CN111297460A - Femoral neck fracture percutaneous operation auxiliary device and using method thereof - Google Patents
Femoral neck fracture percutaneous operation auxiliary device and using method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B17/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets
- A61B17/56—Surgical instruments or methods for treatment of bones or joints; Devices specially adapted therefor
- A61B17/58—Surgical instruments or methods for treatment of bones or joints; Devices specially adapted therefor for osteosynthesis, e.g. bone plates, screws, setting implements or the like
- A61B17/68—Internal fixation devices, including fasteners and spinal fixators, even if a part thereof projects from the skin
- A61B17/74—Devices for the head or neck or trochanter of the femur
- A61B17/742—Devices for the head or neck or trochanter of the femur having one or more longitudinal elements oriented along or parallel to the axis of the neck
- A61B17/748—Devices for the head or neck or trochanter of the femur having one or more longitudinal elements oriented along or parallel to the axis of the neck with means for adapting the angle between the longitudinal elements and the shaft axis of the femur
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B17/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets
- A61B17/56—Surgical instruments or methods for treatment of bones or joints; Devices specially adapted therefor
- A61B17/58—Surgical instruments or methods for treatment of bones or joints; Devices specially adapted therefor for osteosynthesis, e.g. bone plates, screws, setting implements or the like
- A61B17/88—Osteosynthesis instruments; Methods or means for implanting or extracting internal or external fixation devices
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B17/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets
- A61B17/56—Surgical instruments or methods for treatment of bones or joints; Devices specially adapted therefor
- A61B17/58—Surgical instruments or methods for treatment of bones or joints; Devices specially adapted therefor for osteosynthesis, e.g. bone plates, screws, setting implements or the like
- A61B17/88—Osteosynthesis instruments; Methods or means for implanting or extracting internal or external fixation devices
- A61B17/90—Guides therefor
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Abstract
The invention discloses a femoral neck fracture percutaneous surgery auxiliary device which comprises a puncture needle, a first module and a second module, wherein the first module is a straight parallelepiped, a smaller included angle formed by the front surface and the side surface of the first module is 45-55 degrees, a guide channel is arranged on the first module from the center of the front surface along the direction parallel to the side surface and the bottom surface, a plurality of secondary guide channels are also arranged on the first module and are distributed on two sides of the guide channel in a double-number symmetrical mode, an inlet hole of each secondary guide channel on the front surface of the first module and an inlet hole of each guide channel on the front surface of the first module are arranged in a staggered mode, the plurality of secondary guide channels are obliquely arranged relative to the guide channels, and an outlet hole of each secondary guide channel on the back surface of the first module is close to an outlet hole of each guide channel on the back surface of the first module. According to the invention, the puncture needle, the first module and the second module are mutually matched for use, so that the position and the angle of the hollow nail before percutaneous implantation can be conveniently adjusted, and the accuracy and the stability of the hollow nail during percutaneous implantation can be improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of percutaneous surgical instruments for femoral neck fracture, in particular to a percutaneous surgical auxiliary device for femoral neck fracture.
Background
The femoral neck fracture is a common type of hip fracture, the existing main treatment mode is hollow nail internal fixation, three hollow nails need to be accurately implanted to an ideal position in an inverted 'pin' shape, and when the accurate implantation position is required, the angle and the distance of a surgical instrument relative to a path of an operation object in a positive X-ray image and a lateral X-ray image are visually observed, and a doctor manually adjusts the surgical instrument to enable the surgical instrument to coincide with the ideal operation path to complete operation positioning.
