CN111297601B

CN111297601B - Mechanical device for assisting old people in getting up and lying down

Info

Publication number: CN111297601B
Application number: CN202010203781.XA
Authority: CN
Inventors: 陈子明; 闫家辉; 李智; 黄子豪; 李嘉男; 朱晓雅; 许萌
Original assignee: Yanshan University
Current assignee: Yanshan University
Priority date: 2020-03-20
Filing date: 2020-03-20
Publication date: 2020-12-11
Anticipated expiration: 2040-03-20
Also published as: CN111297601A

Abstract

The invention provides a mechanical device for assisting the old in getting up and sleeping, which comprises a bedstead, a driving mechanism, a transmission mechanism, a leg plate one-way locking mechanism and a support rod resetting mechanism, wherein the bedstead comprises a vertical plate, a floor, a bottom plate, a bed seat and a steering bearing; the floor is connected with the riser, constitutes bed body connecting portion after the second end connection of bottom plate and riser, and outside bed body can be connected to bed body connecting portion. The driving mechanism is a power source of the device, a worm gear and worm structure is adopted, the worm steering is controlled by controlling the motor steering, and the whole process of steering, standing up and lying down of the bed body is realized; the transmission mechanism adopts a four-bar mechanism; the leg plate unidirectional locking mechanism is locked by using a single bearing, a cam, a gear and a rack to be meshed, and the rack moves under the action of a motor to enable the hook to be hooked and loosened; the supporting rod resetting mechanism enables the seat board to be always kept in a horizontal state in the process of extending and lifting, and the seat board is dragged to lift people.

Description

Mechanical device for assisting old people in getting up and lying down

Technical Field

The invention relates to the field of manufacturing and application of medical instruments, in particular to a mechanical device for assisting the old in getting up and lying.

Background

The aging of the population of the current society is serious, and the increase of the old people enables the comfortable feeling and the happiness of the life of the old people to become hot topics. Many old people are in the state of solitary residence to, because old people's health is generally relatively poor, many have the inconvenient problem of action.

In the market, aiming at the old who has inconvenient actions but certain self-care ability, a nursing bed, an auxiliary frame, a shifting machine and the like are invented, but problems exist, for example, the nursing bed is high in price, is universally existed in hospitals, and cannot be popularized and used in large scale at home; the auxiliary frame is low in cost, but the effect is small, and the fundamental problem cannot be solved; the shifting machine is suitable for paralyzed old people, cannot provide auxiliary action for normal and healthy old people, does not have any comfort level, is inapplicable to most of the old people living alone, and cannot be popularized.

Disclosure of Invention

Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the invention provides an auxiliary lifting machine which can assist the old to lift and live.

In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme:

the mechanical device comprises a bedstead, a driving mechanism, a transmission mechanism, a leg plate one-way locking mechanism and a supporting rod resetting mechanism, wherein the bedstead comprises a vertical plate, a floor and a bottom plate; the floor is connected with the vertical plate, the bottom plate is connected with the second end of the vertical plate to form a bed body connecting part, the bed body connecting part can be connected with an external bed body, a connecting plate which is rotatably connected with the second end of the vertical plate is arranged on the bottom plate, a steering bearing is arranged on the connecting plate, and a bed seat is fixedly installed on the steering bearing;

the driving mechanism comprises a sliding rail, a worm supporting frame, a worm, a sliding block, a spline sleeve, a spline sleeve, a coupling, a worm wheel, a motor base and a worm sleeve; the bed comprises a bed seat, a bed slide; the worm wheel is arranged between the two worms, one end of each worm, which is close to the worm support frame connected with the sliding block, is connected with a worm gear, and the worm gear is arranged on the outer side of the worm support frame; the spline is rotationally connected with the bed frame, the first end of each spline is fixedly connected with a spline sleeve, each spline sleeve is connected with the output shaft of the motor through a coupling, and the motor is fixed on the bed base by means of a motor mounting seat; the spline is meshed with the worm gear to drive the worm to move linearly so as to drive the sliding block on the worm support frame to move;

