CN111301063B - Method for calculating tire wear according to tire pattern depth data - Google Patents
Method for calculating tire wear according to tire pattern depth data Download PDFInfo
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- CN111301063B CN111301063B CN202010154006.XA CN202010154006A CN111301063B CN 111301063 B CN111301063 B CN 111301063B CN 202010154006 A CN202010154006 A CN 202010154006A CN 111301063 B CN111301063 B CN 111301063B
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60C—VEHICLE TYRES; TYRE INFLATION; TYRE CHANGING; CONNECTING VALVES TO INFLATABLE ELASTIC BODIES IN GENERAL; DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS RELATED TO TYRES
- B60C11/00—Tyre tread bands; Tread patterns; Anti-skid inserts
- B60C11/24—Wear-indicating arrangements
- B60C11/243—Tread wear sensors, e.g. electronic sensors
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60C—VEHICLE TYRES; TYRE INFLATION; TYRE CHANGING; CONNECTING VALVES TO INFLATABLE ELASTIC BODIES IN GENERAL; DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS RELATED TO TYRES
- B60C11/00—Tyre tread bands; Tread patterns; Anti-skid inserts
- B60C11/24—Wear-indicating arrangements
- B60C11/246—Tread wear monitoring systems
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Abstract
A method for calculating the abrasion of a tire according to the flower depth data of the tire comprises data preprocessing, data calculation and analysis and result secondary processing; the data is the flower depth data of the tire tread; according to the invention, the total number of the grooves of the tire and the corresponding groove depth are obtained by processing the data of the tire tread, so that the abrasion degree of the tire can be calculated, the tire can be replaced in time, and the use is safe and convenient.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of tire inspection, in particular to a method for calculating tire wear according to tire pattern depth data.
Background
With the progress of the times and the development of science and technology, the logistics industry becomes more active, and the requirements on logistics transportation from the aspects of safety, timeliness, controllability and the like are higher and higher.
The logistics transportation vehicle is mainly a transportation vehicle with a separated main trailer, and consists of a tractor and a trailer, and the vehicle is also widely concerned as the important part of the logistics industry, and brings many challenges to the aspects of safety and operation management due to the particularity of the vehicle composition. Especially, the monitoring of the running state of the vehicle and the state of the vehicle tires in the running process of the vehicle is very critical for each logistics transportation personnel, and the logistics transportation personnel directly relate to the safety of vehicle transportation.
In order to solve the problem, a solution of additionally arranging a display in a cockpit is proposed in the industry, and monitoring data of the tire is obtained and displayed through signal line transmission. However, as for the tractor and the trailer, two different displays are often used for displaying respectively, which causes great inconvenience to the driver, and as the trailer is far away from the cockpit and has more tires, the wired transmission mode is difficult to realize. Moreover, the displayed data can only be seen by the driver in the cockpit, and the logistics transportation company cannot monitor the data, so that the traceability of the data is not mentioned.
In addition, because the working duration of commodity circulation haulage vehicle is longer than general vehicle, the mobile unit damages, ages more seriously, and the display damages to change also takes place occasionally, all needs the maintenance personal scene to change at every turn, relies on artifical record completely to the management of this equipment of display, and to operation management, the cost expenditure of this item is higher and the equipment management and control is comparatively loaded down with trivial details.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention overcomes the defects of the prior art, and provides the method for calculating the tire wear according to the tire pattern depth data, which is convenient to combine with the handheld equipment with simple and reasonable structure, relatively low in cost and high in transmission rate.
In order to solve the technical problems, the technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
a method for calculating the abrasion of a tire according to the flower depth data of the tire comprises data preprocessing, data calculation and analysis and result secondary processing; the data is the flower depth data of the tire tread; the specific data processing steps are as follows:
101) a data preprocessing step: counting the total amount of data to be processed, and reasonably grouping according to the data capacity; putting the grouped data into an algorithm model, and calculating a characteristic value of each group of data and a threshold value in a characteristic value set;
102) and (3) calculating and analyzing data: filtering out data distributed on the tire grooves according to the characteristic value of each group of data and the extracted threshold value; performing correlation calculation on the filtered data, and classifying the data through a clustering algorithm, wherein the classified data set is the number of the tire grooves and the point distribution; finding out the maximum value and the minimum value from the data on each groove, wherein the difference value of the maximum value and the minimum value is the depth of the current groove;
103) and (5) a result secondary treatment step: taking a weighted average A of all the groove depths according to the data distribution quantity on each groove, and removing two depth values with the maximum difference with the A; the remaining groove depth values are weighted and averaged again to yield the tire wear level.
Further, the flower depth data of the tire tread is obtained through a displacement sensor, and is obtained through the following steps:
201) the displacement sensor scans a certain section of the tire and collects the flower depth data of the tire tread;
202) the displacement sensor converts the pattern depth data of the tire tread into an electric signal and transmits the electric signal to an upper computer;
203) and the upper computer receives the pattern depth data of the tire tread.
