CN111290037B - Device and method for magnetic resonance nondestructive in-situ detection of underground organic pollutants - Google Patents
Device and method for magnetic resonance nondestructive in-situ detection of underground organic pollutants Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to a device and a method for detecting underground organic pollutants in situ without damage by magnetic resonanceCThree-component receiving coil devices and circuitry for controlling transmission and reception; the three-component receiving coil device comprises a receiving coil Rx, a receiving coil Ry and a receiving coil Rz, the three receiving coils are mutually vertical pairwise, the three coils are fixed in a cube with the side length of M, the receiving coil Rx is placed in parallel with the geomagnetic field and forms an angle alpha with the ground, and the angle alpha is the geomagnetic inclination angle of the measured ground; the receiving coil Rz is arranged perpendicular to the earth magnetic field; the receiving coil Ry is vertically arranged with the geomagnetic field and the ground and is used for inducing space noise; the transmitting coil TCFor generating an excitation magnetic field. The nuclear magnetic resonance theory is utilized to detect organic pollutants on a shallow surface layer (0-30m), and compared with the traditional analysis methods such as well drilling sampling, the method has the advantages of nondestructive, in-situ and efficient detection.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of geophysical exploration equipment, in particular to a device and a method for detecting underground organic pollutants in a magnetic resonance nondestructive in-situ mode.
Background
The detection and delineation of organic pollution areas are the premise of pollution control, most of the current organic pollutant detection is based on biological and chemical sampling, and needs to be carried to a laboratory for analysis, so that the problems of low efficiency, easy damage to geology in the well drilling sampling process, secondary pollution and the like exist. The ground magnetic resonance technology is a geophysical method which takes a geomagnetic field as a stable magnetic field, utilizes the nuclear magnetic resonance phenomenon generated after hydrogen protons are excited, and further detects substances containing hydrogen elements (such as underground water and hydrocarbon organic pollutants). At present, the technology is widely applied to underground water general investigation or advanced detection of tunnel disaster water sources. With the continuous and deep research, the ground magnetic resonance technology can also be used for detecting organic pollutants on a shallow surface layer (0-30m), and compared with the traditional analysis methods such as well drilling sampling, the method has the advantages of nondestructive and in-situ detection.
However, the conventional magnetic resonance apparatus and detection method for detecting groundwater directly cannot be directly applied to organic pollutant detection. The specific technical difficulties mainly include: firstly, organic pollutants are substances containing hydrogen elements like underground water, and traditionally, all magnetic resonance signals are roughly regarded as signals generated by the underground water (the working site aiming at exploring the underground water is basically in the field, and the organic pollutants are basically not generated), so that more signal parameters need to be detected to distinguish the two substances; and secondly, the organic pollutants are limited by the quantity of the organic pollutants, the generated magnetic resonance signals are weaker, the magnetic resonance signals are only dozens of nV to hundreds of nV compared with the magnetic resonance signals generated by the traditional underground water detection, the extremely weak signals always limit the main bottleneck of reliable application of the technology, and compared with the underground water, the organic pollutants are smaller in distribution area, the generated signals are also smaller, and the detection difficulty is also higher.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problem of providing a device and a method for detecting underground organic pollutants in situ without damage by magnetic resonance, and solving the problem that the traditional drilling sampling is easy to damage geology and cause secondary pollution.
The present invention is achieved in such a way that,
an apparatus for magnetic resonance non-destructive in situ detection of underground organic contaminants, the apparatus comprising:
transmitting coil TCThree-component receiving coil devices and circuitry for controlling transmission and reception;
the three-component receiving coil device comprises a receiving coil Rx, a receiving coil Ry and a receiving coil Rz, the three receiving coils are mutually vertical pairwise, the three coils are fixed on a cube with the side length of M, the receiving coil Rx is placed in parallel with a geomagnetic field and forms an angle alpha with the ground, wherein the angle alpha is a geomagnetic inclination angle of the measured ground and is used for receiving and extracting transverse relaxation time T2The data of (a); the receiving coil Rz is arranged perpendicular to the earth magnetic field and is used for receiving and extracting the longitudinal relaxation time T1The data of (a); the receiving coil Ry is vertically arranged with the geomagnetic field and the ground and is used for inducing space noise; the transmitting coil TCThe magnetic field generator is a square structure with the side length of L, is parallel to the ground and is used for generating an excitation magnetic field.
