CN111304394A - Method for separating ferrotitanium from seaside placer by direct reduction-ore grinding magnetic separation - Google Patents
Method for separating ferrotitanium from seaside placer by direct reduction-ore grinding magnetic separation Download PDFInfo
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- CN111304394A CN111304394A CN202010126881.7A CN202010126881A CN111304394A CN 111304394 A CN111304394 A CN 111304394A CN 202010126881 A CN202010126881 A CN 202010126881A CN 111304394 A CN111304394 A CN 111304394A
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- magnetic separation
- ferrotitanium
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21B—MANUFACTURE OF IRON OR STEEL
- C21B13/00—Making spongy iron or liquid steel, by direct processes
- C21B13/006—Starting from ores containing non ferrous metallic oxides
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
- B03B—SEPARATING SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS
- B03B7/00—Combinations of wet processes or apparatus with other processes or apparatus, e.g. for dressing ores or garbage
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Abstract
A method for separating ferrotitanium from seaside placer by direct reduction-ore grinding magnetic separation comprises the following steps: (1) crushing the seashore placer until the particle size is less than or equal to 1 mm; (2) drying to obtain a raw material; (3) uniformly mixing the raw materials, a reducing agent, a slagging agent and a binder to prepare pellets; (4) directly reducing the pellets at 1100-1250 ℃ for 45-120 min, and cooling along with the furnace; (5) crushing the reducing material and grinding the reduced material; (6) carrying out low-intensity magnetic separation on the reduced powder to obtain magnetic concentrate and magnetic tailings; and (4) taking the magnetic separation tailings as titanium-rich slag. The invention reasonably combines the operations of gravity separation, magnetic separation and direct reduction, thereby increasing the operation productivity and the operation efficiency to the maximum extent.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of metallurgy, and particularly relates to a method for separating ferrotitanium from seaside placer by direct reduction-ore grinding magnetic separation.
Background
The seaside placer has the advantages of wide distribution, huge resource reserves, easy exploitation, low cost, high comprehensive utilization value and the like. However, titanium and iron minerals in the seashore placer are closely symbiotic, and effective separation is difficult to realize by adopting a conventional mineral separation process; at present, the seaside placer in most areas is only used as an ingredient, which causes serious waste of resources. It is urgent to develop a high-efficiency ferrotitanium separation and comprehensive utilization process aiming at the characteristics of the seaside placer materials.
Patent CN 201220070955.0 relates to a fine-grained seaside placer ore dressing device, and proposes that the novel device replaces an electric separator to treat fine-grained seaside placers so as to solve the problems of high production cost, low resource recovery rate, large environmental pollution and the like; however, when the device is used for producing the seashore placer, titanium and iron resources can not be effectively separated, high-quality titanium and iron concentrates cannot be obtained, and the problems of low processing capacity, low production efficiency and the like exist.
Patent CN201810473304.8 relates to a method for beneficiation of seashore placer, which puts seashore placer with a predetermined particle size range into a flotation tank, and preferentially obtains monazite concentrate products by sequentially carrying out operations of size mixing, soda, sodium hydroxide and water glass addition, first-stage stirring, oleic acid addition, second-stage stirring, foaming agent addition, flotation froth scraping, magnetic separation and the like. The method can obtain high-quality monazite products, but does not effectively recycle titanium and iron resources, and has the defects of complex process flow, great environmental pollution and the like.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a method for separating ferrotitanium from seashore placer by direct reduction-ore grinding magnetic separation, which comprises the steps of reselecting seashore placer, adding a reducing agent and a slagging agent for pelletizing reduction, and then separating magnetic iron from titanium by ore grinding magnetic separation, thereby realizing high-efficiency separation of titanium and iron and achieving the industrial practical level.
The method of the invention is carried out according to the following steps:
1. crushing the seashore placer until the particle size is less than or equal to 1mm to prepare mineral powder;
2. drying the mineral powder to remove water, and taking the dried mineral powder as a raw material;
3. uniformly mixing the raw materials, a reducing agent, a slagging agent and a binder, and then preparing pellets by a pelletizer; the reducing agent is coal powder, bituminous coal or anthracite; the slagging agent is quicklime or fluorite; the binder is bentonite or sodium carbonate;
4. directly reducing the pellets by adopting a rotary hearth furnace, a tunnel kiln or a rotary kiln at 1100-1250 ℃ for 45-120 min, and then cooling to normal temperature along with the furnace to prepare a reduced material;
5. crushing the reducing material to the particle size of 2-5 mm, grinding until the part with the particle size of less than or equal to 0.074mm accounts for more than or equal to 55% of the total mass, and preparing into reducing powder;
6. carrying out low-intensity magnetic separation on the reduced powder, wherein the magnetic field intensity during the low-intensity magnetic separation is 1000-2000 Oe, and obtaining magnetic concentrate and magnetic tailings; and (4) taking the magnetic separation tailings as titanium-rich slag.
