A kind of ellipse core polarization maintaining optical fibre and its manufacturing method
Technical field
The invention belongs to optical fiber fabrication arts more particularly to a kind of oval core polarization maintaining optical fibre and its manufacturing methods.
Background technology
Polarization maintaining optical fibre is one of sensing element of optical fibre gyro and vital communication and sensing element.Oval core
A kind of important component of the polarization maintaining optical fibre as polarization maintaining optical fibre, wide applicability are its big advantages.Due to optical fiber
Gyro (Fiber Optical Gyroscope) have it is small, light-weight, without mechanical moving element, start fast, dynamic error
Small, the features such as reliability is high, long lifespan, be unrivaled inertial sensor, has and gradually replaces existing machinery gyro product
And the trend largely used, automatically controlling for machine is had been widely used for, such as aircraft and the location navigation of automobile, inertia system
Lead equal fields.Polarization maintaining optical fibre product currently on the market is mainly panda type structure, and panda type polarization-preserving fiber will have high inclined
It shakes ability, needs the boron doping amount for increasing stress rods, due to the thermal expansion character of multiple material, panda type polarization-preserving fiber is to temperature
Sensibility, and one of development important trend of high-precision optical fiber gyro is to reduce the temperature sensitivity of each component.Therefore, panda type
There are certain defects when making high-precision optical fiber gyro for polarization maintaining optical fibre.Oval core polarization maintaining optical fibre manufacture craft is relatively simple,
It optimizes the polarization property of polarization maintaining optical fibre and is mainly matched by diamond shape sleeve structure to realize, in addition its temperature-insensitive
Feature can be suitable for the development in high accuracy gyroscope field.
Fibre optic current sensor is the upgrading production of smelting, electric chemical industry and intelligent grid field for electric current metering
Product.Electric current metering is one of important technological parameters of electrolytic industries such as electric system and metallurgy, chemical industry.Currently, big portion of China
Enterprise is divided mainly to use magnetoelectric induction current transformer and hall effect type direct measuring type current sensor to the measurement of electric current, this
Current sensor of the kind based on electromagnetic induction principle all cannot in precision, stability, the interference of anti-stray magnetic field etc.
Meet the development need of modern metallurgical and electric chemical industry.Polarization maintaining optical fibre is the Primary Component of optical-fiber-type current transformer, is being closed
There is related application requirement on key Sensitive Apparatus such as ring retard, sensing ring and a quarter slide, oval core is needed to protect thus
Polarisation fibre has higher precision, stability to be applicable in suitable for the mating of above-mentioned Sensitive Apparatus.
Invention content
The present invention is stronger for the temperature sensitive property of existing polarization maintaining optical fibre, and cannot meet optical-fiber-type current transformer, open
Ring optical fibre gyro and optical fibre gyro provide a kind of oval core polarization maintaining optical fibre and its system the problem of being required in terms of precision, stability
Method is made, machining accuracy is improved, obtains the stronger oval core polarization maintaining optical fibre of stability.
The technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve the technical problems is:A kind of oval core polarization maintaining optical fibre manufacture is provided first
Method includes the following steps, 1) plug is manufactured with chemical vapour deposition technique, plug includes covering and sandwich layer, sandwich layer a diameter of 0.1
~8mm, doped chemical are germanium, and relative fefractive index difference is 0.6%~1.5%;Cladding diameter is 2 with sandwich layer diameter ratio:1~6:
1, covering group is divided into that fluoro- germanium is co-doped with or single fluorine doped, refringence are -0.5%~0%;2) it is diamond structure to make cross section
Target rod is placed in the inside of quartz glass sleeve by target rod, and target rod is coaxially disposed with quartz glass sleeve, using outer pressure spray process to stone
English glass bushing is deposited, and after the completion of deposition process, is removed target rod, is formed pure quartz glass diamond shape internal sheath;3) to core
The covering of stick is machined, and plug is placed in post-depositional quartz glass sleeve, keeps the circle of the covering of plug outer
Surface and the inner surface of pure quartz glass diamond shape internal sheath are tangent, and combination constitutes polarization-preserving fiber preform;4) to polarization maintaining optical fibre
Prefabricated rods carry out collapsing and stretch processing, carry out mechanical outer circle polishing and polishing to the polarization-preserving fiber preform after stretching, are formed
Can wire drawing polarization-maintaining prefabricated rods;5) draw cone, wire drawing at oval core polarization maintaining optical fibre polarization-maintaining prefabricated rods.
According to the above technical scheme, the covering of plug is machined described in step 3), specially to the packet of plug
Layer is uniformly cut or is cut or is ground in an axial direction.