Further, the step 102) of calculating and analyzing the data includes the following steps:
1021) storing original data scanned by an inspection device into a data _ list, wherein the data _ list is an integer array and is used for storing the original data, and the data _ list is called an original data set;
1022) recording the length data _ list _ size of original data, wherein the data _ list _ size is an integer number, and the size represents the number of data in an original data set;
1023) traversing the original data set data _ list, and dividing the original data set data _ list into size arrays, wherein each array is represented by the following form:
key：value
wherein the key is the id number of each array, and the value is the characteristic of each array, wherein the definition is as follows:
value = [ slope value k of data in each array, raw data in each array ]
All the arrays are converted to obtain the dictionary data _ dit,
1024) screening out data groups with the slope value k being more than or equal to a set value in the data _ fact, forming the screened data groups into a slope _ over _ threshold _ list, and classifying and combining the data in the slope _ over _ threshold _ list, wherein the data groups are continuously or closely divided into one group; screening out data with the slope value k smaller than a set value in the data _ fact, forming the screened data into a slope _ under _ threshold _ list, and classifying and combining the numbers in the slope _ under _ threshold _ list, wherein the arrays are continuously or closely divided into one group;
1025) clustering and merging a structure in the slope _ over _ threshold _ list and a structure in the slope _ under _ threshold _ list to obtain a groove _ list;
calculating the number of sub lists in the groove _ list to be the number of the tire grooves;
1026) and taking out the maximum value and the minimum value of each sublist of the groove _ list, wherein the values are the highest point and the lowest point of each groove.
Further, the groove _ list obtained by clustering and merging in step 1025) is expressed as:
groove_list=[ [list_a_1] , [list_a_2+list_b_1] , [list_a_3+list_b_2]....]，
the groove _ list is a composite array; the sub-items which can be merged in the clustering merging need to satisfy the following formula (1) and are the minimum values in all combinations;
| max (list _ b _ q) + once _ count _ size-min (list _ a _ p) | < = once _ count _ size equation (1)
In the formula: list _ a _ p is a structure in a slope _ over _ threshold _ list, and list _ b _ q is a structure in a slope _ under _ threshold _ list;
compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages that:
according to the invention, the total number of grooves of the tire and the corresponding groove depth are obtained by processing the data of the tire tread, so that the abrasion degree of the tire can be calculated, the tire can be replaced in time, and the use is safe and convenient.
2, the invention has simple integral design and can realize real-time monitoring of the running condition of the tire.
The method decomposes the original data set with large data volume into the array with small volume, wherein the length of the array is judged according to the experience of operators, so that the calculation amount can be greatly reduced, and the calculation efficiency of the device is improved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a top view of the inspection device of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a diagram of inspection device usage of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a side view of the inspection device of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a circuit diagram of the current detection circuit of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a circuit diagram of the charging voltage detection circuit of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a circuit diagram of the 9V voltage detection circuit of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a circuit diagram of the 3.3V voltage detection circuit of the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a diagram of a charging module of the present invention;
FIG. 9 is a 9V voltage block diagram of the present invention;
FIG. 10 is a block diagram of the 3.3V voltage of the present invention;
FIG. 11 is a frame diagram of the present invention;
FIG. 12 is a flow chart of tire tread depth data processing according to the present invention;
FIG. 13 is a diagram illustrating the effect of scanning data display according to the present invention;
FIG. 14 is a data acquisition process flow diagram of the present invention;
FIG. 15 is a flow chart of high speed data transmission according to the present invention.
The following are marked in the figure: handle 1, patrol and examine body 2, flower depth measuring component 3, magnetic bead 4, pivot 5, charge mouthful 6 and interface plug-in components 7.
Detailed Description
The embodiments of the present invention are described below with reference to specific embodiments, and other advantages and effects of the present invention will be easily understood by those skilled in the art from the disclosure of the present specification. The invention is capable of other and different embodiments and of being practiced or of being carried out in various ways, and its several details are capable of modification in various respects, all without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. It should be noted that, in the following embodiments, features in the embodiments may be combined with each other without conflict.
It should be noted that the drawings provided in the following embodiments are only for illustrating the basic idea of the present invention, and only the components related to the present invention are shown in the drawings rather than being drawn according to the number, shape and size of the components in actual implementation, and the type, quantity and proportion of the components in actual implementation may be changed freely, and the layout of the components may be more complicated.
Example 1:
an auxiliary inspection system based on a vehicle tire intelligent system comprises an inspection device, portable handheld equipment and a background server. In this embodiment, the portable handheld device may be a mobile phone running a wechat applet.
The auxiliary inspection system can detect the working states of the sensors, the receiver and the vehicle information terminal and carry out fault inspection on the working states, and the sensors can be tire temperature sensors and tire pressure sensors; the sensor may be located on a tyre and the receiver is arranged to receive sensor signals transmitted over a relatively long distance. Information interaction exists between the sensor and the receiver and the vehicle information terminal, and the vehicle information terminal can obtain data transmitted by the sensor and the receiver. The sensor, the receiver, the vehicle information terminal, the inspection device, the portable handheld device and the background server are in interactive communication with each other in a wired communication or wireless communication mode. The wired communication CAN be selected to be one or more of a CAN bus and a 485 bus, and the wireless communication CAN be selected to be one or more of GPRS, BLE and 433M; the whole inspection device can be portable and is convenient to carry.
The portable handheld equipment is connected with the inspection device through the low-power-consumption Bluetooth; the inspection device is connected with the sensor and the receiver through a wireless module, and the wireless module can be a 433M wireless module; the inspection device is connected with the receiver and the vehicle-mounted information terminal through the CAN bus.
The detection of the sensor comprises the following steps:
101) the mobile phone running the WeChat applet is connected with the inspection device through low-power Bluetooth (BLE) and sends a sensor detection instruction;
102) the inspection device receives the instruction, starts the detection function of the sensor, and sends a low-frequency signal of 125kHz to excite the sensor;
103) the sensor receives the excitation signal and sends a corresponding detection signal to the inspection device through the 433M wireless module;
104) the inspection device receives data returned by the sensor, checks and encapsulates the received data and then sends the data to the mobile phone running the WeChat applet;
105) the mobile phone running the WeChat applet receives and displays the data of the working state of the sensor, and simultaneously sends the data to the background server;
106) and the background server receives and stores the data.