Further, a transmitting coil TCThe side length L is more than or equal to 2M.
Further, the circuitry includes:
the system comprises a DC-DC power supply module, a main control circuit module, an H-bridge circuit module, a PC upper computer, a multi-channel AD acquisition card, a multi-channel parallel signal amplification conditioning circuit module and a multi-channel parallel high-voltage fast switch, wherein the storage battery supplies power; wherein the content of the first and second substances,
the PC upper computer starts transmitting and collecting through the main control circuit module;
the main control circuit module adjusts the output current of the DC-DC power supply module, the output current is sequentially increased from small to large, alternating current pulses with the to-be-detected Delauer frequency are generated through the H-bridge circuit module, and the alternating current pulses are transmitted through the transmitting coil TCThe excitation of organic pollutants at different depths is realized, and nuclear magnetic resonance response is generated;
after the transmission of the main control circuit module is completely switched off, the multi-path parallel high-voltage fast switch is started to be switched on and switched off, the receiving coil Rx, the receiving coil Ry and the receiving coil Rz are accessed, and signals induced by the three receiving coils are processed by the multi-path parallel signal amplification conditioning circuit module and then input into the multi-channel AD acquisition card;
the main control circuit module starts the multi-channel parallel high-voltage fast switch, starts the multi-channel AD acquisition card to work, and uploads the acquired data to the PC upper computer.
A method for nondestructive in-situ detection of underground organic pollutants by magnetic resonance comprises the following steps:
a. inquiring the geomagnetic field intensity, direction and geomagnetic inclination angle of a to-be-detected place in a geomagnetic monitoring center website;
b. laying a transmitting coil, and placing a three-component receiving coil in the center of the transmitting coil in parallel, wherein the three-component receiving coil comprises a connectorThe receiving coil Rx, the receiving coil Ry and the receiving coil Rz are perpendicular to each other in pairs, the three receiving coils are fixed on a cube with the side length of M, the receiving coil Rx is placed in parallel with the geomagnetic field and forms an angle of alpha with the ground, and the receiving coil Rx is used for receiving and extracting transverse relaxation time T2The data of (a); the receiving coil Rz is arranged perpendicular to the earth magnetic field and is used for receiving and extracting the longitudinal relaxation time T1The data of (a); the receiving coil Ry is vertically arranged with the geomagnetic field and the ground and is used for inducing space noise; the transmitting coil TCThe magnetic field excitation device is a square structure with the side length of L, is parallel to the ground and is used for generating an excitation magnetic field, the Rx surface of a receiving coil is parallel to the ground, and the center of the Rx surface of the receiving coil is overlapped with the center of a transmitting coil;
c. measuring the geomagnetic inclination angle by using a universal angle ruler, and placing and fixing the three-component receiving coil according to the geomagnetic inclination angle;
d. according to the detection depth, the detection area and the detection precision, working parameters including the number of the transmitted pulse moments, the minimum value and the maximum value of the pulse moments and the superposition times are set through a PC upper computer;
d. after parameter setting is finished, starting work, wherein in each working period, the emission current is calculated according to the pulse moments, the DC-DC power supply module is adjusted to output a corresponding current value, emission is started, acquisition is started after emission and reception, and the work is circulated continuously until corresponding superposition times are finished, and the next pulse moment is carried out, the current value is adjusted, emission is started, and acquisition is started until all the pulse moments are finished;
e. processing data acquired by the three-component receiving coil, respectively extracting transverse relaxation time and longitudinal relaxation time, making 2-dimensional maps of the transverse relaxation time and the longitudinal relaxation time under different pulse moments, and judging whether underground organic pollutants are contained;
f. and finally, extracting initial amplitudes of signals acquired by the three-component receiving coil under different pulse moments, and determining the content of underground organic pollutants at different depths by combining the initial amplitudes.
Further, in the step f, the content of the underground organic pollutants at different depths is determined according to the initial amplitudes of the signals acquired by the receiving coil Rx and the receiving coil Rz and by combining the initial amplitudes.