Currently, the existing surgical technique is to place a guide pin at a proper position in the femoral neck, and then implant a hollow screw along the guide pin. The mode of inserting the guide needle comprises inserting the guide needle after cutting the femur and directly inserting the guide needle through the skin, increasing the bleeding and trauma of the operation by cutting the insertion, and inserting the guide needle into a proper position by the experience of holding an electric drill by the operator for percutaneous insertion. However, the percutaneous implantation technology needs to simultaneously satisfy the requirement that the needle insertion point, the right position direction and the lateral position direction of the guide needle are all positioned at accurate positions, and the difficulty of the operation is increased due to poor stability caused by holding an electric drill by hand. Therefore, the current percutaneous implantation surgical technique usually needs to repeatedly implant the guide needle and perform fluoroscopy for many times, which causes unstable operation time, increased operation trauma and unsatisfactory screw position.
In the prior patent application with patent number 201910489286.7, a femoral neck hollow nail percutaneous implantation guide plate is disclosed, which is provided with a plurality of inclined guide holes, wherein the central axis of each inclined guide hole forms an obtuse angle of 115 degrees with the vertical line, the front angle of each inclined guide hole is 15 degrees, and the plurality of inclined guide holes can be assembled into different inverted isosceles triangles to be used as nail placement positions. However, this guide plate does not involve accurate positioning of the needle insertion point, and the side position slant guide hole angle (forward inclination angle) is fixed at 15 °, and the side position needle insertion angle cannot be adjusted. The anteversion angle is only the angle of the femoral neck axis relative to the femoral shaft plane, and the included angle between the anteversion angle and the horizontal plane is not fixed due to different placing positions of the lower limbs, so that the fixed angle cannot meet the surgical requirements.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide an operation auxiliary instrument which has a simple structure and can improve the precision of the percutaneous operation of femoral neck fracture aiming at the defects in the background technology.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention discloses a femoral neck fracture percutaneous surgery auxiliary device, which adopts the following technical scheme:
a femoral neck fracture percutaneous surgery auxiliary device, which comprises a puncture needle, a first module and a second module,
the puncture needle comprises an inner core and a sleeve sleeved with the inner core, scales are marked on the sleeve, a handle is arranged on the sleeve, the front end of the inner core is triangular, a clamping joint is arranged at the rear end of the inner core, and the clamping joint is clamped with the handle; compared with the use of a handheld electric drill in the prior art, the use of the puncture needle is more portable, and the selection and the adjustment of an insertion point and an insertion angle are convenient.
The first module is a straight parallelepiped, a smaller included angle formed by the front surface and the side surface of the first module is 45-55 degrees, a guide channel is arranged in the center of the front surface of the first module along the direction parallel to the side surface and the bottom surface, a plurality of secondary guide channels are also arranged on the first module, the plurality of secondary guide channels are distributed on two sides of the guide channel in a double-number symmetrical manner, an inlet hole of each secondary guide channel on the front surface of the first module is staggered with an inlet hole of each guide channel on the front surface of the first module, the plurality of secondary guide channels are obliquely distributed relative to the guide channels, and an outlet hole of each secondary guide channel on the back surface of the first module is close to an outlet hole of each guide channel on the back surface of the first module; the setting of first module for after the positive alignment of ke shi needle or side position are aimed at, carry out the regulation of side position or positive position, make the ke shi needle of punching into realize that positive position side position all aligns at femoral neck fracture part, first module simple structure, angle regulation is comparatively convenient.
The second module is also a straight parallelepiped, a smaller included angle formed by the front surface and the side surface of the second module is 45-55 degrees, a second guide channel is arranged on the second module from the front surface along the direction parallel to the side surface and the bottom surface in an inclined manner, seven second guide channels are further arranged on the second module, the second guide channels are circumferentially and uniformly distributed on the upper side of the second guide channel by taking the second guide channel as the circle center, the included angle of a connecting line between each two adjacent second guide channels is 15 degrees, and the second guide channels are all parallel to the side surface of the second module and are parallel to the bottom surface of the second module. The second module is convenient for fixing the second and third kirschner wires in the operation, so that the hollow nail can be conveniently implanted, and the structure is simple and the operation is convenient.