The detection for the vehicle information terminal includes the steps of:
201) the mobile phone running the WeChat applet is connected with the inspection device through low-power Bluetooth (BLE) and sends a vehicle information terminal detection instruction;
202) the inspection device receives the instruction and sends the instruction to the terminal through the CAN bus;
203) the vehicle information terminal receives the instruction sent out in the step 202), enters a hardware self-checking mode, and transmits a self-checking result back to the inspection device;
204) the inspection device receives data returned by the vehicle information terminal, checks and encapsulates the received data and then sends the data to the mobile phone running the WeChat applet;
205) the mobile phone running the WeChat applet receives and displays the data of the working state of the vehicle information terminal, and simultaneously sends the data to the background server;
206) and the background server receives and stores the data.
The detection for the receiver comprises the following steps:
301) the mobile phone running the WeChat applet is connected with the inspection device through low-power Bluetooth (BLE) and sends a receiver detection instruction;
302) the inspection device receives the instruction and sends a test instruction to the receiver through the wireless device, wherein the test instruction can be an instruction sent by the 433M wireless module;
303) the receiver receives the test instruction sent out in the step 302) and returns the test instruction to the inspection device through the CAN bus;
304) the inspection device receives the data returned by the receiver, compares the data with the test instruction sent in the step 302), judges whether the receiver can normally return the data, and sends the analysis result to the mobile phone running the WeChat applet;
305) the mobile phone running the WeChat applet receives and displays the data of the working state of the receiver, and simultaneously sends the data to the background server;
306) and the background server receives and stores the data.
As shown in fig. 14, the inspection device can not only transmit signals and data in the process of detecting the working states of the sensor, the receiver and the vehicle information terminal, but also detect the tire pattern depth, wherein the detection of the tire pattern depth specifically comprises the following steps:
401) a displacement sensor (generally an excitation sensor) arranged on a flower depth measuring component of the inspection device scans a certain section on the tire tread and collects tire tread data, wherein the tire tread data comprises the flower depth data of the tire tread;
402) the displacement sensor converts the distance data into voltage signals and then transmits the voltage signals to an embedded control chip in the inspection body at a high speed;
403) the embedded control chip receives the voltage signal, converts the voltage signal into cache data by using an ADC (analog to digital converter), transmits the cache data to a corresponding cache address at a high speed through a DMA (direct memory access) transmission channel, reads the data in the cache address at a high speed and transmits the data to a memory address;
the embedded control chip converts the voltage signal into cache data, then carries out average value and peak clipping and valley limiting processing on the cache data, then puts the cache data into a cache address, preferentially carries out peak clipping and valley limiting processing after the average value processing, deletes data which does not reach a lowest set value and exceeds a highest set value in the peak clipping and valley limiting processing, and aims to reduce the total amount of the data and ensure the validity of the data;
in the process of high-speed reading data from a cache address by the embedded control chip, performing peak clipping and valley limiting (setting upper and lower limit thresholds) processing on the read cache data, and putting the processed data into a memory address; further avoiding the influence of error or invalid data in the transmission and reading processes on the result;
the embedded control chip receives the electric signal transmitted from the displacement sensor, converts the electric signal into cache data and converts the cache data into memory data at the same time;
404) after the displacement sensor finishes scanning data and data transmission is finished, traversing all stored effective data in the memory of the embedded control chip, changing data with larger deviation from a front value and a rear value into an average value of the front data and the rear data, and processing the data into a curve with smoother transition through filtering processing;
405) transmitting the obtained tire section scanning point data to an upper computer for calculation, wherein the upper computer can be a background server;
406) and the upper computer receives and processes the tire section scanning point data to obtain tire related data including the tire tread wear degree, the number of tire grooves and the like.
In addition, the method for detecting the tire tread depth can also be realized by an independent system, the system comprises a device independently provided with a displacement sensor, a device independently provided with an embedded control chip and an upper computer, and the device independently provided with the displacement sensor scans a certain section on the tire tread and collects the tire tread data.
As shown in fig. 15, the process of transmitting data at high speed in step 402) and step 403) includes the following steps:
501) the data transmission side (lower computer) calculates the size of data to be transmitted, divides the data into a plurality of groups, and adds a packet head, a packet tail, a packet length, an index ID and a check value to each group of data for packaging; in this embodiment, the check value adopts a CRC check code;
502) the data transmission side (lower computer) informs the data receiving side (upper computer) of the size of data to be transmitted and the number of sub-packets, and the data receiving side (upper computer) requests the data transmission side (lower computer) to start transmitting all data after the data receiving side (upper computer) is ready to receive the data;
503) the data transmission party (lower computer) transmits the packaged data to the data receiving party (upper computer) in a data flow mode, and informs the data receiving party (upper computer) that the data transmission is finished at the current time after all packets are transmitted;
504) a data receiver (upper computer) unpacks the received data according to a packet head, a packet tail and a packet length, and records data packet indexes ID (identity) of different transmission packet lengths and receiving packet lengths;
505) a data receiver (an upper computer) traverses the unpacked data packet index IDs, compares the number of data packets which should be received theoretically, and records the lost data packet index IDs;
506) a data receiver (upper computer) traverses the unpacked data packets to check the content, compares the calculated check value with the check value in the data packets, and records the index IDs of the data packets with different check values;
507) the data receiver (upper computer) sends the data packet index ID in the steps 504), 505) and 506) to the data transmitter (lower computer), the data transmitter (lower computer) sends a plurality of data packets with errors in last transmission to the data receiver (upper computer) again, and the data receiver (upper computer) is informed that the data transmission is finished when all the data packets are transmitted;
508) and repeating the steps 504), 505), 506) and 507) until the data is completely transmitted without errors, and combining the data packets after the data receiver (upper computer) extracts the content of the data packets to obtain the data to be transmitted.
