CN111287798A - Piston type expansion machine with unit steam admission amount and expansion ratio adjustable - Google Patents
Piston type expansion machine with unit steam admission amount and expansion ratio adjustable Download PDFInfo
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- CN111287798A CN111287798A CN202010334714.1A CN202010334714A CN111287798A CN 111287798 A CN111287798 A CN 111287798A CN 202010334714 A CN202010334714 A CN 202010334714A CN 111287798 A CN111287798 A CN 111287798A
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- swash plate
- actuator
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01B—MACHINES OR ENGINES, IN GENERAL OR OF POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT TYPE, e.g. STEAM ENGINES
- F01B3/00—Reciprocating-piston machines or engines with cylinder axes coaxial with, or parallel or inclined to, main shaft axis
- F01B3/0032—Reciprocating-piston machines or engines with cylinder axes coaxial with, or parallel or inclined to, main shaft axis having rotary cylinder block
- F01B3/0035—Reciprocating-piston machines or engines with cylinder axes coaxial with, or parallel or inclined to, main shaft axis having rotary cylinder block having two or more sets of cylinders or pistons
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01B—MACHINES OR ENGINES, IN GENERAL OR OF POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT TYPE, e.g. STEAM ENGINES
- F01B3/00—Reciprocating-piston machines or engines with cylinder axes coaxial with, or parallel or inclined to, main shaft axis
- F01B3/0032—Reciprocating-piston machines or engines with cylinder axes coaxial with, or parallel or inclined to, main shaft axis having rotary cylinder block
- F01B3/0044—Component parts, details, e.g. valves, sealings, lubrication
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01B—MACHINES OR ENGINES, IN GENERAL OR OF POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT TYPE, e.g. STEAM ENGINES
- F01B3/00—Reciprocating-piston machines or engines with cylinder axes coaxial with, or parallel or inclined to, main shaft axis
- F01B3/10—Control of working-fluid admission or discharge peculiar thereto
- F01B3/103—Control of working-fluid admission or discharge peculiar thereto for machines with rotary cylinder block
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01B—MACHINES OR ENGINES, IN GENERAL OR OF POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT TYPE, e.g. STEAM ENGINES
- F01B3/00—Reciprocating-piston machines or engines with cylinder axes coaxial with, or parallel or inclined to, main shaft axis
- F01B3/10—Control of working-fluid admission or discharge peculiar thereto
- F01B3/103—Control of working-fluid admission or discharge peculiar thereto for machines with rotary cylinder block
- F01B3/106—Control of working-fluid admission or discharge peculiar thereto for machines with rotary cylinder block by changing the inclination of the swash plate
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01B—MACHINES OR ENGINES, IN GENERAL OR OF POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT TYPE, e.g. STEAM ENGINES
- F01B31/00—Component parts, details, or accessories not provided for in, or of interest apart from, other groups
- F01B31/10—Lubricating arrangements of steam engines
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Compressors, Vaccum Pumps And Other Relevant Systems (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to a piston type expansion machine with adjustable unit steam intake and expansion ratio, which comprises a shell and a cylinder cover arranged at one end of the shell, wherein a rotary cylinder which is close to the cylinder cover is arranged in the shell, a plurality of piston holes are uniformly arranged on the rotary cylinder along the circumferential axial direction, pistons which can axially move are arranged in the piston holes, a steam intake pipe and a steam exhaust pipe which can be sequentially communicated with any one piston hole are arranged on the cylinder cover, a power output shaft is arranged at one end of the rotary cylinder in a central penetrating manner, an adjustable swash plate is also arranged in the shell, a working inclined plane at one end of the adjustable swash plate is in matched contact with an inclined plane of a piston sliding shoe at one end of each piston, and the upper end and the lower end of the other end of the. The invention can respectively change the limit range of the axial movement of each piston in the rotary cylinder, thereby realizing the independent adjustment of the steam inlet volume and the expanded steam flashing volume to adapt to the fluctuation of the heat energy and the rotating speed of the working machine, and no transmission is needed to be connected with the working machine.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of expansion machines, in particular to a piston type expansion machine with adjustable unit steam admission quantity and expansion ratio.
Background
The expander is a machine which utilizes the expansion of gas with certain pressure to output mechanical work externally, and is mainly used for recovering low-grade energy. The expander and the compressor are named according to different use conditions or functions, the use conditions of the compressor are driven by power, and the compressor has the function of compressing low-pressure gas into high-pressure gas; the expander is used under the condition that high-pressure steam is introduced, low-pressure steam is obtained from the outlet and pushes the rotor to rotate, and the expander has the function of outputting power outwards.
Expansion machines are generally classified into two types according to the operation mode: one is an expander (such as turbine expander) which can do work outwards at the speed of the steam, and the other is an expander (such as piston expander, screw expander, rotary vane expander, etc.) which can do work outwards by the expansion of the steam in the variable volume of the equipment.
The principle of the piston type expansion machine is that high-temperature and high-pressure gas is introduced to enable a piston to move axially, and the axial movement of the piston acts on a crankshaft to drive the crankshaft to rotate, so that power output is achieved.