According to the above technical scheme, after carrying out Even Grinding in an axial direction to the covering of plug in step 3), to grinding surface into
Row polishing and grinding;After carrying out mechanical outer circle polishing and polishing to the polarization-preserving fiber preform after stretching in step 4), carry out
Grinding.
According to the above technical scheme, for pure quartz glass diamond shape internal sheath, the ratio between long and short shaft length of diamond shape f's
Ranging from 2:1~6:1.
According to the above technical scheme, by polarization-preserving fiber preform on stretching tower high temperature collapsing, be drawn into one and complete protect
Inclined prefabricated rods, polarization-maintaining prefabricated rods become standard outer circle structure by outer circle shaping.
The present invention also provides a kind of oval core polarization maintaining optical fibres, manufacture plug with chemical vapour deposition technique, plug includes covering
And sandwich layer, a diameter of 0.1~8mm of sandwich layer, doped chemical are germanium, relative fefractive index difference is 0.6%~1.5%;Cladding diameter with
Sandwich layer diameter ratio is 2:1~6:1, covering group is divided into that fluoro- germanium is co-doped with or single fluorine doped, refringence are -0.5%~0%;It makes
Cross section is the target rod of diamond structure, target rod is placed in the inside of quartz glass sleeve, target rod is coaxially set with quartz glass sleeve
It sets, quartz glass sleeve is deposited using outer pressure spray process, after the completion of deposition process, remove target rod, form pure quartz glass
Diamond shape internal sheath;The covering of plug is machined, plug is placed in post-depositional quartz glass sleeve, core is made
The rounded outer surface of the covering of stick and the inner surface of pure quartz glass diamond shape internal sheath are tangent, and combination constitutes polarization maintaining optical fiber preformed
Stick;To polarization-preserving fiber preform carry out collapsing processing, collapsing processing after stretched, to the polarization-preserving fiber preform after stretching into
Row machinery outer circle polishing and polishing, formed can wire drawing polarization-maintaining prefabricated rods;Draw cone, wire drawing at oval core polarization-maintaining polarization-maintaining prefabricated rods
Optical fiber.
According to the above technical scheme, the covering of plug is machined, specially the covering of plug is carried out in an axial direction
Uniformly cutting or cutting or grinding.
According to the above technical scheme, after carrying out Even Grinding in an axial direction to the covering of plug, grinding surface is polished and
Grinding;After carrying out mechanical outer circle polishing and polishing to the polarization-preserving fiber preform after stretching, it is ground.
According to the above technical scheme, for pure quartz glass diamond shape internal sheath, the ratio between long and short shaft length of diamond shape f's
Ranging from 2:1~6:1.
According to the above technical scheme, by polarization-preserving fiber preform on stretching tower high temperature collapsing, be drawn into one and complete protect
Inclined prefabricated rods, polarization-maintaining prefabricated rods become standard outer circle structure by outer circle shaping.
The beneficial effect comprise that:1) oval core polarization maintaining optical fibre birefringence is the asymmetry due to optical waveguide structure
Property cause, temperature sensitivity is preferable, be suitable for various application circumstances;2) plug is uniform after polishing, ellipse to fiber core
The control ability of circularity is stronger.The present invention improves the machining accuracy of oval core polarization maintaining optical fibre, obtains the stronger ellipse of stability
Core polarization maintaining optical fibre.It can manufacture various using wavelength and the oval core polarization maintaining optical fibre of cladding diameter.
Description of the drawings
Present invention will be further explained below with reference to the attached drawings and examples, in attached drawing:
Fig. 1 is the structural schematic diagram of oval core polarization maintaining optical fibre in the embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the structure of plug in the embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is the mechanical processing schematic diagram of plug in the embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 4 is the structural schematic diagram of pure quartz glass diamond shape internal sheath in the embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 5 is plug and pure quartz glass diamond shape internal sheath combination diagram in the embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 6 is polarization-preserving fiber preform collapsing schematic diagram in the embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 7 is in the embodiment of the present invention to the comparison diagram before and after polarization-preserving fiber preform machinery outer circle polishing after collapsing;
Fig. 8 is the structure of polarization-maintaining prefabricated rods in the embodiment of the present invention.
Specific implementation mode
In order to make the purpose , technical scheme and advantage of the present invention be clearer, with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments, right
The present invention is further elaborated.It should be appreciated that described herein, specific examples are only used to explain the present invention, not
For limiting the present invention.