Furthermore, in the step e, the data collected by the receiving coil Ry is used as reference noise, adaptive reference denoising filtering is respectively performed on the data collected by the receiving coil Rx and the data collected by the receiving coil Rz, signals with high signal-to-noise ratio are obtained through average superposition, and finally, the transverse relaxation time and the longitudinal relaxation time are respectively extracted from the two signals.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
(1) the invention utilizes the nuclear magnetic resonance theory to detect the organic pollutants on the shallow surface layer (0-30m), and has the advantages of no damage, in-situ and high-efficiency detection compared with the traditional analysis methods such as well drilling sampling and the like;
(2) the invention provides a three-dimensional detection structure, which can directly obtain transverse relaxation time T2 and longitudinal relaxation time T1, and further distinguish the three-dimensional detection structure from underground water according to relaxation characteristics of organic pollutants in a region to be detected, and the three-dimensional detection structure is not limited to detection of the organic pollutants and can also carry out fine measurement on shallow underground water;
(3) the invention adopts the detection device parallel to the direction of the geomagnetic field, can eliminate the influence of the geomagnetic inclination angle on the detection signal, improves the amplitude of the magnetic resonance signal and improves the signal-to-noise ratio from the source end.
Drawings
FIG. 1 shows the movement states of hydrogen proton magnetic moments after excitation (a) and after excitation (b) by AC pulses;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the structure and coil laying of a magnetic resonance nondestructive in-situ detection device for underground organic pollutants according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the laying of the receiving coil parallel to the geomagnetic field in the magnetic resonance nondestructive in-situ detection apparatus provided by the embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic circuit system diagram of a magnetic resonance nondestructive in-situ detection apparatus for underground organic pollutants according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is further described in detail with reference to the following embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention.
As shown in fig. 1, the hydrogen proton generation nmr includes three processes: before excitation, the hydrogen protons are in a stable state with their magnetic moments in the earth's magnetic field B0The directions are consistent; during excitation, the magnetic moment of the hydrogen proton is pulled down along the direction vertical to the geomagnetic field; after the excitation is finished, the magnetic moment of the hydrogen proton returns to the equilibrium state, and a nuclear magnetic resonance signal is generated in the returning process, namely an emission relaxation process, along the direction perpendicular to the geomagnetic field B0The time taken from the end of excitation until the magnetic moment in that direction becomes zero becomes the transverse relaxation time T2Along the earth magnetic field B0The magnetic moment of (2) gradually increases, and the time taken from the end of excitation to the moment in the direction at which the magnetic moment becomes maximum becomes the longitudinal relaxation time T1. Because the underground water and the organic pollutants both contain hydrogen elements, the traditional magnetic resonance underground water detection device can only measure the transverse relaxation time T due to the limitation of the structure of the device2And transverse relaxation time T of groundwater and organic pollutants2Are identical over a large distribution and cannot be identified. The 2-dimensional distribution of water and organic contaminants of different porosities is clearly distinguishable in transverse and longitudinal relaxation times. Therefore, in order to determine which substance is included in the detected nuclear magnetic resonance signal, it is necessary to extract more signal parameters.
As shown in fig. 2, the magnetic resonance nondestructive in-situ detection apparatus for underground organic pollutants comprises: transmitting coil TCA three-component receive coil arrangement and circuitry to control the transmission and reception.
The three-component receiving coil device comprises a receiving coil Rx, a receiving coil Ry and a receiving coil Rz, wherein the three receiving coils are mutually vertical pairwise, and are fixed in a cube with the side length of M, namely the side length of each coil is M;
as shown in fig. 3, the receiving coil Rx is disposed parallel to the geomagnetic field and forms an angle α with the ground, which is the geomagnetic inclination angleThe laying mode can improve the amplitude of the magnetic resonance signal induced by the receiving coil Rx, compared with the traditional receiving coil directly laid on the ground, the signal amplitude is improved by 1/sin (alpha), and the transverse relaxation time T can be extracted by processing the signal in the receiving coil Rx2；
The receiving coil Rz is arranged perpendicular to the earth magnetic field, i.e. the receiving coil Rz can directly obtain the earth magnetic field B0A directional magnetic resonance signal containing a parametric longitudinal relaxation time T1The longitudinal relaxation time T can be extracted by data processing of the signals in the receiving coil Rz1；
The receiving coil Ry is vertically arranged with the geomagnetic field and the ground, and mainly induces space noise to be used as reference noise elimination in later data processing;
transmitting coil TCThe magnetic field generator is a directional structure with the side length of L, is parallel to the ground and is used for generating an excitation magnetic field, wherein L is more than or equal to 2M so as to ensure that the excitation field at the position of a receiving coil is a uniform field;
as shown in FIG. 4, the circuit system of the magnetic resonance nondestructive in-situ detection device for underground organic pollutants comprises a storage battery 1, a DC-DC power supply module 2, a main control circuit module 3, an H-bridge circuit module 4 and a transmitting coil TC5. The device comprises a PC upper computer 6, a multi-channel AD acquisition card 7, a multi-channel parallel signal amplification conditioning circuit module 8, a receiving coil Rx 9, a receiving coil Ry 10, a receiving coil Rz 11 and a multi-channel parallel high-voltage fast switch 12.
