CN104087753B - A kind of lateritic nickel ore self catalyzed reduction produces the method for nickelic grade ferronickel powder - Google Patents

A kind of lateritic nickel ore self catalyzed reduction produces the method for nickelic grade ferronickel powder Download PDF

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CN104087753B
CN104087753B CN201410360982.5A CN201410360982A CN104087753B CN 104087753 B CN104087753 B CN 104087753B CN 201410360982 A CN201410360982 A CN 201410360982A CN 104087753 B CN104087753 B CN 104087753B
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nickel
ore
grade
pelletizing
reduction
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CN104087753A (en
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孙体昌
刘志国
寇珏
王晓平
于春晓
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University of Science and Technology Beijing USTB
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University of Science and Technology Beijing USTB
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Abstract

The present invention provides a kind of method that lateritic nickel ore self catalyzed reduction produces nickelic grade ferronickel powder, belongs to engineering of comprehensive utilization of mineral field.The method, by powdery lateritic nickel ore and reducing agent, binding agent mixed pelletizing by a certain percentage, carbonaceous pelletizing at high temperature reduction roasting, carries out multistage grinding, low intensity magnetic separation, magnetic tailing is carried out middle magnetic and scans after cooling, scavenger concentrate returns raw ore pelletizing.This part returns the feature of product and is fine size and contains a small amount of nickel iron metal granules, and it act as: fine grained is filled between coarse grained gap, improves pellet strength in balling process;In roasting process, on the one hand metallic iron promotes the reduction of nickel by being catalyzed coal gasification, on the other hand as the nucleator of newly-generated metal nickel-iron particle, promotes the agglomeration of metal nickel-iron particle.This technique is compared with current coal-based direct reduction magnetic separation process, and nickel recovery and nickel grade all significantly improve, and nickel recovery reaches 90%, nickel grade is up to more than 10%.

