CN111298311B - Descent control device and escape device - Google Patents

Descent control device and escape device Download PDF

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Publication number
CN111298311B
CN111298311B CN202010129109.0A CN202010129109A CN111298311B CN 111298311 B CN111298311 B CN 111298311B CN 202010129109 A CN202010129109 A CN 202010129109A CN 111298311 B CN111298311 B CN 111298311B
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winding
wheel
control device
descent control
rope
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CN202010129109.0A
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CN111298311A (en
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王绍伟
王文平
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Guangzhou Ocean Hydraulic Elements Co ltd
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Individual
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    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A62LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
    • A62BDEVICES, APPARATUS OR METHODS FOR LIFE-SAVING
    • A62B1/00Devices for lowering persons from buildings or the like
    • A62B1/06Devices for lowering persons from buildings or the like by making use of rope-lowering devices
    • A62B1/18Other single parts for rope lowering-devices, e.g. take-up rollers for ropes, devices for shooting ropes
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A62LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
    • A62BDEVICES, APPARATUS OR METHODS FOR LIFE-SAVING
    • A62B1/00Devices for lowering persons from buildings or the like
    • A62B1/06Devices for lowering persons from buildings or the like by making use of rope-lowering devices

Abstract

The invention discloses a descent control device and an escape device, wherein the descent control device comprises a winding device, a damper and a locking device, the winding device comprises a rope, a winding wheel for winding the rope and a volute spiral spring connected with the winding wheel, the damper is connected with the winding wheel, a plurality of teeth distributed along the circumference are arranged on the outer edges of two sides of the winding wheel, and the locking device comprises a lock catch and a first transverse shaft. The rope of the winder is connected with the escape platform, the winding wheel is locked by buckling the lock catch of the locking device with the teeth on the winding wheel, so that the escape platform is fixed, and the escape personnel can perform unlocking operation after standing stably on the escape platform, so that the operation safety of the escape personnel is improved.