The expansion ratio of most of the existing expansion machines is designed according to ideal working conditions, and when the expansion machines are in operation, because some energy sources are supplied with fluctuation, the working conditions (including pressure and temperature) of the inlet steam of the expansion machines are changed or the working conditions (including pressure and temperature) of the outlet steam are not matched with the original expansion ratio, and the over-expansion and under-expansion conditions can be caused. When the pressure of the steam at the inlet of the expansion machine is higher than the design pressure or the pressure of the steam at the outlet is lower than the design pressure, under-expansion can occur; over-expansion can occur when the expander inlet vapor pressure is below the design pressure or the expander outlet pressure is above the design pressure. Both of the above conditions result in a reduction in expander efficiency.
The applicant previously applied an expansion ratio adjustable piston type expander, an adjustable swash plate is arranged in the expander, the swash plate can move axially to adjust the expansion ratio, the thermal efficiency of the expander can be ensured, but the rotating speed and the torque required by some working machines also fluctuate in use, so that a transmission is required to be matched between the expander and the working machines to keep the optimal efficiency of the expander and meet the rotating speed and the torque requirements of the working machines (for example, a fuel automobile engine needs the transmission to drive wheels), if the piston type expander can randomly adjust the steam inlet volume of a steam inlet volume cavity and the expanded steam flashing volume of a steam flashing volume cavity, the purpose that the output rotating speed of the expander adapts to the fluctuation of the rotating speed of the working machines at a certain time can be realized, the fluctuation of the heat energy input power can be adapted when the rotating speed of the working machines and the expander is fixed, the better expansion ratio of the expander can be kept when the heat energy input power and the rotating speed both, there is a need for an improvement of the original piston expander.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problem of providing a piston type expansion machine with adjustable unit steam intake and expansion ratio, which can adjust the inclination of an adjustable swash plate and the distance between the adjustable swash plate and a cylinder cover, thereby changing the limit range of axial movement of each piston in a rotary cylinder, realizing independent adjustment of steam intake volume and expanded flashing volume, adapting to the fluctuation of the rotating speed and heat energy input of a working machine and keeping the better expansion ratio of the expansion machine.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the technical problems is as follows: the piston type expansion machine with the adjustable unit steam intake and expansion ratio comprises a shell and a cylinder cover arranged at one end of the shell, wherein a rotary cylinder leaning against the cylinder cover is arranged in the shell, a plurality of piston holes are uniformly formed in the rotary cylinder along the circumferential axial direction, axially movable pistons are arranged in the piston holes, a steam intake pipe and a steam exhaust pipe which can be sequentially communicated with any piston hole are arranged on the cylinder cover, a power output shaft penetrates through one end of the rotary cylinder in the middle, an adjustable swash plate is further arranged in the shell, a working inclined plane at one end of the adjustable swash plate is in matched contact with an inclined plane of a piston sliding shoe at one end of each piston, the upper end and the lower end of the other end of the adjustable swash plate are respectively connected with a steam intake volume actuator and an expansion ratio actuator, and the upper end and the lower end of the adjustable swash plate are respectively corresponding to the steam intake end and a steam flooding end of the rotary cylinder, the described admission volume actuator and expansion ratio actuator can be independently operated to regulate the distance between the adjustable swash plate and cylinder head and the inclination of the adjustable swash plate, i.e. the limited range of axial movement of each piston in the rotating cylinder.
The main principle of the invention is that a steam inlet pipe and a steam distribution groove introduce high-temperature and high-pressure working medium steam into a piston hole configured in a rotary cylinder, wherein the piston hole at the steam inlet position is matched with a piston and a cylinder cover to form a steam inlet volume cavity, the high-temperature and high-pressure working medium steam enters the piston hole to enable the corresponding piston to generate thrust, the axial thrust of the piston acts on a smooth working inclined plane of an adjustable swash plate through a smooth inclined plane of a piston sliding shoe, lubricating oil is distributed on the two interacting inclined planes and is smooth, so the force of the piston sliding shoe acting on the adjustable swash plate is decomposed to generate a part of lateral sliding force (from high to low along the working inclined plane of the adjustable swash plate), the lateral sliding force is reversely acted on the rotary cylinder to form rotary torque to push the rotary cylinder and a power output shaft to rotate, and mechanical energy is output to an external magnetic coupling.
When the piston hole of the rotary cylinder moves to the steam exhaust groove of the cylinder cover, the working inclined plane of the adjustable swash plate pushes the piston to move towards the cylinder cover through the piston sliding shoe under the action of the rotary moment, and the working steam (low-temperature and low-pressure working medium steam) after acting is exhausted to the steam exhaust pipe through the steam exhaust groove, so that the rotary cylinder can continuously rotate to form a working cycle. The corresponding piston hole before the connection with the steam exhaust groove is matched with the piston and the cylinder cover to form a steam-bleeding volume cavity, and the volume ratio between the steam-bleeding volume cavity and the steam inlet volume cavity is the expansion ratio.
