CN111301658B - Ship and ship side cabin ventilation method - Google Patents
Ship and ship side cabin ventilation method Download PDFInfo
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- CN111301658B CN111301658B CN202010224251.3A CN202010224251A CN111301658B CN 111301658 B CN111301658 B CN 111301658B CN 202010224251 A CN202010224251 A CN 202010224251A CN 111301658 B CN111301658 B CN 111301658B
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
- B63J—AUXILIARIES ON VESSELS
- B63J2/00—Arrangements of ventilation, heating, cooling, or air-conditioning
- B63J2/02—Ventilation; Air-conditioning
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
- B63J—AUXILIARIES ON VESSELS
- B63J2/00—Arrangements of ventilation, heating, cooling, or air-conditioning
- B63J2/02—Ventilation; Air-conditioning
- B63J2/04—Ventilation; Air-conditioning of living spaces
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Abstract
The invention relates to the field of ships and discloses a ship and a ventilation method for ship side cabins, wherein the ship comprises side cabins arranged on two sides of the ship, each side cabin is communicated through a transverse water inlet passage, a ventilation device is respectively arranged in each side cabin, one end of an air inlet pipeline of the ventilation device is communicated with the outside of the ship, the other end of the air inlet pipeline of the ventilation device is provided with a natural air outlet, and the natural air outlet is provided with a natural air outlet brake; one end of an exhaust pipeline of the ventilation device is communicated with the outside of the ship, the other end of the exhaust pipeline is provided with a natural exhaust port and a forced exhaust port, the natural exhaust port is provided with a natural exhaust brake, and the forced exhaust port is provided with a forced exhaust fan and a forced exhaust brake; the sum of the flow areas of a natural air inlet channel formed by communicating one end of an air inlet pipeline communicated with the outside of the ship with a natural air outlet and the flow areas of a natural air outlet channel formed by communicating one end of a natural air suction opening communicated with the outside of the ship with an air exhaust pipeline is not less than 10% of the cross-sectional area of the natural air outlet channel, so that the anti-overturning capacity of the ship is improved on the premise of meeting the requirements of forced ventilation and fire closing ventilation.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of ships, in particular to a ship and a ship side cabin ventilation method.
Background
When a damage accident happens to one side cabin in the left and right side cabins of the ship during the ship sailing, water can enter the side cabin from the damaged opening. When the water entering the side cabin can not flow into the side cabin on the other side of the ship in a short time, asymmetric water inlet can be caused, and the ship is easy to overturn.
In order to reduce asymmetric water inflow and improve the anti-overturning capability of the ship. The side cabins arranged on the left side and the right side of the ship are generally communicated through a transverse water inlet passage at the double-layer bottom of the ship, namely the side cabins on the left side and the right side of the ship and the transverse water inlet passage form a U-shaped cabin. Therefore, when the side tank on one side of the ship is damaged and water enters, water can flow into the side tank on the other side of the ship through the transverse water inlet passage, so that a balance state is quickly achieved, and the risk of overturning the ship is reduced. However, when water rapidly floods from one side of the ship to the other side of the ship, if the side of the flooded side is not exhausted in time, a back pressure is formed in the side of the flooded side, so that the water is blocked, and asymmetric water inflow is aggravated.
And according to the calculation of the water inlet, if the cross section area of the total air pipe is not less than 10% of the cross section area of the water inlet passage, the blocking effect of the air back pressure on the water flow is negligible. Therefore, in the ventilation design of the U-shaped cabin, in order to avoid the influence of the backpressure problem on the stability of the ship, the sum of the flow areas of the ventilation pipelines in the side cabins at any side of the U-shaped cabin is generally ensured to be not less than 10% of the cross-sectional area of the transverse water inlet pipe. However, the conventional "U-shaped cabin" requires regular inspections by crewmembers, and the ventilation design generally requires forced ventilation by a ventilation fan in order to ensure good ventilation of the side cabins on each side during regular inspections. However, the dense blades are arranged inside the ventilation fan, and when the sidecar enters water in a traversing manner in a stop state of the ventilation fan, the dense blades can cause huge blockage to the flow of air in the ventilation pipeline. Therefore, the sum of the cross-sectional areas of the narrowest part of the ventilating duct (i.e. the position of the ventilating fan) of the existing ventilating design is difficult to meet the requirement of not less than 10 percent of the cross-sectional area of the transverse inflow water, and the anti-overturning performance of the ship is reduced. In addition, according to the requirements of the industry specifications, a proper closing device must be arranged on the ventilation pipeline to control the opening and closing of the ventilation pipeline, so that air can be cut off and the fire can be prevented from spreading when a fire accident happens.