Description

Descent control device and escape device
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of escape devices, in particular to a descent control device and an escape device.
Background
At present, high-rise building conflagration is fleed and is mainly relied on indoor stair, nevertheless if the calamity takes place in the building hypomere, receives the influence of dense cigarette, and the personnel of above-mentioned floor are hardly effectively sparse, and the ware slowly falls that flees is fallen to current use outdoor rope, and the ware slowly falls that flees that falls of this kind of rope has following problem: the descending speed is manually controlled by the escape personnel, and the escape personnel are suspended in the air, so that the old, weak and young personnel who are not trained are difficult to finish the operation by themselves in terms of psychology and skill. In order to solve the above problems, an escape platform between floors of a balcony or an escape well can be used, and how to realize stable descent of the escape platform and ensure safety of the evacuees is a problem to be urgently solved by allowing the evacuees to stand on the escape platform and descend through the escape platform.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve at least one of the technical problems in the prior art, and provides a descent control device and an escape device, which can realize the stable descent of an escape platform and ensure the safety of escape personnel.
According to a first aspect of the present invention, there is provided a descent control device, including:
the winding device comprises a rope, a winding wheel and a volute spiral spring, wherein the winding wheel is used for winding the rope, and the volute spiral spring is connected with the winding wheel;
the damper is connected with the winding wheel; and
the locking device comprises a lock catch and a first transverse shaft, wherein the first transverse shaft is arranged on the outer side of the circumference of the winding wheel, the lock catch is rotatably connected with the first transverse shaft, and the lock catch can be locked with or separated from the teeth in a rotating mode.
According to the descent control device provided by the embodiment of the first aspect of the invention, the damper comprises a shell, a damping wheel and a damping output shaft, the damping wheel is arranged in the shell, the damping output shaft is fixedly connected with the damping wheel, a sealed cavity is arranged between the damping wheel and the shell, and viscous oil is filled in the cavity.
According to the descent control device provided by the embodiment of the first aspect of the invention, the one-way clutch is arranged between the winding wheel and the damper, when the winding wheel rotates along the direction of releasing the rope, the winding wheel and the damper are in power connection through the one-way clutch, and when the winding wheel rotates along the direction of winding the rope, the one-way clutch stops transmission.
According to the descent control device provided by the embodiment of the first aspect of the invention, the locking device further comprises a second transverse shaft and an unlocking compression bar, the second transverse shaft is parallel to the first transverse shaft, the unlocking compression bar is rotatably connected with the second transverse shaft, one end of the unlocking compression bar is movably connected with one end of the lock catch, and an elastic part is connected between the unlocking compression bar and the lock catch.
According to the descent control device provided by the embodiment of the first aspect of the invention, the unlocking pressure rod is provided with a sliding groove at one end close to the lock catch and at one end close to the unlocking pressure rod, and a connecting pin penetrates through the sliding groove.
According to the descent control device provided by the embodiment of the first aspect of the invention, the first cross shaft is provided with the winding positioning wheel, the winding positioning wheel is provided with a notch for clamping a rope, the first cross shaft is provided with external threads distributed along the axial direction, and the winding positioning wheel is provided with a threaded hole matched with the external threads.
According to the descent control device provided by the embodiment of the first aspect of the invention, the wire winding wheel rotates for one turn, and the winding positioning wheel moves transversely by the same distance as the diameter of the rope.
According to the descent control device provided by the embodiment of the first aspect of the invention, the lock catch is provided with the first protrusion, the side surface of the winding positioning wheel is provided with the second protrusion, the winding positioning wheel moves along the first transverse shaft, and when the second protrusion meets the first protrusion, the second protrusion contacts with the first protrusion to lock the lock catch on the teeth of the winding wheel.
Has the advantages that: this ware slowly falls, the platform of fleing is connected to the rope of winder, the hasp through locking device locks the reel with the tooth lock on the reel, thereby realize the fixed of the platform of fleing, the personnel of fleing can stand stable back on the platform of fleing, the unblock operation is carried out again, improve personnel's of fleing operation security, the personnel of fleing stir the hasp and make its and the tooth on the reel break away from, the reel unblock, under the damping force effect of attenuator, the reel slowly releases the rope, guarantee to flee the platform steady decline, thereby guarantee personnel of fleing's safety, meanwhile power is stored to volute spiral spring, after the personnel of fleing walks down the platform of fleing, volute spiral spring provides the coiling power, drive reel rolling rope, realize passive rolling, the platform of fleing rises and resets, repeatedly usable.