The axis of the adjustable swash plate shaft of the invention is basically vertical to the axis of the steam inlet volume cavity, so that the steam inlet volume cavity can be basically unchanged under the condition of single expansion ratio, and the adjustment principle of the expansion ratio is as follows: when the pressure value of the flashing volume cavity after the steam expansion is lower than the pressure value of the steam exhaust pipe and exceeds the required range, the working medium steam overexpanses, the expansion ratio actuator drives the lower end of the adjustable swash plate and the piston to move towards the cylinder cover, at the moment, the flashing volume cavity becomes smaller by a certain amount, the steam inlet volume cavity is basically unchanged, at the moment, the pressure value of the flashing volume cavity after the steam expansion is increased, the pressure value of the steam exhaust pipe is restored to the required range, and the working medium steam overexpansion phenomenon disappears.
Similarly, when the pressure value of the flashing volume cavity after the steam expansion is higher than the pressure value of the steam exhaust pipe and exceeds the required range, the working medium steam is underexpanded, the expansion ratio actuator drives the lower end of the adjustable swash plate and the piston to move towards the direction far away from the cylinder cover, the flashing volume cavity is enlarged by a certain amount at the moment, the steam inlet volume cavity is basically unchanged, the pressure value of the flashing volume cavity after the steam expansion is reduced and the pressure value of the steam exhaust pipe is restored to the required range, and the working medium steam underexpansion phenomenon disappears.
Through the adjustment, the over-expansion or under-expansion of the working medium steam in the piston type expansion machine is avoided, and the heat efficiency of the piston type expansion machine is ensured.
In addition, the working medium steam pressure and temperature need to be kept constant, which is one of the reasons for ensuring the better heat efficiency of the expansion machine, the input power of the expansion machine is in direct proportion to the power of a heat source, and the input power of the expansion machine = enthalpy of unit steam inlet amount multiplied by rotating speed.
When the rotating speed of the working machine and the rotating speed of the expansion machine are constant, and the heat energy input power of the expansion machine tends to be increased when the steam temperature of the working medium tends to rise, the steam inlet volume actuator drives the upper end of the adjustable swash plate and the piston to move towards the direction far away from the cylinder cover, the volume of the steam inlet volume cavity is increased, the unit steam inlet quantity is increased, the steam temperature of the working medium is reduced to the required range, and the increase of the input power is adapted. At the moment, the expansion ratio actuator synchronously drives the lower end of the adjustable swash plate and the piston to move towards the direction far away from the cylinder cover, the steam-bleeding volume cavity is enlarged until the pressure sensor detects that the pressure difference between the steam-bleeding pressure and the steam exhaust pipe after expansion is recovered to a required range, and the better expansion ratio is continuously maintained.
When the rotation speed of the working machine and the expander is constant, and the heat energy input power of the expander is reduced when the steam temperature of the working medium tends to decrease, the steam inlet volume actuator drives the upper end of the adjustable swash plate and the piston to move towards the cylinder cover, the volume of the steam inlet volume cavity is reduced, the steam inlet unit is reduced, the steam temperature of the working medium is increased to a required range, and the reduction of the input power is adapted. At the moment, the expansion ratio actuator synchronously drives the lower end of the adjustable swash plate and the piston to move towards the direction of the cylinder cover, the steam-bleeding volume cavity becomes small until the pressure sensor detects that the pressure difference between the steam-bleeding pressure and the steam exhaust pipe after expansion is recovered to a required range, and the better expansion ratio is continuously maintained.
When the heat energy input of the expansion machine is constant and the rotation speed of the expansion machine is reduced to adapt to the working machine, the steam inlet volume actuator drives the upper end of the adjustable swash plate and the piston to move towards the direction away from the cylinder cover, the volume of the steam inlet volume cavity is increased, the unit steam inlet quantity is increased, and the total steam inlet quantity is kept constant when the rotation speed of the expansion machine is reduced. At the moment, the expansion ratio actuator synchronously drives the lower end of the adjustable swash plate and the piston to move towards the direction far away from the cylinder cover, the steam-bleeding volume cavity is enlarged until the pressure sensor detects that the pressure difference between the steam-bleeding pressure and the steam exhaust pipe after expansion is recovered to a required range, and the better expansion ratio is continuously maintained.
When the heat energy input of the expansion machine is constant and the rotating speed of the expansion machine is increased to adapt to the increase of the rotating speed of the working machine, the steam inlet volume actuator drives the upper end of the adjustable swash plate and the piston to move towards the direction of the cylinder cover, the volume of the steam inlet volume cavity is reduced, the unit steam inlet quantity is reduced, and the total steam inlet quantity is kept constant when the rotating speed of the expansion machine is increased. At the moment, the expansion ratio actuator synchronously drives the lower end of the adjustable swash plate and the piston to move towards the direction of the cylinder cover, the steam-bleeding volume cavity becomes small until the pressure sensor detects that the pressure difference between the steam-bleeding pressure and the steam exhaust pipe after expansion is recovered to a required range, and the better expansion ratio is continuously maintained.
Through the adjustment, the piston type expansion machine is more suitable for various fluctuations of the working machine and heat energy input, the expansion machine and the working machine are matched without a transmission, the mechanical efficiency is improved, and the manufacturing and running cost is reduced.