The PC upper computer 6 starts emission and collection through the main control circuit module 3;
the main control circuit module 3 regulates the output current of the DC-DC power supply module 2 to increase from small to large, generates alternating current pulse with the to-be-detected Delauer frequency through the H-bridge circuit module 4, and transmits the alternating current pulse through the transmitting coil TC5, excitation of organic pollutants at different depths is realized, and nuclear magnetic resonance response is generated;
after the transmission of the main control circuit module 3 is completely cut off, a multi-path parallel high-voltage fast switch 12 is started to be closed, a receiving coil Rx 9, a receiving coil Ry 10 and a receiving coil Rz 11 are connected, and signals induced by the three receiving coils are processed by a multi-path parallel signal amplification conditioning circuit module 8 and then input into a multi-channel AD acquisition card 7;
the main control circuit module 3 starts the multi-channel parallel high-voltage fast switch 12, simultaneously starts the multi-channel AD acquisition card 7 to work, and uploads the acquired data to the PC upper computer 6.
The embodiment of the invention provides a magnetic resonance nondestructive in-situ detection method for underground organic pollutants, which specifically comprises the following steps:
a. inquiring the geomagnetic intensity, the direction and the geomagnetic inclination angle of a to-be-detected place in a geomagnetic monitoring center website;
b. laying a transmitting coil, and placing a three-component receiving coil at the center of the transmitting coil;
c. measuring the geomagnetic inclination angle by using a universal angle ruler, and placing and fixing a receiving coil according to the geomagnetic inclination angle;
d. according to the detection depth, the detection area and the detection precision, working parameters including the number of the transmitted pulse moments, the minimum value and the maximum value of the pulse moments and the superposition times are set through a PC upper computer;
d. after parameter setting is finished, starting work, wherein in each working period, the emission current is calculated according to the pulse moments, the DC-DC power supply module is adjusted to output a corresponding current value, emission is started, acquisition is started after emission and reception, and the work is circulated continuously until corresponding superposition times are finished, and the next pulse moment is carried out, the current value is adjusted, emission is started, and acquisition is started until all the pulse moments are finished;
e. processing data collected by a receiving coil Rx and a receiving coil Rz by combining data collected by a receiving coil Ry, respectively extracting transverse relaxation time and longitudinal relaxation time, making 2-dimensional maps of the transverse relaxation time and the longitudinal relaxation time under different pulse moments, and judging whether underground organic pollutants exist;
f. and finally, extracting the initial amplitudes of the signals acquired by the receiving coil Rx and the receiving coil Rz under different pulse moments, and determining the content of the underground organic pollutants at different depths by combining the initial amplitudes.
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents and improvements made within the spirit and principle of the present invention are intended to be included within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (4)
1. An apparatus for nondestructive in situ magnetic resonance detection of underground organic contaminants, the apparatus comprising:
transmitting coil TCThree-component receiving coil devices and circuitry for controlling transmission and reception;
the three-component receiving coil device comprises a receiving coil Rx, a receiving coil Ry and a receiving coil Rz, the three receiving coils are mutually vertical pairwise, the three coils are fixed on a cube with the side length of M, the receiving coil Rx is placed in parallel with a geomagnetic field and forms an angle alpha with the ground, wherein the angle alpha is a geomagnetic inclination angle of the measured ground and is used for receiving and extracting transverse relaxation time T2The data of (a); the receiving coil Rz is arranged perpendicular to the earth magnetic field and is used for receiving and extracting the longitudinal relaxation time T1The data of (a); the receiving coil Ry is vertically arranged with the geomagnetic field and the ground and is used for inducing space noise; the transmitting coil TCThe magnetic field generator is a square structure with the side length of L, is parallel to the ground and is used for generating an excitation magnetic field;
the circuit system includes:
the system comprises a DC-DC power supply module, a main control circuit module, an H-bridge circuit module, a PC upper computer, a multi-channel AD acquisition card, a multi-channel parallel signal amplification conditioning circuit module and a multi-channel parallel high-voltage fast switch, wherein the storage battery supplies power; wherein the content of the first and second substances,
the PC upper computer starts transmitting and collecting through the main control circuit module;
the main control circuit module adjusts the output current of the DC-DC power supply module, the output current is sequentially increased from small to large, alternating current pulses with the to-be-detected Delauer frequency are generated through the H-bridge circuit module, and the alternating current pulses are transmitted through the transmitting coil TCThe excitation of organic pollutants at different depths is realized, and nuclear magnetic resonance response is generated;
after the transmission of the main control circuit module is completely switched off, the multi-path parallel high-voltage fast switch is started to be switched on and switched off, the receiving coil Rx, the receiving coil Ry and the receiving coil Rz are accessed, and signals induced by the three receiving coils are processed by the multi-path parallel signal amplification conditioning circuit module and then input into the multi-channel AD acquisition card;
the main control circuit module starts the multi-channel parallel high-voltage fast switch, starts the multi-channel AD acquisition card to work, and uploads the acquired data to the PC upper computer.