According to a second aspect of the invention, the escape device comprises the descent control device and an escape platform capable of ascending and descending, wherein the descent control device is fixedly arranged, and a rope of the descent control device is connected with the escape platform.
Has the advantages that: the descent control device is used as a core component of the escape device and is connected with the escape platform through the descent control device, so that the stable descent of the escape platform and the safety of escape personnel can be ensured.
According to a third aspect of the invention, the escape device comprises the descent control device and an escape platform capable of ascending and descending, the descent control device is fixed on the escape platform and ascends and descends along with the escape platform, and a rope of the descent control device is fixedly connected to a floor.
Has the advantages that: the descent control device can be arranged on the escape platform, and the rope is connected to the floor, so that the stable descent of the escape platform can be realized, and the safety of the escape personnel can be ensured.
Drawings
The invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings in which:
fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of an escape apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of an external structure of a descent control device according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of an internal structure of a descent control device according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic structural view of the locking device of the embodiment of the present invention in a locked state;
FIG. 5 is a schematic structural view of a locking device inside a descent control device according to an embodiment of the present invention;
reference numerals: the slow descending device 100, the escape platform 200, the handrail 201, the balcony 300, the house wall 400, the guide post 500, the winding device 40, the damper 50, the locking device 60, the one-way clutch 70, the volute spring 41, the transmission shaft 42, the first shell 43, the second shell 44, the stop rod 45, the shell 51, the damping wheel 52, the damping output shaft 53, the latch 18, the locking plate 181, the side plate 182, the chute 26, the unlocking compression bar 19, the connecting shaft 20, the second transverse shaft 21, the first transverse shaft 22, the winding positioning wheel 23, the first protrusion 24, the winding wheel 25, the teeth 251, the elastic member 27, the connecting pin 28 and the rope 30.
Detailed Description
Reference will now be made in detail to the present preferred embodiments of the present invention, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein like reference numerals refer to like elements throughout.
In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the orientation or positional relationship referred to in the description of the orientation, such as the upper, lower, front, rear, left, right, etc., is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and is only for convenience of description and simplification of description, and does not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present invention.
In the description of the present invention, the meaning of a plurality of means is one or more, the meaning of a plurality of means is two or more, and larger, smaller, larger, etc. are understood as excluding the number, and larger, smaller, inner, etc. are understood as including the number. If the first and second are described for the purpose of distinguishing technical features, they are not to be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated or implicitly indicating the precedence of the technical features indicated.
In the description of the present invention, unless otherwise explicitly limited, terms such as arrangement, installation, connection and the like should be understood in a broad sense, and those skilled in the art can reasonably determine the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention in combination with the specific contents of the technical solutions.
Referring to fig. 1, an embodiment of the present invention provides an escape apparatus, including a descent control device 100 and an escape platform 200, where the descent control device 100 is fixedly disposed, and is connected to the escape platform 200 through a rope 30, the escape platform 200 is slidably connected to a guide pillar 500, and can be slidably lifted up and down through the guide pillar 500, the escape platform 200 can be disposed between a balcony 300 and a house wall 400, and a handrail 201 is disposed on the escape platform 200.
Referring to fig. 2 to 5, the descent control device 100 includes a winding device 40, a damper 50 and a locking device 60, wherein the winding device 40 includes a rope 30, a winding wheel 25 for winding the rope 30, and a volute spiral spring 41 connected to the winding wheel 25, the damper 50 is connected to the winding wheel 25, a plurality of teeth 251 (specifically, one-way teeth) distributed along the circumference are disposed on the outer edges of the two sides of the winding wheel 25, the locking device 60 includes a latch 18 and a first horizontal shaft 22, the first horizontal shaft 22 is disposed on the outer side of the circumference of the winding wheel 25, the first horizontal shaft 22 is fixedly disposed, the latch 18 is rotatably connected to the first horizontal shaft 22, and the latch 18 can be engaged with or disengaged from the teeth 251 on the winding wheel 25 by rotation.
In the descent control device 100 of the embodiment, the rope 30 of the winding device 40 is connected with the escape platform 200, the lock catch 18 of the locking device 60 is buckled with the teeth 251 on the winding wheel 25 to lock the winding wheel 25, so as to fix the escape platform 200, the escape person can stand on the escape platform 200 stably and then perform unlocking operation, thereby improving the operation safety of the escape person, the escape person stirs the lock catch 18 to separate from the teeth 251 on the winding wheel 25, the winding wheel 25 is unlocked, the rope 30 is slowly released by the winding wheel 25 under the damping force of the damper 50, so as to ensure the stable descent of the escape platform 200, thereby ensuring the safety of the escape person, meanwhile, the volute spring 41 stores power, after the escape person goes down from the escape platform 200, the volute spring 41 provides a winding force to drive the winding wheel 25 to wind the rope 30, so as to realize passive (power supply) winding, the escape platform 200 ascends and resets, can be repeatedly used.