Preferably, the steam inlet volume actuator and the expansion ratio actuator both comprise a worm and gear mechanism and a screw driven to rotate by the worm and gear mechanism, wherein the screw of the steam inlet volume actuator is matched with an adjusting threaded hole on an actuating beam of the steam inlet volume actuator in the steam inlet volume actuator, the screw of the expansion ratio actuator is matched with an adjusting threaded hole on a guide sliding block of an actuating beam of the expansion ratio actuator arranged on the side wall of a casing, the actuating beam of the steam inlet volume actuator and the actuating beam of the expansion ratio actuator are respectively connected with the upper end and the lower end of an adjustable swash plate, and the actuating beam of the steam inlet volume actuator and the actuating beam of the expansion ratio actuator are driven by the screw to translate so as to adjust the inclination of the adjustable swash plate and the distance.
In fact, the structure of the adjusting mechanism is many, and the driving wheel sleeved outside the screw shaft of the screw rod can also be driven by other ways, such as a gear, a chain, a belt, etc., and of course, the precision of the worm and gear mechanism is higher.
The steam inlet volume actuator action beam is connected with an adjustable swash plate shaft at the upper end of an adjustable swash plate through a shaft hole, and the adjustable swash plate can rotate on the steam inlet volume actuator action beam by a certain angle through the shaft hole.
The expansion ratio actuator comprises an expansion ratio actuator action beam, one end of the expansion ratio actuator action beam is provided with a guide sliding block, and the expansion ratio actuator action beam is inserted into an expansion ratio actuator beam hole at the lower end of the adjustable swash plate.
The adjustable swash plate is characterized in that return plate limiting grooves are symmetrically formed in two sides of a working inclined plane, which is in contact with the piston sliding shoes, of the adjustable swash plate, return plates in sliding fit with the adjustable swash plate are arranged between the return plate limiting grooves, limiting holes corresponding to the pistons and the piston sliding shoes are formed in the return plates, the diameters of the bottom edges of the piston sliding shoes are larger than the diameters of the limiting holes, the piston sliding shoes are limited in gaps between the adjustable swash plate and the return plates, and axial movement of the pistons and the piston sliding shoes is controlled.
One end of the piston is rotatably connected with the piston sliding shoe, a lubricating oil groove is formed in the end face of the piston sliding shoe, and the lubricating oil groove and lubricating oil provided by the lubricating oil groove of the adjustable swash plate in the working inclined surface of the adjustable swash plate act on the working inclined surface to form oil film lubrication.
Preferably, a steam distribution groove is arranged at a position, corresponding to the piston hole, of one end of the steam inlet pipe, the steam distribution groove is in a radially arranged long strip shape so as to improve the steam inlet speed, and the steam distribution groove deviates from the upper dead point of the piston by a certain angle towards the rotating direction, so that the expansion machine is convenient to start. The inner wall of the cylinder cover is provided with an exhaust groove which can be communicated with a plurality of piston holes at the same time, the flashing speed of the whole exhaust stroke rotating cylinder and the piston which need to rotate to enable the piston to enter the exhaust groove at an angle of nearly 180 degrees is relatively low, so that the exhaust groove is arranged in an arc shape along the circumferential direction of the cylinder cover at about 160 degrees (different types and different radians) and can exhaust steam together with the plurality of piston holes, and the exhaust groove is communicated with an exhaust pipe to realize steam exhaust.
The other end internally mounted of casing have the support ring, the inside of support ring be provided with the supporting disk, the lateral wall of supporting disk arranged the screw thread, mesh with the screw thread on the support ring inside wall, the one end of supporting disk support the bearing with the power take off shaft support that cup joints in the power take off shaft outside and withstand to support the location at the cylinder head with rotatory cylinder, the other end of supporting disk radially imbed between two parties and be provided with the locking crosspiece, the both ends terminal surface of locking crosspiece be the convex tooth face, the round axial convex tooth face mesh on this convex tooth face and the support ring inside wall, the other end of casing seal through the closing cap, the axial force of support ring is accepted to the closing cap. The supporting disc can be adjusted in a rotating mode, after the internal machine part of the expansion machine is adjusted, the supporting disc is prevented from rotating by the fact that two ends of the locking cross iron are meshed with the axial convex tooth surface, and the internal machine part of the expansion machine is locked and positioned.
And a steam inlet volume actuator supporting beam is arranged at one end of the shell close to the steam inlet volume actuator action beam, and the steam inlet volume actuator is arranged on the steam inlet volume actuator supporting beam.
Actuator sealing covers are arranged on one sides of the worm and gear structures of the steam inlet volume actuator and the expansion ratio actuator, and shafts of the worms penetrate through the actuator sealing covers and are connected with corresponding external servo control parts.
The pressure measuring device is characterized in that a pressure measuring hole is arranged in the cylinder cover at a position close to the steam exhaust groove, the pressure measuring hole can detect the pressure in a flashing volume cavity after the expansion work of the steam body and compare the pressure with the pressure in the steam exhaust pipe to be used as a basis for adjusting the expansion ratio, the pressure measuring work is completed by an external pressure transmitter, and the pressure transmitter in the general sense mainly comprises a pressure measuring element sensor (also called as a pressure sensor), a measuring circuit and a process connecting piece. The pressure sensor can convert physical pressure parameters of gas, liquid and the like sensed by the pressure element sensor into standard electric signals (such as 4-20 mADC and the like) so as to supply secondary instruments such as an indication alarm instrument, a recorder, a regulator and the like for measurement, indication and process regulation.
