CN111304376A - Environment-friendly tanning method and device for leather - Google Patents
Environment-friendly tanning method and device for leather Download PDFInfo
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- CN111304376A CN111304376A CN202010150872.1A CN202010150872A CN111304376A CN 111304376 A CN111304376 A CN 111304376A CN 202010150872 A CN202010150872 A CN 202010150872A CN 111304376 A CN111304376 A CN 111304376A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C14—SKINS; HIDES; PELTS; LEATHER
- C14B—MECHANICAL TREATMENT OR PROCESSING OF SKINS, HIDES OR LEATHER IN GENERAL; PELT-SHEARING MACHINES; INTESTINE-SPLITTING MACHINES
- C14B1/00—Manufacture of leather; Machines or devices therefor
- C14B1/02—Fleshing, unhairing, samming, stretching-out, setting-out, shaving, splitting, or skiving skins, hides, or leather
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C14—SKINS; HIDES; PELTS; LEATHER
- C14B—MECHANICAL TREATMENT OR PROCESSING OF SKINS, HIDES OR LEATHER IN GENERAL; PELT-SHEARING MACHINES; INTESTINE-SPLITTING MACHINES
- C14B5/00—Clicking, perforating, or cutting leather
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C14—SKINS; HIDES; PELTS; LEATHER
- C14C—CHEMICAL TREATMENT OF HIDES, SKINS OR LEATHER, e.g. TANNING, IMPREGNATING, FINISHING; APPARATUS THEREFOR; COMPOSITIONS FOR TANNING
- C14C1/00—Chemical treatment prior to tanning
- C14C1/04—Soaking
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C14—SKINS; HIDES; PELTS; LEATHER
- C14C—CHEMICAL TREATMENT OF HIDES, SKINS OR LEATHER, e.g. TANNING, IMPREGNATING, FINISHING; APPARATUS THEREFOR; COMPOSITIONS FOR TANNING
- C14C1/00—Chemical treatment prior to tanning
- C14C1/06—Facilitating unhairing, e.g. by painting, by liming
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C14—SKINS; HIDES; PELTS; LEATHER
- C14C—CHEMICAL TREATMENT OF HIDES, SKINS OR LEATHER, e.g. TANNING, IMPREGNATING, FINISHING; APPARATUS THEREFOR; COMPOSITIONS FOR TANNING
- C14C1/00—Chemical treatment prior to tanning
- C14C1/08—Deliming; Bating; Pickling; Degreasing
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C14—SKINS; HIDES; PELTS; LEATHER
- C14C—CHEMICAL TREATMENT OF HIDES, SKINS OR LEATHER, e.g. TANNING, IMPREGNATING, FINISHING; APPARATUS THEREFOR; COMPOSITIONS FOR TANNING
- C14C3/00—Tanning; Compositions for tanning
- C14C3/02—Chemical tanning
- C14C3/28—Multi-step processes
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Abstract
The invention discloses an environment-friendly tanning method of leather, which comprises the following operation steps: step S1, raw material pretreatment; step S2, tanning treatment; step S3, rinsing and neutralizing; step S4, finishing treatment, wherein the leather environment-friendly tanning device comprises a base, a fixing frame and a rotary drum, the fixing frame is arranged on the base, the rotary drum is arranged on the fixing frame and is rotationally connected with two ends of the fixing frame, a wastewater recovery bin is arranged below the base and is communicated with the base.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of leather processing, in particular to an environment-friendly tanning method and device for leather.
Background
The tanning of leather is to use tannin to carry out chemical and physical processing on protein in the skin, and the protein in the skin of animals such as cattle, pigs, sheep and the like is changed in a series of processes by adopting a plurality of chemical agents, so that collagen is denatured. The tanned leather is soft, firm, wear-resistant and not easy to decay, so that the tanned leather can be used for making various leather daily necessities; according to the components of the tanning agent, the tanning agent can be divided into heavy metal tanning agents such as a chromium tanning agent, a zirconium tanning agent and an aluminum tanning agent, biomass tanning agents represented by a modified protein tanning agent, an amino acid tanning agent and the like, plant acid tanning agents represented by plant tannin, tannin extract and the like, and a combined tanning agent used by combining a plurality of tanning agents, wherein the vegetable tanning is to process leather by using the plant tanning agents, the processing process is relatively environment-friendly, and the processed leather is good in formability, full and elastic in a plate surface and free of greasy feeling; the grain surface and the suede of leather are glossy, water absorption is easy to soften, plasticity is strong, the color is changed from light meat pink to light brown, the leather is most suitable for being used as a leather carving process, and a heavy metal tanning agent can cause serious pollution to the environment in the using process, so the heavy metal tanning agent is gradually replaced by a biomass tanning agent and a vegetable acid tanning agent, however, the existing tanning method is high in cost, complex in treatment equipment and long in time consumption, and in view of the above, the scheme is generated by deep research aiming at the problems.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the problems, designs an environment-friendly tanning method and device for leather, and solves the problems of high cost, complex treatment equipment and long time consumption of the tanning method in the prior art.