Therefore, it is desirable to provide a ship and a ship side tank ventilation method, which can improve the anti-overturning capability of the ship on the premise of ensuring that the requirements of forced ventilation and fire closing ventilation are met.
Disclosure of Invention
One object of the present invention is to provide a ship capable of improving the anti-overturning capability of the ship on the premise of satisfying the requirements of forced ventilation and fire ventilation shutdown.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
the utility model provides a ship, including set up in the side hold of the boats and ships left and right sides, the side hold of the boats and ships left and right sides is through crossing inhalant canal intercommunication, be provided with a ventilation unit who is used for the ventilation in the side hold of the boats and ships left and right sides respectively, ventilation unit includes:
one end of the air inlet pipeline is communicated with the outside of the ship, the other end of the air inlet pipeline is provided with a natural air outlet, and a natural air outlet brake is arranged at the natural air outlet;
one end of the exhaust pipeline is communicated with the outside of the ship, the other end of the exhaust pipeline is provided with two air inlets, namely a natural air suction opening and a forced air suction opening, the natural air suction opening is provided with a natural air suction brake, and the forced air suction opening is provided with a forced exhaust fan and a forced air suction brake;
the air inlet pipeline is communicated with one end of the outside of the ship and the natural air outlet to form a natural air inlet channel, the natural air suction port is communicated with one end of the outside of the ship and the exhaust pipeline to form a natural air outlet channel, and the sum of the flow areas of the natural air inlet channel and the natural air outlet channel is not less than 10% of the cross-sectional area of the transverse water inlet channel.
Optionally, a forced air inlet is further formed in one end, not connected with the outside of the ship, of the air inlet pipeline, a forced air inlet machine and a forced air inlet brake are arranged at the forced air inlet, and the forced air inlet is communicated with one end, communicated with the outside of the ship, of the air inlet pipeline to form a forced air inlet duct.
Optionally, an outlet end of the forced air inlet machine is communicated with an air supply pipe, and an air supply grid is arranged on the air supply pipe.
Optionally, the blast pipes in the ventilation devices in the side cabins on the left and right sides of the ship are respectively arranged at the indoor top positions of the side cabins in a one-to-one correspondence manner.
Optionally, an exhaust pipe is disposed at an inlet end of the forced draft fan in each ventilation device in the side cabins on the left and right sides of the ship, and one end of each exhaust pipe, which is not connected to the forced draft fan, extends to an indoor bottom position of each side cabin in a one-to-one correspondence manner.
Another objective of the present invention is to provide a ship side tank ventilation method, which can improve the anti-overturning capability of a ship on the premise of satisfying the requirements of forced ventilation and fire ventilation shutdown.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a ship side tank ventilation method is based on the ship, and comprises the following steps:
judging the side cabin state: judging the side cabin states of the side cabins on the left side and the right side of the ship; wherein the sidecar condition comprises a non-inspection condition, a sidecar inspection condition, or a fire accident condition;
adjusting the ventilation state of the side cabin: adjusting the ventilation device in the side cabin in the non-inspection state to a natural ventilation state; adjusting the ventilation device in the side cabin inspection state to a forced ventilation state; and adjusting the ventilation device in the side cabin in the fire accident state to a fire closing state.
Optionally, one end of an air inlet pipeline of a ventilation device respectively arranged in the side cabins at the left side and the right side of the ship is communicated with the outside of the ship, the other end of the air inlet pipeline is provided with a natural air outlet, and a natural air outlet brake is arranged at the natural air outlet; wherein adjusting the ventilation device in the side module in the non-inspection state to a natural ventilation state comprises the steps of:
closing a forced draft fan and a forced draft damper on an exhaust pipeline of the ventilation device;
and opening a natural air outlet gate on an air inlet pipeline and a natural air exhaust gate on an air exhaust pipeline of the ventilation device.
Optionally, adjusting the ventilation device in the sidecar inspection state to a forced ventilation state comprises the steps of:
closing a natural draft damper on an exhaust pipeline of the ventilation device;
opening a forced draft fan and a forced draft damper on an exhaust pipeline of the ventilation device;
and opening a natural air outlet gate on an air inlet pipeline of the ventilation device.
