiber are spun in the existing spinning process, the two fibers difficult to crimp need to be crimped first for spinning, and provides a process method capable of spinning without crimping treatment.
3. The invention controls the drafting multiple, the drawing speed and the moisture regain in the three drawing processes respectively, thus ensuring the uncrimped short fiber to be stable and smoothly completing the drawing process after cotton carding, and simultaneously controlling the coarse wool sliver can to be parallel to the sliver outlet in the drawing process, avoiding the coarse wool sliver from falling off in the can feeding process, thereby ensuring the smooth spinning.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in detail with reference to specific embodiments.
In the following examples, a B261 type wool comber was used in the wool opening step, a B271 type wool comber was used in the carding step, a 1242 type drawing frame was used for drawing, and a 1252 type roving frame was used for roving.
Example 1
This example takes ultra-high strength yarn of 100kg as an example
An ultra-high strength yarn, wherein the yarn consists of 2 twisted threads, wherein the twisted threads consist of first short fibers, second short fibers and third short fibers, and the weight of the first short fibers, the weight of the second short fibers and the weight of the third short fibers are 40kg, 30kg and 30kg respectively; the first short fiber is made of aramid II filaments with breaking strength of 20g/d, the second short fiber is made of aramid III filaments with breaking strength of 28g/d, and the third short fiber is made of PBO filaments with breaking strength of 32 g/d.
Example 2
This example takes ultra-high strength yarn of 100kg as an example
The ultra-high strength yarn consists of 2 twisted lines, wherein each twisted line consists of first short fibers, second short fibers and third short fibers, and the weight of each of the first short fibers, the second short fibers and the third short fibers is 35kg, 31kg and 34 kg; the first staple fiber is made of aramid II filaments with a breaking strength of 20g/d, the second uncrimped staple fiber is made of aramid III filaments with a breaking strength of 28g/d, and the third staple fiber is made of PBO filaments with a breaking strength of 32 g/d.
Example 3
This example shows a 150kg amount of ultra high strength yarn
An ultra-high strength yarn, wherein the yarn consists of 2 twisted threads, wherein the twisted threads consist of first short fibers, second short fibers and third short fibers, and the weight of the first short fibers, the weight of the second short fibers and the weight of the third short fibers are 40kg, 50kg and 60kg respectively; the first staple fiber is made of aramid II filaments with a breaking strength of 20g/d, the second uncrimped staple fiber is made of aramid III filaments with a breaking strength of 29g/d, and the third staple fiber is made of PBO filaments with a breaking strength of 36 g/d.
In this example, the first staple fiber, the second staple fiber, and the third staple fiber were all staple fibers having a length of 36 mm.
Example 4
This example shows 120kg of ultra-high strength yarn
An ultra-high strength yarn, wherein the yarn consists of 3 twisted threads, wherein the twisted threads consist of first short fibers, second short fibers and third short fibers, and the weight of the first short fibers, the weight of the second short fibers and the weight of the third short fibers are respectively 30kg, 50kg and 40 kg; the first staple fiber is made of aramid II filaments with a breaking strength of 20g/d, the second uncrimped staple fiber is made of aramid III filaments with a breaking strength of 28g/d, and the third staple fiber is made of PBO filaments with a breaking strength of 32 g/d.
In this example, the first staple fiber, the second staple fiber, and the third staple fiber were all 62mm staple fibers.
Example 5
This example shows a 150kg amount of ultra high strength yarn
An ultra-high strength yarn, wherein the yarn consists of 2 twisted threads, wherein the twisted threads consist of first short fibers, second short fibers and third short fibers, and the weight of the first short fibers, the weight of the second short fibers and the weight of the third short fibers are 40kg, 60kg and 50kg respectively; the first staple fiber is made of aramid II filaments with a breaking strength of 20g/d, the second uncrimped staple fiber is made of aramid III filaments with a breaking strength of 29g/d, and the third staple fiber is made of PBO filaments with a breaking strength of 36 g/d.
In this example, the length of the first staple fiber is taken from 32mm to 62mm, the length of the second staple fiber is taken from 32mm to 62mm, and the length of the third staple fiber is taken from 32mm to 62 mm.