Specifically, the handle cup joints the sleeve, and the handle middle part is provided with connecting portion, and the sleeve passes connecting portion, and the connecting portion periphery is provided with the external screw thread, the joint is provided with the internal thread with external screw thread looks adaptation, still be provided with continuous corrugate arch on the handle.
Specifically, the length and the height of the first module are both larger than or equal to 4cm, the width of the first module is 4-5cm, and the inner diameters of the guide channel and the secondary guide channel are both 2.6-3 mm.
Specifically, the outer diameter of the inner core is 2.5mm, the inner diameter of the sleeve is 2.6-3mm, and the length of the inner core is 8-12 cm.
Specifically, the width of the second module is 4-5cm, and the inner diameters of the second guide channel and the second secondary guide channel are both 2.6-3 mm.
Specifically, the number of the secondary guide channels is six, the secondary guide channels are symmetrically arranged on two sides of the guide channels in two groups, the secondary guide channels are arranged in the vertical direction, the secondary guide channels are from close to the guide channels to far away from the guide channels, included angles between the axial center lines of the secondary guide channels and the bottom surface of the secondary guide channels are 3 degrees, 6 degrees and 9 degrees in sequence, and distances between the axial center lines of the secondary guide channels and a horizontal plane along the horizontal direction of the axial center lines of the guide channels are 5.24mm, 10.51mm and 15.83mm in sequence.
Specifically, a plurality of time direction way quantity is six, is divided into two sets of symmetries and lays in the direction of dado both sides, six the time direction is laid, and the time direction of dado is from being close to the direction of dado to keeping away from the direction of dado, and the contained angle of its axial centerline and side is 3 °, 6 °, 9 ° in proper order, and the distance of its axial centerline and the vertical face of axial centerline vertical direction along the direction of dado is 18.05mm, 12.61mm, 6.55mm, 7.15mm, 15.04mm, 23.84mm from a left side to the right side in proper order, the left surface of first module is 130 with positive contained angle.
Specifically, the number of the secondary guide ways is twelve, the secondary guide ways are symmetrically arranged on two sides of the guide ways in four groups, wherein six secondary guide ways are arranged in the horizontal direction, the secondary guide ways arranged in the vertical direction are sequentially from close to the guide ways to far from the guide ways, the included angles between the axial center lines and the bottom surfaces of the secondary guide ways are 3 degrees, 6 degrees and 9 degrees, the distances between the axial center lines of the secondary guide ways and the horizontal planes along the horizontal direction of the axial center lines of the guide ways are sequentially 5.24mm, 10.51mm and 15.83mm, the secondary guide ways arranged in the horizontal direction are sequentially from close to the guide ways to far from the guide ways, the included angles between the axial center lines and the side surfaces of the secondary guide ways are sequentially 3 degrees, 6 degrees and 9 degrees, and the distances between the axial center lines of the secondary guide ways and the vertical planes along the axial center lines of the guide ways are sequentially 18.05mm, 12.61mm, 6..
Specifically, a tangent of the guide channel in the vertical direction of the hole inlet on the front face of the first module coincides with a tangent of the secondary guide channel in the vertical direction of the hole inlet on the front face of the first module.
Specifically, the tangent of the guide channel in the horizontal direction of the inlet hole on the front surface of the first module coincides with the tangent of the secondary guide channel in the horizontal direction of the inlet hole on the front surface of the first module
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. according to the invention, the puncture needle, the first module and the second module are mutually matched for use, so that the needle feeding point and the angle of the hollow nail before percutaneous implantation can be conveniently adjusted, the operation time of the hollow nail during percutaneous implantation is shortened, and the accuracy and the stability can be improved.