2. Device according to claim 1, characterized in that the transmitter coil TCThe side length L is more than or equal to 2M.
3. A method for nondestructive in-situ detection of underground organic pollutants by magnetic resonance, which is characterized by comprising the following steps:
a. inquiring the geomagnetic field intensity, direction and geomagnetic inclination angle of a to-be-detected place in a geomagnetic monitoring center website;
b. laying a transmitting coil, placing three-component receiving coils in parallel at the center of the transmitting coil, wherein the three-component receiving coils comprise a receiving coil Rx, a receiving coil Ry and a receiving coil Rz, the three receiving coils are mutually perpendicular in pairs, the three coils are fixed on a cube with the side length of M, the receiving coil Rx is placed in parallel with a geomagnetic field and forms an angle of alpha with the ground, and the receiving coil Rx is used for receiving and extracting transverse relaxation time T2The data of (a); the receiving coil Rz is arranged perpendicular to the earth magnetic field and is used for receiving and extracting the longitudinal relaxation time T1The data of (a); the receiving coil Ry is vertically arranged with the geomagnetic field and the ground and is used for inducing space noise; the transmitting coil TCThe magnetic field excitation device is a square structure with the side length of L, is parallel to the ground and is used for generating an excitation magnetic field, the Rx surface of a receiving coil is parallel to the ground, and the center of the Rx surface of the receiving coil is overlapped with the center of a transmitting coil;
c. measuring the geomagnetic inclination angle by using a universal angle ruler, and placing and fixing the three-component receiving coil according to the geomagnetic inclination angle;
d. according to the detection depth, the detection area and the detection precision, working parameters including the number of the transmitted pulse moments, the minimum value and the maximum value of the pulse moments and the superposition times are set through a PC upper computer;
d. after parameter setting is finished, starting work, wherein in each working period, the emission current is calculated according to the pulse moments, the DC-DC power supply module is adjusted to output a corresponding current value, emission is started, acquisition is started after emission and reception, and the work is circulated continuously until corresponding superposition times are finished, and the next pulse moment is carried out, the current value is adjusted, emission is started, and acquisition is started until all the pulse moments are finished;
e. processing data acquired by the three-component receiving coil, respectively extracting transverse relaxation time and longitudinal relaxation time, making 2-dimensional maps of the transverse relaxation time and the longitudinal relaxation time under different pulse moments, and judging whether underground organic pollutants are contained;
f. finally, extracting initial amplitudes of signals acquired by the three-component receiving coil under different pulse moments, and determining the content of underground organic pollutants at different depths by combining the initial amplitudes;
in the step e, data collected by the receiving coil Ry is used as reference noise, adaptive reference noise elimination filtering is respectively carried out on the data collected by the receiving coil Rx and the data collected by the receiving coil Rz, signals with high signal-to-noise ratio are obtained through average superposition, and finally transverse relaxation time and longitudinal relaxation time are respectively extracted from the two signals.
4. The method of claim 3, wherein in step f, the contents of organic contaminants in the subsurface at different depths are determined based on the initial amplitudes of the signals acquired by the receiver coils Rx and Rz, combined with the initial amplitudes.
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| CN111999774A (en) * | 2020-08-12 | 2020-11-27 | 吉林大学 | Ground-well combined three-dimensional magnetic resonance depth measurement device and method |
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