Optionally, adjusting the ventilation device in the side compartment in the fire accident situation to the fire shut-off situation comprises the steps of:
closing a forced draft fan and a forced draft damper on an exhaust pipeline of the ventilation device;
and closing a natural air outlet gate on an air inlet pipeline and a natural air exhaust gate on an air exhaust pipeline of the ventilation device.
Optionally, a forced air inlet is further formed in one end, not connected with the outside of the ship, of the air inlet pipeline, and a forced air inlet machine and a forced air inlet brake are arranged at the forced air inlet; wherein adjusting the ventilation device in the side deck in the non-inspection state to a natural ventilation state further comprises the steps of:
and closing the forced air inlet machine and the forced air inlet brake on an air inlet pipeline of the ventilation device.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
when a natural air outlet brake of an air inlet pipeline in the side cabin at any side is opened, a forced exhaust fan and a forced exhaust brake on an air exhaust pipeline in the side cabin are opened, so that forced ventilation of the side cabin at the side can be realized, and the ventilation requirement in the side cabin detection process is further met; when the natural air outlet brake of the air inlet pipeline and the natural air exhaust brake of the air exhaust pipeline in any side cabin are opened and the forced exhaust fan and the forced air exhaust brake on the air exhaust pipeline in the side cabin are closed, the natural ventilation in the side cabin can be realized, and the energy is further effectively saved; when the natural air outlet brake of the air inlet pipeline, the natural air exhaust brake of the air exhaust pipeline, the forced exhaust fan and the forced air exhaust brake in any side cabin are closed, the side cabin on the side can be ventilated and closed, so that emergency fire accidents can be avoided, and the fire spread can be avoided. The ship side cabin can obtain three ventilation states of a natural ventilation state, a forced ventilation state and a fire closing state, and in the natural ventilation state, the sum of the flow areas of the natural air inlet channel and the natural air outlet channel of the ventilation device on any side is not less than 10% of the cross-sectional area of the transverse water inlet passage, so that the anti-overturning capacity of the ship can be improved on the premise of meeting the requirements of forced ventilation of the side cabin and fire closing ventilation.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a top view of a side cabin and midship equipment of a ship according to a first embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view taken at A-A of FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view taken at B-B of FIG. 1;
fig. 4 is a top view of a side cabin and midship equipment of a ship according to a second embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view taken at C-C of FIG. 4;
fig. 6 is a cross-sectional view at D-D in fig. 4.
In the figure:
1-side compartment; 2-traversing the water inlet passage; 3-air inlet pipeline; 31-natural air outlet brake; 32-forced air inlet machine; 33-forced air inlet brake; 34-an air supply pipe; 35-air supply air grid; 36-an air inlet pipeline; 37-air intake bellows; 4-an exhaust pipeline; 41-natural draft brake; 42-forced draft fan; 43-forced draft brake; 44-an exhaust pipe; 45-air exhaust duct; 46-an exhaust air box; 5-midship equipment room.
Detailed Description
In order to make the technical problems solved, the technical solutions adopted and the technical effects achieved by the present invention clearer, the technical solutions of the present invention are further described below by way of specific embodiments with reference to the accompanying drawings.
In the description of the present invention, unless expressly stated or limited otherwise, the terms "connected," "connected," and "fixed" are to be construed broadly, e.g., as meaning permanently connected, removably connected, or integral to one another; can be mechanically or electrically connected; either directly or indirectly through intervening media, either internally or in any other relationship. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood in specific cases to those skilled in the art.
In the present invention, unless otherwise expressly stated or limited, "above" or "below" a first feature means that the first and second features are in direct contact, or that the first and second features are not in direct contact but are in contact with each other via another feature therebetween. Also, the first feature being "on," "above" and "over" the second feature includes the first feature being directly on and obliquely above the second feature, or merely indicating that the first feature is at a higher level than the second feature. A first feature being "under," "below," and "beneath" a second feature includes the first feature being directly under and obliquely below the second feature, or simply meaning that the first feature is at a lesser elevation than the second feature.
In the description of the present embodiment, the terms "upper", "lower", "left", "right", and the like are used based on the orientations and positional relationships shown in the drawings only for convenience of description and simplification of operation, and do not indicate or imply that the referred device or element must have a specific orientation, be configured and operated in a specific orientation, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used only for descriptive purposes and are not intended to have a special meaning.