Description

A kind of lateritic nickel ore self catalyzed reduction produces the method for nickelic grade ferronickel powder
Technical field
The present invention relates to engineering of comprehensive utilization of mineral field, particularly relate to a kind of lateritic nickel ore self catalyzed reduction raw The method producing nickelic grade ferronickel powder.
Background technology
In recent years, along with easily selecting the quick of nickel sulfide resource to consume, whole world nickel industry is by the emphasis of development of resources Transfer to lateritic nickel ore (low-grade nickel ore) resource of rich reserves.Traditional limonite type laterite nickel Ore wet process processes and mainly includes the techniques such as high pressure acidleach, reduction roasting-ammonia leaching and normal pressure acidleach;Silicon magnesium types is red Soil nickel minerals pyrogenic attack includes the technique such as electric furnace reduction nickel metallurgy ferroalloy and sulfiding smelting output nickel matte.These pass System technique exists that energy consumption is high or inefficient problem.For finding new more effective lateritic nickel ore process side Method, nearest domestic scholars have developed lateritic nickel ore reduction roasting magnetic separation process.The method is with coal for reduction Agent, reduces to lateritic nickel ore at a certain temperature, makes the nickel in lateritic nickel ore and iron be reduced directly to gold Belonging to, then reclaim the nickel after reduction and iron by mill ore magnetic selection, obtain is the ferronickel of powdery, referred to as ferronickel Powder.Reduction roasting magnetic separation method processes the technique of lateritic nickel ore to have low cost, saves the energy, nickel recovery height Etc. feature.This technique is that the exploitation of lateritic nickel ore open new approach.
But it is in this process, in order to realize high efficiente callback and obtain the metal nickel-iron product of high-quality, logical Often need to add alkali metal containing or alkaline-earth metal material as additive, such as sodium carbonate, sodium sulphate etc..These Additive mainly has two aspect effects, and one is catalysis coal gasification, thus promotes the reduction of iron mineral, improves iron The rate of recovery;Second is as flux, improves the reactivity of nickeliferous silicate, optimizes metal nickel-iron particle Agglomeration condition, it is simple to the recovery of ferronickel particle, and optimize the removing of impurity, improve product quality. Although using these additives to have as above advantage, but too increase production cost.
Meanwhile, in conventional patent or paper, researcher generally to roasted product use one section or Multistage grinding, magnetic separation obtain last reduced nickel iron powder, but to roughly select and selected operation mine tailing process not Explain.There are about 15~20% nickel be lost in mine tailing, the nickel in this part mine tailing be mainly with small gold Belong to ferronickel particle to exist, but be because granularity superfine (generally below 10 μm), difficult during low intensity magnetic separation Enter into be captured in mine tailing, cause the waste of resource.
Therefore, the present invention, by reclaiming the nickel in mine tailing further, adds pelletizing to simultaneously as additive During, it is possible not only to Substitute For Partial additive, optimizes direct-reduction roasting process, also improve metallic nickel The rate of recovery, significant for effectively utilizing of lateritic nickel ore resource.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem to be solved in the present invention is to provide a kind of lateritic nickel ore self catalyzed reduction and produces nickelic grade The method of ferronickel powder.
The main processes of the method is as follows: first, by granularity below 2mm powdery lateritic nickel ore with Granularity at the reducing agent coal of below 2mm, additive according to 1:(0.05~0.1): the matter of (0.05~0.15) Amount, than mixing, adds the water of 8%~12%, is pressed into carbonaceous pelletizing after mixing on ball press;So After carry out dry carbonaceous pelletizing being reduced directly roasting, after the pelletizing after roasting is broken through primary grinding- One section of concentrate and one section of mine tailing is obtained after low intensity magnetic separation;The one section of concentrate obtained is after secondary grinding-low intensity magnetic separation Obtain reduced nickel iron powder (nickel recovery reaches 85%, and nickel grade is higher than 8%) and two sections of mine tailings;One obtained Section mine tailing directly carries out middle magnetic and scans, and obtains scavenger concentrate and mine tailing;By obtain two sections of mine tailings and scan essence Ore deposit returns to after merging mix pressure ball process, continues to participate in pelletizing;Now, the interpolation scope of additive can contract Little to 2%~10%, then through direct-reduction roasting-ore grinding-magnetic separation process same as described above, obtain nickelic Grade ferronickel powder (rate of recovery of nickel reaches 90%, nickel grade be higher than 10%), two sections of mine tailings of generation and scanning Concentrate returns to pressure ball process after merging.
Wherein, in lateritic nickel ore, nickel grade is 1.4%~2.0%, and Iron grade is between 25%~35%;Additive For lime and the combination of sodium sulphate, wherein the mass ratio of lime and sodium sulphate is 0~1:1;The carbon containing ball being dried The temperature range of group's direct-reduction roasting is 1150 DEG C~1250 DEG C, and the time of reduction roasting is 20~60min; The ore milling concentration of primary grinding and secondary grinding is 60%~70%;Primary grinding fineness accounts for for-0.074mm 60%~80%, secondary grinding fineness accounts for 85%~95% for-0.074mm;The magnetic field intensity scope of low intensity magnetic separation is 80~110kA/m, the magnetic field intensity scope that middle magnetic is scanned is 140~160kA/m.
The principle of the present invention is: in one section of mine tailing, nickel mainly presented in metal nickel-iron particle, But granularity is generally below 10 μm, can effectively reclaim by improving magnetic field intensity scanning operation.And two Section mine tailing contains fine-graded metal nickel-iron particle, two sections of mine tailings and scavenger concentrate and powdery lateritic nickel ore equally Mixed pelletizing, can improve the balling-up of material, improves pellet strength.Additionally metallic iron is urging of coal gasification Agent, and coal gasification reaction is the important rate-determining steps of carbonaceous pelletizing direct-reduction calcination, so adding After adding the product of this part nickel metal iron, it is possible to be catalyzed coal gasification thus promote ferronickel mineral reduction, improve The rate of recovery of nickel.Meanwhile, this part metals ferronickel particle can be as the nucleation of newly-generated metal nickel-iron particle Agent, promotes growing up of metallic particles, containing a lot of intergrowths in the two sections of mine tailings additionally returned and scavenger concentrate Particle, can promote the mineral of ferronickel particle growth containing FeS etc..Its effect and the alkali metal added at present or The effect of alkaline-earth metal salt is similar, therefore can play part and substitute the effect of additive.