2. The puncture needle is provided with the handle, is light and convenient to hold by hand, and is easy to adjust the needle feeding point and the angle. The sleeve is externally provided with scales, so that the needle inserting depth can be conveniently identified and the distance between the femoral needle inserting point and the skin can be conveniently measured. The inner core needle point is the prism design, improves sharp degree, and the puncture of being convenient for, the prism needle point is worn out sleeve length and is about 3mm, is convenient for keep somewhere in sclerotin stability after the first puncture, and the inner core diameter is 2.5mm, and is unanimous with current conventional use guide pin (ke shi needle) diameter, is convenient for extract the inner core after directly putting into the guide pin.
3. The first module is in a right hexahedron structure, the obtuse angle between the bottom surface and the side surface is preferably 130 degrees and is consistent with the average angle of the neck trunk angle, the size of the module is convenient to reduce, the portability of the module is improved, and the shielding of the perspective in the operation is reduced. The first guide channel of the first module is positioned in the center of the module, the length of the guide channel is preferably 5cm, four groups of secondary guide channels are respectively positioned on four sides of the guide channel and are arranged in the vertical direction, but are not positioned on the same plane with the guide channel, the secondary guide channels are from close to the guide channel to far from the guide channel, the preferred included angles between the axial central lines of the secondary guide channels and the upper surface or the side surface are 3 degrees, 6 degrees and 9 degrees in sequence, the vertical distances between the axial central lines in the direction vertical to the femoral shaft and the axial central lines of the guide channels are 5.24mm, 10.51mm and 15.83mm in sequence, and the distances between the secondary guide channels and the femoral shaft in the direction parallel to the femoral shaft are 18.05mm, 12.61mm, 6.55mm, 7.15. The purpose is as follows: first, it can be found by mathematical calculation that all the guide channels intersect at a distance of 10cm from the entrance of the guide channel, and that for a length of 5cm in the module, the distance between the insertion point of the hollow screw into the femoral neck and the intersection point of the reverse extension line of the screw and the skin is about 5cm for an adult of normal size, as measured by the image. Then the main guide pin (the Kirschner wire placed in the guide channel) and the secondary guide pin (the Kirschner wire placed in the secondary guide channel) are crossed at the position of the femoral needle insertion point, and the accuracy of the needle insertion point is ensured. Even if the individual patient is fat or thin, the distance between the femoral needle insertion point and the skin can be read according to the scales on the puncture needle or the distance between the designed needle insertion point and the skin can be measured according to preoperative imaging examination, the obtained distance is compared with the thickness of the module and 10cm, the skin can be properly pressed or lifted to keep the proper distance in the operation, the scales can be marked on the guide needle, and the distance of 10cm can be accurately ensured according to the scale reading. Thereby ensuring that the femoral head and the femoral head intersect at the femoral needle insertion point or the adjacent position of the thighbone needle insertion point, and ensuring the accuracy of the needle insertion point. The second and the secondary guide ways are staggered with the guide way, namely not in the same plane, so that the phenomenon that the secondary guide way is overlapped and crossed with the guide way when the needle is placed on the secondary guide way to influence the needle placement on the secondary guide way is avoided. And thirdly, secondary guide ways positioned on two mutually vertical planes are respectively used for adjusting the positive angle and the side position angle, so that the positive position and the side position can be adjusted according to actual conditions. Fourthly, according to actual conditions, by utilizing the characteristic that the guide pin is crossed at the position of 10cm between the entrance of the module and the femoral needle insertion point, the module is pressed or kept away from the skin, so that the module is crossed behind or in front of the femoral needle insertion point, and the walking distance of the needle insertion point and the crossed guide pin in the femoral neck is properly adjusted to adapt to actual requirements.