Example one
As shown in fig. 1-3, the present embodiment proposes a ship, which comprises side cabins 1 arranged on the left and right sides of the ship, wherein the side cabins 1 on the left and right sides of the ship are communicated through a transverse water intake passage 2, and a space between the side cabins 1 on the left and right sides of the ship and above the transverse water intake passage 2 is a midship equipment room 5. The side cabins 1 on the left side and the right side of the ship are respectively provided with a ventilating device for ventilation, the two ventilating devices have the same structure, and each ventilating device comprises an air inlet pipeline 3 and an air outlet pipeline 4. As shown in fig. 2, one end of the air inlet pipeline 3 is communicated with the outside of the ship, the other end of the air inlet pipeline 3 is provided with a natural air outlet, and a natural air outlet gate 31 is arranged at the natural air outlet; one end of the air inlet pipeline 3 communicated with the outside of the ship is communicated with the natural air outlet so as to form a natural air inlet duct; a forced air inlet is also formed in one end, which is not connected with the outside of the ship, of the air inlet pipeline 3; the forced air inlet is provided with a forced air inlet machine 32 and a forced air inlet brake 33, and the forced air inlet is communicated with one end of the air inlet pipeline 3 communicated with the outside of the ship to form a forced air inlet channel. Specifically, the main body of the air inlet pipeline 3 of the present embodiment includes two parts, namely an air inlet pipeline 36 and an air inlet bellows 37, an air inlet of the air inlet pipeline 36 is communicated with the outside of the ship, the air inlet bellows 37 is assembled at an air outlet of the air inlet pipeline 36, and both the natural air outlet and the forced air inlet are opened on the air inlet bellows 37. As shown in fig. 3, one end of the exhaust duct 4 is communicated with the outside of the ship, two air inlets, namely a natural air suction opening and a forced air suction opening, are arranged at the other end of the exhaust duct 4, a natural air suction gate 41 is arranged at the natural air suction opening, a forced air suction fan 42 and a forced air suction gate 43 are arranged at the forced air suction opening, the natural air suction opening is communicated with one end of the exhaust duct 4 communicated with the outside of the ship to form a natural air outlet channel, and the forced air suction opening is communicated with one end of the exhaust duct 4 communicated with the outside of the ship to form a forced air suction channel. Specifically, the main body of the exhaust duct 4 in this embodiment includes two parts, namely, an exhaust duct 45 and an exhaust air box 46, the air outlet of the exhaust duct 45 communicates with the outside of the ship, the air inlet of the exhaust duct 45 is equipped with the exhaust air box 46, and the natural suction port and the forced suction port are both opened in the intake air box 37. In the embodiment, the sum of the flow areas of the natural air inlet channel and the natural air outlet channel of the ventilating device in the side cabin 1 on any side of the ship is not less than 10% of the cross-sectional area of the transverse water inlet channel 2.
In the embodiment, the ventilation devices for ventilation are respectively arranged in the side cabins 1 at the left side and the right side of the ship, so that the ventilation control of the side cabins 1 at the left side and the right side of the ship can be respectively realized, and the sum of the flow areas of the natural air inlet channel and the natural air outlet channel of the ventilation device at any side of the ship is not less than 10% of the cross-sectional area of the transverse water inlet passage 2, so that when the side cabin 1 at any side of the ship is in a natural ventilation state with the natural air inlet channel and the natural air outlet channel opened, water can rapidly flow into the side cabin 1 at the other side of the ship through the transverse water inlet passage 2 when the side cabin 1 at the side is damaged and enters water; in addition, the exhaust pipeline 4 can also select to carry out forced draft through the forced draft fan 42 or close the exhaust pipeline 4 to control air outlet, and the air inlet pipeline 3 can also select to close the natural air outlet damper 31 to control air inlet, so on the premise of meeting the requirements of forced draft and fire closing draft, the anti-overturning capability of the ship is improved when the side tank 1 of the ship is in a natural draft state.
Based on the ship provided by the embodiment, the ship side tank ventilation method of the embodiment comprises the following steps:
judging the side cabin state: judging the side cabin states of the side cabins 1 on the left side and the right side of the ship; wherein the side cabin state comprises a non-inspection state, a side cabin inspection state or a fire accident state;
adjusting the ventilation state of the side cabin: adjusting a ventilation device in the side cabin 1 in a non-inspection state to a natural ventilation state; adjusting a ventilation device in the side cabin 1 in the inspection state of the side cabin 1 to a forced ventilation state; the ventilation apparatus in the sidecar 1 in the fire accident state is adjusted to the fire shut-off state.
