CN111290073A - 60-micron small-diameter panda-type polarization maintaining optical fiber and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
60-micron small-diameter panda-type polarization maintaining optical fiber and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- 230000010287 polarization Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 33
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- 208000021155 Paediatric autoimmune neuropsychiatric disorders associated with streptococcal infection Diseases 0.000 title claims abstract description 26
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title abstract description 7
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 238000005253 cladding Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 238000004080 punching Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 238000005491 wire drawing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 235000016496 Panda oleosa Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 239000004925 Acrylic resin Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 229920000178 Acrylic resin Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 239000011247 coating layer Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 240000000220 Panda oleosa Species 0.000 claims abstract 2
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 claims description 28
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000011241 protective layer Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000005388 borosilicate glass Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000004927 fusion Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 claims 3
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 abstract description 9
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 6
- 238000005498 polishing Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000004033 diameter control Methods 0.000 abstract 1
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- YBMRDBCBODYGJE-UHFFFAOYSA-N germanium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Ge]=O YBMRDBCBODYGJE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000004804 winding Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005229 chemical vapour deposition Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
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- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 description 2
- ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Boron Chemical compound [B] ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 229910003910 SiCl4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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- 229910052796 boron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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- FDNAPBUWERUEDA-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon tetrachloride Chemical compound Cl[Si](Cl)(Cl)Cl FDNAPBUWERUEDA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
- G02B6/02—Optical fibres with cladding with or without a coating
- G02B6/024—Optical fibres with cladding with or without a coating with polarisation maintaining properties
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03B—MANUFACTURE, SHAPING, OR SUPPLEMENTARY PROCESSES
- C03B37/00—Manufacture or treatment of flakes, fibres, or filaments from softened glass, minerals, or slags
- C03B37/01—Manufacture of glass fibres or filaments
- C03B37/02—Manufacture of glass fibres or filaments by drawing or extruding, e.g. direct drawing of molten glass from nozzles; Cooling fins therefor
- C03B37/025—Manufacture of glass fibres or filaments by drawing or extruding, e.g. direct drawing of molten glass from nozzles; Cooling fins therefor from reheated softened tubes, rods, fibres or filaments, e.g. drawing fibres from preforms
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- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
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- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
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- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Optical Fibers, Optical Fiber Cores, And Optical Fiber Bundles (AREA)
Abstract
The invention designs a panda type polarization maintaining optical fiber with 60 microns of small diameter and a preparation method thereof, the working wavelength of the optical fiber is 1310nm and 1550nm, the diameter of a cladding is 60 mu m, and the diameter of a coating is 100 mu m, and the preparation method comprises the following steps: the core rod and the stress rod with excellent optical characteristics are prepared by FCVD or MCVD, the core rod and the stress rod are processed into an optical fiber preform rod by melting shrinkage, punching, polishing and the like, the outer diameter of the optical fiber is accurately controlled by adopting accurate control means such as optical fiber diameter control and wire drawing speed in the wire drawing process, the coating layer material adopts independently developed acrylic resin material to carry out double-layer coating on the optical fiber, and the optical fiber prepared by the method not only has good optical performance, temperature performance and reliability, but also is low in cost, long in single-batch output and suitable for mass production.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of polarization maintaining optical fiber manufacturing, and particularly relates to a panda type polarization maintaining optical fiber with a small diameter of 60 microns and a preparation method thereof.
Background
The fiber-optic gyroscope has the advantages of high precision, quick start, large dynamic range, all solid state, impact resistance, strong anti-interference, long service life and the like, and becomes a navigation device which is disputed to be applied and developed in various countries at present. A high-precision optical fiber gyroscope technology relates to a series of core components such as optical fibers, optical fiber loops, fixing glue, ring winding equipment and the like, and developed countries always implement forbidden operation policies on China for many years. Surpasses the high-precision development trend of the fiber-optic gyroscope, and has very important significance for the development of national aerospace, national defense and industrial technology. In the information fed back by a client continuously, the development direction of high precision and miniaturization of the fiber optic gyroscope market is increasingly strong, the existing polarization maintaining fiber products are greatly limited, and in order to better meet the market demand, the polarization maintaining fibers used by the existing fiber optic gyroscope are 125/250, 80/165 and 80/135 basically. When the high-precision fiber-optic gyroscope is applied to a ring with the same volume, the winding length of the ring can be increased by more than 30%, and the precision of the fiber-optic gyroscope is further improved under the condition that other size designs are not changed.