the transmission mechanism is rotatably connected with the bedstead and comprises two back leg rods, two arm rods, two connecting rods, two inclined connecting rods, two supporting arm connecting rods and two back rods; the two back leg rods are rotatably connected with the bedstead through pin shafts, the two back leg rods are respectively rotatably connected with a first end of a connecting rod and a first end of an arm rod, second ends of the two connecting rods are respectively rotatably connected with a back rod, second ends of the two arm rods are respectively rotatably connected with a first end of a supporting arm connecting rod, second ends of the two supporting arm connecting rods are respectively rotatably connected with a back rod, a first locking shaft is arranged between the two back rods, two end parts of the first locking shaft are respectively arranged at the joints of the supporting arm connecting rods and the back rod, a second locking shaft is arranged between the two back leg rods, the two arm rods, the two connecting rods and the two supporting arm connecting rods are rotatably connected to form a parallel four-rod frame, the first end of the inclined connecting rod is rotatably connected with the joints of the back leg rods and the arm rods, the second end of the inclined connecting rod is connected with a slider shaft, and the slider shaft is fixed on the, move with the rotation of the motor;

the leg plate unidirectional locking mechanism is fixedly arranged on a vertical plate of the bed frame and comprises a locking frame, an angle locking frame, a first unidirectional bearing, a locking gear, a hook, a cam, a rack and chute angle aluminum; the lock frame is fixedly arranged on a vertical plate through a corner locking frame, the hook is rotatably arranged on the lock frame by means of a mounting shaft, a first end of the hook is positioned below the first one-way bearing, a second end of the hook is arranged above the second lock shaft, the first one-way bearing is fixed on the lock frame by means of a bearing frame, the lock gear and the cam are arranged on the first one-way bearing, the chute corner aluminum is positioned right above the lock frame and is fixedly arranged on the vertical plate, the rack is slidably arranged at the lower part of the chute corner aluminum and is matched with a notch on the chute corner aluminum, the rack is meshed with the lock gear, and when the rack slides, the rack moves the lock gear and the cam to rotate so that the first end of the hook is pressed downwards to lock and unlock the second lock shaft;

the support rod resetting mechanism is positioned above the bed seat and comprises a seat plate, a fixed bearing seat, a seat plate support rod, a push rod, a seat plate rack, a seat plate gear, a second one-way bearing and a seat plate cam; the both sides of bedplate are provided with a fixed bearing frame and a bearing frame respectively, fixed bearing frame fixed connection is on the bedplate, the bearing frame with fixed bearing frame rotates and connects, ejector pin slidable mounting is at the intermediate position of bedplate, the bedplate bracing piece with the ejector pin rotates to be connected, the last notch of ejector pin and the last horizontal pole cooperation of bedplate, notch sliding fit on bedplate gear and the bedplate, bedplate gear and bedplate cam rotate with the bedplate through the one-way bearing of second and are connected, and the bedplate bracing piece that the unidirectional rotation promotion and the ejector pin rotation of through bedplate gear and bedplate cam rotates to be connected rotates, can jack-up when the slider slides the bedplate bracing piece.

Preferably, the floor is fixedly installed on an indoor bed bottom or floor.

Preferably, one end of the floor is connected to the first end of the riser by a self-locking hinge.

Preferably, the four side parts of the bed base are sequentially provided with a front plate, a rear plate and two side plates.

Preferably, the connecting plate is connected with the vertical plate through a hinge.

Preferably, a circular mounting hole is formed in the middle of the hook, an arc-shaped side wall is formed in the first end of the hook, the second end of the hook is in a hook shape, the cam is driven to press down the first end of the hook when the rack travels for a half stroke, the second end of the hook locks the second lock shaft at the moment, the cam is driven to continue to press down the first end of the hook when the rack travels for a full stroke, and the second end of the hook is lifted upwards to unlock the second lock shaft at the moment.

Preferably, the motor is connected with a host controller, and the host controller can control the positive and negative rotation of the motor and the working frequency of the motor.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:

1. the invention adopts four-bar linkage in parallel, is driven by a worm gear mechanism, and uses a one-way bearing, a gear rack and other mechanisms to complete the conversion between the motions of each part. The bed frame and main parts of each part adopt aluminum alloy frames, so that the bed frame is light and durable, low in manufacturing cost, simple in frame, convenient to modify and mount a common bed and high in adaptability.

2. The transmission mechanism of the invention utilizes a mechanism to complete two actions of assisting the old to sit and stand by converting the position of the frame with four parallel rods; the driving mechanism only uses two motors, and the steering matching of the two motors and the mechanism matching realize smooth completion of a plurality of actions such as assisting the old to stand up and sit up; the leg plate unidirectional locking mechanism and the support rod resetting mechanism realize locking by utilizing a unidirectional bearing, and the resetting device realizes periodic locking and resetting.