And in the step 502), a data receiving party (an upper computer) is informed of the size of data to be transmitted and the number of sub-packets through a command frame. In this embodiment, the data transmitter may be a displacement sensor, the data receiver may be an embedded control chip or an inspection device, and the data receiver is a portable handheld device.
In other embodiments, the data receiving party and the data transmitting party are not limited to data transmission between the sensor and the inspection device, and in the field of vehicle-mounted, the data transmission method is applicable to wired/wireless transmission, such as data transmission between the vehicle information terminal or the receiver and the inspection device, and between the inspection device and the portable handheld device in this embodiment.
It should be noted that after the above steps, a large amount of data can be split and resolved, so as to increase the transmission speed and reduce the network occupancy rate. The above data processing can be applied not only to the high-speed data transmission in step 402) and step 403), but also to data transmission between other devices in the present system or not in the present system.
The check value in said step 501), in this embodiment a CRC check code, which is based on considering the bit string as a polynomial with coefficients of 0 or 1, the data stream of one k bits can be regarded as a sequence of coefficients of a polynomial of degree k-1 from order k-1 to order 0 with respect to x. With this encoding, the sender and receiver must agree on a generator polynomial g (x) as a divisor in advance, whose upper and lower bits must be 1. To calculate the checksum for the m-bit frame m (x), the basic idea is to add the checksum to the end of the frame so that the polynomial for this frame with checksum is divisible by the divisor g (x). When the receiving side receives the frame added with the checksum, G (x) is used for removing the frame, if the frame has a remainder, the CRC is checked to be wrong, and only the frame without the remainder is checked to be correct. The specific steps of acquiring the CRC check code are as follows:
501a) selecting a set divisor G (x);
501b) looking at the number of binary digits of the selected divisor, then adding a 0 of (binary digit number-1) bit on the data frame to be transmitted; the newly generated data frame is then divided by the divisor by modulo-2 division, and the remainder is the CRC check code for the frame.
It should be noted that the number of bits of the remainder obtained in step 501 b) is necessarily one less than the number of binary bits of the divisor g (x), i.e., the number of CRC check code bits is one less than the number of bits of the divisor, and cannot be omitted if the previous bit is 0;
in order to improve the efficiency of the checking algorithm, before the check code is acquired, data compression processing may be performed, where the data compression is to convert single data acquired by a sensor into data of one byte size after base point shift and equal scaling, and the specific steps are as follows:
5011) firstly, removing invalid data at the tail part of the data;
5012) traversing the whole data string, and calculating the absolute value of the difference value of adjacent data; replacing two adjacent data with absolute values larger than a set value by the mean value of the two data;
5013) the data string obtained in step 5012) was compressed to 1 byte length in equal proportion.
As shown in fig. 12 and 13, the processing of the obtained flower depth data of the tire tread by the backend server in step S4 and step 406) includes data preprocessing, data calculation analysis and result secondary processing, and the specific steps are as follows:
601) a data preprocessing step: counting the total amount of data to be processed for the obtained flower depth data, and reasonably grouping according to the data capacity; putting the grouped data into an algorithm model, and calculating a characteristic value of each group of data and a threshold value in a characteristic value set;
602) and (3) calculating and analyzing data: filtering out data distributed on the tire grooves according to the characteristic value of each group of data and the extracted threshold value; performing correlation calculation on the filtered data, and classifying the data through a clustering algorithm, wherein the classified data set is the number of the tire grooves and the point distribution; finding out the maximum value and the minimum value from the data on each groove, wherein the difference value of the maximum value and the minimum value is the depth of the current groove;
603) and (5) a result secondary treatment step: taking a weighted average A of all the groove depths according to the data distribution quantity on each groove, and removing two depth values with the maximum difference with the A; the remaining groove depth values are weighted and averaged again to yield the tire wear level.
The step 602) of calculating and analyzing the data specifically includes the following steps:
6021) storing original data scanned by the inspection device into the data _ list; the data _ list is an integer array and is used for storing original data, so that the data _ list can be called as an original data set;
6022) recording the length data _ list _ size of the original data; the data _ list _ size is an integer number, where size may be represented as the number of data in the original data set, and size = n +1 in this embodiment;
6023) traversing the original data set data _ list, and dividing the original data set data _ list into size arrays; each array is represented in the form:
key：value
wherein the key is the id number of each array, and the value is the characteristic of each array, wherein the definition is as follows:
value = [ slope value k of data in each array, raw data in each array ]
All the arrays are converted to obtain a dictionary data _ fact, and in the embodiment, the dictionary data _ fact is expressed as:
0 ：[ k0 , [ data_list[0]… data_list[once_count_size-1] ] ]
1 ：[ k1 , [ data_list[1]… data_list[once_count_size] ] ]
.............
data_list-once_count_size-1：[ kn , [ data_list[-100]…data_list[-1] ] ]
the k0 and k1 … kn represent the slope value k corresponding to the data in each array, and are the characteristic values corresponding to each group of data; the data _ list [ N ], N are natural numbers and represent the N +1 th data of the positive number in the original data set; the data _ list [ -N ], wherein N is a natural number and represents the Nth data of the last number in the original data set; the once _ count _ size is an integer number, represents the length of original data in each array, and selects an appropriate once _ count _ size, so that the algorithm can be accelerated, the data processing amount can be reduced, and the data validity can be ensured.