The technical scheme of the invention for realizing the aim is as follows: an environment-friendly tanning method of leather comprises the following operation steps: step S1, raw material pretreatment; step S2, tanning treatment; step S3, rinsing and neutralizing; step S4, finishing processing;
the step S1: soaking the dried animal skin, removing meat, degreasing, unhairing, splitting skin, and pickling for softening to obtain raw skin;
the step S2: putting the raw hide obtained in the step S1 into a tanning device, adding water and a plant tanning agent, soaking for 5-8 hours, adding 1-2 parts of water, 5-6 parts of the plant tanning agent, 1-1.5 parts of ammonium sulfate and 8-10 parts of sodium chloride by taking the mass of the raw hide as a base number, rotating for 2-3 hours, and maintaining the temperature at 29 ℃ in the tanning process to prepare a primary tanning leather material;
the step S3: pouring 2/3 of the tanned waste liquid in the step S2, adding 1-2% of sodium bicarbonate, rotating for 3-4 hours at 50-60 ℃, taking out the leather material after rotation, washing with water, then putting the leather material into a protease solution with the concentration of 0.15% and the temperature of 38-42 ℃ for soaking for 16-20min, continuously stirring during the period, taking out and washing, and finishing tanning;
the step S4: the leather is processed to a uniform thickness, useless corners are trimmed off, and straight edges are cut into round edges.
The vegetable tanning agent in the step S2 is composed of polyphenol derivatives, has a complex structure, and the phenolic hydroxyl groups of the vegetable tanning agent can be combined with the amido groups of the collagen peptide chain through hydrogen bonds to generate multi-point crosslinking to perform tanning action.
The plant tanning agent in the step S2 can adopt larch tannin extract, valonia, waxberry, allspice, shaddock and black wattle bark tannin extract.
The step S4 may further include layering and retanning the leather.
An environment-friendly leather tanning device comprises a base, a fixing frame and a rotary drum, wherein the fixing frame is arranged on the base, the rotary drum is arranged on the fixing frame and is rotatably connected with two ends of the fixing frame, a wastewater recovery bin is arranged below the base and is communicated with the base, a rotary control mechanism is arranged on the fixing frame, an opening is formed in the side wall of the rotary drum, a sliding type closing mechanism is arranged at the position of the opening, and an auxiliary discharging mechanism is arranged on the base and is positioned below the rotary drum;
the swing control mechanism includes: the temperature control device comprises a drive control structure, a protective cover and a temperature adjusting structure;
the driving control structure is arranged on the fixed frame and connected with the side wall of the rotary drum, the protective cover is buckled on the side wall of the rotary drum, an S-shaped groove is formed in the inner wall of the protective cover, and the temperature adjusting structure is arranged in the S-shaped groove;
the sliding closure mechanism comprises: the sliding door comprises a limiting sliding structure, a pair of sealing doors with the same structure and a pair of sliding control structures with the same structure;
the limiting sliding part is arranged on the side wall of the rotary drum and positioned on the upper side and the lower side of the opening, the sealing doors are arranged on the sliding limiting structure and attached to the side wall of the rotary drum, and the sliding control structure is arranged on the side wall of the rotary drum and connected with the side wall of the sealing door.
The drive control structure includes: the driving motor, the speed reducer, the rotating shaft, the driving gear and the annular rack;
the driving motor is arranged on the fixing frame and located on one side of the rotary drum, the speed reducer is arranged on one side of the driving motor, the input end of the speed reducer is connected with the driving end of the driving motor, the rotary shaft is arranged on the output end of the speed reducer, the driving gear is fixedly sleeved on the rotary shaft, and the annular rack is fixedly sleeved on the side wall of the rotary drum and meshed with the driving gear.
The temperature adjustment structure includes: the temperature sensor, the heating wire, the storage battery and the first controller module;
the temperature sensor is arranged in the rotary drum, the heating wire is embedded in an S-shaped groove in the protective cover, the storage battery is arranged on the side wall of the protective cover, and the first controller module is arranged on one side of the storage battery and is respectively connected with the temperature sensor, the heating wire and the storage battery.
Spacing sliding construction includes: the sliding block comprises a rubber frame, a pair of sliding grooves with the same structure and two pairs of sliding blocks with the same structure;
the rubber frame is fixedly sleeved on the opening position on the rotating side wall, the pair of sliding grooves are respectively arranged on the upper side and the lower side of the opening and correspond to each other, and the two pairs of sliding blocks are respectively sleeved in the pair of sliding grooves in a sliding mode and are respectively fixedly connected with the pair of sealing doors.