And a lubricating oil groove is formed in one end, close to the adjustable swash plate, of each piston hole, and a rotary cylinder lubricating oil distribution hole which is arranged on the left side and corresponds to each piston hole is formed in the outer side wall of each rotary cylinder. The lubricating oil distribution hole is connected with the lubricating oil distribution hole of the rotary cylinder, and the left side of the piston is lubricated and sealed. In addition, a labyrinth seal lubricating oil groove is arranged on the rotating cylinder and the cylinder cover in a matched mode, a gap between the rotating cylinder and the cylinder cover can be further lubricated and sealed, lubricating oil is guided into the lubricating oil groove in the upper portion of the piston through the labyrinth seal lubricating oil groove and enters the piston hole, and the right side of the piston is lubricated and sealed in the reciprocating process of the piston.
Preferably, the casing and the cylinder cover are both provided with lubricating oil inlet pipes, the side wall of the casing is also provided with a lubricating oil outlet pipe, and the lubricating oil inlet pipes are provided with a plurality of lubricating oil inlet pipes, so that the lubricating oil can be continuously and uniformly added, and the lubricating oil after lubrication can be discharged from the lubricating oil outlet pipes to form circulation.
Has the advantages that: the invention relates to a piston type expansion machine with adjustable unit steam inlet amount and expansion ratio, which detects the comparison of the pressure in a flashing volume cavity after the steam expands to do work and the pressure in a steam exhaust pipe through a pressure measuring hole and takes the comparison as the basis for adjusting the expansion ratio and the basis for adjusting the steam inlet amount by taking the heat energy input and the rotating speed requirement of a working machine. When the expansion ratio of the expansion engine needs to be adjusted, the expansion ratio actuator is used for driving the adjustable swash plate to adjust the distance between the expanded steam-flashing piston and the cylinder cover, so that the volume ratio of the steam inlet volume cavity to the steam-flashing volume cavity is adjusted, the effect of adjusting the expansion ratio of the expansion engine is achieved, and the heat efficiency of the piston type expansion engine is ensured when the working condition changes; the distance between an air inlet piston and a cylinder cover is adjusted by an air inlet volume actuator through an adjustable swash plate to increase and decrease the air inlet volume of an air inlet volume cavity, the distance between the expanded air inlet piston and the cylinder cover is adjusted by an expansion ratio actuator through the adjustable swash plate to increase and decrease the steam flashing volume of the steam flashing volume cavity, the output rotating speed of the expander is adapted to the fluctuation of the rotating speed of a working machine at a certain time of the heat energy input power of the expander and keeps the better expansion ratio of the expander, the fluctuation of the heat energy input power can be adapted to the fluctuation of the working machine at a certain time of the rotating speed of the working machine and the better expansion ratio can be kept, the air inlet pressure and the temperature of the expander and the better expansion ratio can be kept when the heat energy input power and the rotating speed both fluctuate, the heat efficiency of the expander is better guaranteed; the inner circumference of the rotary cylinder is evenly distributed with a plurality of piston holes and pistons, and the rotary cylinder is formed by rotation: the steam inlet, expansion work and steam exhaust are sequentially and continuously circulated, so that the mechanical energy is stably output.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic side sectional view of a power take-off shaft of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a side elevational view of the cylinder head of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic of the invention showing the comparison of swelling times;
FIG. 4 is a schematic representation of the invention at a relatively large expansion ratio;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the present invention with a large steam admission;
FIG. 6 is a steam distribution diagram of the rotary cylinder of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a schematic view of the adjustable swash plate and a portion of the lubrication tube of the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a schematic view of the adjustable swash plate and a partial assembly of the present invention;
FIG. 9 is a schematic view of the rotary cylinder of the present invention;
FIG. 10 is a schematic view of the construction of the cylinder head of the present invention;
FIG. 11 is a schematic view of the combination of a support plate and a power take-off shaft with a rotary cylinder or the like in accordance with the present invention;
FIG. 12 is a schematic view of the combination of the housing, adjustable swash plate, etc. of the present invention;
FIG. 13 is a schematic view of a piston and piston shoe combination of the present invention;
FIG. 14 is a schematic view of the actuator beam structure of the steam inlet volume actuator of the present invention;
FIG. 15 is a schematic view of the expansion ratio actuator beam configuration of the present invention.
Reference numerals: 1. the engine comprises a rotary cylinder, 2 pistons, 3 cylinder heads, 4 casings, 5 steam inlet pipes, 6 power output shafts, 7 pressure measuring holes, 8 steam exhaust pipes, 9 adjustable swash plates, 10 return plates, 11 supporting plates, 12 sealing covers, 13 lubricating oil inlet pipes, 14 lubricating oil outlet pipes, 15 expansion ratio actuators, 16 steam inlet volume actuators, 17 actuator sealing covers, 18 lubricating oil grooves, 19 rotary cylinder lubricating oil distribution holes, 20 labyrinth lubricating oil grooves, 23 steam distribution grooves, 24 steam exhaust grooves, 25 splines, 26 locking cross iron, 27 locking threads, 28 supporting rings, 29 piston holes, 30 steam inlet volume chambers, 31 steam flashing volume chambers, 32 power output shaft supporting bearings, 33 working inclined planes, 34 adjustable swash plate lubricating oil grooves, 35 return plate limiting grooves, 36 adjustable swash plate shafts, 37 oil inlet shafts, 7 pressure measuring holes, 8 steam exhaust pipes, 9 adjustable swash plate oil grooves, 10 return plates, 11 supporting plates, 12 sealing grooves, 24 steam distribution grooves, 25 spline grooves, 26 spline locking cross iron, 27 locking threads, 28 supporting rings, 29 piston holes, 30 piston holes, Expansion ratio actuator beam holes 38, piston slide shoes 39, expansion ratio actuator action beams 40, steam inlet volume actuator action beams 41, steam inlet volume actuator support beams 42, guide slide blocks 43, shaft holes 44 and adjusting threads.