At present, compared with the 80/135 optical fiber, 60/100 optical fiber can improve a gyro precision level, the winding length is increased by using 60 micron optical fiber, so that the corresponding system precision is increased, and the other is to maintain the optical fiber length unchanged, reduce the size of a fiber optic gyro and provide a scheme for miniaturization and low cost.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problem of providing a panda type polarization maintaining fiber with a small diameter of 60 microns and a preparation method thereof, so that the precision of a fiber-optic gyroscope is further improved, and the size of the fiber-optic gyroscope is reduced.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the technical problems is as follows: the 60-micron small-diameter panda-type polarization maintaining fiber is characterized in that 2 circular borosilicate glass stress regions are symmetrically distributed on two sides of a fiber core to realize stress region type birefringence, the distance between the central point of each stress region on the cross section and the fiber core of the fiber is 15-19 mu m, the area of each stress region is 16-22 mu m, and the doping concentration of each stress region is that the refractive index difference of each stress region relative to quartz glass is-0.010-0.016.
According to the technical scheme, the diameter of the cladding is 60 +/-2 microns, and the diameter of the coating is 100 +/-5 microns.
According to the technical scheme, the working wavelength is 1310nm and 1550 nm.
According to the technical scheme, the outer edge of the cladding is made of ultraviolet light cured double-layer acrylic resin materials, the inner coating is a buffer layer, the elastic modulus of the inner coating is 0.05-10 mpa, and the outer coating is a protective layer, the elastic modulus of the outer coating is 500-3000 mpa.
The invention also provides a preparation method of the 60-micron small-diameter panda-type polarization maintaining optical fiber according to any one of claims 1 to 4, which comprises the following steps of preparing a core rod and a stress rod; step two, processing the optical fiber preform into an optical fiber preform through fusion shrinkage and punching, wherein the optical fiber preform is cylindrical, the diameter of a core region is 3-6 mm, the diameter of the preform is 40-60 mm, and the diameter of a stress region is 10-15 mm; parameters such as cut-off wavelength, mode field diameter, beat length and the like of the optical fiber are controlled by accurately controlling the diameter of the core region, the refractive index of the core region, the diameter of the prefabricated rod, the diameter of the stress region, the doping concentration of the stress region and the distance between the stress regions. And step three, drawing the wire, wherein the outer diameter of the optical fiber is controlled by adjusting the diameter and the wire drawing speed of the optical fiber in the wire drawing process.
According to the technical scheme, the device for preparing the core rod and the stress rod is FCVD or MCVD, and the refractive index profile of the preform rod is controlled by controlling the gas flow of an MFC (proton flow meter).
According to the technical scheme, in the second step, the hole is drilled in a mechanical drilling mode, the hole drilling diameter is 10-18 mm, the hole drilling stroke is 200-600 mm, the hole drilling distance is controlled by adjusting the position of the telescopic rod, and the hole drilling diameter is controlled by selecting cutter heads with different diameters.
According to the technical scheme, in the third step, the drawing tower for drawing the optical fiber mainly comprises a feeding mechanism, a drawing furnace, a coating device, a curing device, a diameter measuring unit, a tension measuring unit and a fiber collecting unit, and is controlled by a PID closed loop for measuring the sample feeding speed, the fiber collecting speed and the diameter, wherein the drawing speed is 100-700 m/min.
The invention has the following beneficial effects: by adopting the mode field matching design, the 60-micron small-diameter panda-type optical fiber can be welded with other devices on a gyroscope, such as a Y waveguide, and the engineering application of the 60-micron small-diameter panda-type polarization maintaining optical fiber is promoted. Secondly, in order to solve the balance between crosstalk performance and loss requirements, the optical fiber design is optimized in the invention, the traditional bending insensitive optical fiber technology is transplanted to a small-diameter polarization-preserving design, and the cladding is sunken, so that the influence of the diffusion of boron element in a stress region on attenuation can be prevented, the material dispersion of an optical fiber core can be inhibited, the doping concentration of germanium dioxide in the optical fiber core can be reduced, the purposes of reducing the Rayleigh scattering loss of the optical fiber and further reducing the optical fiber loss can be achieved, and on the basis, the distance between the stress region and the optical fiber core can be further reduced to improve the crosstalk level.