Specifically, as shown in fig. 2-3, when the side tank 1 on the left side of the ship is in a non-inspection state and the ventilation device in the side tank 1 on the left side needs to be adjusted to a natural ventilation state, the natural air outlet damper 31 of the air inlet pipeline 3 in the side tank 1 on the left side can be opened, and the forced air inlet fan 32 and the forced air inlet damper 33 on the air inlet pipeline 3 in the side tank 1 on the left side can be closed; meanwhile, the natural draft damper 41 of the exhaust pipeline 4 in the left side cabin 1 is opened, and the forced draft fan 42 and the forced draft damper 43 of the exhaust pipeline 4 in the left side cabin 1 are closed, so that the natural ventilation of the left side cabin 1 is realized, and the effect of energy-saving ventilation is achieved. The sum of the flow areas of the natural air inlet channel and the natural air outlet channel of the ventilating device in the side chamber 1 on the left side is not less than 10 percent of the cross-sectional area of the transverse water inlet channel 2. Therefore, in the natural ventilation state, when the side tank 1 on the side is broken and leaks water, water can rapidly flow into the side tank 1 on the other side through the transverse water inlet passage 2 within a specified time, and the ship can rapidly reach a balanced state after water enters, so that the risk of overturning of the ship is reduced, and the anti-overturning capability and the safety of the ship are improved. Similarly, when the side tank 1 on the right side of the ship is in a non-inspection state and the ventilation device in the side tank 1 on the right side needs to be adjusted to a natural ventilation state, the operation method is the same as that of the ventilation device in the side tank 1 on the left side, and therefore, the description thereof is omitted. Compare the ventilation design of current boats and ships, this embodiment is through setting up two income wind gaps in natural suction opening and forced suction opening simultaneously on one of the lug connection boats and ships planking of exhaust pipe 4, and then makes exhaust pipe 4 additionally provide the natural air-out duct that can air exhaust again, and then ingenious in having avoided in the forced suction opening force fan 42 to the hindrance effect of air under the stall state, improved the antidumping ability of boats and ships.
As shown in fig. 2-3, when the side tank 1 on the left side of the ship is in the side tank inspection state and forced ventilation is needed, the natural air outlet damper 31 of the air inlet pipeline 3 in the side tank 1 on the left side can be opened, and the forced air inlet fan 32 and the forced air inlet damper 33 in the side tank 1 on the left side are in the closed state; then, the forced ventilation of the left side cabin 1 is realized by opening the forced draft fan 42 and the forced draft damper 43 of the exhaust pipeline 4 in the left side cabin 1 and closing the natural draft damper 41 of the exhaust pipeline 4 in the left side cabin 1, so as to meet the forced ventilation requirement of the side cabin 1; in addition, the natural air outlet damper 31 of the air inlet pipeline 3 in the left side cabin 1 can be closed, and the forced air inlet fan 32 and the forced air inlet damper 33 in the left side cabin 1 can be in an open state; meanwhile, the forced draft fan 42 and the forced draft damper 43 of the exhaust pipeline 4 in the left side cabin 1 are opened, and the natural draft damper 41 on the exhaust pipeline 4 in the left side cabin 1 is closed, so that forced ventilation of the side cabin 1 can be realized, and the forced ventilation requirement in the side cabin inspection state is met. Similarly, when the side tank 1 on the right side of the ship is in the side tank inspection state and forced ventilation is required, the operation method of the ventilation device in the side tank 1 on the right side of the ship is the same as that of the ventilation device in the side tank 1 on the left side, and therefore, the description thereof is omitted.
As shown in fig. 2 to 3, when the side tank 1 on the left side of the ship is in a fire accident state and the ventilation device in the side tank 1 on the left side needs to be adjusted to a fire closing state, the natural air outlet damper 31, the forced air inlet fan 32 and the forced air inlet damper 33 of the air inlet pipeline 3 in the side tank 1 on the left side can be all closed; at the same time, the forced draft fan 42 and the forced draft damper 43 of the exhaust duct 4 in the left side bay 1 and the natural draft damper 41 are all closed, and further, the ventilation of the left side bay 1 is prohibited, and the spread of fire is prevented. Similarly, when the right side tank 1 of the ship is in a fire accident state and the ventilation device in the right side tank 1 needs to be adjusted to a fire closing state, the operation method of the ventilation device in the right side tank 1 of the ship is the same as that of the ventilation device in the left side tank 1, and therefore, the description thereof is omitted.