6024) Screening out data groups with the slope value k larger than or equal to a set value in the data _ fact, and forming the screened data groups into a slope _ over _ threshold _ list; classifying and combining the data in the slope _ over _ threshold _ list, wherein the arrays are continuously or closely divided into one group, and the structures in the slope _ over _ threshold _ list are changed into [ [ list _ a _1], [ list _ a _2], [ list _ a _3]. the.. the. ]; screening out data with the slope value k smaller than a certain set value in the data _ fact, and forming the screened data into a slope _ under _ threshold _ list; classifying and combining the numbers in the slope _ under _ threshold _ list, wherein the arrays are continuously or closely divided into one group, and the structures in the slope _ under _ threshold _ list become [ [ list _ b _1], [ list _ b _2], [ list _ b _3]. the. ]; the slope _ over _ threshold _ list and the slope _ under _ threshold _ list represent composite arrays screened out by a rule.
6025) Clustering and merging the structure in the slope _ over _ threshold _ list and the structure in the slope _ under _ threshold _ list to obtain:
groove_list=[ [list_a_1] , [list_a_2+list_b_1] , [list_a_3+list_b_2]....]，
the groove _ list is a composite array; the sub-items which can be merged in the clustering merging need to satisfy the following formula (1) and are the minimum values in all combinations;
| max (list _ b _ q) + once _ count _ size-min (list _ a _ p) | < = once _ count _ size equation (1)
In the formula: list _ a _ p is a structure in a slope _ over _ threshold _ list, and list _ b _ q is a structure in a slope _ under _ threshold _ list;
calculating the number of sub lists in the groove _ list to be the number of the tire grooves;
6026) and taking out the maximum value and the minimum value of each sub-list of the groove _ list, wherein the values are the highest point and the lowest point of each groove, and finally obtaining the scanning effect graph shown in fig. 13. The highest point (x1, y1) and the lowest point (x2, y2) of the mth trench in the present embodiment can be obtained by the following equations:
y1 = max(buf_list ) , y2 = min(buf_list )，
p1 = buf_list.index(y1) , p2 = buf_list.index(y2)，
x1 = p1 % once_count_size + groove_list[m][p1 / once_count_size]
x2 = p2 % once_count_size + groove_list[m][p2 / once_count_size]
wherein groovejlist [ m ] represents the mth sub-list; buf _ list is a value obtained by splicing all data in the mth sub-list grove _ list [ m ] and corresponding original data in the data _ list; index () represents an index function.
As shown in fig. 1-3, the inspection device comprises a handle 1, an inspection body 2 and a flower depth measuring component 3, wherein the two ends of the inspection body 2 are respectively connected with the handle 1 and the flower depth measuring component 3. The inspection body 2 and the flower depth measuring component 3 are hinged by a rotating shaft 5; the whole U-shaped that is of flower depth measuring subassembly 3, body 2 is patrolled and examined in the sunken department setting of flower depth measuring subassembly 3, and the one end or both ends of flower depth measuring subassembly all set up magnetic bead 4, and the position department of patrolling and examining the magnetic bead 4 correspondence on body 2 and the flower depth measuring subassembly sets up magnetic bead 4 that can adsorb each other with it equally. Thereby realize, when needs use, the user holds handle 1, arranges flower depth measuring component 3 in the tire that needs detected on, and flower depth measuring component 3 will lead to flower depth measuring component 3 to rotate around pivot 5 because of the pressure that the user applyed and the weight of flower depth measuring component 3 self this moment, and then makes the flower depth measuring component 3 laminating tire pattern face. After the detection, as long as will patrol and examine device and tire separation to the dark measuring unit's of flower 3 one end of measuring unit weight pendulum downwards, owing to the dark measuring unit's of flower dead weight and patrol and examine the magnetic force that produces between the magnetic bead 4 that set up respectively on body and the dark measuring unit of flower this moment, make the dark measuring unit 3 of flower produce and rotate, realize resetting.
One end of the inspection body 2 close to the handle 1 is provided with a charging port 6 and an interface plug-in 7, so that the supply of various power sources and various external transmission modes of information are realized, and the various external transmission modes of the information comprise USB transmission, type-c transmission and the like. Specifically, the flower depth measuring component 3 comprises a flower depth measuring sensor, one side of the flower depth measuring component 3, which is close to the rotating shaft 5, is provided with a connecting terminal, and the connecting terminal is communicated with the flower depth measuring sensor; set up MCU in patrolling and examining body 2, and MCU passes through pivot 5 and connecting terminal UNICOM, realizes MCU and flower depth measuring sensor's UNICOM. The connection between the rotating shaft 5 and the connecting terminal can be achieved through insertion, or a connecting wire is directly arranged, or the contact type contact is communicated. If the contact type contact is adopted for communication, one side of the contact type contact can adopt the strip-shaped contact to increase the communication contact length, so that the communication and the rotation of the flower depth measuring assembly 3 are facilitated.