The slide control structure includes: the device comprises a fixed seat, a first electric push rod and a pair of telescopic rods with the same structure;
the fixing seat is arranged on the side wall of the rotary drum and located between the pair of sliding grooves, the first electric push rod is arranged on the fixing seat, the movable end of the first electric push rod is fixedly connected with the sealing door, and the pair of telescopic rods are respectively arranged on two sides of the first electric push rod, and two ends of the pair of telescopic rods are respectively connected with the sealing door and the fixing seat.
The supplementary discharge mechanism includes: the sliding trolley, the conical groove and the filter grid plate;
the sliding trolley is arranged on the base and is just opposite to the position of the wastewater recovery bin, the conical groove is arranged on the sliding trolley, the lower end of the conical groove is of an open structure, and the filter grid plate is arranged in the conical groove and is positioned above the open structure. .
The environment-friendly tanning method and the device for the leather manufactured by the technical scheme of the invention improve the prior leather tanning method, the tanning speed is improved by adjusting the temperature and the PH value in the tanning process of the raw leather, the plant tanning agent, ammonium sulfate and sodium chloride are adopted as the main components of the tanning liquid in the whole tanning process, and is neutralized by sodium bicarbonate, the wastewater treatment is simpler, the whole process is environment-friendly, the rotary drum is controlled by matching with a rotary control mechanism on the environment-friendly tanning device, the operation is stable, the controllability is high, the sliding type sealing mechanism can control the sealing door to be opened and closed quickly, meanwhile, the sealing performance in the rotation process is ensured, the structure is simple, the efficiency is high, the stability is high, and the problems that the tanning method is high in cost, the processing equipment is complex and the consumed time is long in the prior art are solved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a leather environment-friendly tanning device according to the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a side view of the A-A position of the leather environment-friendly tanning device.
FIG. 3 is a schematic top view of the leather tanning apparatus.
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of a enlarged structure of a part of FIG. 1 of an environment-friendly tanning apparatus for leather according to the present invention.
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of a position a of the leather environment-friendly tanning device of the present invention.
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of the position b of the leather environment-friendly tanning device of the present invention.
In the figure: 1-a base; 2-a fixing frame; 3-a rotating drum; 4-a wastewater recovery bin; 5-a protective cover; 6-sealing the door; 7-driving a motor; 8-a reducer; 9-a rotating shaft; 10-a drive gear; 11-a ring-shaped rack; 12-a temperature sensor; 13-electric heating wire; 14-a storage battery; 15-a first controller module; 16-a rubber frame; 17-a chute; 18-a slide block; 19-a fixed seat; 20-a first electric push rod; 21-a telescopic rod; 22-a sliding trolley; 23-a tapered slot; 24-filtration grid plate.
Detailed Description
The invention is described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings, as shown in fig. 1-6, an environment-friendly tanning method for leather comprises the following steps: step S1, raw material pretreatment; step S2, tanning treatment; step S3, rinsing and neutralizing; step S4, finishing processing, step S1: the dried animal skin is soaked in water, fleshed, degreased, unhaired, flaked, and pickled for softening to obtain the raw skin, and the step S2: putting the raw hide obtained in the step S1 into a tanning device, adding water and a plant tanning agent, soaking for 5-8 hours, adding 1-2 parts of water, 5-6 parts of the plant tanning agent, 1-1.5 parts of ammonium sulfate and 8-10 parts of sodium chloride according to the mass of the raw hide, rotating for 2-3 hours, and maintaining the temperature at 29 ℃ in the tanning process to prepare a primary tanning hide, wherein the step S3: pouring 2/3 of the tanned waste liquid in the step S2, adding 1-2% of sodium bicarbonate, rotating for 3-4 hours at 50-60 ℃, taking out and washing the leather after rotation, then putting the leather into a protease solution with the concentration of 0.15% and the temperature of 38-42 ℃ for soaking for 16-20min, continuously stirring the leather during the soaking, taking out and washing the leather, and finishing tanning, wherein the step S4: the method comprises the following steps of processing the leather in a thickness mode to enable the thickness of the whole leather to be uniform, trimming useless edges and corners, and cutting straight edges into round edges, wherein the plant tanning agent in the step S2 is composed of polyphenol derivatives, is complex in structure, phenolic hydroxyl groups of the plant tanning agent can be combined with amide groups of a leather collagen peptide chain through hydrogen bonds to generate multi-point crosslinking to achieve a tanning effect, the plant tanning agent in the step S2 can be larch tannin extract, valonia, waxberry, passion fruit, grapefruit and black wattle bark tannin extract, and the step S4 can also comprise the step of layering and retanning leather materials.