3. The invention has simple structure and low cost of the aluminum alloy frame, reduces the power source by using various mechanisms, ensures the safety of the device by using the unidirectional locking and resetting mechanism, and is suitable for the use of the old at home and the production line production of factories.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the overall structure of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a bed frame according to the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a bed frame according to the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a schematic structural view of the driving mechanism of the present invention;

FIG. 5 is a schematic structural view of the transmission mechanism of the present invention;

FIG. 6 is a schematic structural view of the leg plate one-way locking mechanism of the present invention; and

fig. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of the support rod resetting mechanism of the invention.

Reference numerals: 1-bedstead, 2-driving mechanism, 3-driving mechanism, 4-leg plate one-way locking mechanism, 5-support rod resetting mechanism, 101-vertical plate, 102-floor, 103-hinge, 104-bottom plate, 105-bed base, 106-motor cover, 107-side plate, 108-self-locking hinge, 109-rear plate, 110-steering bearing, 111-front plate, 201-slide rail, 202-worm support frame, 203-worm, 204-slide block, 205-spline housing, 206-spline, 207-spline sleeve, 208-coupler, 209-worm wheel, 210-motor, 211-motor base, 212-worm rod sleeve, 301-back leg rod, 302-arm rod, 303-pin shaft, 304-connecting rod, 305-inclined connecting rod, 306-slide block shaft, 307-bracket arm connecting rod, 308-back rod, 309-first lock shaft, 3091-second lock shaft, 401-lock frame, 402-lock angle frame, 403-first one-way bearing, 404-lock gear, 405-hook, 406-cam, 407-rack, 408-chute angle aluminum, 501-seat plate, 502-fixed bearing seat, 503-bearing seat, 504-seat plate supporting rod, 505-top rod, 506-seat plate rack, 507-seat plate gear, 508-second one-way bearing and 509-seat plate cam.

Detailed Description

Exemplary embodiments, features and aspects of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. In the drawings, like reference numbers can indicate functionally identical or similar elements. While the various aspects of the embodiments are presented in drawings, the drawings are not necessarily drawn to scale unless specifically indicated.

Embodiment as shown in fig. 1 to 7, the present invention provides a mechanical device for assisting the elderly to get up and down, comprising a bed frame 1, a driving mechanism 2, a transmission mechanism 3, a leg board unidirectional locking mechanism 4 and a support bar resetting mechanism 5, wherein the bed frame 1 is the main body of the device and comprises a vertical board 101, a floor 102, hinges 103, a bottom board 104, a bed base 105, a motor cover 106, side boards 107, self-locking hinges 108, a rear board 109, a steering bearing 110 and a front board 111; the floor 102 is fixedly installed on the bottom of an indoor bed or the floor and is connected with the vertical plate 101 through a self-locking hinge 108, the hinge 103 is connected with the vertical plate 101 and the bottom plate 104 to form a part fixedly installed on a common bed body, the hinge 103 is connected with a rotatable connecting plate above the fixed bottom plate 104, a steering bearing 110 is fixedly installed on the connecting plate, the bottom of a bearing seat of the steering bearing 110 is fixed on the upper part of the common bed body, a bed seat 105 is fixedly installed on the steering bearing 110, and a front plate 111, a rear plate 109 and a side plate 107 are sequentially installed on the four sides of. The bed 105 can be connected to the rest of the components. A schematic diagram of the main components of the patent is shown in fig. 1.

The driving mechanism 2 is a power source of the whole device, and comprises a sliding rail 201, a worm support frame 202, a worm 203, a sliding block 204, a spline sleeve 205, a spline 206, a spline sleeve 207, a coupling 208, a worm wheel 209, a motor 210, a motor base 211 and a worm sleeve 212; the two sliding rails 201, the two worms 203, the two splines 206 and the two worm support frames 202 are respectively arranged, the two sliding rails 201, the two worms 203 and the two splines 206 are arranged in parallel, the two sliding rails 201 are fixedly arranged on a bed base, one sliding rail 201 is provided with a sliding block in a sliding way, one worm support frame 202 is fixedly connected with the sliding block, and two ends of the two worms 203 are respectively fixedly arranged on the worm support frame 202 through worm sleeves 212; a worm wheel 209 is arranged between the two worms 203, one end of each worm, which is close to the worm support frame 202 connected with the sliding block, is connected with a worm gear, and the worm gear is arranged on the outer side of the worm support frame 202; the spline is rotationally connected with the bed frame, the first end of each spline is fixedly connected with a spline sleeve, each spline sleeve is connected with an output shaft of the motor through the coupler, and the motor is fixed on the bed base by means of the motor mounting seat; the spline and the worm gear are in meshing transmission, so that the worm moves linearly to drive the sliding block on the worm support frame 202 to move.