As shown in fig. 4-10, the inspection body 2 includes a central processing module, an interface module, a buzzer, a current detection module, a voltage detection module, and a power module, wherein the central processing module is electrically connected to the interface module, the buzzer, the current detection module, the voltage detection module, and the power module. The interface module comprises a CAN module, a Bluetooth module, a USB module, a 485 serial port communication module and a 433 wireless module, and the inspection body 2 is high in information transmission compatibility; wherein, each module of the central processing module, the buzzer and the interface module adopts the conventional design. The power module realizes multi-voltage output and charging, ensures sufficient power of the equipment and is convenient for replacing a corresponding power supply. The current detection module and the voltage detection module fully guarantee safe operation of equipment, and can quickly find problems and perform corresponding treatment when problems exist. Naturally, a card reader such as 125K may be included to facilitate portable storage of the device, with the circuitry being designed conventionally.
As shown in fig. 4, the current detection module includes a current sense amplifier U5, a current sense amplifier U8, a resistor R11, a resistor R12, a resistor R13, a resistor R14, a capacitor C4, a capacitor C9, a capacitor C10, and a capacitor C13; the resistor R11 is connected between the No. 1 pin and the No. 3 pin of the current sensing amplifier U5, one end of the resistor R11 is connected with the power supply module, and the other end is connected with the USB module in the interface module. The pin No. 2 of the current sensing amplifier U5 is grounded, and the pin No. 5 of the current sensing amplifier U5 is connected with one end of a capacitor C4 and is connected with an interface module and a buzzer; the other terminal of the capacitor C4 is connected to ground. Pin 4 of the current sense amplifier U5 is connected to one end of the resistor R12, one end of the resistor R13, and pin 1 of the current sense amplifier U8. The other end of the resistor R12 is connected with one end of the capacitor C9 and is connected with the central processing module; the other terminal of the capacitor C9 is connected to ground.
As shown in fig. 5 to 7, the voltage detection module includes a 9V voltage detection circuit, a 3.3V voltage detection circuit, and a charging voltage detection circuit.
As shown in fig. 5, the charging voltage detection circuit includes a resistor R19, a resistor R23, a resistor R24, a resistor R27, and a capacitor C19; one end of a resistor R19 is connected with the USB module of the interface module, the other end of a resistor R19 is connected with one end of a resistor R23 and one end of a resistor R27, the other end of the resistor R27 is grounded, the other end of a resistor R23 is connected with one end of a resistor R24 and one end of a capacitor C19, the other end of the capacitor C19 is grounded, and the other end of a resistor R24 is connected with the central processing module.
As shown in fig. 6, the 9V voltage detection circuit includes a resistor R17, a resistor R20, a resistor R28, and a capacitor C17, wherein one end of the resistor R17 is connected to the USB module of the interface module, the other end of the resistor R17 is connected to one end of a resistor R28 and one end of a resistor R20, the other end of the resistor R28 is grounded, the other end of the resistor R20 is connected to one end of the capacitor C17, the one end of the capacitor is connected to the central processing module, and the other end of the capacitor C17 is grounded.
As shown in fig. 7, the 3.3V voltage detection circuit includes a component Q3, a resistor R37, a resistor R38, a resistor R39, a resistor R40, and a resistor R41, wherein one end of the component Q3 is connected to the power module, the other end of the component Q3 is connected to one end of the resistor R37 and one end of the resistor R38, the other end of the resistor R37 is connected to one end of the component Q3, and the other end of the resistor R38 is connected to the central processing module; the remaining end of the component Q3 is connected to one end of the resistor R39, the other end of the resistor R39 is connected to one end of the resistor R40 and one end of the resistor R41, the other end of the resistor R40 is connected to the central processing module, and the other end of the resistor R41 is grounded.
As shown in fig. 8-10, the power module includes a charging module, a 9V voltage module, and a 3.3V voltage module.
As shown in fig. 8, the charging module includes an interface chip J4, a resistor R30, a resistor R31, a capacitor C27, a diode D5, a diode D6, a chip U12, a resistor R35, a capacitor C30, and a power supply BAT1, where pin No. 1 and pin No. 6 of the interface chip are grounded, and pin No. 21 and pin No. 5 of the interface chip are connected to one end of the resistor R30 and one end of the resistor R31; the other end of the resistor R31 is connected with one end of the capacitor C27, and the other end of the capacitor C27 is grounded; the other end of the resistor R30 is connected with the anode of the diode D5 and the anode of the diode D6, and the cathode of the diode D5 and the cathode of the diode D6 are respectively connected with the No. 6 pin and the No. 7 pin of the chip U12; pin No. 4 and pin No. 8 of the chip U12 are connected together to one end of the resistor R30. Pin 5 of the chip U12 is connected to one end of a capacitor C30 and one end of a power supply BAT1, the other end of the capacitor C30 and the other end of the power supply BAT1 are grounded together with one end of a resistor R35 and pin 3 of the chip U12, and the other end of the resistor R35 is connected to pin 2 of the chip U12.
As shown in fig. 9, the 9V voltage module includes a chip U10, a resistor R29, a resistor R32, an inductor L1, a capacitor C25, a capacitor C26, a resistor R34, a resistor R36, a capacitor C31, a capacitor C32, a diode D7, a diode D8, and a fuse F1; pin 4 of the chip U10 is connected with one end of a resistor R29, the other end of the resistor R29 is connected with the central processing module, pin 6 of the chip U10 is connected with a resistor R32, and the other end of the resistor R32 is grounded together with pin 2 of the chip U10; an inductor L1 is connected between the No. 1 pin and the No. 5 pin of the chip U10, and one end of the inductor L1 is connected with one end of a capacitor C25 and one end of a capacitor C26 and the charging voltage detection circuit; the other end of the inductor L1 is connected with the anode of the diode D7, the cathode of the diode D7 is connected with one end of the resistor R34, one end of the capacitor C31, one end of the capacitor C32 and the anode of the diode D8, the pin No. 3 of the chip U10 is connected with the other end of the resistor R34 and one end of the resistor R36, and the other end of the resistor R36, the other end of the capacitor C31 and the other end of the capacitor C32 are grounded together. The negative electrode of the diode D8 is connected to one end of the fuse F1, and the other end of the fuse F1 is connected to the 9V voltage detection circuit.