The utility model provides an environment-friendly tanning device of leather, includes base 1, mount 2 and rotary drum 3, mount 2 install in on the base 1, rotary drum 3 install in on the mount 2, and with 2 both ends of mount are rotated and are connected, 1 below of base be provided with waste water recovery storehouse 4, and with base 1 is linked together, be provided with rotary control mechanism on the mount 2, the opening has been seted up on 3 lateral walls of rotary drum, be provided with slidingtype closing mechanism on the open position, be provided with supplementary discharge mechanism on the base 1, and be located 3 below of rotary drum, rotary control mechanism includes: drive control structure, protection casing 5 and temperature regulation structure, drive control structure install in on mount 2, and with 3 lateral walls of rotary drum are connected, 5 spiral-lock of protection casing in on 3 lateral walls of rotary drum, S type recess has been seted up on 5 inner walls of protection casing, temperature regulation structure install in the S type recess, slidingtype closing mechanism includes: spacing sliding structure, a pair of sealing door 6 that the structure is the same and a pair of slide control structure that the structure is the same, spacing slip portion install in on the 3 lateral walls of rotary drum, and be located both sides about the opening, it is a pair of sealing door 6 all install in on the slip spacing structure, and with the 3 lateral walls of rotary drum laminate mutually, it is a pair of slide control structure install in on the 3 lateral walls of rotary drum, and respectively with a pair of 6 lateral walls of sealing door are connected, the drive control structure includes: driving motor 7, reduction gear 8, axis of rotation 9, driving gear 10 and annular rack 11, driving motor 7 install in on mount 2, and be located rotary drum 3 one side, reduction gear 8 install in driving motor 7 one side, and the input with driving motor 7's drive end is connected, axis of rotation 9 install in on reduction gear 8's the output, driving gear 10 is fixed suit in on the axis of rotation 9, annular rack 11 is fixed suit in on the lateral wall of rotary drum 3, and with driving gear 10 meshes mutually, the temperature regulation structure includes: temperature sensor 12, heating wire 13, battery 14 and first controller module 15, temperature sensor 12 install in rotary drum 3, heating wire 13 inlay the dress in the S type recess in the protection casing 5, battery 14 install on the protection casing 5 lateral wall, first controller module 15 install in battery 14 one side, and respectively with temperature sensor 12, heating wire 13 and battery 14 are connected, spacing sliding structure includes: the sliding door comprises a rubber frame 16, a pair of sliding grooves 17 with the same structure and two pairs of sliding blocks 18 with the same structure, wherein the rubber frame 16 is fixedly sleeved on an opening position on the rotating side wall, the sliding grooves 17 are respectively arranged on the upper side and the lower side of the opening and correspond to each other, the sliding blocks 18 are respectively sleeved in the sliding grooves 17 in a pair in a sliding mode and are respectively fixedly connected with the sealing door 6 in a pair, and the sliding control structure comprises: fixing base 19, first electric putter 20 and a pair of telescopic link 21 that the structure is the same, fixing base 19 install on 3 lateral walls of rotary drum, and be located a pair of between the spout 17, first electric putter 20 install on fixing base 19, and the expansion end with sealing door 6 fixed connection, a pair of telescopic link 21 install respectively in first electric putter 20 both sides, and both ends respectively with sealing door 6 and fixing base 19 are connected, supplementary discharge mechanism includes: sliding trolley 22, conical chute 23 and filtration grating board 24, sliding trolley 22 set up in on the base 1, just right waste water recovery storehouse 4 positions, conical chute 23 install in on sliding trolley 22, conical chute 23 lower extreme is open structure, filtration grating board 24 set up in the conical chute 23, and be located the open structure top.
The implementation scheme is characterized by comprising the following operation steps: step S1, raw material pretreatment; step S2, tanning treatment; step S3, rinsing and neutralizing; step S4, finishing process, step S1: soaking the dried animal skin, fleshing, degreasing, unhairing, splitting skin, pickling and softening to obtain the raw skin, and carrying out S2: putting the raw hide obtained in the step S1 into a tanning device, adding water and a plant tanning agent, soaking for 5-8 hours, adding 1-2 parts of water, 5-6 parts of the plant tanning agent, 1-1.5 parts of ammonium sulfate and 8-10 parts of sodium chloride according to the mass of the raw hide, rotating for 2-3 hours, keeping the temperature at 29 ℃ in the tanning process to prepare a primary tanning leather material, and performing the step S3: pouring 2/3 of the tanned waste liquid in the step S2, adding 1-2% of sodium bicarbonate, rotating for 3-4 hours at 50-60 ℃, taking out the leather after rotation, washing with water, then putting the leather into a protease solution with the concentration of 0.15% and the temperature of 38-42 ℃ for soaking for 16-20min, continuously stirring during the period, taking out, washing and finishing tanning, and the step S4: processing the thickness of the leather to ensure that the thickness of the whole leather is uniform, trimming useless corners, and cutting a straight opening into a round opening; the utility model provides an environment-friendly tanning device of leather, which comprises a base 1, mount 2 and rotary drum 3, mount 2 is installed on base 1, rotary drum 3 is installed on mount 2, and rotate