Drawings
The invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples, in which:
FIG. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a 60 μm thin-diameter panda-type polarization maintaining fiber according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of an optical fiber preform according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a schematic view of a wire drawing device according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention.
As shown in fig. 1, in the embodiment of the present invention, the operating wavelength of the 60 μm thin-diameter panda-type polarization maintaining fiber is 1310nm and 1550nm, the diameter of the cladding is 60 ± 2 μm, the diameter of the coating is 100 ± 5 μm, and 2 circular borosilicate glass stress regions are symmetrically distributed on two sides of the core to implement stress region type birefringence. The distance between the central point of the stress region on the cross section and the fiber core of the optical fiber is 15-19 μm, the area of the stress region is 16-22 μm, and the doping concentration of the stress region is that the refractive index difference of the stress region relative to the quartz glass is-0.010-0.016. The outer edge of the cladding is made of ultraviolet light cured double-layer acrylic resin material, the inner coating is a buffer layer, the elastic modulus of the buffer layer is 0.05-10 mpa, and the outer coating is a protective layer, the elastic modulus of the protective layer is 500-3000 mpa.
The development process of the embodiment of the invention relates to the whole process of manufacturing the panda polarization maintaining optical fiber, and the main technical approaches are as follows: the FCVD (graphite furnace chemical vapor deposition) and MCVD (modified chemical vapor deposition) processes are adopted to manufacture high-quality single-mode core rods and stress rods. The main process comprises the following steps: the main process formula is determined according to the parameters (such as inner cladding diameter, core cladding refractive index difference and the like) of the pre-designed single-mode core rod and stress rod. Selecting a high-quality quartz tube as a reaction tube, adopting FCVD and MCVD processes, and manufacturing the preform rod according to the determined process parameters such as the proportional relation of raw materials, the number of deposited layers and the like. The method mainly comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: preparing single-mode prefabricated rod by FCVD process and using high-purity O2Carrying SiCl4、GeCl4Passing the raw material through a quartz tube while heating the quartz reaction tube with oxyhydrogen flame, the raw material and high-purity O2Chemical reaction is carried out in a quartz tube at high temperature, and SiO generated after the high-temperature reaction2、GeO2The quartz tube is uniformly deposited on the inner wall of the quartz tube as the quartz tube rotates and the heating lamp head moves, and the required deposition thickness is controlled by controlling the number of layers to be deposited and the flow rate of the raw material. In high purity SiO2The size and refractive index distribution of the preform are controlled by parameters such as doping amount in the material, deposition temperature, speed, layer number and the like, so that the single-mode core rod meeting the optical parameters of the final polarization maintaining optical fiber is obtained.
Step two: the core rod is fused, the outer diameter of the single-mode core rod prepared by adopting the FCVD process is about 18-24 mm, the single-mode core rod cannot be directly prepared into a polarization-maintaining optical fiber preform rod, and the single-mode core rod needs to be sleeved to the diameter range meeting the process design requirement, so that the single-mode mother rod needs to be sleeved. The core rod needs to be aligned and adjusted with the quartz tube after being cleaned, and the eccentricity of the prefabricated rod caused by the sleeve process is prevented. Then, a pilot uses an oxyhydrogen flame heating method to fix the mother rod and the quartz tube together, a closed system is formed after adjustment and welding of a high-precision sleeve lathe, and sleeve welding is completed by adopting the oxyhydrogen flame and vacuumizing combination method.
Step three: preparing a high-doped stress rod by MCVD or FCVD, wherein the doping concentration of the high-doped stress rod reaches over 25 percent and is 20-23 percent higher than that of a common polarization maintaining optical fiber with the diameter of 80 mu m, the size of a doping core area is 10-16 mm, and the roundness of the doping core area is less than 1 percent; the key process parameters of the stress rod with the outer diameter of 16-25 mm for preparing the stress rod comprise a high-precision automatic control system for the flow of raw material gas, the pressure of a deposition area, the deposition temperature and the moving speed of a lamp cap.
