CN111301212B - Orderly charging method for electric automobile - Google Patents
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- CN111301212B CN111301212B CN202010150474.XA CN202010150474A CN111301212B CN 111301212 B CN111301212 B CN 111301212B CN 202010150474 A CN202010150474 A CN 202010150474A CN 111301212 B CN111301212 B CN 111301212B
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L53/00—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles
- B60L53/60—Monitoring or controlling charging stations
- B60L53/63—Monitoring or controlling charging stations in response to network capacity
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L53/00—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles
- B60L53/60—Monitoring or controlling charging stations
- B60L53/64—Optimising energy costs, e.g. responding to electricity rates
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L53/00—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles
- B60L53/60—Monitoring or controlling charging stations
- B60L53/66—Data transfer between charging stations and vehicles
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
- Y02T10/70—Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
- Y02T10/7072—Electromobility specific charging systems or methods for batteries, ultracapacitors, supercapacitors or double-layer capacitors
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T90/00—Enabling technologies or technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02T90/10—Technologies relating to charging of electric vehicles
- Y02T90/12—Electric charging stations
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T90/00—Enabling technologies or technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02T90/10—Technologies relating to charging of electric vehicles
- Y02T90/16—Information or communication technologies improving the operation of electric vehicles
Abstract
The invention relates to an electric automobile ordered charging method, which aims at the problems that the distribution capacity of a residential area is limited, the peak adding condition on the load peak of the residential area is easy to occur when an additional electric automobile charging load is added, and the safety of a power distribution network of the residential area is influenced. Through simulation verification, a simulation result shows that the method can effectively restrain peaks and fill valleys, guarantee safe operation of a power grid, fully consider user use experience and improve user satisfaction.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of charging of electric automobiles, and particularly relates to an orderly charging method for an electric automobile.
Background
In recent years, the electric automobile industry develops rapidly in the world, and the output and sales volume of the electric automobile is greatly improved. In 2019, the electric passenger cars in the Chinese market are sold for 120.6 thousands of electric vehicles, and the electric vehicles are sold by the champion in 5 consecutive years. The sales of electric automobiles in each country have been rapidly increased since 2017, and particularly, the stock of electric automobiles in China currently exceeds 340 thousands. Along with the increase of the number of electric automobiles, the charging of the electric automobiles brings huge influence on a power grid, the influence of the charging of electric automobile loads on the power grid is mainly reflected on the aspect of a power distribution network, and at present, a plurality of documents summarize the influence of the charging of the accessed vehicles on the power grid in detail. After a large number of electric automobiles are randomly accessed into a power grid in an unordered mode, charging loads are overlapped with original basic loads, so that the peak-to-peak load of the total load of the power grid is caused, and the influence on the power distribution network is huge. At present, the method mainly relates to the aspects of the power quality (voltage deviation, harmonic pollution, three-phase imbalance), reliability (load peak value), economic operation (system network loss and transformer service life) and the like of the power distribution network. In a residential community, the capacity of a power distribution network in the community is extremely limited because the simultaneous charging of large-scale electric vehicles is not basically considered at the beginning of the construction of the community, and researches show that the disordered charging time period of the electric vehicles and the electricity consumption peak of the residential community are basically in the same time period. Therefore, the charging load of the vehicle can be superposed on the power consumption peak of the power grid, so that the phenomenon of 'peak-to-peak' of the total load of the power distribution network occurs, severe impact is caused to the power distribution network, and even the maximum load of the transformer is exceeded, so that the safe operation of the power grid is threatened. Meanwhile, the valley period of the power distribution network of the community cannot be fully utilized, the power grid curve fluctuation is aggravated due to disordered charging, and the peak-valley difference rate is increased.
Therefore, the problem of charging electric vehicles in a community is urgently solved.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide an orderly charging method for an electric automobile, which adopts the cell load allowance to charge the electric automobile and solves the problem of insufficient load capacity of a cell power distribution network; by utilizing a multi-level sequencing ordered charging rule, the problem of peak-to-peak addition caused by disordered charging is avoided.