Detailed Description
The invention will be further illustrated with reference to the following specific examples. It should be understood that these examples are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Further, it should be understood that various changes or modifications of the present invention may be made by those skilled in the art after reading the teaching of the present invention, and such equivalents may fall within the scope of the present invention as defined in the appended claims.
As shown in fig. 1-15, the embodiment of the present invention relates to a piston expander with adjustable unit steam intake and expansion ratio, which comprises a casing 4 and a cylinder cover 3 arranged at one end of the casing 4, wherein a rotary cylinder 1 is arranged inside the casing 4 and is close to the cylinder cover 3, a plurality of piston holes 29 are uniformly arranged on the rotary cylinder 1 around the circumferential axial direction, pistons 2 capable of moving axially are arranged in the piston holes 29, a steam intake pipe 5 and a steam exhaust pipe 8 which can be sequentially communicated with any one piston hole 29 are arranged on the cylinder cover 3, one end of the rotary cylinder 1 is centrally penetrated and provided with a power output shaft 6, and the piston expander is characterized in that an adjustable swash plate 9 is also arranged inside the casing 4, a working inclined plane 33 at one end of the adjustable swash plate 9 is in fit contact with an inclined plane of a piston shoe 38 at one end of the piston 2, the upper end and the lower end of the other end of the adjustable swash plate 9 are respectively connected with a steam inlet volume actuator 16 and an expansion ratio actuator 15, the upper end and the lower end of the adjustable swash plate 9 respectively correspond to the steam inlet end and the steam flashing end of the rotary cylinder 1, the steam inlet volume actuator 16 and the expansion ratio actuator 15 can independently work to adjust the distance between the adjustable swash plate 9 and the cylinder cover 3 and the inclination of the adjustable swash plate 9, namely the limit range of the axial movement of each piston 2 in the rotary cylinder 1, and the power output shaft 6 is connected with the rotary cylinder 1 through a spline 25.
As an embodiment of the invention, the steam inlet pipe 5 and the steam distribution groove 23 introduce high-temperature and high-pressure working medium steam into a piston hole 29 arranged in the rotary cylinder 1, wherein the piston hole 29 at the steam inlet position is matched with the piston 2 and the cylinder cover 3 to form a steam inlet volume cavity 30, high-temperature and high-pressure working medium steam enters the piston hole 29 to enable the corresponding piston 2 to generate thrust, the axial thrust of the piston 2 acts on the smooth working inclined plane 33 of the adjustable swash plate 9 through the smooth inclined plane of the piston sliding shoe 38, the two interacting inclined planes are distributed with lubricating oil and are smooth, therefore, the force of the piston shoe 38 acting on the adjustable swash plate is decomposed to generate a part of sideslip force (along the direction from high to low on the working inclined plane of the adjustable swash plate), and the sideslip force is reacted to the rotary cylinder 1 to form a rotary torque to push the rotary cylinder 1 and the power output shaft 6 to rotate and output mechanical energy to the external magnetic coupling.
When the piston hole 29 of the rotary cylinder 1 moves to the exhaust groove 24 of the cylinder cover 3, the working inclined plane 33 of the adjustable swash plate 9 pushes the piston to move towards the cylinder cover 3 through the piston sliding shoe 27 under the action of the rotary moment, the working steam (low-temperature and low-pressure working medium steam) after work is done is exhausted along the exhaust pipe 8 through the exhaust groove 24, and the steam inlet condition is met again, so that the rotary cylinder 1 can continuously rotate to form a working cycle. The corresponding piston hole 29 is matched with the piston 2 and the cylinder cover 3 to form a steam-bleeding volume chamber 31 just before the steam-discharging groove 24 is communicated, and the volume ratio between the steam-bleeding volume chamber 31 and the steam-inlet volume chamber 30 is the expansion ratio.
The steam distribution groove 23 is arranged at the position, corresponding to the piston hole 29, of one end of the steam inlet pipe 5, the steam distribution groove 23 is in a radially arranged long strip shape, the steam inlet speed is improved, and the steam distribution groove 23 deviates from the top dead center of the piston 2 by a certain angle in the rotating direction, so that the expansion machine is convenient to start. The inner wall of the cylinder cover 3 is provided with an exhaust groove 24 which can be communicated with a plurality of piston holes 29 at the same time, the whole exhaust stroke rotating cylinder 1 and the piston 2 need to rotate to be nearly 180 degrees and the flashing speed entering the exhaust groove 24 is lower, so the exhaust groove 24 is arranged in an arc shape along the circumferential direction of the cylinder cover 3 for about 160 degrees (different types and different radians), the piston holes 29 can exhaust steam together, and the exhaust groove 24 is communicated with the exhaust pipe 8 to realize steam exhaust.