A kind of oval core polarization maintaining optical fibre manufacturing method is provided first in the embodiment of the present invention, is included the following steps, 1) useization
It learns vapour deposition process and manufactures plug, plug includes covering and sandwich layer, and a diameter of 0.1~8mm of sandwich layer, doped chemical is germanium, relatively
Refringence is 0.6%~1.5%;Cladding diameter is 2 with sandwich layer diameter ratio:1~6:1, covering group be divided into fluoro- germanium be co-doped with or
Single fluorine doped, refringence are -0.5%~0%;2) target rod that cross section is diamond structure is made, target rod is placed in quartz glass
The inside of casing, target rod are coaxially disposed with quartz glass sleeve, are deposited to quartz glass sleeve using outer pressure spray process, are deposited
After the completion of process, remove target rod, forms pure quartz glass diamond shape internal sheath;3) covering of plug is machined, it will
Plug is placed in post-depositional quartz glass sleeve, makes the rounded outer surface and pure quartz glass diamond shape endoporus of the covering of plug
The inner surface of casing is tangent, and combination constitutes polarization-preserving fiber preform;4) collapsing and stretch processing are carried out to polarization-preserving fiber preform,
Mechanical outer circle polishing and polishing are carried out to the polarization-preserving fiber preform after stretching, formed can wire drawing polarization-maintaining prefabricated rods;5) it will protect
Inclined prefabricated rods draw cone, wire drawing at oval core polarization maintaining optical fibre.In the preferred embodiment, a diameter of 2.0mm of sandwich layer, doping
Element is germanium, relative fefractive index difference 1.2%;Its cladding diameter is 6.0mm, and covering group is divided into single fluorine doped, refringence is-
0.5%.
Wherein the covering of plug is machined described in step 3), is specifically as follows to the covering of plug in an axial direction
Uniformly cut or cut or be ground.Further, after carrying out Even Grinding in an axial direction to the covering of plug in step 3),
Grinding surface is polished and is ground;Mechanical outer circle polishing and polishing are carried out to the polarization-preserving fiber preform after stretching in step 4)
Later, it is ground.
Further, for pure quartz glass diamond shape internal sheath, the ratio between long and short shaft length of diamond shape f is ranging from
2:1~6:1.It is possible to further by polarization-preserving fiber preform stretch tower on high temperature collapsing, be drawn into a complete polarization-maintaining
Prefabricated rods, polarization-maintaining prefabricated rods become standard outer circle structure by outer circle shaping.
The present invention also provides a kind of oval core polarization maintaining optical fibres, manufacture plug with chemical vapour deposition technique, plug includes covering
And sandwich layer, a diameter of 0.1~8mm of sandwich layer, doped chemical are germanium, relative fefractive index difference is 0.6%~1.5%;Cladding diameter with
Sandwich layer diameter ratio is 2:1~6:1, covering group is divided into that fluoro- germanium is co-doped with or single fluorine doped, refringence are -0.5%~0%;It makes
Cross section is the target rod of diamond structure, target rod is placed in the inside of quartz glass sleeve, target rod is coaxially set with quartz glass sleeve
It sets, quartz glass sleeve is deposited using outer pressure spray process, after the completion of deposition process, remove target rod, form pure quartz glass
Diamond shape internal sheath;The covering of plug is machined, plug is placed in post-depositional quartz glass sleeve, core is made
The rounded outer surface of the covering of stick and the inner surface of pure quartz glass diamond shape internal sheath are tangent, and combination constitutes polarization maintaining optical fiber preformed
Stick;To polarization-preserving fiber preform carry out collapsing processing, collapsing processing after stretched, to the polarization-preserving fiber preform after stretching into
Row machinery outer circle polishing and polishing, formed can wire drawing polarization-maintaining prefabricated rods, as shown in Figure 8;Polarization-maintaining prefabricated rods are drawn and are bored, cleaning,
At oval core polarization maintaining optical fibre, structure is as shown in Figure 1 for wire drawing.In the preferred embodiment, a diameter of 2.0mm of sandwich layer,
Doped chemical is germanium, relative fefractive index difference 1.2%;Its cladding diameter is 6.0mm, and covering group is divided into single fluorine doped, refringence
It is -0.5%.
Wherein, the covering of plug is machined, is specifically as follows and the covering of plug is uniformly cut in an axial direction
It cuts or cuts or be ground.Further, after carrying out Even Grinding in an axial direction to the covering of plug, grinding surface is polished and
Grinding;After carrying out mechanical outer circle polishing and polishing to the polarization-preserving fiber preform after stretching, it is ground.
Wherein, for pure quartz glass diamond shape internal sheath, ranging from the 2 of the ratio between long and short shaft length of diamond shape f:1~
6:1, specifically the ratio between long and short shaft length of its diamond shape f can select 3:1.Further, polarization-preserving fiber preform is being stretched
High temperature collapsing on tower is drawn into a complete polarization-maintaining prefabricated rods, and polarization-maintaining prefabricated rods become standard outer circle knot by outer circle shaping
Structure.