The seaside placer contains 25-60% of Fe and TiO according to mass percentage28-40% and the particle diameter is 2-10 mm.
In the step 2, when the mass content of gangue minerals in the mineral powder is more than or equal to 10%, the mineral powder is reselected by adopting a spiral chute to obtain reselected concentrate and reselected tailings; the gravity concentration concentrate has the density of 4.3-5.2 g/cm3The components (a); and drying the gravity concentrate to remove water to obtain the raw material.
In the step 3, the amount of the reducing agent is 1.3-1.5 according to the molar ratio of the carbon element to the oxygen element in the raw materials and the reducing agent; the using amount of the slag former is 10-15% of the total mass of the raw materials; the using amount of the binder is 3-5% of the total mass of the raw materials; the grain diameters of the reducing agent, the binder and the slag former are less than or equal to 1 mm.
In the step 3, the diameter of the pellet is 10-15 mm.
In the step 4, the reaction formula of the reduction reaction is:
C+1/2O2→CO、
FeTiO3+C→Fe+TiO2+ CO and
FeTiO3+CO→Fe+TiO2+CO2。
in the step 5, the reducing material is crushed to the particle size of 2-5 mm, and then the ore is ground until the part with the particle size of less than or equal to 0.038mm accounts for more than or equal to 90% of the total mass to prepare the reducing powder.
In the step 6, a wet low-intensity magnetic separator is adopted for low-intensity magnetic separation.
The iron grade TFe of the magnetic separation concentrate is not less than 90 percent, and the recovery rate of iron is not less than 95 percent.
The recovery rate of titanium in the titanium-rich slag is more than or equal to 85 percent.
Compared with the prior method for utilizing the seaside placer, the method has the characteristics and advantages that: compared with the conventional magnetic separation and flotation process, the dressing and smelting combined process can realize the high-efficiency separation of ferrotitanium, when seaside placer gangue minerals are more, the gangue minerals with lower density are separated in a gravity separation mode (the gangue minerals are omitted when the gangue minerals are less), the iron titanate is converted into magnetic iron ore through direct reduction of a reducing agent, and finally a high-quality direct reduced iron product and titanium-rich slag are obtained, so that a high-quality raw material is provided for the subsequent steel and titanium white production industry; the non-coking coal reducing agents such as pulverized coal, bituminous coal and the like are adopted, the pollution to the environment is greatly reduced, the product characteristics are easy to control, and the large-scale operation is easy to realize.
The invention reasonably combines the operations of gravity separation, magnetic separation and direct reduction, thereby increasing the operation productivity and the operation efficiency to the maximum extent.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic flow chart of a method for separating ferrotitanium by direct reduction-ore grinding magnetic separation of seashore placer in example 4 of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The seashore placer adopted in the embodiment of the invention contains 34-56% of TFe and TiO according to mass percentage28～22％，SiO24～5％，Al2O31～4％，MgO 3～4％，CaO 0～1％。
In the seashore placer adopted in the embodiment of the invention, the ore minerals mainly comprise magnetite, ilmenite and hematite, and the gangue minerals mainly comprise quartz and calcite, and part of feldspar and chlorite.
In the embodiment of the invention, a high-pressure roller, a jaw crusher or a disc crusher is adopted for crushing.
In the embodiment of the invention, a ball mill is adopted for grinding ore.
The pelletizer in the embodiment of the invention is a disc pelletizer.
In the embodiment of the invention, a wet low-intensity magnetic separator is adopted for low-intensity magnetic separation.
In the embodiment of the invention, a wet low-intensity magnetic separator is adopted for low-intensity magnetic separation, and when the low-intensity magnetic separation is carried out, the material to be magnetically separated is prepared into ore pulp with the mass concentration of 25-35% and then is subjected to the low-intensity magnetic separation.