As shown in fig. 10, the 3.3V voltage module includes a chip U11, a diode D9, a capacitor C28, a capacitor C29, a resistor R33, a capacitor C33, and a polar capacitor C34; pin 1 of the chip U11 is connected with the cathode of the diode D9, one end of the capacitor C28 and one end of the capacitor C29, the anode of the diode D9 is connected with the charging voltage detection circuit, and the other end of the capacitor C28 and the other end of the capacitor C29 are grounded together with pin 2 of the chip U11; a No. 3 pin of the chip U11 is connected with one end of a resistor R33, and the other end of the resistor R33 is connected with the central processing module; a No. 5 pin of the chip U11 is connected with one end of the capacitor C33 and the anode of the polar capacitor C34, and the end is used as 3.3V voltage output; the other end of the capacitor C33 and the negative electrode of the polar capacitor C34 are connected to ground together.
The one side that flower depth measuring subassembly 3 is used for detecting can be provided with the line that suits with the tire decorative pattern, guarantees the laminating on flower depth measuring subassembly 3 and tire surface, improves and detects the precision. The flower depth measuring component 3 and the inspection body 2 are detachably connected, so that the flower depth measuring component 3 or the inspection body 2 can be replaced conveniently. The whole rotating shaft 5 is I-shaped and comprises a circular upper end face, a circular lower end face and a middle cylindrical connecting column, and one end face of the rotating shaft 5 is fixedly connected through a detachable buckle structure.
Still be provided with LED lamp and buzzer on patrolling and examining body 2, LED lamp, buzzer are connected with MCU to receive MCU control, wherein MCU control adopts conventional technological means, sends the operating condition that simple instruction controlled LED lamp and buzzer.
The above description is only one specific example of the present invention and should not be construed as limiting the invention in any way. It will be apparent to persons skilled in the relevant art(s) that, having the benefit of this disclosure and its principles, various modifications and changes in form and detail can be made without departing from the principles and structures of the invention, which are, however, encompassed by the appended claims.
Claims (3)
1. A method for calculating tire wear according to tire pattern depth data is characterized by comprising data preprocessing, data calculation and analysis and result secondary processing; the data is the flower depth data of the tire tread; the specific data processing steps are as follows:
101) a data preprocessing step: counting the total amount of data to be processed, and reasonably grouping according to the data capacity; putting the grouped data into an algorithm model, and calculating a characteristic value of each group of data and a threshold value in a characteristic value set;
102) and (3) calculating and analyzing data: filtering out data distributed on the tire grooves according to the characteristic value of each group of data and the extracted threshold value; performing correlation calculation on the filtered data, and classifying the data through a clustering algorithm, wherein the classified data set is the number of the tire grooves and the point distribution; finding out the maximum value and the minimum value from the data on each groove, wherein the difference value of the maximum value and the minimum value is the depth of the current groove;
103) and (5) a result secondary treatment step: taking a weighted average A of all the groove depths according to the data distribution quantity on each groove, and removing two depth values with the maximum difference with the A; taking the weighted average of the depth values of the rest grooves again to obtain a result, namely the tire wear degree;
the step 102) of calculating and analyzing the data comprises the following steps:
1021) storing original data scanned by an inspection device into a data _ list, wherein the data _ list is an integer array and is used for storing the original data, and the data _ list is called an original data set;
1022) recording the length data _ list _ size of original data, wherein the data _ list _ size is an integer number, and the size represents the number of data in an original data set;
1023) traversing the original data set data _ list, and dividing the original data set data _ list into size arrays, wherein each array is represented by the following form:
key：value
wherein the key is the id number of each array, and the value is the characteristic of each array, wherein the definition is as follows:
value = [ slope value k of data in each array, raw data in each array ]
All the arrays are converted to obtain the dictionary data _ dit,
1024) screening out data groups with the slope value k being more than or equal to a set value in the data _ fact, forming the screened data groups into a slope _ over _ threshold _ list, and classifying and combining the data in the slope _ over _ threshold _ list, wherein the data groups are continuously or closely divided into one group; screening out data with the slope value k smaller than a set value in the data _ fact, forming the screened data into a slope _ under _ threshold _ list, and classifying and combining the numbers in the slope _ under _ threshold _ list, wherein the arrays are continuously or closely divided into one group;
1025) clustering and merging a structure in the slope _ over _ threshold _ list and a structure in the slope _ under _ threshold _ list to obtain a groove _ list;
calculating the number of sub lists in the groove _ list to be the number of the tire grooves;
1026) taking out the maximum value and the minimum value of each sub-list of the groove _ list, wherein the values are the highest point and the lowest point of each groove;
the highest point (x1, y1) and the lowest point (x2, y2) of the mth trench are obtained by the following equation:
y1＝max(buf_list) ,y2＝min(buf_list)，
p1＝buf_list .index(y1) ,p2＝buf_list .index(y2)，
x1＝p1％once_count_size+groove_list[m][p1/once_count_size]
x2＝p2％once_count_size+groove_list[m][p2/once_count_size]
the once _ count _ size is an integer number, represents the length of the original data in each array, and is a set value; groovejlist [ m ] represents the mth sub-list; buf _ list is a value obtained by splicing all data in the mth sub-list grove _ list [ m ] and corresponding original data in the data _ list; index () represents an index function.