The transmission mechanism 3 is rotatably connected with the bedstead, and the transmission mechanism 3 comprises two back leg rods 301, two arm rods 302, two connecting rods 304, two inclined connecting rods 305, two supporting arm connecting rods 307 and two back rods 308; two back leg rods 301 are rotatably connected with a bedstead through a pin shaft 303, the two back leg rods 301 are respectively rotatably connected with a first end of a connecting rod and a first end of an arm rod 302, second ends of the two connecting rods are respectively rotatably connected with a back rod, second ends of the two arm rods 302 are respectively rotatably connected with a first end of a bracket arm connecting rod, second ends of the two bracket arm connecting rods are respectively rotatably connected with a back rod, a first locking shaft 309 is arranged between the two back rods, two end parts of the first locking shaft 309 are respectively arranged at the joint of the bracket arm connecting rod and the back rod, a second locking shaft 3091 is arranged between the two back leg rods 301, the two arm rods 302, the two connecting rods 305 and the two bracket arm connecting rods 307 are rotatably connected into a parallel four-rod rack, a first end of an inclined connecting rod is rotatably connected at the joint of the back leg rods 301 and the arm rods 302, a second end of the inclined connecting rod is connected with a slider shaft 306, the slider shaft 306 is fixed on, moving as the motor rotates.

The leg plate unidirectional locking mechanism 4 is fixedly arranged on a vertical plate of the bed frame, and the leg plate unidirectional locking mechanism 4 comprises a locking frame 401, an angle locking frame 402, a first unidirectional bearing 403, a locking gear 404, a hook 405, a cam 406, a rack 407 and chute angle aluminum 408; the lock frame 401 is fixedly installed on a vertical plate through a corner locking frame 402, a hook 405 is rotatably installed on the lock frame 401 through an installation shaft, a first end of the hook 405 is located below a first one-way bearing 403, a second end of the hook 405 is arranged above a second lock shaft 3091, the first one-way bearing 403 is fixed on the lock frame 401 through a bearing frame, a lock gear 404 and a cam 406 are installed on the first one-way bearing 403, a chute angle aluminum 408 is located right above the lock frame 401 and is fixedly installed on the vertical plate, a rack 407 is slidably installed at the lower portion of the chute angle aluminum 408 and is matched with a notch on the chute angle aluminum 408, the rack 407 is meshed with the lock gear 404, and when the rack 407 slides, the rack 407 drives the lock gear 404 and the cam 406 to rotate so that the first end of the hook 405 is pressed downwards to lock and unlock the second lock shaft 3091.

The support rod resetting mechanism 5 is positioned above the bed seat, and the support rod resetting mechanism 5 comprises a seat plate 501, a fixed bearing seat 502, a bearing seat 503, a seat plate support rod 504, a top rod 505, a seat plate rack 506, a seat plate gear 507, a second one-way bearing 508 and a seat plate cam 509; the both sides of bedplate 501 are provided with a fixed bearing frame 502 and a bearing frame 503 respectively, fixed bearing frame 502 fixed connection is on the bed, bearing frame 503 rotates with fixed bearing frame 502 to be connected, ejector pin 505 slidable mounting is at bedplate 501's intermediate position, bedplate bracing piece 504 rotates with ejector pin 505 to be connected, the last notch of ejector pin 505 and bedplate 501 last horizontal pole cooperation, notch sliding fit on bedplate gear 507 and the bedplate, bedplate gear 507 and bedplate cam 509 rotate with bedplate 501 through second one-way bearing 508 and are connected, the one-way rotation through bedplate gear 507 and bedplate cam 509 promotes the bedplate bracing piece 504 that rotates to be connected with the ejector pin and rotates, can jack-up bedplate bracing piece 504 when slider 204 slides.