The pressure measuring device comprises a cylinder cover 3, a pressure measuring hole 7, a pressure measuring element sensor, a measuring circuit and a process connecting piece, wherein the pressure measuring hole 7 is arranged in the position close to an exhaust groove 24 in the cylinder cover 3, the pressure in the steam flashing volume cavity 31 can be detected in the pressure measuring hole 7 and compared with the pressure in an exhaust pipe 8, the pressure measuring hole is used as a basis for adjusting the expansion ratio, the pressure measuring operation is completed by an external pressure transmitter, and the pressure transmitter in the general sense mainly comprises a pressure measuring element sensor, namely a pressure sensor, a. The pressure sensor can convert physical pressure parameters of gas, liquid and the like sensed by the pressure element sensor into standard electric signals such as 4-20 mADC and the like so as to supply secondary instruments such as an indication alarm instrument, a recorder, a regulator and the like for measurement, indication and process regulation.
As a preferred structure of the present invention, the steam inlet volume actuator 16 and the expansion ratio actuator 15 each include a worm gear mechanism and a screw driven to rotate by the worm gear mechanism, wherein the screw of the steam inlet volume actuator 16 is engaged with an adjusting threaded hole 44 on a steam inlet volume actuator actuating beam 40 in the steam inlet volume actuator 16, the screw of the expansion ratio actuator 15 is engaged with an adjusting threaded hole 44 on an expansion ratio actuator actuating beam 39 mounted on a side wall of the casing 4, the steam inlet volume actuator actuating beam 40 and the expansion ratio actuator actuating beam 39 are respectively connected with an upper end and a lower end of the adjustable swash plate 9, and the steam inlet volume actuator actuating beam 40 and the expansion ratio actuator actuating beam 39 are driven by the screws to translate to adjust the inclination of the adjustable swash plate 9 and the distance between the adjustable swash plate 40 and the cylinder head 3.
In fact, the structure of the actuator is many, and the driving wheel sleeved outside the screw shaft of the screw rod can also be driven by other ways, such as a gear, a chain, a belt and the like.
The steam inlet volume actuator action beam 40 is connected with an adjustable swash plate shaft 36 at the upper end of an adjustable swash plate 9 through a shaft hole 43, and the adjustable swash plate 9 can rotate on the steam inlet volume actuator action beam 40 for a certain angle through the shaft hole 43.
The expansion ratio actuator 15 includes an expansion ratio actuator operating beam 39 having a guide slider 42 at one end thereof, and the expansion ratio actuator operating beam 39 is inserted into an expansion ratio actuator beam hole 37 at the lower end of the swash plate 9.
The axis of the adjustable swash plate shaft 36 of the present invention is substantially perpendicular to the axis of the steam inlet volume chamber 30, so that the steam inlet volume chamber is substantially unchanged when the expansion ratio is monotonic. When the external pressure transmitter detects that the pressure value of the steam-flashing volume cavity 31 after the steam expansion is lower than the pressure value of the steam exhaust pipe 8 and exceeds the required range through the pressure measuring hole 7, the working medium steam is over-expanded, the expansion ratio actuator 15 drives the lower end of the adjustable swash plate 9 and the piston 2 to move towards the cylinder cover, at the moment, the steam-flashing volume cavity is reduced by a certain amount, the steam inlet volume cavity is basically unchanged, at the moment, the pressure value of the volume cavity after the steam expansion is increased and the pressure value of the steam exhaust pipe is restored to the required range, and the working medium steam over-expansion phenomenon disappears.
Similarly, when the external pressure transmitter detects that the pressure value of the flashing volume cavity 31 after the steam expansion is higher than the pressure value of the steam exhaust pipe 8 through the pressure measuring hole 7 and exceeds the required range, the working medium steam is underexpanded, the expansion ratio actuator 15 drives the lower end of the adjustable swash plate 9 and the piston 2 to move towards the direction far away from the cylinder cover 3, at the moment, the flashing volume cavity 31 is enlarged by a certain amount, the steam inlet volume cavity 30 is basically unchanged, at the moment, the pressure value of the flashing volume cavity 31 after the steam expansion is reduced and the pressure value of the steam exhaust pipe 8 is restored to the required range, and the working medium steam underexpansion phenomenon disappears.
Through the adjustment, the over-expansion or under-expansion of the working medium steam in the piston type expansion machine is avoided, and the heat efficiency of the piston type expansion machine is ensured.
The high-temperature high-pressure and low-temperature low-pressure in the embodiment of the invention are the comparison of working medium steam at the inlet and the outlet of the expansion machine, and are not absolute high and low.
In addition, the steam pressure and temperature of the working medium need to be kept constant, the expander can realize the optimal thermal efficiency, and the optimal thermal efficiency of the expander is ensured.