Example 1
The seashore placer contains 55.43 percent of Fe and TiO according to the mass percentage21.43％，SiO24.26％，Al2O33.41 percent of MgO, 3.73 percent of MgO, 0.67 percent of CaO and 2-10 mm of grain diameter;
crushing the seashore placer until the particle size is less than or equal to 1mm to prepare mineral powder;
drying the mineral powder to remove water, and taking the dried mineral powder as a raw material;
uniformly mixing the raw materials, a reducing agent, a slagging agent and a binder, and then preparing pellets by a pelletizer; the reducing agent is coal powder; the slagging agent is quicklime; the binder is bentonite; the dosage of the reducing agent is 1.4 according to the molar ratio of carbon element and oxygen element in the raw materials and the reducing agent; the using amount of the slag former is 10 percent of the total mass of the raw materials; the using amount of the binder is 4 percent of the total mass of the raw materials; the particle sizes of the reducing agent, the binder and the slag former are less than or equal to 1 mm; the diameter of the pellet is 10 mm;
performing direct reduction by using a rotary hearth furnace at 1150 ℃ for 90min, and cooling to normal temperature along with the furnace to prepare a reduced material;
crushing the reducing material to the particle size of 2-5 mm, and grinding until the part with the particle size of less than or equal to 0.074mm accounts for 70% of the total mass to prepare reducing powder;
carrying out low-intensity magnetic separation on the reduced powder, wherein the magnetic field intensity during the low-intensity magnetic separation is 1200Oe, and obtaining magnetic concentrate and magnetic tailings; the magnetic separation tailings are used as titanium-rich slag, and the recovery rate of titanium is 90.83%;
the iron grade TFe97.73% of the magnetic concentrate (high-quality iron powder) and the recovery rate of iron are 95%.
Example 2
The method is the same as example 1, except that:
(1) the seashore placer contains 54.24 percent of Fe and TiO according to the mass percentage27.32％，SiO24.76％，Al2O31.57％，MgO 3.63％，CaO 0.21％；
(2) The reducing agent is bituminous coal; the slagging agent is fluorite; the dosage of the reducing agent is 1.3 according to the molar ratio of carbon element and oxygen element in the raw materials and the reducing agent; the using amount of the slag former is 15 percent of the total mass of the raw materials; the using amount of the binder is 3 percent of the total mass of the raw materials;
(3) the diameter of the pellet is 15 mm;
(4) performing direct reduction in a tunnel kiln at 1200 ℃ for 60 min;
(5) grinding until the part with the grain diameter less than or equal to 0.074mm accounts for 75 percent of the total mass;
(6) the magnetic field intensity during low-intensity magnetic separation is 1500Oe, and the recovery rate of titanium is 92.03%; the iron grade TFe of the magnetic concentrate (high-quality iron powder) is 98.11 percent, and the recovery rate of iron is 96 percent.
Example 3
The method is the same as example 1, except that:
(1) the seashore placer contains 42.24 percent of Fe and TiO according to the mass percentage219.7％；
(2) The reducing agent is anthracite; the binder is sodium carbonate; the dosage of the reducing agent is 1.5 according to the molar ratio of carbon element and oxygen element in the raw materials and the reducing agent; the using amount of the slag former is 12 percent of the total mass of the raw materials; the using amount of the binder is 3 percent of the total mass of the raw materials;
(3) performing direct reduction in a rotary kiln at 1250 ℃ for 45 min;
(4) grinding until the part with the grain diameter less than or equal to 0.074mm accounts for 85 percent of the total mass;
(5) the magnetic field intensity during low-intensity magnetic separation is 1000Oe, and the recovery rate of titanium is 90.1%; the iron grade TFe93.6% of the magnetic concentrate (high-quality iron powder) and the recovery rate of iron are 96%.
Example 4
The flow is shown in figure 1;
the method is the same as example 1, except that:
(1) the seashore placer contains Fe36.1 percent and TiO according to the mass percentage221.7 percent; when the mass content of gangue minerals in the mineral powder is 15%, reselecting the mineral powder by adopting a spiral chute to obtain reselected concentrate and reselected tailings; what is needed isThe gravity concentration is 4.3-5.2 g/cm3The components (a); then drying the gravity concentrate to remove water to be used as a raw material; removing tailings;
(2) the slagging agent is fluorite; the binder is sodium carbonate; the dosage of the reducing agent is 1.5 according to the molar ratio of carbon element and oxygen element in the raw materials and the reducing agent; the using amount of the slag former is 13 percent of the total mass of the raw materials; the using amount of the binder is 5 percent of the total mass of the raw materials;
(3) the diameter of the pellet is 15 mm;
(4) the direct reduction temperature is 1100 ℃, and the time is 120 min;
(5) grinding until the part with the grain diameter less than or equal to 0.038mm accounts for more than or equal to 90 percent of the total mass;
(6) the magnetic field intensity during low-intensity magnetic separation is 2000Oe, and the recovery rate of titanium is 90.4%; the iron grade TFe95.4% of the magnetic concentrate (high-quality iron powder) and the recovery rate of iron are 96%.