The process utilizing the present invention can obtain nickeliferous more than 10% effectively from lateritic nickel ore, and nickel reclaims Rate reach 90% and other impurity contents meet the ferronickel powder of iron-making and steel-making raw material standard.With existing method phase Ratio, the inventive method has a characteristic that the nickel in (1) synthetical recovery rougher tailings and two sections of mine tailings becomes Point, make closed circuit flow process nickel recovery reach more than 90%, hence it is evident that higher than current flow process;(2) two sections of mine tailings and Scavenger concentrate returns pelletizing, improves the balling-up of material, it is possible to reduce additive amount;(3) two sections of tails Metallic iron in ore deposit and scavenger concentrate can be catalyzed coal gasification and serve as the nucleation of newly-generated metal nickel-iron particle Agent, thus promote reduction and the growth of metal nickel-iron particle of nickel oxide, make ferronickel particle loss at tail Probability in ore deposit reduces;(4) containing a lot of intergrowth particles in the two sections of mine tailings returned and scavenger concentrate, meeting The mineral of ferronickel particle growth are promoted, its effect and alkali metal containing or the additive of alkaline-earth metal containing FeS etc. Effect be similar to, such that it is able to reduce additive amount;(5) due to the recovery of one section of mine tailing, decrease The discharge in finality ore deposit so that technique more environmental protection.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the technological process of the lateritic nickel ore self-catalysis nickelic grade ferronickel powder of production of the present invention.
Detailed description of the invention
For making the technical problem to be solved in the present invention, technical scheme and advantage clearer, below in conjunction with attached Figure and specific embodiment are described in detail.
The present invention is directed to the problem that existing process lateritic nickel ore nickel recovery is low, it is provided that a kind of lateritic nickel ore is certainly The method of catalytic production nickelic grade ferronickel powder.
As it is shown in figure 1, be the technological process of the lateritic nickel ore self-catalysis nickelic grade ferronickel powder of production of the present invention Figure, is illustrated for two example two by specifically arranging such as workflow graph.
Embodiment 1
Certain lateritic nickel ore iron content 34.69%, nickeliferous 1.49%.Crushing raw ore accounts for 100% to-2mm, adds 5% Reducing agent coal, add the sodium sulphate of 10%, adding water about 11% mixes at roll type ball press upper pressing ball, Carbonaceous pelletizing green-ball drop resistant intensity average out to 7 time/obtained, compression strength 48N/;Dried dry Ball drop resistant intensity is 9 times/, and compression strength is 360N/.Then reduce at 1200 DEG C in Muffle furnace Roasting 50min.First it is crushed to-2mm after roasted ore cooling, then uses stage grinding, sort, one section of mill Ore deposit concentration is 68%, and fineness accounts for 65% for-0.074mm, and secondary grinding concentration is 62%, and fineness is-0.074mm Accounting for 95%, two stages of magnetic separation field intensity is intensity 89.6kA/m.The final nickel grade that obtains is 9.82%, and nickel reclaims Rate is 86.32%, and other impurity contents meet the reduced nickel iron powder of steel-making requirements, and obtain two sections of mine tailings.
By one section of mine tailing, using the field intensity of 150kA/m to carry out middle magnetic and scan, it is thus achieved that nickeliferous 9.7%, nickel returns Yield is the chats product of 9.1%.By this chats product and two sections of mine tailing pelletizings together with raw ore and reducing agent, Being 7% at sodium sulphate consumption, the carbonaceous pelletizing green-ball drop resistant obtained under conditions of other pressure ball conditions are identical is strong Degree average out to 8 time/, compression strength 67N/;Dried dry bulb drop resistant intensity is 12 times/, anti- Compressive Strength is 454N/.Pelletizing processes through foregoing schemes again, and the final nickel grade that obtains is 11.12%, Nickel recovery is 90.32%, and other impurity contents meet high-purity reduced nickel iron powder of steel-making requirements.
Embodiment 2
Certain lateritic nickel ore, iron content 26.68%, nickeliferous 1.46%.Crushing raw ore accounts for 100% to-1mm, adds The reducing agent coal of 5%, lime with 5% and the sodium sulphate of 10%, as mixed sweetening agent, add water 10%, and mixing exists Roll type ball press upper pressing ball.Carbonaceous pelletizing green-ball drop resistant intensity average out to 7 time/obtained, pressure resistance Degree 50N/;Pelletizing is dried, and drop resistant intensity is 9 times/, and compression strength is 156N/.By carbon containing Pelletizing is placed in Muffle furnace reduction roasting 50min at 1150 DEG C;-2mm first it is crushed to, so after roasted ore cooling Rear employing stage grinding, sorting, primary grinding concentration is 65%, and fineness accounts for 65% for-0.074mm, two sections Ore milling concentration is 60%, and fineness accounts for 95% for-0.074mm, and two stages of magnetic separation field intensity is intensity 89.6kA/m. Final acquisition nickel content 9.01%, nickel recovery 85.79%, other impurity contents meet the reduction of steel-making requirements Ferronickel powder, and obtain two sections of mine tailings.
By one section of mine tailing, using the field intensity of 150kA/m to carry out middle magnetic and scan, it is thus achieved that nickeliferous 9.8%, nickel returns Yield is the chats product of 8.9%.By this chats product and two sections of mine tailing pelletizings together with raw ore and reducing agent, Being 3% at lime consumption, sodium sulphate consumption is 6%, the carbon containing obtained in the case of other pressure ball conditions are identical Pelletizing green-ball drop resistant intensity average out to 7 time/, compression strength 58N/;Dried dry bulb drop resistant intensity Being 9 times/, compression strength is 165N/.Pelletizing processes through foregoing schemes again, finally obtains nickel Content 10.20%, nickel recovery 90.43%, other impurity contents meet high-purity reduced nickel of steel-making requirements Iron powder.
The above is the preferred embodiment of the present invention, it is noted that for the common skill of the art For art personnel, on the premise of without departing from principle of the present invention, it is also possible to make some improvements and modifications, These improvements and modifications also should be regarded as protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (1)