Step four: and (5) polishing the stress bar, and processing the stress bar by adopting a special multifunctional grinding machine. The grinding of the surface of the corresponding force rod is realized by controlling the longitudinal feeding amount of the grinding machine and the rotating speed of the grinding wheel, the polishing grinding wheel with higher modulus is required to be replaced to perform polishing treatment on the corresponding force rod after the grinding is finished, and the final grinding outer diameter is 16 +/-1 mm.
Step five: punching, adopting a deep hole drilling machine to punch the collapsing rod, and enabling the centers of two holes to be on the same straight line with the center of the fiber core, namely ensuring the axial straightness of the fiber core of the single-mode prefabricated rod. The full clamping device of development prefabricated excellent guarantees the stability of the stick that punches in the process of punching, and we have carried out design optimization to the tool bit that punches simultaneously, makes it possess and even beats the function of taking the polishing, under the prerequisite of guaranteeing parallelism and the degree of depth of punching, improves the inner wall quality of the stick that punches, simultaneously, utilizes the optic fibre endoscope to detect the roughness of punching, ensures the quality of the stick that punches.
Step six: the invention discloses a method for assembling a polarization maintaining prefabricated rod, which is characterized in that a punching and embedding process is adopted to manufacture a panda type polarization maintaining optical fiber prefabricated rod as shown in figure 2. After the single mode preform and the stress preform are completed, they are combined together as required by the design.
Step seven: compared with the traditional 80-micron optical fiber drawing process, the whole of the cladding and the coating become thinner, the die hole of the optical fiber coating die is correspondingly smaller, and the aperture of the 60-micron small-diameter panda-type polarization-maintaining optical fiber coating die is smaller. Therefore, the drawing process parameters of the panda-type polarization maintaining optical fiber with the small diameter of 60 microns are different from those of the 80-micron drawing process.
Firstly, under the condition of the same drawing speed and temperature, the drawing tension of the panda-type polarization maintaining optical fiber with the small diameter of 60 microns is small, the feeding speed is low, the stay time in a drawing furnace is long, and therefore the drawing has certain risks and the problems of strength and coating quality. Therefore, if the drawing conditions of the panda-type polarization maintaining optical fiber with the small diameter of 60 microns are consistent with those of the 80-micron drawing conditions, the drawing temperature is lower than that of the 80-micron polarization maintaining optical fiber; and secondly, the drawing speed and the drawing temperature are correlated, and under the same drawing temperature, in order to ensure proper tension, the drawing speed of the panda-type polarization maintaining optical fiber with the small diameter of 60 microns needs to be increased relative to that of a 80-micron polarization maintaining optical fiber. Finally, the curing degree is that the panda-type polarization maintaining fiber with the small diameter of 60 microns is thinner than the coating layer of the 80-micron fiber, so that the fiber coating is easier to cure. As shown in fig. 3, a drawing device is schematically illustrated. Therefore, by adopting a coating abrasive tool with smaller size, the drawing temperature is reduced, the drawing speed is increased, and the optical fiber meeting the design requirement is prepared.
Step seven: and (3) testing the drawn optical fiber, wherein the test comprises geometric performance, optical performance, polarization performance, mechanical performance and the like.
By the above process, we can prepare optical fibers that meet the optical fiber specifications of table 1 below:
TABLE 1
It will be understood that modifications and variations can be made by persons skilled in the art in light of the above teachings and all such modifications and variations are intended to be included within the scope of the invention as defined in the appended claims.
Claims (8)
1. A60 micron thin-diameter panda type polarization maintaining fiber is characterized in that 2 circular borosilicate glass stress regions are symmetrically distributed on two sides of a fiber core to realize stress region type birefringence, the distance between the central point of the stress region on the cross section and the fiber core of the fiber is 15-19 microns, the area of the stress region is 16-22 microns, and the doping concentration of the stress region is that the refractive index difference of the stress region relative to quartz glass is-0.010-0.016.