In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme provided by the invention is as follows:
an orderly charging method for an electric vehicle comprises the following steps:
the first step is as follows: determining whether there is a power distribution margin, i.e. P Y =P-P CG If the judgment result is no, ending; if yes, carrying out a second step; in the formula, P Y For the distribution margin, P is the distribution rated capacity of the district, P CG Setting a charging program starting threshold value for the real-time total power of the conventional load of the cell;
the second step: calculating accessible charging subscribers m, i.e. m = P Y /P on (ii) a In the formula, P on Power for each charging pile;
the third step: the accessed charging users are ranked in a grading way, and the number of the first priority users is S 1 The number of users of the second priority is S 2 The number of users of the second priority is S 3 ；
The fourth step: determining the queue-inserting users, and if yes, performing a fifth step; if not, carrying out the eighth step;
the fifth step: judging the number S of first priority users 1 If the number m is larger than or equal to m, if yes, the sixth step is carried out, and if not, the seventh step is carried out;
and a sixth step: accessing m queue-inserting users, returning to the first step after accessing the users, and waiting for accessing when the next allowance exists;
the seventh step: access S 1 The queue-inserting users return to the first step after accessing the users;
eighth step: comparing the current time, judging whether the charging starting time of the user with the second priority is reached, if so, performing the ninth step, and if not, performing the twelfth step;
the ninth step: judging the number S of users with the second priority 2 If the judgment result is yes, the tenth step is carried out, and if the judgment result is no, the eleventh step is carried out;
the tenth step: accessing the first m users reaching the charging starting moment, and returning to the first step after execution;
the eleventh step: s connected to the starting moment of charging 2 The user returns to the first step after executing;
the twelfth step: comparing the current time to determine whether the current time reaches the third-priority charging starting time, and if so, performing the thirteenth step; if not, the process is finished.
The thirteenth step: judging the number S of users with the second priority 3 If the judgment result is yes, the fourteenth step is carried out, and if the judgment result is no, the fifteenth step is carried out;
the fourteenth step is that: accessing the first m users with the third priority, and returning to the first step after execution;
the fifteenth step: accessing a user with a third priority, and ending after execution;
further, the ordering rules of the queue-inserting user, the second priority and the third priority are as follows:
the queue-inserting users are users with queue-inserting requirements, in the queue of the level, sequencing is carried out according to the arrival sequence, and the earlier the arrival time is, the higher the priority is;
the second priority is the users who have user requirements or can not complete the charging task in the valley period;
the third priority is that the common user can complete the load of the charging task in the valley period;
in the second priority and the third priority, the priority of the same level is determined according to the size of the expected charging time T, the larger the T is, the higher the priority is, and when the T is equal, the priority is sequenced according to the arrival sequence.
The method for orderly charging the electric automobile comprises the following steps of:
the first step is as follows: judging whether the load shedding condition is reached, if so, executing the second step, otherwise, ending;
the second step is that: judging whether a charging load is charged, if so, executing the third step, and if not, finishing;
the third step: calculating the load quantity to be cut off, and executing the fourth step after the load quantity is cut off;
the fourth step: sequencing the accessed charging loads according to the sequence opposite to the access sequence, and executing the fifth step after the sequencing is finished;
the fifth step: calculating the number of the charging loads needing to be cut off, and executing a sixth step after the calculation is finished;
and a sixth step: cutting off the charging load to be cut off, and executing a seventh step after the cutting off is finished;
the seventh step: after delaying a period of time, judging whether overload exists or not, if so, executing the second step, and if not, ending.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial results that:
the method transfers the charging time of the electric automobile to the low valley period of the load of the power distribution network of the community, fills the valley and reduces the peak valley difference of the power distribution network of the community; the charging cost of the user is greatly reduced, and the income of the agent is improved; the system has the function of automatically cutting off loads, and can cut off redundant charging loads when the cell power distribution network is overloaded and has charging loads to be charged.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, the drawings that should be used will be briefly described below.
FIG. 1 is an overload and cut-off flow diagram of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a load shedding flow diagram of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a comparison graph of simulation results of orderly charging and disorderly charging of the electric vehicle.
Detailed Description
To facilitate an understanding of the invention, the invention will now be described more fully with reference to the accompanying drawings. Preferred embodiments of the present invention are shown in the drawings. This invention may, however, be embodied in many different forms and should not be construed as limited to the embodiments set forth herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided so that this disclosure will be thorough and complete.
An orderly charging method for an electric vehicle is shown in fig. 1, and the orderly charging process comprises the following steps:
the first step is as follows: determine if there is a power distribution margin, i.e. P Y =P-P CG If the judgment result is no, ending; if yes, carrying out a second step;
the second step is that: calculating accessible charging subscribers m, i.e. m = P Y /P on ；
The third step: the accessed charging users are ranked in a grading way, and the number of the first priority users is S 1 The number of users of the second priority is S 2 The number of users of the second priority is S 3 ；
The fourth step: determining the queue-inserting users, and if so, performing the fifth step; if not, carrying out the eighth step;
the fifth step: judging the number S of first priority users 1 If the number m is larger than or equal to m, if yes, the sixth step is carried out, and if not, the seventh step is carried out;
and a sixth step: accessing m queue-inserting users, returning to the first step after accessing the users, and waiting for accessing when the next allowance exists;
the seventh step: access S 1 TeamThe user returns to the first step after accessing the user;
eighth step: comparing the current time, judging whether the charging starting time of the user with the second priority is reached, if so, carrying out the ninth step, and if not, carrying out the twelfth step;
the ninth step: judging the number S of users with the second priority 2 If the judgment result is yes, the tenth step is carried out, and if the judgment result is no, the eleventh step is carried out;
the tenth step: accessing the first m users reaching the charging starting moment, and returning to the first step after execution;
the eleventh step: s connected to the starting moment of charging 2 The user returns to the first step after executing;
the twelfth step: comparing the current time to determine whether the current time reaches the third-priority charging starting time, and if so, performing the thirteenth step; if not, the process is finished.