1. the method that a lateritic nickel ore self catalyzed reduction produces nickelic grade ferronickel powder, it is characterised in that: by powdery lateritic nickel ore with also Former dose, additive is according to 1:(0.05~0.1): the mass ratio mixing of (0.05~0.15), add the water of 8%~12%, mixing On ball press, carbonaceous pelletizing it is pressed into after Jun Yun;Then carry out dry carbonaceous pelletizing being reduced directly roasting, the ball after roasting After primary grinding-low intensity magnetic separation, one section of concentrate and one section of mine tailing is obtained after group is broken;The one section of concentrate obtained through secondary grinding- Reduced nickel iron powder and two sections of mine tailings are obtained after low intensity magnetic separation;The one section of mine tailing obtained directly carries out middle magnetic and scans, obtain scavenger concentrate and Mine tailing;Return to pressure ball process after obtain two sections of mine tailings and scavenger concentrate being merged, continue to participate in pelletizing;The reduced nickel obtained In iron powder, nickel recovery reaches 85%, nickel grade reaches more than 8%;
In described lateritic nickel ore, nickel grade is 1.4%~2.0%, and Iron grade is between 25%~35%;Powdery lateritic nickel ore granularity is at 2mm Below;Described reducing agent is coal, and granularity is at below 2mm;Described additive is the combination of lime and sodium sulphate, wherein lime It is 0~1:1 with the mass ratio of sodium sulphate;The temperature range of the carbonaceous pelletizing direct-reduction roasting being dried is 1150 DEG C~1250 DEG C, The time of reduction roasting is 20~60min;
The ore milling concentration of primary grinding and secondary grinding is 60%~70%;Primary grinding fineness accounts for 60%~80% for-0.074mm, and two Section mog accounts for 85%~95% for-0.074mm;The magnetic field intensity scope of low intensity magnetic separation is 80~110kA/m, and middle magnetic is scanned Magnetic field intensity scope be 140~160kA/m;
Pelletizing after two sections of mine tailings and scavenger concentrate return raw ore, wherein the interpolation scope of additive is 2%~10%, through direct-reduction In the nickelic grade ferronickel powder obtained after roasting-magnetic separation, nickel recovery reaches 90%, and nickel grade reaches more than 10%.
CN201410360982.5A 2014-07-25 2014-07-25 A kind of lateritic nickel ore self catalyzed reduction produces the method for nickelic grade ferronickel powder Expired - Fee Related CN104087753B (en)

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CN109013051B (en) * 2018-07-12 2021-01-05 张雷 Method and device for producing high-nickel alloy by coal-based direct reduction and magnetic separation
CN109355492A (en) * 2018-11-08 2019-02-19 昆明理工大学 A method of dilval is prepared using low-grade laterite nickel ore
CN112410541A (en) * 2021-01-25 2021-02-26 矿冶科技集团有限公司 Preparation method of magnetic concentrate, magnetic concentrate and application thereof, and method for enriching heavy metal by metallization reduction of iron-containing multi-metal oxide ore
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