with 2 both ends of mount and be connected, 1 below of base is provided with waste water recovery storehouse 4, and be linked together with base 1, be provided with rotary control mechanism on the mount 2, the opening has been seted up on 3 lateral walls of rotary drum, be provided with slidingtype closing mechanism on the open position, be provided with supplementary discharge mechanism on the base 1, and be located 3 below of rotary drum, rotary control mechanism includes: drive control structure, protection casing 5 and temperature regulation structure, drive control structure install on mount 2, and be connected with 3 lateral walls of rotary drum, and protection casing 5 spiral-lock has seted up S type recess on 3 lateral walls of rotary drum on, the temperature regulation structure is installed in S type recess, and slidingtype closing mechanism includes: the environment-friendly tanning method and the device for the leather improve the prior leather tanning method, improve the tanning speed by adjusting the temperature and the PH value in the tanning process of the raw leather, adopt plant tanning agent, ammonium sulfate and sodium chloride as main components of tanning liquid in the whole tanning process, neutralize through sodium bicarbonate, have simpler wastewater treatment, belong to environment-friendly type in the whole process, and cooperate with a rotary control mechanism on the environment-friendly tanning device to carry out rotary control on the rotary drum 3, the tanning machine has the advantages that the operation is stable, the controllability is high, the sliding type sealing mechanism can control the sealing door 6 to be opened and closed quickly, meanwhile, the sealing performance in the rotation process is guaranteed, the structure is simple, the efficiency is high, and the problems that in the prior art, the tanning method is high in cost, the processing equipment is complex, and the time consumption is long are solved.
All the electrical components in the present application are connected with the power supply adapted to the electrical components through the wires, and an appropriate controller should be selected according to actual conditions to meet the control requirements, and specific connection and control sequences should be obtained.
Example 1: in the specific implementation process, the leather tanning work is carried out according to the following steps, which comprise the following operation steps:
step S1, raw material pretreatment: soaking the dried animal skin, removing meat, degreasing, unhairing, splitting skin, and pickling for softening to obtain raw skin;
step S2, tanning process: putting the peltry obtained in the step S1 into a tanning device, adding water and a plant tanning agent, adding 2 parts of water based on the mass of the peltry when the soaking time is 5 hours, adding 5% of the plant tanning agent, 1% of ammonium sulfate and 8% of sodium chloride, rotating for 2 hours, maintaining the temperature at 29 ℃ in the tanning process to prepare a preliminary tanning leather material, wherein the plant tanning agent consists of a polyphenol derivative, has a complex structure, can be combined with an amide group of a skin collagen peptide chain through a hydrogen bond to generate multi-point crosslinking to perform a tanning function, and can adopt larch tannin extract, valonia, waxberry, passion fruit, pomelo and black wattle bark tannin extract as the plant tanning agent;
step S3, rinsing neutralization: pouring 2/3 of the waste liquid tanned in the step S2 out, adding 1% of sodium bicarbonate, rotating for 3 hours, keeping the temperature at 50 ℃, taking out the leather after rotation, washing the leather with water, then putting the leather into a protease solution with the concentration of 0.15% and the temperature at 38 ℃ for soaking for 16min, continuously stirring the leather, taking out, washing and finishing tanning;
step S4, finishing: the leather is processed to have uniform thickness, useless corners are removed, straight edges are cut into round edges, and the leather can be layered and retanned.
Example 2: in the specific implementation process, the leather tanning work is carried out according to the following steps, which comprise the following operation steps:
step S1, raw material pretreatment: soaking the dried animal skin, removing meat, degreasing, unhairing, splitting skin, and pickling for softening to obtain raw skin;
step S2, tanning process: putting the peltry obtained in the step S1 into a tanning device, adding water and a plant tanning agent, soaking for 6 hours, adding 2 parts of water based on the mass of the peltry, adding 6% of the plant tanning agent, 1.5% of ammonium sulfate and 10% of sodium chloride, rotating for 3 hours, maintaining the temperature at 29 ℃ in the tanning process to prepare a preliminary tanning leather material, wherein the plant tanning agent consists of a polyphenol derivative, has a complex structure, can be combined with an amide group of a skin collagen peptide chain through a hydrogen bond to generate multi-point crosslinking to perform a tanning function, and can adopt larch tannin extract, valonia, waxberry, passion fruit, pomelo and black wattle bark tannin extract as the plant tanning agent;
step S3, rinsing neutralization: pouring 2/3 of the tanned waste liquid in the step S2, adding 2% of sodium bicarbonate, rotating for 4 hours, keeping the temperature at 60 ℃, taking out the leather after rotating, washing with water, then putting the leather into a protease solution with the concentration of 0.15% and the temperature at 42 ℃ for soaking for 20min, continuously stirring, taking out, washing and finishing tanning;
step S4, finishing: the leather is processed to have uniform thickness, useless corners are removed, straight edges are cut into round edges, and the leather can be layered and retanned.