4. After the first guide pin is precisely placed, the second guide way and the second guide way of the second module are arranged in a circle 150The design of the angle ensures that the second and the third screws placed in the secondary guide way have various angle combinations, an isosceles triangle and an equilateral triangle can be selected according to actual conditions, the distance between the isosceles triangle and the first screw is uniform and constant, the stress is uniform, the fixation is firm, the positioning is accurate, and the tail end of the screw is prevented from being collided with the nail. Can be quickly set by using the second moduleAnd (4) a second guide pin and a third guide pin are inserted, and then the hollow screw is implanted.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the structure of the puncture needle;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a third embodiment of a first module;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the backside structure of FIG. 2;
FIG. 4 is a front view of FIG. 2;
FIG. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a first embodiment of a first module;
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of the backside structure of FIG. 5;
FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view of FIG. 6;
FIG. 8 is a schematic structural diagram of a second embodiment of the first module;
fig. 9 is a schematic structural diagram of a second module.
In the figure: 10 puncture needles, 11 inner cores, 12 sleeves, 13 handles, 14 clamping joints, 20 first modules, 21 guide channels, 22 second guide channels, 30 second modules, 31 second guide channels and 32 second guide channels, wherein A is an included angle formed by the front surface and the side surface of the first module, and B is an included angle formed by the axial center line and the bottom surface of the second guide channel.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
As shown in fig. 1 to 9, the femoral neck fracture percutaneous surgery auxiliary device comprises a puncture needle 10, a first module 20 and a second module 30, wherein the puncture needle 10 comprises an inner core 11 and a sleeve 12 sleeved with the inner core, a handle 13 is arranged on the sleeve, the front end of the inner core is triangular, and a clamping joint 14 is arranged at the rear end of the inner core 11 and clamped with the handle. The sleeve is also provided with a reading. Specifically, the handle cup joints in the sleeve, and the handle middle part is provided with connecting portion, and the sleeve passes connecting portion, and the connecting portion periphery is provided with the external screw thread, the joint is provided with the internal thread with external screw thread looks adaptation, still be provided with continuous corrugate arch on the handle. Furthermore, the outer diameter of the inner core is 2.5mm, the inner diameter of the sleeve is 2.6-3mm, and the length of the inner core is 8-12 cm; preferably, the sleeve has an inner diameter of 2.8mm and the inner core has a length of 10cm, and further, the length of the inner core exposed out of the sleeve at the front end is 3 mm.
The first module 20 is a straight parallelepiped, a smaller included angle a formed by the front surface and the side surface of the first module 20 is 45-55 degrees, preferably 50 degrees, the first module 20 is provided with a guide channel 21 from the center of the front surface along the direction parallel to the side surface and the bottom surface, the first module is further provided with a plurality of secondary guide channels 22, the plurality of secondary guide channels are distributed on two sides of the guide channel in an even number manner, an inlet hole of the plurality of secondary guide channels on the front surface of the first module and an inlet hole of the guide channel on the front surface of the first module are distributed in a staggered manner, the plurality of secondary guide channels are distributed in an inclined manner relative to the guide channels, and an outlet hole of the plurality of secondary guide channels on the back surface of the first module is close to an outlet hole of the guide channel on the back surface. The length and the height of the first module are both larger than or equal to 4cm, the width of the first module is 4-5cm, and the inner diameters of the guide channel and the secondary guide channel are both 2.6-3 mm. Preferably, the length, width and height of the first module are both 5cm, and the inner diameters of the guide channel and the secondary guide channel are 2.8 mm.
Specifically, the first embodiment of the plurality of secondary guide channels of the first module is that the number of the plurality of secondary guide channels is six, the secondary guide channels are symmetrically distributed on two sides of the guide channel in two groups, the secondary guide channels are distributed in the vertical direction, the secondary guide channels are from close to the guide channel to far away from the guide channel, the included angles B between the axial central line and the bottom surface of the secondary guide channels are 3 degrees, 6 degrees and 9 degrees in sequence, and the distances between the axial central line and the horizontal plane along the axial central line of the guide channel in the horizontal direction are 5.24mm, 10.51mm and 15.83mm in sequence. The tangent line of the guide channel in the vertical direction of the hole inlet on the front face of the first module coincides with the tangent line of the secondary guide channel in the vertical direction of the hole inlet on the front face of the first module.