Example 6
This example provides a spinning process for the ultra-high strength yarn described above, which can be used for the production of the ultra-high strength yarn described in examples 1-5 above; the process comprises the following steps:
a and wool opening: feeding the first short fiber, the second short fiber and the third short fiber into a wool-combining machine for wool blending; the fiber is required to be free of wool balls and impurities, the first short fiber is aramid II short fiber with crimp, and the second short fiber (aramid III short fiber) and the third short fiber (PBO short fiber) are crimp-free short fibers which are directly used for spinning;
B. combing: b, sending the short fibers obtained in the step A into a wool comber for combing to obtain wool tops;
C. three-step drawing: b, inputting the wool tops obtained in the step B into a drawing frame for drawing to obtain coarse wool tops;
D. roving: processing the rough wool tops obtained in the step C by a roving machine to obtain rough yarns;
E. spinning: and D, drafting the rough yarn obtained in the step D by a wool spinning long roller to obtain spun yarn.
Wherein, each process parameter in each step is carried out according to the existing semi-worsted wool spinning process parameter.
Example 7
Other steps are carried out according to the embodiment 6, in the embodiment, before opening before wool opening, the short fibers are firstly sprayed with the oil agent for balancing for 24 hours, and the water content is kept between 13 and 20 percent.
Example 8
On the basis of example 7, in this example, before opening before fluffing, the short fibers are sprayed with an oiling agent for balancing for 32 hours, and the water content is kept between 13 and 20 percent.
In order to better implement the present invention, the embodiment provides specific step requirements and parameters in the spinning process, which are specifically as follows;
in step B, the weight of the wool tops is controlled to be 18 g/5 m, the spacing of a cylinder cover plate of the carding machine is 0.54mm, 0.47mm, 0.47mm and 0.54mm, the rotating speed of a cylinder is 280 revolutions per minute, and the rotating speed of a doffer is as follows: 25 revolutions per minute and a lickerin revolution 534 revolutions per minute.
In step C, the three drawing passes, together: 6 and 1 root, requiring 18 g/m; draft multiple 6.03, sliver discharging speed: 120 m/min, moisture regain of 11%; secondly, combining: 10 pieces are combined into one piece, 14 g/5 m is required, the drawing multiple is 8.2, the drawing speed is as follows: 120 m/min, moisture regain 10.5%; and thirdly: 8 pieces are combined into one piece, 17 g/5 m is required, the drawing multiple is 9.05, the drawing speed is as follows: 120 m/min and the moisture regain of 9.5 percent.
In step E, the dry weight of the roving: 3 g/10 m, roving moisture regain 9%; the roving barrel of the roving frame is parallel to the sliver outlet of the drawing frame.
In step E, the roller gauge of the wool spinning long roller is 28 mm. The roller spacing of the wool spinning long roller is 12.5mm 30.5mm 50.5 mm; roller pressurization 15 daN/double ingot, gauge block specification: 12.5mm, ingot speed: 450 rpm, and 2.1 times draft in the back zone.
Example 9
This example differs from example 8 in that: before the implementation and the pre-wool opening, the short fibers are firstly sprayed with the oil agent for balancing for 48 hours, and the water content is kept between 13 and 20 percent.
In the drawing step, this embodiment is as follows: 6 and 1, 16 g/m. Draft multiple 6.03, sliver discharging speed: 120 m/min, moisture regain of 11%;
secondly, combining: 10 pieces are combined into one piece, 12 g/5 m is required, the drawing multiple is 8.2, the drawing speed is as follows: 120 m/min, moisture regain 10.5%;
and thirdly: one for 8, requiring 15 g/5 m, draft multiple 9.05, drawing speed: the moisture regain of 120 m/min is 9.5 percent;
in step E, the roller gauge of the wool spinning long roller is 63mm.