2. Method for calculating the wear of a tyre from tyre tread depth data according to claim 1, characterised in that said tyre tread depth data are obtained by means of displacement sensors, in particular by the following steps:
201) the displacement sensor scans a certain section of the tire and collects the flower depth data of the tire tread;
202) the displacement sensor converts the pattern depth data of the tire tread into an electric signal and transmits the electric signal to an upper computer;
203) the upper computer receives the pattern depth data of the tire tread;
step 202) after the displacement sensor converts the pattern depth data of the tire tread into an electric signal, the electric signal is firstly transmitted to an embedded control chip in the inspection body at a high speed; receiving the voltage signal by the embedded control chip, converting the voltage signal into cache data by using an ADC (analog to digital converter), transmitting the cache data to a corresponding cache address at a high speed through a DMA (direct memory access) transmission channel, reading the data in the cache address at a high speed, and transmitting the data to a memory address for processing; finally, transmitting the data to an upper computer;
the process of high-speed data transmission comprises the following steps:
501) the data transmission side calculates the size of data to be transmitted, divides the data into a plurality of groups, and adds a packet head, a packet tail, a packet length, an index ID and a check value to each group of data for packaging; the check value adopts a CRC check code;
502) the data transmission party informs the data receiving party of the size of data to be transmitted and the number of sub-packets, and the data receiving party requests the data transmission party to start transmitting all data after the data receiving party is ready to receive the data;
503) the data transmission party transmits the encapsulated data to a data receiving party in a data flow mode, and informs the data receiving party that the data transmission is finished at the current time after all the packets are transmitted;
504) the data receiver unpacks the received data according to the packet head, the packet tail and the packet length, and records the data packet index ID with different transmission packet lengths and receiving packet lengths;
505) the data receiver traverses the index ID of the unpacked data packet, compares the number of the data packets which should be received by theory, and records the index ID of the lost data packet;
506) the data receiver traverses the unpacked data packet to check the content, compares the calculated check value with the check value in the data packet, and records the index ID of the data packet with different check values;
507) the data receiver sends the data packet index ID in the steps 504), 505) and 506) to the data transmitter, the data transmitter sends a plurality of data packets with errors in the last transmission to the data receiver again, and the data receiver is informed that the data transmission is finished at the current time after all the data packets are transmitted;
508) and repeating the steps 504), 505), 506) and 507) until the data is completely transmitted without errors, and the data receiver extracts the content of the data packet and combines the data packet to obtain the data to be transmitted.
3. A method of calculating tire wear from tire tread depth data as in claim 2, wherein the groove _ list obtained by cluster merging in step 1025) is expressed as:
groove_list=[ [list_a_1] , [list_a_2+list_b_1] , [list_a_3+list_b_2]....]，
the groove _ list is a composite array; [ [ list _ a _1], [ list _ a _2], [ list _ a _3]. the. ] is the structure within the slope _ over _ threshold _ list; [ [ list _ b _1], [ list _ b _2], [ list _ b _3]. the. ] is the structure within slope _ under _ threshold _ list; the slope _ over _ threshold _ list and the slope _ under _ threshold _ list represent composite arrays screened out by rules; the sub-items which can be merged in the clustering merging need to satisfy the following formula (1) and are the minimum values in all combinations;
| max (list _ b _ q) + once _ count _ size-min (list _ a _ p) | < = once _ count _ size equation (1)
In the formula: list _ a _ p is the structure in the slope _ over _ threshold _ list, and list _ b _ q is the structure in the slope _ under _ threshold _ list.
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| JPH0792058A (en) * | 1993-09-20 | 1995-04-07 | Ibiden Co Ltd | Tire groove detecting device |
| CN101796371A (en) * | 2007-09-03 | 2010-08-04 | 皇家飞利浦电子股份有限公司 | Laser sensor based system for status detection of tires |
| CN107941127A (en) * | 2017-11-13 | 2018-04-20 | 上海海洋大学 | A kind of pattern depth intelligent detecting method |
| CN110220473A (en) * | 2019-06-05 | 2019-09-10 | 陈子昂 | Study on tire pattern depth measurement method, device and equipment |
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| US10102616B2 (en) * | 2014-01-28 | 2018-10-16 | Ent. Services Development Corporation Lp | Method and system for surface wear determination |
| US10295333B2 (en) * | 2015-12-30 | 2019-05-21 | Bosch Automotive Service Solutions Inc. | Tire tread depth measurement |
| WO2017152179A1 (en) * | 2016-03-04 | 2017-09-08 | TIREAUDIT.COM, Inc. | Mesh registration system and method for diagnosing tread wear |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH0792058A (en) * | 1993-09-20 | 1995-04-07 | Ibiden Co Ltd | Tire groove detecting device |
| CN101796371A (en) * | 2007-09-03 | 2010-08-04 | 皇家飞利浦电子股份有限公司 | Laser sensor based system for status detection of tires |
| CN107941127A (en) * | 2017-11-13 | 2018-04-20 | 上海海洋大学 | A kind of pattern depth intelligent detecting method |
| CN110220473A (en) * | 2019-06-05 | 2019-09-10 | 陈子昂 | Study on tire pattern depth measurement method, device and equipment |
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