The second embodiment of the plurality of secondary guide channels of the first module is that the number of the plurality of secondary guide channels is six, the secondary guide channels are symmetrically distributed on two sides of the guide channels in two groups, the six secondary guide channels are distributed in the horizontal direction, the secondary guide channels are from close to the guide channels to far from the guide channels, the included angles between the axial central lines and the side surfaces of the secondary guide channels are sequentially 3 degrees, 6 degrees and 9 degrees, the distances between the axial central lines distributed horizontally and the vertical surfaces along the vertical direction of the axial central lines of the guide channels are sequentially 18.05mm, 12.61mm, 6.55mm, 7.15mm, 15.04mm and 23.84mm from left to right, and at the moment, the included angle between the left side surface and the front surface of the first module is 130. The tangent of the guide channel in the horizontal direction of the inlet hole on the front face of the first module coincides with the tangent of the secondary guide channel in the horizontal direction of the inlet hole on the front face of the first module.
A third embodiment of the plurality of secondary guide channels of the first module is that the plurality of secondary guide channels are twelve in number and symmetrically arranged on two sides of the guide channel in four groups, wherein six secondary guide channels are arranged in the horizontal direction, the secondary guide channels arranged in the vertical direction are arranged from the position close to the guide channel to the position far away from the guide channel, the included angles between the axial center line and the bottom surface of the secondary guide channels are 3 degrees, 6 degrees and 9 degrees in sequence, the distances between the axial center line of the secondary guide channels and the horizontal plane in the horizontal direction along the axial center line of the guide channel are 5.24mm, 10.51mm and 15.83mm in sequence, the secondary guide channels arranged in the horizontal direction are 18.05mm, 12.61mm, 6.55mm, 7.15mm, 15.04mm and 23.84mm in sequence from left to right in sequence, at this time, the left side surface of the first module forms an angle of 130 ° with the front surface. The tangent of the guide channel in the vertical direction of the hole inlet on the front surface of the first module coincides with the tangent of the vertically arranged secondary guide channel in the vertical direction of the hole inlet on the front surface of the first module. The tangent of the guide channel in the horizontal direction of the inlet hole on the front surface of the first module coincides with the tangent of the horizontally arranged secondary guide channel in the horizontal direction of the inlet hole on the front surface of the first module.
The second module 30 is also a straight parallelepiped, the smaller included angle formed by the front surface and the side surface of the second module is 45-55 degrees, the second module is provided with a second guide channel 31 from the front surface along the direction parallel to the side surface and the bottom surface, the second module is further provided with a second guide channel 32, the number of the second guide channels is seven, the second guide channels are uniformly distributed on the upper side of the second guide channel in an arc shape by taking the second guide channel as the center of a circle, the included angle of a connecting line between the adjacent second guide channel and the second guide channel is 15 degrees, and the second guide channels are all parallel to the side surface of the second module and are parallel to the bottom surface of the second module. Preferably, the distance between the second secondary guide way and the second guide way is 1.5 cm. The width of the second module is 4-5cm, and the inner diameters of the second guide channel and the second secondary guide channel are both 2.6-3 mm. Preferably, the second module has a width of 5cm, a length of 3cm and a height of 4 cm.
Furthermore, the first module and the second module are made of stainless steel.