Example 10
The difference between this example and example 10 is: in the drawing step, this embodiment is as follows: 6 and 1, and 17 g/m is required. Draft multiple 6.03, sliver discharging speed: 120 m/min, moisture regain of 11%;
secondly, combining: 10 pieces are combined into one piece, 13 g/5 m is required, the drawing multiple is 8.2, the drawing speed is as follows: 120 m/min, moisture regain 10.5%;
and thirdly: 8 pieces are combined into one piece, 16 g/5 m is required, the drawing multiple is 9.05, the drawing speed is as follows: the moisture regain of 120 m/min is 9.5 percent; the roller gauge of the wool spinning long roller in the embodiment is 55 mm.
In the spinning process, the whole process humidity is controlled to be 70-80%.
The following statistics of the performance parameters of the ultra-high strength yarns of examples 1-5 are shown in table 1 below, wherein example 1 is spun by the process of example 6, example 2 is spun by the process of example 7, example 3 is spun by the process of example 8, and example 4 is spun by the process of example 9. Example 5 the process of example 10 was used for spinning.
TABLE 1
Claims (7)
1. An ultra high strength yarn, wherein the yarn comprises at least one twisted yarn, characterized in that: the twisted yarn at least comprises a first short fiber, a second short fiber and a third short fiber, wherein the first short fiber is made of aramid II filaments with breaking strength larger than 15g/d, the second short fiber is made of aramid III filaments with breaking strength larger than 27g/d, and the third short fiber is made of PBO filaments with breaking strength larger than 30 g/d;
the spinning process of the ultrahigh-strength yarn comprises the following steps:
a and wool opening: the first short fiber, the second short fiber and the third short fiber are mixed according to the weight ratio of 30-70: 30-100: 30-100 parts; the second short fiber and the third short fiber are not curled;
B. combing: b, sending the short fibers obtained in the step A into a wool comber for combing to obtain wool tops; the weight of the wool tops is controlled to be 18 g/5 m, the spacing of a cylinder cover plate of the carding machine is 0.54mm, 0.47mm, 0.47mm and 0.54mm, the rotating speed of a cylinder is 280 r/min, and the rotating speed of a doffer is as follows: 25 revolutions per minute, and the licker-in speed 534 revolutions per minute;
C. three-step drawing: b, inputting the wool tops obtained in the step B into a drawing frame for drawing to obtain coarse wool tops;
D. roving: processing the rough wool tops obtained in the step C by a roving machine to obtain rough yarns;
E. spinning: and D, drafting the rough yarn obtained in the step D by a wool spinning long roller to obtain spun yarn.
2. An ultra high strength yarn according to claim 1, wherein: the lengths of the first short fiber, the second short fiber and the third short fiber are respectively more than 36mm and less than 62 mm.
3. A process for spinning ultra high strength yarn as claimed in claim 1, wherein: before blending, the short fibers are sprayed with an oiling agent for balancing for 24-48 h, and the water content is kept at 13-20%.
4. A process for spinning ultra high strength yarn as claimed in claim 1, wherein: in step C, the three drawing passes, together: 1 in 6 pieces, and 16-18 g/m is required; draft multiple 6.03, sliver discharging speed: 120 m/min, moisture regain of 11%; secondly, combining: combining 10 fibers into one fiber, wherein the requirement is 12-14 g/5 m, the draft multiple is 8.2, and the sliver discharging speed is as follows: 120 m/min, moisture regain 10.5%; and thirdly: 8 pieces of the sliver are combined into one piece, the requirement is 15-17 g/5 m, the drafting multiple is 9.05, the sliver discharging speed is as follows: 120 m/min and the moisture regain of 9.5 percent.
5. A process for spinning ultra high strength yarn as claimed in claim 1, wherein: in step D, the dry weight of the roving: 3 g/10 m, roving moisture regain 9%; the roving barrel of the roving frame is parallel to the sliver outlet of the drawing frame.
6. A process for spinning ultra high strength yarn as claimed in claim 1, wherein: in the step E, the roller gauge of the wool spinning long roller is 28-63mm.
7. A process for spinning ultra high strength yarn as claimed in claim 1, wherein: in step E, the roller spacing of the wool spinning long roller is 12.5mm 30.5mm 50.5 mm; roller pressurization 15 daN/double ingot, gauge block specification: 12.5mm, ingot speed: 450 rpm, and 2.1 times draft in the back zone.
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