Example 3: in the specific implementation process, the leather tanning work is carried out according to the following steps, which comprise the following operation steps:
step S1, raw material pretreatment: soaking the dried animal skin, removing meat, degreasing, unhairing, splitting skin, and pickling for softening to obtain raw skin;
step S2, tanning process: putting the peltry obtained in the step S1 into a tanning device, adding water and a plant tanning agent, soaking for 5.5 hours, adding 1.5 parts of water based on the mass of the peltry, adding 5.5 parts of the plant tanning agent, adding 1.2 parts of ammonium sulfate and 9 parts of sodium chloride, rotating for 2.5 hours, and maintaining the temperature at 29 ℃ in the tanning process to prepare a preliminary tanning leather material, wherein the plant tanning agent consists of a polyphenol derivative, has a complex structure, can be combined with an amido group of a skin collagen peptide chain through a hydrogen bond to generate multi-point crosslinking to perform a tanning function, and can adopt larch tannin extract, valonia, waxberry, allspice, grapefruit and black wattle bark tannin extract as the plant tanning agent;
step S3, rinsing neutralization: pouring 2/3 of the tanned waste liquid in the step S2, adding 1.5% of sodium bicarbonate, rotating for 3.5 hours at 55 ℃, taking out the leather after rotation, washing with water, then putting the leather into a protease solution with the concentration of 0.15% and the temperature of 40 ℃ for soaking for 18min, continuously stirring, taking out, washing and finishing tanning;
step S4, finishing: the leather is processed to have uniform thickness, useless corners are removed, straight edges are cut into round edges, and the leather can be layered and retanned.
According to the attached fig. 1-6 of the specification, in the concrete implementation process, all go on through this tanning device, including base 1, mount 2 and rotary drum 3, its position relation and connection relation are as follows, mount 2 is installed on base 1, rotary drum 3 is installed on mount 2, and with mount 2 both ends rotation connection, base 1 below is provided with waste water recovery storehouse 4, and is linked together with base 1, be provided with the gyration control mechanism on mount 2, seted up the opening on the rotary drum 3 lateral wall, be provided with slidingtype closing mechanism on the open position, be provided with supplementary discharge mechanism on base 1, and be located rotary drum 3 below, above-mentioned gyration control mechanism includes: drive control structure, protection casing 5 and temperature regulation structure, its position relation and relation of connection are as follows, and drive control structure installs on mount 2, and is connected with 3 lateral walls of rotary drum, and 5 spiral-lock of protection casing have seted up S type recess on 3 lateral walls of rotary drum, on the 5 inner walls of protection casing, and the temperature regulation structure is installed in S type recess, and above-mentioned slidingtype closing mechanism includes: the device comprises a limiting sliding structure, a pair of sealing doors 6 with the same structure and a pair of sliding control structures with the same structure, wherein the limiting sliding part is arranged on the side wall of the rotary drum 3 and positioned at the upper side and the lower side of the opening, the pair of sealing doors 6 are arranged on the sliding limiting structure and are attached to the side wall of the rotary drum 3, the pair of sliding control structures are arranged on the side wall of the rotary drum 3 and are respectively connected with the side walls of the pair of sealing doors 6, when the device is used, raw skins and tanning liquid are put into the rotary drum 3, the rotary drum 3 is subjected to rotary control through a rotary control mechanism on a tanning device, the operation is stable, the controllability is high, the sliding type sealing mechanism can perform quick opening and closing control on the sealing doors 6, the sealing performance in the rotary process is ensured, and the device is simple in structure;
as can be seen from fig. 1 to 6 of the specification, in a specific implementation process, the driving control structure includes: the driving motor 7 is arranged on the fixed frame 2 and is positioned at one side of the rotary drum 3, the speed reducer 8 is arranged at one side of the driving motor 7, the input end of the speed reducer is connected with the driving end of the driving motor 7, the rotating shaft 9 is arranged at the output end of the speed reducer 8, the driving gear 10 is fixedly sleeved on the rotating shaft 9, the annular rack 11 is fixedly sleeved on the side wall of the rotary drum 3 and is meshed with the driving gear 10, the driving motor 7 is started, the driving end of the driving motor 7 is controlled to rotate, the driving end of the driving motor 7 rotates to drive the speed reducer 8 to work, the output end of the speed reducer 8 rotates to drive the rotating shaft 9 to rotate, the rotating shaft 9 rotates to drive the driving gear 10 to rotate, and the driving gear 10 rotates to drive the annular rack 11 on the side wall of the rotary drum 3 to rotate, further controlling the rotary drum 3 to rotate;