The using method of the invention is to design a femoral needle insertion point below three screws in the shape of an inverted Chinese character 'pin' according to preoperative image examination. The doctor uses the pjncture needle percutaneous puncture to reach the thighbone, observes just side position X-ray image, and the angle of manual adjustment puncture point and puncture for puncture point and the alignment of just, the side position roughly aligns. Reading the distance from the skin to a femoral puncture point, performing puncture, enabling the puncture needle to enter the femur by about 5mm, keeping the puncture needle and the sleeve to be kept on the femur, rotating the clamping head with the internal thread, withdrawing the inner core out to be separated from the sleeve, inserting the kirschner wire with scales into the sleeve to be contacted with the bone, and screwing the kirschner wire into the femoral head by using an electric drill according to the direction of the sleeve, wherein at the moment, the righting angle and the righting point of the kirschner wire are accurate. The Kirschner wire is a 2.5mm diameter Kirschner wire with standard specification. Then, take out the sleeve from the kirschner wire, cup joint the kirschner wire with first module along the guide way, make needle point of inserting keep at 10cm with thighbone distance, through the lateral position X light perspective this moment, carry out lateral position angular adjustment, specifically, through the lateral position perspective, on first module, select the suitable secondary guide way of angle, specifically, select one in the secondary guide way of vertical direction, after selecting, insert the kirschner wire and bore the thighbone from this secondary guide way, withdraw from former kirschner wire and first module, the inserted kirschner wire normal position this moment, lateral position all align. And sleeving the Kirschner wires on the second module along the second guide channel, then selecting the second guide channel to implant two Kirschner wires according to the first guide pin and the condition of the patient, withdrawing the second module, respectively implanting three hollow nails into the bone along the three Kirschner wires in a percutaneous manner, extracting the Kirschner wires, and finishing the operation. The accuracy of the point and the angle of the percutaneous implantation of the hollow nail is improved. Or firstly, side alignment is carried out, and then the secondary guide channel in the horizontal direction is selected to realize positive alignment, so that the alignment of positive and side positions is realized. Because the intraoperative orthoscopy is more convenient and easier than the lateral fluoroscopy, orthoscopy is preferred.
It will be evident to those skilled in the art that the invention is not limited to the details of the foregoing illustrative embodiments, and that the present invention may be embodied in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential attributes thereof. The present embodiments are therefore to be considered in all respects as illustrative and not restrictive, the scope of the invention being indicated by the appended claims rather than by the foregoing description, and all changes which come within the meaning and range of equivalency of the claims are therefore intended to be embraced therein. Any reference sign in a claim should not be construed as limiting the claim concerned.
Claims (10)
1. The utility model provides a femoral neck fracture percutaneous surgery auxiliary device, includes pjncture needle, first module, second module, its characterized in that:
the puncture needle comprises an inner core and a sleeve sleeved with the inner core, wherein a handle is arranged on the sleeve, a clamping joint is arranged on the inner core, and the clamping joint is clamped with the handle;
the first module is a straight parallelepiped, a smaller included angle formed by the front surface and the side surface of the first module is 45-55 degrees, a guide channel is arranged in the center of the front surface of the first module along the direction parallel to the side surface and the bottom surface, a plurality of secondary guide channels are also arranged on the first module, the plurality of secondary guide channels are distributed on two sides of the guide channel in a double-number symmetrical manner, an inlet hole of each secondary guide channel on the front surface of the first module is staggered with an inlet hole of each guide channel on the front surface of the first module, the plurality of secondary guide channels are obliquely distributed relative to the guide channels, and an outlet hole of each secondary guide channel on the back surface of the first module is close to an outlet hole of each guide channel on the back surface of the first module;
the second module is also a straight parallelepiped, the front face and the side face of the second module form a smaller included angle of 45-55 degrees, the second module is provided with seven second guide channels from the front face along the direction parallel to the side face and the bottom face in an inclined manner, the second module is further provided with a second guide channel, the second guide channels are uniformly distributed on the upper side of the second guide channels in an arc manner by taking the second guide channels as the circle center, the included angle of a connecting line between each two adjacent second guide channels is 15 degrees, and the second guide channels are all parallel to the side face of the second module and are parallel to the bottom face of the second module.
2. A femoral neck fracture percutaneous surgical assistance device according to claim 1, wherein: the handle cup joints the sleeve, and the handle middle part is provided with connecting portion, and the sleeve passes connecting portion, and the connecting portion periphery is provided with the external screw thread, the joint is provided with the internal thread with external screw thread looks adaptation, still be provided with continuous corrugate arch on the handle.