Further, with the ship proposed in the present embodiment, in order to allow the intake air in the forced intake state to be quickly blown to various positions in the sidecar 1 where the forced ventilation is performed. As shown in fig. 2, outlet ends of the forced draft fans 32 of the ventilation devices of the side compartments 1 on the left and right sides of the ship are communicated with blast pipes 34, and the blast pipes 34 can rapidly blow the intake air to each position in the corresponding side compartment 1. Further, the air supply duct 34 is provided with an air supply grill 35, and the air supply grill 35 plays a role of diffusing the air.
Further, in order to save the arrangement space of the side tanks 1, as shown in fig. 2, the blast pipes 34 in the respective ventilation devices in the side tanks 1 on the left and right sides of the ship are provided at the indoor ceiling positions of the respective side tanks 1 in a one-to-one correspondence.
And the efficient replacement and circulation of air can be realized by matching the position design of the blast pipe 34 in the side cabin 1 for better pumping the old air in the side cabin 1. As shown in fig. 3, in this embodiment, the inlet ends of the forced draft fans 42 in the ventilation devices in the side cabins 1 on the left and right sides of the ship are respectively provided with an exhaust pipe 44, one end of each exhaust pipe 44 not connected with the forced draft fans 42 extends to the indoor bottom position of each side cabin 1 in a one-to-one correspondence manner, so that the old air at the indoor bottom position of the corresponding side cabin 1 can be exhausted through the exhaust pipe 44, and the air supply pipe 34 in the side cabin 1 supplies air from the indoor top of the side cabin 1, so that the top-down section of air in the side cabin 1 can be effectively promoted, and the air circulation and replacement efficiency can be improved.
Further, in other preferred embodiments, the vessel may further include a control device (not shown in the drawings) which centrally controls the ventilation devices in the side tanks 1 on the left and right sides of the vessel, thereby enabling independent remote operation of the operating states of the two ventilation devices. Specifically, the control device can only provide the switch control of the forced ventilation state, the switch control of the natural ventilation state and the switch control of the fire closing state of the two ventilation devices, so that the problem of artificial misoperation is solved, and the operation safety is improved. The circuit connection of the control device and the ventilation device can be realized by adopting the control circuit in the prior art, so that the detailed description is omitted.
Example two
As shown in fig. 4 to 6, the present embodiment provides a ship having a structure identical to that of the ship of the first embodiment, except that the air outlets of the air inlet ducts 3 of the ventilation devices of the side compartments 1 on the left and right sides of the ship provided by the present embodiment have only natural air outlets, and the forced air inlet machine 32 and the associated forced air inlet damper 33, air supply duct 34 and air supply grid 35 are not provided. However, the sum of the flow areas of the natural air inlet duct and the natural air outlet duct of the ventilation device in any side cabin 1 of the present embodiment is not less than 10% of the cross-sectional area of the transverse water inlet passage, so that the anti-overturning capability of the ship can be improved on the premise of meeting the requirements of forced ventilation and fire shut-off ventilation.
Correspondingly, based on the ship provided by the embodiment, the ship side tank ventilation method provided by the embodiment comprises the following steps:
judging the side cabin state: judging the side cabin states of the side cabins 1 on the left side and the right side of the ship; wherein the side cabin state comprises a non-inspection state, a side cabin inspection state or a fire accident state;
adjusting the ventilation state of the side cabin: adjusting a ventilation device in the side cabin 1 in a non-inspection state to a natural ventilation state; adjusting a ventilation device in the side cabin 1 in the inspection state of the side cabin 1 to a forced ventilation state; the ventilation apparatus in the sidecar 1 in the fire accident state is adjusted to the fire shut-off state.
Specifically, as shown in fig. 5 to 6, the adjustment of the ventilation device in the sidecar 1 in the non-inspection state to the natural ventilation state includes the steps of:
closing the forced draft fan 42 and the forced draft damper 43 on the exhaust duct 4 of the ventilation device in the side compartment 1 in the non-inspection state; the door of the natural draft damper 31 on the intake duct 3 and the natural draft damper 41 on the exhaust duct 4 of the ventilation apparatus in the side compartment 1 in the non-inspection state are opened.
As shown in fig. 5 to 6, the adjustment of the ventilation device in the side hatch 1 in the inspection state of the side hatch 1 to the forced ventilation state comprises the steps of:
closing a natural draft damper 41 on an exhaust duct 4 of a ventilation device in the sidecar 1 in the inspection state of the sidecar 1; opening a forced draft fan 42 and a forced draft damper 43 on an exhaust pipeline 4 of a ventilation device in the side cabin 1 in the inspection state of the side cabin 1; the natural damper 31 door on the intake duct 3 of the ventilation apparatus in the side deck 1 in the inspection state of the side deck 1 is opened.