And a thirteenth step of: judging the number S of users with the second priority 3 If the judgment result is yes, the fourteenth step is carried out, and if the judgment result is no, the fifteenth step is carried out;
the fourteenth step is that: accessing the first m users with the third priority, and returning to the first step after execution;
the fifteenth step: and accessing the user with the third priority, and ending after execution.
The above sort rule is:
1) Queue user (first priority): users with queue-insertion requirements. In the queue, sequencing is carried out according to the arrival sequence, and the earlier the arrival time is, the higher the priority is;
2) Users who have a user request or who cannot complete the charging task during the valley period (second priority);
3) Normal user (third priority): the load capable of completing the charging task in the valley period;
in the second priority and the third priority, the priority of the same level is determined according to the size of the expected charging time T, the larger the T is, the higher the priority is, and when the T is equal, the priority is sequenced according to the arrival sequence.
The meaning of each letter in the above formula is described as follows:
P Y for the distribution margin, P is the distribution rated capacity of the district, P CG Real-time total power for the conventional load of the cell, and Δ P is the threshold for setting the start of the charging procedure, P on Power is charged for each.
Referring to fig. 2, the load automatic recovery steps of the method of the present invention specifically include the following steps:
the first step is as follows: judging whether the load shedding condition is reached, if so, executing the second step, otherwise, ending;
the second step is that: judging whether a charging load is charged or not, if so, executing the third step, and if not, ending;
the third step: calculating the load quantity to be cut off, and executing the fourth step after the load quantity is finished;
the fourth step: sequencing the accessed charging loads according to the sequence opposite to the access sequence, and executing the fifth step after the sequencing is finished;
the fifth step: calculating the number of the charging loads needing to be cut off, and executing the sixth step after the calculation is finished;
and a sixth step: cutting off the charging load to be cut off, and executing the seventh step after the cutting off is finished;
the seventh step: and after delaying for a period of time, judging whether overload still exists, if so, executing the second step, and if not, finishing.
Fig. 3 is a graph of the basic load, the total load of the ordered charging mode and the total load of the disordered charging mode of the cell distribution network obtained through simulation. It can be seen that compared with the disordered charging mode in which the vehicles are mostly gathered at 17 to 24 hours in the evening, the charging time of the vehicles in the ordered charging mode is dispersed and is basically arranged to be charged in the load valley period from 0 to 7 hours in the early morning, the vehicle load makes the grid valley period relatively flat, the valley filling effect is obvious, and no new peak load is generated.
Table 1 shows data obtained by simulation in two modes of disordered charging and ordered charging, where 40 electric vehicles are taken as an example, and the simulation results of the two charging modes are compared and analyzed below from two aspects of peak-to-valley difference rate and economy.
In the aspect of peak-valley difference rate, the peak is added on the total load peak of the distribution network caused by the charging load in the disordered charging mode, the maximum total load is 914kW and exceeds the maximum load bearing value of the transformer, and the peak-valley difference rate of the load of the distribution network is 61.74%; under the ordered charging mode, the total shade peak value of the cell distribution network still keeps the peak value of the original basic load unchanged, and the electric automobile is arranged to be charged in the valley period, so that the valley filling effect on the distribution network is well realized, the peak-valley difference rate of the distribution network is obviously reduced from 61.74% to 36.2%, and the fluctuation of a load curve of the power network is well stabilized. The network loss of the power distribution network is closely related to the shape of a load curve, and the smaller the fluctuation of the load curve is, the lower the network loss of the system is. Therefore, the electric automobile can well reduce the network loss through the ordered charging control, and is beneficial to the economic operation of a power grid and the improvement of the operation efficiency of power distribution equipment.
As can be seen from the income table in table 2, in the aspect of economic benefit, compared with the disordered charging mode, the user response low-valley time-of-use electricity price in the ordered charging mode is reduced, the total charging cost of the user is reduced from 2083.23 yuan to 1589.37 yuan, 493.86 yuan is reduced, 23.7% is reduced, the charging cost is reduced, and the satisfaction of the user and the enthusiasm of the response ordered charging strategy can be greatly improved; in addition, by charging the electric vehicle with the low-valley electricity price, the profit of the charging station operator is improved from 409.51 yuan to 667.73 yuan, and the profit is improved by 63.05%.