The working principle of the present invention is described below:

when the parallel four-bar mechanism is used, firstly, the motor 210 rotates forwards to drive the spline 206 to rotate, the spline sleeve 205 matched with the spline 206 rotates along with the spline sleeve, the upper gear teeth of the worm 203 are meshed with the upper gear teeth of the spline sleeve 205 to drive the worm 203 to rotate, the worm 203 is uniformly distributed on two sides of the worm wheel 209, so that the worm wheel 209 is not moved, the worm 203 moves linearly to drive the sliding block shaft 306 to slide, the parallel four-bar mechanism rotates through the inclined connecting rod 305, the included angle of the parallel four bars is increased, and the form conversion from lying to sitting is realized; during sitting to standing, the two motors 210 are simultaneously rotated in opposite directions, which involves a change of the parallelogram frame, which is initially the seat plate due to the weight of the person, but when the machine is changed to a sitting position, the first lock shaft 309 is locked with the frame, and at this time, the machine is extended to lift the person upwards against the weight of the person, because the second lock shaft 3091 is changed to a frame. The worm and gear mechanism is adopted and matched with the rack and gear, the two stepping motors rotate forward simultaneously through the forward and reverse rotation regulation and control driving part of the motors, and the motors are controlled in a closed loop mode through the single chip microcomputer, so that the worm gears are stressed the same twice and are not rotated, the worm and gear matching is equivalent to screw nut transmission, the worm translates on the sliding rail, and the connecting rod is driven to drive the parallel four rods to move so as to complete the conversion of the angles of the parallel four rods and further realize the conversion among different forms.

When locking, a single shaft is adopted on the lock frame 401 to place a first one-way bearing 403 and a fixed cam 406, the first one-way bearing 403 is provided with a locking gear 404, the locking gear 404 is meshed with a rack 407, when two motors 210 simultaneously rotate the back leg rod 301 forward and put down, the pressing rack 407 is driven to travel half of the travel, and the locking gear 404 is driven to drive the shaft and the cam 406 to rotate the pressing hook 405 to lock the second lock shaft 3091. When the lock is unlocked, the two motors 210 simultaneously rotate in the forward direction, the rack 407 is pressed to travel the other half of the travel, the lock gear 404 is driven to drive the shaft and the cam 406 to rotate, the pressing hook 405 locks the second lock shaft 3091, and the hook 405 is released. In the mechanical stretching and lifting process, the two motors 210 rotate reversely at the same time, the sliding block 204 moves backwards to prop against the seat board supporting rod 504, so that the seat board 501 is lifted, the seat board 501 can be always kept in a horizontal state, and in the stretching and lifting process, the small seat board 501 is always kept in a parallel state to be attached to the buttocks of the old. The two motors rotate reversely at the same time, the sliding block moves backwards to prop against the small seat board to support the angle aluminum, so that the small seat board is lifted, the small seat board can be always kept in a horizontal state, and people are dragged to lift.

Finally, it should be noted that: the above-mentioned embodiments are only used for illustrating the technical solution of the present invention, and not for limiting the same; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may still be modified, or some or all of the technical features may be equivalently replaced; and the modifications or the substitutions do not make the essence of the corresponding technical solutions depart from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. The utility model provides a supplementary old man's mechanical device that crouches which characterized in that: the bed frame comprises a vertical plate, a floor and a bottom plate; the floor is connected with the vertical plate, the bottom plate is connected with the second end of the vertical plate to form a bed body connecting part, the bed body connecting part can be connected with an external bed body, a connecting plate which is rotatably connected with the second end of the vertical plate is arranged on the bottom plate, a steering bearing is arranged on the connecting plate, and a bed seat is fixedly installed on the steering bearing;

2. The mechanism of claim 1 for aiding the elderly in getting up and sleeping, comprising: the floor is fixedly arranged at the bottom of an indoor bed or on the floor.

3. The mechanism for assisting elderly in getting up and sleeping according to claim 2, wherein: one end of the floor is connected with the first end of the vertical plate through a self-locking hinge.

4. The mechanism of claim 1 for aiding the elderly in getting up and sleeping, comprising: the four side parts of the bed seat are sequentially provided with a front plate, a rear plate and two side plates.

5. The mechanism of claim 1 for aiding the elderly in getting up and sleeping, comprising: the connecting plate is connected with the vertical plate through a hinge.

6. The mechanism of claim 1 for aiding the elderly in getting up and sleeping, comprising: the middle position of the hook is provided with a circular mounting hole, the first end of the hook is provided with an arc-shaped side wall, the second end of the hook is in a hook shape, when the rack travels for a half stroke, the cam is driven to press down the first end of the hook, the second end of the hook locks the second lock shaft, when the rack travels for a full stroke, the cam is driven to continue to press down the first end of the hook, and at the moment, the second end of the hook is upwards lifted to unlock the second lock shaft.

7. The mechanism of claim 1 for aiding the elderly in getting up and sleeping, comprising: the motor is connected with an upper controller, and the upper controller can control the positive and negative rotation of the motor and the working frequency of the motor.