Specifically, the lock catch 18 includes a lock plate 181 and side plates 182 disposed on two sides of the lock plate 181, and the first horizontal shaft 22 passes through the two side plates 182, and pulls one of the side plates 182 or simultaneously pulls both of the side plates 182 to drive the lock plate 181 to rotate, so that the lock plate 181 is engaged with or disengaged from the teeth 251 of the winding wheel 25, and the lock and unlock of the winding wheel 25 by the lock catch 18 can be achieved.
The winding device 40 further includes a transmission shaft 42, the spiral spring 41 and the winding wheel 25 are driven by the transmission shaft 42, the winding wheel 25 is disposed in the first housing 43, the spiral spring 41 is disposed in the second housing 44, the winding wheel 25 and the transmission shaft 42 are fixedly connected by a key pin, the transmission shaft 42 is provided with a slot, one end of the spiral spring 41 is inserted into the slot, the other end of the spiral spring is fixed on the stop rod 45, and the stop rod 45 is fixedly disposed in the second housing 44.
Referring to fig. 3, in some embodiments, the damper 50 includes a housing 51, a damping wheel 52 and a damping output shaft 53, the damping wheel 52 is disposed in the housing 51, the damping output shaft 53 is fixedly connected to the damping wheel 52, a sealed cavity is disposed between the damping wheel 52 and the housing 51, and viscous oil is filled in the cavity. When the rope 30 is released by the winding wheel 25 to rotate, the damping output shaft 53 is driven to rotate, the damping wheel 52 rotates along with the damping output shaft 53, the damping wheel 52 and the shell 51 move relatively, viscous oil in the cavity is stretched to generate torque, and the torque is transmitted out through the damping output shaft 53 to form torque for slowing down the rotation of the winding wheel 25, so that the escape platform 200 stably and slowly descends.
In this embodiment, a one-way clutch 70 is disposed between the winding reel 25 and the damper 50, the winding reel 25 is connected to the damper output shaft 53 through the one-way clutch 70, the one-way clutch 70 is capable of performing one-way transmission, when the winding reel 25 rotates in a direction of releasing the rope 30 (i.e., the escape platform 200 descends), the winding reel 25 is in power connection with the damper output shaft 53 through the one-way clutch 70, when the winding reel 25 rotates in a direction of winding the rope 30 (i.e., the escape platform 200 ascends), the one-way clutch 70 stops transmission, the damper 50 does not operate, and the damping force of the damper 50 is prevented from hindering the winding of the winding reel 25.
The damper 50 is matched with the one-way clutch 70, the volute spring 41 and the winding wheel 25, so that the rope 30 is released and automatically wound, and the escape platform 200 can stably descend, reset and be repeatedly used.
Referring to fig. 4, in the present embodiment, the locking device 60 further includes a second transverse shaft 21 and an unlocking pressing rod 19, the second transverse shaft 21 is disposed parallel to the first transverse shaft 22, the unlocking pressing rod 19 is rotatably connected to the second transverse shaft 21, one end of the unlocking pressing rod 19 is movably connected to one end of the latch 18, and an elastic member 27 is connected between the unlocking pressing rod 19 and the latch 18, specifically, the elastic member 27 may be a tension spring. When the escape platform 200 is not lowered, the escape platform is fixed, that is, the winding wheel 25 is in a locked state, so as to ensure that the evacuee can stably stand on the escape platform 200. The elastic member 27 acts between the unlocking pressure lever 19 and the latch 18, and under the action of the pulling force of the elastic member 27, the latch 18 is tensioned, so that the latch 18 is tightly buckled on the teeth 251 of the winding wheel 25, the winding wheel 25 is prevented from rotating, as shown in fig. 4, a stable triangular structure is formed among the elastic member 27, the latch 18 and the unlocking pressure lever 19, the latch 18 is stably clamped into the tooth space, and the latch 18 is effectively prevented from disengaging from the teeth when external force acts instantaneously.
One end of the unlocking pressing rod 19 is movably connected with one end of the latch 18, specifically, a sliding groove 26 is formed in one end of the unlocking pressing rod 19 close to the latch 18 and one end of the latch 18 close to the unlocking pressing rod 19 (namely, the top end of the side plate 182), a connecting pin 28 is arranged through the sliding groove 26, the connecting pin 28 can slide along the sliding groove 26, and the limiting is realized through the sliding groove 26 and the connecting pin 28. Two unlocking pressure levers 19 are correspondingly connected with the two side plates 182 of the lock catch 18, a connecting shaft 20 is connected between the two unlocking pressure levers 19, and the connecting shaft 20 and the two unlocking pressure levers 19 form an unlocking control lever, so that the operation is convenient. The escape person stands on the escape platform 200, steps on or downwards shifts the connecting shaft 20 to drive the unlocking pressing rod 19 to rotate around the second transverse shaft 21, so that the connecting end of the unlocking pressing rod 19 and the lock catch 18 is reversely tilted, the lock catch 18 is further driven to rotate around the first transverse shaft 22, the lock catch 18 is separated from the teeth 251 on the winding wheel 25, the lock of the lock catch 18 on the winding wheel 25 is released, and under the action of gravity, the escape person and the escape platform 200 descend to drive the winding wheel 25 to release the rope 30. Meanwhile, as the connecting end of the unlocking compression bar 19 and the lock catch 18 is reversely tilted, under the action of the elastic piece 27, a triangular structure opposite to the locking state of the lock catch 18 is formed among the elastic piece 27, the lock catch 18 and the unlocking compression bar 19, so that the stability of the lock catch 18 in the unlocking state is ensured, the error locking in the descending process of the escape platform 200 is prevented, the descending stability of the escape platform 200 is ensured, and the safety is improved.