as can be seen from fig. 1 to 6 of the specification, in the implementation process, the temperature adjusting structure includes: the temperature sensor 12 is arranged in the rotary drum 3, the heating wire 13 is embedded in an S-shaped groove in the protective cover 5, the storage battery 14 is arranged on the side wall of the protective cover 5, the first controller module 15 is arranged on one side of the storage battery 14 and is respectively connected with the temperature sensor 12, the heating wire 13 and the storage battery 14, when the temperature sensor 12 is used, the temperature sensor 12 monitors the internal temperature of the rotary drum 3 and sends monitoring data to the first controller module 15 in real time, and the first controller module 15 controls the heating wire 13 in the protective cover 5 according to monitoring information of the temperature sensor 12, so that the adjustment of the internal temperature of the rotary drum 3 is realized, and the internal temperature of the rotary drum 3 is matched with a designed value in each link;
above-mentioned spacing sliding construction includes: rubber frame 16, a pair of spout 17 that the structure is the same and two pairs of sliders 18 that the structure is the same, its position relation and relation of connection are as follows, and rubber frame 16 is fixed suit on the opening position on the rotation lateral wall, and a pair of spout 17 is installed respectively on the upper and lower both sides position of opening, and is corresponding each other, and two pairs of sliders 18 slide suit respectively in a pair of spout 17, and respectively with a pair of sealing door 6 fixed connection, and wherein the slip control structure includes: the device comprises a fixed seat 19, a first electric push rod 20 and a pair of telescopic rods 21 with the same structure, wherein the fixed seat 19 is arranged on the side wall of the rotary drum 3 and is positioned between the pair of sliding grooves 17, the first electric push rod 20 is arranged on the fixed seat 19, the movable end of the first electric push rod is fixedly connected with the sealing door 6, the pair of telescopic rods 21 are respectively arranged on two sides of the first electric push rod 20, and two ends of the pair of telescopic rods are respectively connected with the sealing door 6 and the fixed seat 19, when the device is used, the sealing door 6 on the movable end of the first electric push rod 20 is pushed to move along the sliding grooves 17 under the limiting action of the sliding block 18 by controlling the expansion of the movable end of the first electric push rod 20, so that the opening of the rotary side wall is closed and opened, the feeding and discharging are convenient, the control process is simple, efficient;
as can be seen from fig. 1 to 6 of the specification, in the implementation process, the auxiliary discharging mechanism includes: the device comprises a sliding trolley 22, a conical groove 23 and a filter grid plate 24, wherein the sliding trolley 22 is arranged on a base 1 and is opposite to the position of a wastewater recovery bin 4, the conical groove 23 is arranged on the sliding trolley 22, the lower end of the conical groove 23 is of an opening structure, the filter grid plate 24 is arranged in the conical groove 23 and is positioned above the opening structure, when the device is used, tanned leather poured out of a rotary drum 3 enters the conical groove 23, tanning liquid is filtered by using a filter grid plate 24, and the tanned leather is transported by the sliding trolley 22.
The technical solutions described above only represent the preferred technical solutions of the present invention, and some possible modifications to some parts of the technical solutions by those skilled in the art all represent the principles of the present invention, and fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. An environment-friendly tanning method of leather is characterized by comprising the following operation steps: step S1, raw material pretreatment; step S2, tanning treatment; step S3, rinsing and neutralizing; step S4, finishing processing;
the step S1: soaking the dried animal skin, removing meat, degreasing, unhairing, splitting skin, and pickling for softening to obtain raw skin;
the step S2: putting the raw hide obtained in the step S1 into a tanning device, adding water and a plant tanning agent, soaking for 5-8 hours, adding 1-2 parts of water, 5-6 parts of the plant tanning agent, 1-1.5 parts of ammonium sulfate and 8-10 parts of sodium chloride by taking the mass of the raw hide as a base number, rotating for 2-3 hours, and maintaining the temperature at 29 ℃ in the tanning process to prepare a primary tanning leather material;
the step S3: pouring 2/3 of the tanned waste liquid in the step S2, adding 1-2% of sodium bicarbonate, rotating for 3-4 hours at 50-60 ℃, taking out the leather material after rotation, washing with water, then putting the leather material into a protease solution with the concentration of 0.15% and the temperature of 38-42 ℃ for soaking for 16-20min, continuously stirring during the period, taking out and washing, and finishing tanning;
the step S4: the leather is processed to a uniform thickness, useless corners are trimmed off, and straight edges are cut into round edges.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the vegetable tanning agent of step S2 is composed of polyphenol derivative, and has complex structure, and the phenolic hydroxyl group can be combined with the amido group of the collagen peptide chain by hydrogen bond to generate multi-point cross-linking for tanning.
3. The method of claim 1, wherein the plant tanning agent in step S2 is selected from larch tannin extract, valonia, waxberry, allspice, citrus grandis and black wattle tannin extract.