In the preferred embodiment, embodiment 1 is also provided:As shown in Fig. 2, used in oval core polarization maintaining optical fibre
Plug 4 includes the sandwich layer part 5 of high refractive index and the transition covering 6 compared with low-refraction, and covering 7 is pure quartz glass.Use change
It learns vapour deposition process and deposits plug, 5 part of center core layer is to mix germanium quartz glass, wherein germanium volume ratio is 1:2.32 having
Higher light refractive index, a diameter of c, transition covering 6 are that fluorine silicon is co-doped with quartz glass, wherein fluosilicic volume ratio is 1:0.25,
Refractive index is slightly lower compared with pure quartz glass, a diameter of d, and covering 7 is pure silicate glass, and a part is formed by chemical vapor deposition,
Another part is quartz liner material.As shown in figure 3, dotted line represents the plug profile before mechanical processing, deposition collapsing is completed
Plug outer circle be processed into 8, whole process is to grind away the part of covering 7, a diameter of e after grinding.It is handled using grinding and polishing,
The plug of Excircle machining is formed.
In the preferred embodiment, embodiment 2 is also provided:As shown in figure 4, diamond shape endoporus quartz socket tube 9 includes
The diamond shape endoporus 10 of pure silicon quartz glass 11 and rule.As shown in figure 3, the plug outer circle that deposition collapsing is completed is processed into 8, entirely
Process is to grind away the part of covering 7, a diameter of e after grinding.As shown in figure 5, the plug 8 of outer circle and polishing processing is placed in
Endoporus 10, at this time the outer circle of plug 8 match with the diamond-shaped cross-section of endoporus 10, formed combination prefabricated rods 12.As shown in fig. 6, protecting
Inclined preform 12 formed after collapsing can wire drawing polarization-maintaining prefabricated rods 13, wherein plug 8 formed ellipse by crimp
Circle structure 8, oval core area are germnium doped core floor 5, and transverse width is f, and oval transition clad region is fluorine silicon codoping layer 6, oval
Long axis width is g, and the transverse width that plug reserves pure silicon layer is h.As shown in fig. 7, the oval polarization-maintaining after collapsing is pre-
Stick 13 processed is oval structure shape, reams part of clad 11 by peripheral milling, the oval polarization-maintaining for forming standard outer circle structure is prefabricated
Stick, at this time a diameter of k of polarization-maintaining prefabricated rods.
In the preferred embodiment, embodiment 3 is also provided:As shown in Figure 2 and Figure 3, pass through chemical vapour deposition technique
Polarization-maintaining plug is deposited, 5 part of center core layer is to mix germanium quartz glass, has higher light refractive index, a diameter of c, transition packet
Layer 6 is that fluorine silicon is co-doped with quartz glass, and refractive index is slightly lower compared with pure quartz glass, a diameter of d, and covering 7 is pure silicate glass.Such as Fig. 5 institutes
Showing, the plug 8 of outer circle and polishing processing is placed in endoporus 10, and the outer circle of plug 8 matches with the diamond-shaped cross-section of endoporus 10 at this time,
Form combination prefabricated rods 12.As shown in fig. 6, polarization-preserving fiber preform 12 formed after collapsing can wire drawing polarization-maintaining prefabricated rods
13, wherein plug 8 forms oval structure 8 by crimp, and oval core area is germnium doped core floor 5, and transverse width is f, ellipse
Circle transition clad region is fluorine silicon codoping layer 6, and transverse width is g, and the transverse width that plug reserves pure silicon layer is h.Such as
Shown in Fig. 7, the oval polarization-maintaining prefabricated rods 13 after collapsing are oval structure shape, and part of clad 11 is reamed by peripheral milling,
The oval polarization-maintaining prefabricated rods 15 of formation standard outer circle structure, at this time a diameter of k of polarization-maintaining prefabricated rods 15.It can will protect if necessary
Inclined preform bar stretching is at smaller outer diameter prefabricated rods.As shown in Figure 1, the polarization maintaining optical fibre manufactured using this method is by optimizing fibre core 2
Axial ratio a:B, typical case is than being 2:1, it can obtain going out to clap length in operation wavelength 1310nm being less than 6mm, 2m cross-talks are more than
The polarization maintaining optical fibre of 25dB/km, decaying less than 1dB/km.The other parameters of the ellipse core polarization maintaining optical fibre meet related polarization maintaining optical fibre production
The standard of product.Related all-fiber current transformator, open-loop optical fiber gyro and high-precision optical fiber gyro field can be met completely
It is required that.
It should be understood that for those of ordinary skills, it can be modified or changed according to the above description,
And all these modifications and variations should all belong to the protection domain of appended claims of the present invention.