It is understood that the movable connection between the latch 18 and the unlocking pressing rod 19 can be realized by only forming the slide groove 26 on the unlocking pressing rod 19 and fixing the connecting pin 28 on the latch 18, or only forming the slide groove 26 on the latch 18 and fixing the connecting pin 28 on the unlocking pressing rod 19.
The locking device 60 structure composed of the latch 18, the unlocking pressure lever 19, the elastic member 27, the first transverse shaft 22 and the second transverse shaft 21 can ensure the stability of the latch 18 in the locking state and the unlocking state, thereby improving the safety of the escape personnel.
In some embodiments, the first transverse shaft 22 is provided with a winding positioning wheel 23, the winding positioning wheel 23 is provided with a notch for clamping the rope 30, the first transverse shaft 22 is provided with external threads distributed along the axial direction, and the winding positioning wheel 23 is provided with a threaded hole matched with the external threads. After the slow descending action is completed, the winding wheel 25 winds the rope 30 under the action of the volute spiral spring 41, the rope 30 positions the position of the rope 30 through the winding positioning wheel 23, the rope 30 drives the winding positioning wheel 23 to rotate, the winding positioning wheel 23 is in threaded transmission with the first transverse shaft 22, therefore, the winding positioning wheel 23 can transversely move along the first transverse shaft 22, and the rope 30 is driven to transversely move for a pitch distance every time the winding positioning wheel rotates for one circle, so that the rope 30 is uniformly wound on the winding wheel 25. Similarly, the ropes 30 can be uniformly released in the descending process of the platform, so that the phenomenon that the descending stability of the escape platform 200 is influenced due to unstable releasing speed caused by overlapping of the ropes 30 is avoided. The thread pitch of the external thread on the first transverse shaft 22 is determined according to the diameter ratio between the winding wheel 25 and the winding positioning wheel 23, so that the winding wheel 25 rotates once, the winding positioning wheel 23 moves transversely by the same distance as the diameter of the rope 30, and the total length of the external thread is not less than the width of the winding wheel 25.
Further, the latch 18 is provided with a first protrusion 24, the first protrusion 24 is disposed on the side plate 182 and extends inward, the side surface of the winding positioning wheel 23 is provided with a second protrusion, the winding wheel 25 winds the rope 30, the winding positioning wheel 23 moves along the first transverse axis 22, when the second protrusion intersects with the first protrusion 24, the second protrusion contacts with the first protrusion 24 to drive the latch 18 to rotate around the first transverse axis 22, the latch 18 is buckled on the teeth 251 of the winding wheel 25, so that the locking device 60 is in a locking state again, at this time, the connecting end of the latch 18 and the unlocking pressure lever 19 tilts reversely again, and under the action of the elastic member 27, a stable triangular structure is formed among the elastic member 27, the latch 18 and the unlocking pressure lever 19, so that the stability of locking is ensured, and the slow-lowering device 100 is reset. The automatic locking and resetting of the lock catch 18 are realized through the arrangement of the first projection 24 and the second projection.
As another embodiment of the present invention, the descent control device 100 may be fixed to the escape platform 200, and the rope 30 of the descent control device 100 may be fixedly connected to the floor as the escape platform 200 ascends and descends, so that the escape platform 200 may descend smoothly.
The descent control device 100, the damper 50 and the spiral spring 41 of the embodiment provide a damping moment required by the slow descent of the escape platform 200, when the escape platform 200 ascends, the damper 50 is separated from the winding wheel 25 and is lifted and reset by the restoring force of the spiral spring 41, so that the descent control device can be repeatedly used, does not need external energy sources, and is suitable for being used under the condition of power failure in disaster sites. In addition, through the locking device 60, the whole process from the upper platform to the platform leaving of the escape personnel is safe and stable, the safety is high, the operation is simple, the unlocking pressure rod 19 and the connecting shaft 20 are only needed to be treaded, the skill is low, the escape personnel can descend layer by layer in short distance, and the device is suitable for escape of all personnel including old, weak and young people who are not trained professionally. The escape device consisting of the descent control device 100 and the escape platform 200 is convenient to install, and can be installed and used only by arranging a square hole on the balcony 300 or the escape shaft and matching the handrail 201 and the guide post 500.
The embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, but the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and various changes can be made within the knowledge of those skilled in the art without departing from the gist of the present invention.