3. A femoral neck fracture percutaneous surgical assistance device according to claim 1, wherein: the length and the height of the first module are both larger than or equal to 4cm, the width of the first module is 4-5cm, and the inner diameters of the guide channel and the secondary guide channel are both 2.6-3 mm.
4. A femoral neck fracture percutaneous surgical assistance device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: the outer diameter of the inner core is 2.5mm, the inner diameter of the sleeve is 2.6-3mm, and the length of the inner core is 8-12 cm.
5. A femoral neck fracture percutaneous surgical assistance device according to claim 1, wherein: the width of the second module is 4-5cm, and the inner diameters of the second guide channel and the second secondary guide channel are both 2.6-3 mm.
6. A femoral neck fracture percutaneous surgical assistance device according to claim 1, wherein: the number of the secondary guide channels is six, the secondary guide channels are symmetrically arranged on two sides of the guide channel in two groups, the secondary guide channels are arranged in the vertical direction, the secondary guide channels are from close to the guide channel to far away from the guide channel, the included angles between the axial center lines of the secondary guide channels and the bottom surface are 3 degrees, 6 degrees and 9 degrees in sequence, and the distances between the axial center lines of the secondary guide channels and the horizontal plane along the horizontal direction of the axial center lines of the guide channels are 5.24mm, 10.51mm and 15.83mm in sequence.
7. A femoral neck fracture percutaneous surgical assistance device according to claim 1, wherein: the number of the secondary guide channels is six, the secondary guide channels are symmetrically arranged on two sides of the guide channels in two groups, the secondary guide channels are arranged in the horizontal direction, the secondary guide channels are sequentially from being close to the guide channels to being far away from the guide channels, the included angles between the axial center lines and the side surfaces of the secondary guide channels are 3 degrees, 6 degrees and 9 degrees, the distances between the axial center lines and the vertical surfaces in the vertical direction of the axial center lines of the guide channels are sequentially 18.05mm, 12.61mm, 6.55mm, 7.15mm, 15.04mm and 23.84mm from left to right, and the included angle between the left side surface and the front surface of the first module is 130 degrees.
8. A femoral neck fracture percutaneous surgical assistance device according to claim 1, wherein: the number of the secondary guide channels is twelve, the secondary guide channels are symmetrically arranged on two sides of the guide channel in four groups, wherein six secondary guide channels are arranged in the horizontal direction, the secondary guide channels arranged in the vertical direction are arranged from the close guide channel to the far guide channel, the included angles between the axial center line and the bottom surface are 3 degrees, 6 degrees and 9 degrees in sequence, the distances between the axial center line of the secondary guide way and the horizontal plane along the horizontal direction of the axial center line of the guide way are 5.24mm, 10.51mm and 15.83mm in sequence, the secondary guide way distributed in the horizontal direction is from the close guide way to the far guide way, the included angle of its axial direction line and side is 3 °, 6 °, 9 ° in proper order, and the distance of inferior guidance way axial direction line and the vertical face of the vertical direction of axial direction line along the guidance way is 18.05mm, 12.61mm, 6.55mm, 7.15mm, 15.04mm, 23.84mm from a left side to the right side in proper order, the left surface of first module is 130 ° with positive contained angle.
9. A femoral neck fracture percutaneous surgical assistance device according to claim 6, wherein: the tangent line of the guide channel in the vertical direction of the hole inlet on the front face of the first module coincides with the tangent line of the secondary guide channel in the vertical direction of the hole inlet on the front face of the first module.
10. A femoral neck fracture percutaneous surgical assistance device according to claim 7, wherein: the tangent of the guide channel in the horizontal direction of the inlet hole on the front face of the first module coincides with the tangent of the secondary guide channel in the horizontal direction of the inlet hole on the front face of the first module.
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| CN111297460B (en) | 2021-03-09 |
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