4. The method of claim 1, wherein the step S4 further comprises the steps of layering and retanning the leather.
5. An environment-friendly leather tanning device comprises a base (1), a fixing frame (2) and a rotary drum (3), and is characterized in that the fixing frame (2) is arranged on the base (1), the rotary drum (3) is arranged on the fixing frame (2) and is rotatably connected with two ends of the fixing frame (2), a waste water recovery bin (4) is arranged below the base (1) and is communicated with the base (1), a rotary control mechanism is arranged on the fixing frame (2), an opening is formed in the side wall of the rotary drum (3), a sliding type sealing mechanism is arranged at the opening position, an auxiliary discharging mechanism is arranged on the base (1) and is positioned below the rotary drum (3);
the swing control mechanism includes: the device comprises a drive control structure, a protective cover (5) and a temperature adjusting structure;
the drive control structure is arranged on the fixed frame (2) and is connected with the side wall of the rotary drum (3), the protective cover (5) is buckled on the side wall of the rotary drum (3), an S-shaped groove is formed in the inner wall of the protective cover (5), and the temperature adjusting structure is arranged in the S-shaped groove;
the sliding closure mechanism comprises: the sliding door comprises a limiting sliding structure, a pair of sealing doors (6) with the same structure and a pair of sliding control structures with the same structure;
the limiting sliding part is arranged on the side wall of the rotary drum (3) and located on the upper side and the lower side of the opening, the sealing doors (6) are arranged on the sliding limiting structure and attached to the side wall of the rotary drum (3), and the sliding control structure is arranged on the side wall of the rotary drum (3) and connected with the side walls of the sealing doors (6).
6. The leather environment-friendly tanning device of claim 5, wherein the driving control structure comprises: the device comprises a driving motor (7), a speed reducer (8), a rotating shaft (9), a driving gear (10) and an annular rack (11);
the driving motor (7) is arranged on the fixed frame (2) and located on one side of the rotary drum (3), the speed reducer (8) is arranged on one side of the driving motor (7), the input end of the speed reducer is connected with the driving end of the driving motor (7), the rotating shaft (9) is arranged on the output end of the speed reducer (8), the driving gear (10) is fixedly sleeved on the rotating shaft (9), and the annular rack (11) is fixedly sleeved on the side wall of the rotary drum (3) and meshed with the driving gear (10).
7. The leather environment-friendly tanning device as claimed in claim 5, wherein said temperature adjusting structure comprises: a temperature sensor (12), a heating wire (13), a battery (14) and a first controller module (15);
the temperature sensor (12) is arranged in the rotary drum (3), the heating wire (13) is embedded in an S-shaped groove in the protective cover (5), the storage battery (14) is arranged on the side wall of the protective cover (5), and the first controller module (15) is arranged on one side of the storage battery (14) and is respectively connected with the temperature sensor (12), the heating wire (13) and the storage battery (14).
8. The leather environment-friendly tanning device as claimed in claim 7, wherein the limiting sliding structure comprises: the device comprises a rubber frame (16), a pair of sliding grooves (17) with the same structure and two pairs of sliding blocks (18) with the same structure;
the rubber frame (16) is fixedly sleeved on the opening position on the rotating side wall, the pair of sliding grooves (17) are respectively arranged on the upper side and the lower side of the opening and correspond to each other, and the two pairs of sliding blocks (18) are respectively sleeved in the pair of sliding grooves (17) in a sliding mode and are respectively fixedly connected with the pair of sealing doors (6).
9. The leather environment-friendly tanning device as claimed in claim 8, wherein said sliding control structure comprises: a fixed seat (19), a first electric push rod (20) and a pair of telescopic rods (21) with the same structure;
the fixing seat (19) is arranged on the side wall of the rotary drum (3) and is positioned between the pair of sliding grooves (17), the first electric push rod (20) is arranged on the fixing seat (19), the movable end of the first electric push rod is fixedly connected with the sealing door (6), and the pair of telescopic rods (21) are respectively arranged on two sides of the first electric push rod (20) and two ends of the pair of telescopic rods are respectively connected with the sealing door (6) and the fixing seat (19).
10. The leather environment-friendly tanning device as claimed in claim 5, wherein the auxiliary discharging mechanism comprises: a sliding trolley (22), a conical groove (23) and a filter grid plate (24);
the sliding trolley (22) is arranged on the base (1) and is just opposite to the position of the wastewater recovery bin (4), the conical groove (23) is arranged on the sliding trolley (22), the lower end of the conical groove (23) is of an open structure, and the filter grid plate (24) is arranged in the conical groove (23) and is located above the open structure.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202010150872.1A CN111304376A (en) | 2020-03-06 | 2020-03-06 | Environment-friendly tanning method and device for leather |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202010150872.1A CN111304376A (en) | 2020-03-06 | 2020-03-06 | Environment-friendly tanning method and device for leather |
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| CN111304376A true CN111304376A (en) | 2020-06-19 |
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| CN202010150872.1A Pending CN111304376A (en) | 2020-03-06 | 2020-03-06 | Environment-friendly tanning method and device for leather |
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Application publication date: 20200619 |