Claims (7)

1. A descent control device, comprising:
the winding device comprises a rope, a winding wheel and a volute spiral spring, wherein the winding wheel is used for winding the rope, and the volute spiral spring is connected with the winding wheel;
the damper is connected with the winding wheel; and
the locking device comprises a lock catch and a first transverse shaft, wherein the first transverse shaft is arranged on the outer side of the circumference of the winding wheel, the lock catch is rotationally connected with the first transverse shaft, and the lock catch can be locked with or separated from the teeth in a rotating mode;
the locking device further comprises a second transverse shaft and an unlocking pressing rod, the second transverse shaft is parallel to the first transverse shaft, the unlocking pressing rod is rotatably connected with the second transverse shaft, one end of the unlocking pressing rod is movably connected with one end of the lock catch, and an elastic part is connected between the unlocking pressing rod and the lock catch;
the first cross shaft is provided with a winding positioning wheel, the winding positioning wheel is provided with a notch for clamping a rope, the first cross shaft is provided with external threads distributed along the axial direction, and the winding positioning wheel is provided with a threaded hole matched with the external threads;
the winding positioning wheel is arranged on the winding reel, the winding positioning wheel is arranged on the side face of the winding positioning wheel, the winding positioning wheel moves along the first cross shaft, and when the second protrusion is crossed with the first protrusion, the second protrusion is contacted with the first protrusion, so that the lock catch is buckled on the teeth of the winding reel.
2. The descent control device of claim 1, wherein: the damper comprises a shell, a damping wheel and a damping output shaft, wherein the damping wheel is arranged in the shell, the damping output shaft is fixedly connected with the damping wheel, a sealed cavity is arranged between the damping wheel and the shell, and viscous oil is filled in the cavity.
3. A descent control device as claimed in claim 1 or 2, wherein: the rope winding device is characterized in that a one-way clutch is arranged between the winding wheel and the damper, when the winding wheel rotates along the direction of releasing the rope, the winding wheel is in power connection with the damper through the one-way clutch, and when the winding wheel rotates along the direction of winding the rope, the one-way clutch stops transmission.
4. The descent control device of claim 1, wherein: the unlocking device is characterized in that a sliding groove is formed in one end, close to the lock catch, of the unlocking pressing rod and one end, close to the unlocking pressing rod, of the lock catch, and a connecting pin penetrates through the sliding groove.
5. The descent control device of claim 1, wherein: the winding wheel rotates for one circle, and the winding positioning wheel moves transversely for the distance same as the diameter of the rope.
6. An escape device, characterized in that: the descent control device comprises the descent control device and an escape platform capable of ascending and descending vertically, wherein the descent control device is fixedly arranged, and a rope of the descent control device is connected with the escape platform.
7. An escape device, characterized in that: the descent control device comprises the descent control device and an escape platform capable of ascending and descending vertically, wherein the descent control device is fixed on the escape platform and ascends and descends along with the escape platform, and a rope of the descent control device is fixedly connected to a floor.
CN202010129109.0A 2020-02-28 2020-02-28 Descent control device and escape device Active CN111298311B (en)

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CN114558254A (en) * 2022-03-24 2022-05-31 徐州工程学院 High-altitude fire-fighting emergency rescue equipment

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CN209575546U (en) * 2018-11-09 2019-11-05 姜国宁 A kind of escape system and building

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