As shown in fig. 5 to 6, the adjustment of the ventilation apparatus in the sidecar 1 in the fire accident situation to the fire shut-off state includes the steps of:
closing the forced draft fan 42 and the forced draft damper 43 on the exhaust duct 4 of the ventilation apparatus in the sidecar 1 in the fire accident state; the door of the natural outlet damper 31 on the inlet duct 3 and the natural suction damper 41 on the outlet duct 4 of the ventilating device in the side compartment 1 in the event of a fire are closed.
In summary, the ventilation devices for ventilation are respectively arranged in the side cabins 1 on the left and right sides of the ship proposed in this embodiment, when the natural air outlet gate 31 of the air inlet pipeline 3 in any side of the side cabin 1 is opened, the forced ventilation of the side cabin 1 can be realized by opening the forced exhaust fan 42 and the forced exhaust gate 43 on the exhaust pipeline 4 in the side cabin 1, so as to meet the ventilation requirement in the side cabin detection process; when the natural air outlet brake 31 of the air inlet pipeline 3 and the natural air exhaust brake 41 of the air exhaust pipeline 4 in the side cabin 1 at any side are opened and the forced exhaust fan 42 and the forced air exhaust brake 43 on the air exhaust pipeline 4 in the side cabin 1 at the side are closed, the natural ventilation in the side cabin 1 at the side can be realized, and further, the energy can be effectively saved; when the natural air outlet gate 31 of the air inlet pipeline 3, the natural air exhaust gate 41 of the air exhaust pipeline 4, the forced draft fan 42 and the forced draft gate 43 in the side compartment 1 on any side are closed, the ventilation closing of the side compartment 1 on the side can be realized, so as to meet the need of fire accidents and prevent the fire from spreading. The ventilation devices in the side cabins 1 on the left side and the right side of the ship of the embodiment all have three ventilation states of a natural ventilation state, a forced ventilation state and a fire closing state, the sum of the flow areas of a natural air inlet channel and a natural air outlet channel of the ventilation device on any side of the ship is not less than 10% of the cross-sectional area of a transverse water inlet passage, and therefore the anti-overturning capacity of the ship is improved when the side cabins 1 of the ship are in the natural ventilation state on the premise that the forced ventilation of the side cabins and the fire closing ventilation can be met.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, the present invention should not be limited by the description of the present invention, which should be interpreted as a limitation.
Claims (10)
1. The utility model provides a ship, including set up in the side hold of the boats and ships left and right sides, the side hold of the boats and ships left and right sides is through crossing inhalant canal intercommunication, its characterized in that, be provided with a ventilation unit who is used for the ventilation in the side hold of the boats and ships left and right sides respectively, ventilation unit includes:
one end of the air inlet pipeline is communicated with the outside of the ship, the other end of the air inlet pipeline is provided with a natural air outlet, and a natural air outlet brake is arranged at the natural air outlet;
one end of the exhaust pipeline is communicated with the outside of the ship, the other end of the exhaust pipeline is provided with two air inlets, namely a natural air suction opening and a forced air suction opening, the natural air suction opening is provided with a natural air suction brake, and the forced air suction opening is provided with a forced exhaust fan and a forced air suction brake;
the air inlet pipeline is communicated with one end of the outside of the ship and the natural air outlet to form a natural air inlet channel, the natural air suction port is communicated with one end of the outside of the ship and the exhaust pipeline to form a natural air outlet channel, and the sum of the cross sectional areas of the natural air inlet channel and the natural air outlet channel is not less than 10% of the cross sectional area of the transverse water inlet channel.
2. The ship of claim 1, wherein a forced air inlet is further formed in one end of the air inlet pipeline, which is not connected with the outside of the ship, a forced air inlet machine and a forced air inlet brake are arranged at the forced air inlet, and the forced air inlet is communicated with one end of the air inlet pipeline, which is communicated with the outside of the ship, to form a forced air inlet duct.
3. The ship of claim 2, wherein the outlet end of the forced air inlet machine is communicated with a blast pipe, and a blast grid is arranged on the blast pipe.
4. A vessel according to claim 3, wherein the blower pipes of the ventilation devices in the side compartments on the left and right sides of the vessel are disposed in a one-to-one correspondence at the indoor top positions of the side compartments.
5. The vessel according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the intake end of the forced draft fan in each of the ventilating devices in the side compartments on the left and right sides of the vessel is provided with an exhaust duct, and the end of each exhaust duct not connected with the forced draft fan extends to the indoor bottom position of each side compartment in a one-to-one correspondence.