Claims (8)
1. A method for separating ferrotitanium from seaside placer by direct reduction-ore grinding magnetic separation is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) crushing the seashore placer until the particle size is less than or equal to 1mm to prepare mineral powder;
(2) drying the mineral powder to remove water, and taking the dried mineral powder as a raw material;
(3) uniformly mixing the raw materials, a reducing agent, a slagging agent and a binder, and then preparing pellets by a pelletizer; the reducing agent is coal powder, bituminous coal or anthracite; the slagging agent is quicklime or fluorite; the binder is bentonite or sodium carbonate;
(4) directly reducing the pellets by adopting a rotary hearth furnace, a tunnel kiln or a rotary kiln at 1100-1250 ℃ for 45-120 min, and then cooling to normal temperature along with the furnace to prepare a reduced material;
(5) crushing the reducing material to the particle size of 2-5 mm, grinding until the part with the particle size of less than or equal to 0.074mm accounts for more than or equal to 55% of the total mass, and preparing into reducing powder;
(6) carrying out low-intensity magnetic separation on the reduced powder, wherein the magnetic field intensity during the low-intensity magnetic separation is 1000-2000 Oe, and obtaining magnetic concentrate and magnetic tailings; and (4) taking the magnetic separation tailings as titanium-rich slag.
2. The method for separating ferrotitanium by direct reduction-ore grinding magnetic separation of seashore placer according to claim 1, wherein the seashore placer contains 25-60% of Fe and TiO by mass percent28-40% and the particle diameter is 2-10 mm.
3. The method for separating ferrotitanium by direct reduction-ore grinding and magnetic separation of seashore placer according to claim 1, wherein in the step (2), when the mass content of gangue minerals in the mineral powder is more than or equal to 10%, the mineral powder is reselected by a spiral chute to obtain reselected concentrate and reselected tailings; the gravity concentration concentrate has the density of 4.3-5.2 g/cm3The components (a); and drying the gravity concentrate to remove water to obtain the raw material.
4. The method for separating ferrotitanium by direct reduction-ore grinding magnetic separation of seashore placer according to claim 1, characterized in that in step (3), the amount of reducing agent is 1.3-1.5 by mole ratio of carbon element and oxygen element in raw material and reducing agent; the using amount of the slag former is 10-15% of the total mass of the raw materials; the using amount of the binder is 3-5% of the total mass of the raw materials; the grain diameters of the reducing agent, the binder and the slag former are less than or equal to 1 mm.
5. The method for separating ferrotitanium by direct reduction-ore grinding magnetic separation of seashore placer ore according to claim 1, characterized in that in step (3), the diameter of the pellets is 10-15 mm.
6. The method for separating ferrotitanium by direct reduction-ore grinding magnetic separation of seashore placer according to claim 1, characterized in that in step (5), the reducing material is crushed to a particle size of 2-5 mm, and then the ore is ground until the part with the particle size of less than or equal to 0.038mm accounts for more than or equal to 90% of the total mass, and is made into reducing powder.
7. The method for magnetically separating ferrotitanium by direct reduction-ore grinding of seashore placer according to claim 1, characterized in that the iron grade TFe of the magnetic concentrate is not less than 90%, and the recovery rate of iron is not less than 95%.
8. The method for separating ferrotitanium by magnetic separation through direct reduction-ore grinding of seashore placer as claimed in claim 1, wherein the recovery rate of titanium in the titanium-rich slag is not less than 85%.
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| CN116715276A (en) * | 2023-06-20 | 2023-09-08 | 宁夏悦安新材料科技有限公司 | Method for producing carbonyl iron powder and titanium slag by treating ilmenite through carbonylation method |
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| CN112410539A (en) * | 2020-10-30 | 2021-02-26 | 河南佰利联新材料有限公司 | Method for sorting titanium middlings containing weak magnetic gangue minerals |
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Application publication date: 20200619 |