Through analysis, the charging optimization is carried out on the charging behavior of the vehicle, the service efficiency and the service life of the distribution transformer of the community are improved, the charging cost of a user is reduced, the income of an operator is also improved, and the multi-win of the benefits of a power supply part, the user and the operator is realized.
The above-mentioned embodiments only express several embodiments of the present invention, and the description thereof is more specific and detailed, but not construed as limiting the scope of the invention. It should be noted that, for a person skilled in the art, several variations and modifications can be made without departing from the inventive concept, which falls within the scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present patent should be subject to the appended claims.
Claims (1)
1. The ordered charging method of the electric automobile is characterized by comprising the following steps:
the first step is as follows: determine if there is a power distribution margin, i.e. P Y =P-P CG If the judgment result is no, ending; if yes, carrying out a second step; in the formula, P Y For the distribution margin, P is the distribution rated capacity of the district, P CG The real-time total power of the conventional load of the cell is calculated, and the delta P is a threshold value for setting the starting of a charging program;
the second step is that: calculating accessible charging subscribers m, i.e. m = P Y /P on (ii) a In the formula, P on Power for each charging pile;
the third step: the accessed charging users are ranked in a grading way, and the number of the first priority users is S 1 The number of users of the second priority is S 2 The number of users of the third priority is S 3 ；
The fourth step: determining the queue-inserting users, and if so, performing the fifth step; if not, carrying out the eighth step;
the fifth step: judging the number S of first priority users 1 If the number m is larger than or equal to m, if yes, the sixth step is carried out, and if not, the seventh step is carried out;
and a sixth step: accessing m queue-inserting users, returning to the first step after accessing the users, and waiting for accessing when allowance exists next time;
the seventh step: access S 1 The queue-inserting users return to the first step after accessing the users;
eighth step: comparing the current time, judging whether the charging starting time of the user with the second priority is reached, if so, carrying out the ninth step, and if not, carrying out the twelfth step;
the ninth step: judging the number S of users with the second priority 2 If the judgment result is yes, the tenth step is carried out, and if the judgment result is no, the eleventh step is carried out;
the tenth step: accessing the first m users reaching the charging starting moment, and returning to the first step after execution;
the eleventh step: s connected to the starting moment of charging 2 The user returns to the first step after executing;
the twelfth step: comparing the current time to determine whether the current time reaches the third-priority charging starting time, and if so, performing the thirteenth step; if not, ending;
the thirteenth step: judging the number S of users with the third priority 3 If the sum of the measured values is more than or equal to m, if the measured value is judged to be yes, the fourteenth step is carried out, and if the measured value is not judged to be no, the fifteenth step is carried out;
the fourteenth step is that: accessing the first m users with the third priority, and returning to the first step after execution;
the fifteenth step: accessing the user with the third priority, and finishing the execution;
the sequencing rules of the queue-inserting user, the second priority and the third priority are as follows:
the queue-inserting users are users with queue-inserting requirements, in the queue of the level, sequencing is carried out according to the arrival sequence, and the earlier the arrival time is, the higher the priority is;
the second priority is the users who have user requirements or can not complete the charging task in the valley period;
the third priority is that the common user can complete the load of the charging task in the valley period;
in the second priority and the third priority, the priorities of the same level are determined and sorted according to the size of the expected charging time T, the larger the T is, the higher the priority is, and when the T is equal, the priority is sorted according to the arrival sequence;
the automatic load recovery comprises the following steps:
the first step is as follows: judging whether the load shedding condition is reached, if so, executing the second step, otherwise, ending;
the second step is that: judging whether a charging load is charged or not, if so, executing the third step, and if not, ending;
the third step: calculating the load quantity to be cut off, and executing the fourth step after the load quantity is cut off;
the fourth step: sequencing the accessed charging loads according to the sequence opposite to the access sequence, and executing the fifth step after the sequencing is finished;
the fifth step: calculating the number of the charging loads needing to be cut off, and executing the sixth step after the calculation is finished;
and a sixth step: cutting off the charging load to be cut off, and executing the seventh step after the cutting off is finished;
the seventh step: and after delaying for a period of time, judging whether overload still exists, if so, executing the second step, and if not, finishing.
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| CN115402141A (en) * | 2022-11-02 | 2022-11-29 | 国网浙江省电力有限公司金华供电公司 | Electric automobile flexible charging control method and device based on load following |
| CN116766999B (en) * | 2023-07-04 | 2023-12-29 | 北京达三江电器设备厂 | Electric network interaction electric engineering car charging system |
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