2. The 60 μm fine-diameter panda-type polarization maintaining optical fiber of claim 1, wherein the cladding diameter is 60 ± 2 μm and the coating diameter is 100 ± 5 μm.
3. The 60 μm fine-diameter panda-type polarization maintaining optical fiber according to claim 1, wherein the operating wavelength is 1310nm and 1550 nm.
4. The 60 μm thin-diameter panda-type polarization maintaining optical fiber according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the outer edge of the cladding layer is made of uv-curable double-layer acrylic resin material, the inner coating layer is a buffer layer with an elastic modulus of 0.05 to 10mpa, and the outer coating layer is a protective layer with an elastic modulus of 500 to 3000 mpa.
5. A method for preparing the 60 micron thin-diameter panda-type polarization maintaining optical fiber according to any one of claims 1 to 4, comprising the steps of, firstly, preparing a core rod and a stress rod; step two, processing the optical fiber preform into an optical fiber preform through fusion shrinkage and punching, wherein the optical fiber preform is cylindrical, the diameter of a core region is 3-6 mm, the diameter of the preform is 40-60 mm, and the diameter of a stress region is 10-15 mm; and step three, drawing the wire, wherein the outer diameter of the optical fiber is controlled by adjusting the diameter and the wire drawing speed of the optical fiber in the wire drawing process.
6. The method of claim 5, wherein the apparatus for preparing the core rod and the stress rod is FCVD or MCVD, and the refractive index profile of the preform is controlled by controlling the gas flow of MFC.
7. The method for preparing the panda-type polarization maintaining fiber with the small diameter of 60 μm according to claim 5, wherein in the second step, the hole is drilled mechanically, the diameter of the hole is 10 to 18mm, the hole drilling stroke is 200 to 600mm, the distance between the holes is controlled by adjusting the position of the collapsing rod, and the diameter of the holes is controlled by selecting the cutter heads with different diameters.
8. The method for preparing the panda-type polarization maintaining optical fiber with the small diameter of 60 microns according to claim 5, wherein in the third step, the drawing tower for drawing the optical fiber mainly comprises a feeding mechanism, a drawing furnace, a coating device, a curing device, a diameter measurement unit, a tension measurement unit and a fiber collection unit, and the drawing speed is controlled by a PID closed loop of sample feeding speed, fiber collection speed and diameter measurement and is 100 to 700 m/min.
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| CN112327405A (en) * | 2020-11-13 | 2021-02-05 | 中国电子科技集团公司第四十六研究所 | Panda type single polarization optical fiber and preparation method thereof |
| CN112456789A (en) * | 2020-11-24 | 2021-03-09 | 法尔胜泓昇集团有限公司 | Gourd-shaped polarization maintaining optical fiber and preparation method thereof |
| CN114755763A (en) * | 2022-03-30 | 2022-07-15 | 长飞光纤光缆股份有限公司 | Online fiber fusion penetration method |
| CN115417591A (en) * | 2022-09-14 | 2022-12-02 | 武汉长盈通光电技术股份有限公司 | Method for preparing polarization maintaining optical fiber stress rod by FCVD |
| CN116023020A (en) * | 2023-01-31 | 2023-04-28 | 浙江康阔光智能科技有限公司 | Manufacturing method of current sensing optical fiber |
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| CN112456789A (en) * | 2020-11-24 | 2021-03-09 | 法尔胜泓昇集团有限公司 | Gourd-shaped polarization maintaining optical fiber and preparation method thereof |
| CN112456789B (en) * | 2020-11-24 | 2023-07-25 | 江苏法尔胜光电科技有限公司 | Gourd-shaped polarization maintaining optical fiber and preparation method thereof |
| CN114755763A (en) * | 2022-03-30 | 2022-07-15 | 长飞光纤光缆股份有限公司 | Online fiber fusion penetration method |
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Address after: No.80, Gaoxin 5th Road, Donghu Development Zone, Wuhan City, Hubei Province Applicant after: Wuhan changyingtong Optoelectronic Technology Co.,Ltd. Address before: 430205 No. five, No. 80, hi tech Development Zone, East Lake New Technology Development Zone, Hubei, Wuhan Applicant before: YANGTZE OPTICAL ELECTRONIC Co.,Ltd. |
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