6. A method of ventilating a ship's side tank, according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the method comprises the steps of:
judging the side cabin state: judging the side cabin states of the side cabins on the left side and the right side of the ship; wherein the sidecar condition comprises a non-inspection condition, a sidecar inspection condition, or a fire accident condition;
adjusting the ventilation state of the side cabin: adjusting the ventilation device in the side cabin in the non-inspection state to a natural ventilation state; adjusting the ventilation device in the side cabin inspection state to a forced ventilation state; and adjusting the ventilation device in the side cabin in the fire accident state to a fire closing state.
7. The ship side tank ventilation method according to claim 6, wherein one end of an air inlet pipeline of a ventilation device arranged in the side tanks on the left side and the right side of the ship respectively is communicated with the outside of the ship, the other end of the air inlet pipeline is provided with a natural air outlet, and a natural air outlet brake is arranged at the natural air outlet; wherein adjusting the ventilation device in the side module in the non-inspection state to a natural ventilation state comprises the steps of:
closing a forced draft fan and a forced draft damper on an exhaust pipeline of the ventilation device;
and opening a natural air outlet gate on an air inlet pipeline and a natural air exhaust gate on an air exhaust pipeline of the ventilation device.
8. A method of ventilating a ship's side tank according to claim 7, wherein the step of adjusting the ventilating means in the side tank inspection state to a forced ventilation state comprises the steps of:
closing a natural draft damper on an exhaust pipeline of the ventilation device;
opening a forced draft fan and a forced draft damper on an exhaust pipeline of the ventilation device;
and opening a natural air outlet gate on an air inlet pipeline of the ventilation device.
9. The ship side hatch ventilation method as claimed in claim 7, wherein the adjusting of the ventilation device in the side hatch in the fire accident situation to the fire shut-off situation comprises the steps of:
closing a forced draft fan and a forced draft damper on an exhaust pipeline of the ventilation device;
and closing a natural air outlet gate on an air inlet pipeline and a natural air exhaust gate on an air exhaust pipeline of the ventilation device.
10. The ship side tank ventilation method of claim 7, wherein one end of the air inlet pipeline, which is not connected with the outside of the ship, is further provided with a forced air inlet, and a forced air inlet machine and a forced air inlet brake are arranged at the forced air inlet; wherein adjusting the ventilation device in the side deck in the non-inspection state to a natural ventilation state further comprises the steps of:
and closing the forced air inlet machine and the forced air inlet brake on an air inlet pipeline of the ventilation device.
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| CN202010224251.3A CN111301658B (en) | 2020-03-26 | 2020-03-26 | Ship and ship side cabin ventilation method |
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| CN202010224251.3A CN111301658B (en) | 2020-03-26 | 2020-03-26 | Ship and ship side cabin ventilation method |
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| CN111846187B (en) * | 2020-07-24 | 2022-05-20 | 中国舰船研究设计中心 | Centralized air intake and exhaust system of offshore nuclear power platform |
| CN112693572A (en) * | 2021-01-29 | 2021-04-23 | 广船国际有限公司 | Ship cabin structure and ship |
| CN115092314B (en) * | 2022-05-20 | 2024-01-19 | 广船国际有限公司 | Ship |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN1161296A (en) * | 1996-01-30 | 1997-10-08 | 新加坡生产力及标准部 | Ventilation unit |
| KR20130034812A (en) * | 2011-09-29 | 2013-04-08 | 현대중공업 주식회사 | Container ship upgrading over flow pipe |
| CN103057673B (en) * | 2012-12-20 | 2015-06-03 | 沪东中华造船(集团)有限公司 | Anti-heeling ballast structure |
| CN106926973A (en) * | 2017-02-23 | 2017-07-07 | 中国舰船研究设计中心 | A kind of ship stabilization water tank structure |
| CN108016597B (en) * | 2017-11-17 | 2023-12-19 | 广州碧海新能源有限公司 | Ventilation and exhaust system of ship engine room |
| CN207550446U (en) * | 2017-11-22 | 2018-06-29 | 海思特海事技术(上海)有限公司 | A kind of tank stabilizer damps harden structure |
| CN108128436A (en) * | 2017-12-06 | 2018-06-08 | 浙江海洋大学 | A kind of watercraft engine room ventilating system |
| CN208306909U (en) * | 2018-05-17 | 2019-01-01 | 中远海运特种运输股份有限公司 | High unsinkability Ship Structure |
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