When the rotation speed of the working machine and the expander is constant, and the heat energy input power of the expander tends to increase when the steam temperature of the working medium tends to increase, the steam inlet volume actuator 16 drives the upper end of the adjustable swash plate 9 and the piston 2 to move towards the direction far away from the cylinder cover 3, the volume of the steam inlet volume cavity 30 increases, the unit steam inlet volume increases, and the steam temperature of the working medium is reduced to the required range, so that the increase of the input power is adapted. At this time, the expansion ratio actuator 15 synchronously drives the lower end of the adjustable swash plate 9 and the piston 2 to move towards the direction far away from the cylinder cover 3, the steam-bleeding volume cavity 31 becomes large until the pressure sensor detects that the pressure difference between the pressure of the steam-bleeding volume cavity 31 and the exhaust pipe 8 after expansion is recovered to be within the required range, and the better expansion ratio is continuously maintained.
When the rotation speed of the working machine and the expander is constant, and the heat energy input power of the expander is reduced when the steam temperature of the working medium tends to decrease, the steam inlet volume actuator 16 drives the upper end of the adjustable swash plate 9 and the piston 2 to move towards the direction of the cylinder cover 3, the volume of the steam inlet volume cavity 30 is reduced, the steam inlet unit is reduced, the steam temperature of the working medium is increased to the required range, and the reduction of the input power is adapted. At this time, the expansion ratio actuator 15 synchronously drives the lower end of the adjustable swash plate 9 and the piston 2 to move towards the cylinder head 3, the steam-bleeding volume cavity 31 becomes smaller until the pressure sensor detects that the pressure difference between the pressure of the steam-bleeding volume cavity 31 and the exhaust pipe 8 is restored to be within a required range after expansion, and the better expansion ratio is continuously maintained.
When the heat energy input of the expander is constant and the rotating speed of the expander is reduced to adapt to the working machine, the steam inlet volume actuator 16 drives the upper end of the adjustable swash plate 9 and the piston 2 to move towards the direction far away from the cylinder cover 3, the volume of the steam inlet volume cavity 30 is increased, the unit steam inlet amount is increased, and the total steam inlet amount is kept constant when the rotating speed of the expander is reduced. At this time, the expansion ratio actuator 16 synchronously drives the lower end of the adjustable swash plate 9 and the piston 2 to move towards the direction far away from the cylinder cover 3, the steam-bleeding volume cavity 31 becomes large until the pressure sensor detects that the pressure difference between the pressure of the steam-bleeding volume cavity 31 and the exhaust pipe 8 after expansion is restored to be within the required range, and the better expansion ratio is continuously maintained.
When the heat energy input of the expander is constant and the rotating speed of the expander is increased to adapt to the increase of the rotating speed of the working machine, the steam inlet volume actuator 16 drives the upper end of the adjustable swash plate 9 and the piston 2 to move towards the direction of the cylinder cover 3, the volume of the steam inlet volume cavity 30 is reduced, the unit steam inlet quantity is reduced, and the total steam inlet quantity is kept constant when the rotating speed of the expander is increased. At this time, the expansion ratio actuator 15 synchronously drives the lower end of the adjustable swash plate 9 and the piston 2 to move towards the cylinder head 3, the steam-bleeding volume cavity 31 becomes smaller until the pressure sensor detects that the pressure difference between the pressure of the steam-bleeding volume cavity 31 and the exhaust pipe 8 is restored to be within a required range after expansion, and the better expansion ratio is continuously maintained.
During the starting of the expansion machine, the adjustment is not carried out, the adjustment mode can be entered after the starting is finished, and after the expansion machine is stopped, the PLC controls the flashing volume cavity 31 to be at a position 90% away from the maximum expansion ratio, so that the next starting is facilitated.
The two sides of the working inclined plane 33 which is contacted with the piston sliding shoe 38 on the adjustable swash plate 9 are symmetrically provided with return plate limiting grooves 35, return plates 10 which are in sliding fit with the adjustable swash plate 9 are arranged between the return plate limiting grooves 35, the return plates 10 are provided with limiting holes corresponding to the piston 2 and the piston sliding shoe 38, the diameter of the bottom edge of the piston sliding shoe 38 is larger than that of the limiting holes, and the piston sliding shoe is limited in a gap between the adjustable swash plate 9 and the return plates 10 to control the axial movement of the piston 2 and the piston sliding shoe 38.
One end of the piston 2 is rotatably connected with the piston shoe 38, a lubricating oil groove 18 is formed in the end face of the piston shoe 38, and the lubricating oil groove 18 and lubricating oil provided by the adjustable swash plate lubricating oil groove 34 in the working inclined surface 33 of the adjustable swash plate 9 act on the working inclined surface 33 to form oil film lubrication.
The other end of casing 4 internally mounted have a support ring 28, the inside of support ring 28 be provided with supporting disk 11, the lateral wall of supporting disk 11 arranged the screw thread, with the meshing of the screw thread on the lateral wall of support ring 28, one end of supporting disk 11 with cup joint the power take-off shaft support bearing 32 outside power take-off shaft 6 and withstand, support rotatory cylinder 1 and fix a position on cylinder head 3, the other end of supporting disk 11 in the middle radially imbed and be provided with locking cross bar 26, the both ends terminal surface of locking cross bar 26 be the convex tooth face, this convex tooth face meshes with a round of axial convex tooth face 27 on the lateral wall of support ring 28 mutually, the other end of casing 4 seal through closing cap 12, closing cap 12 accepts the axial force of support ring 28. The supporting disc can be adjusted in a rotating mode, after the internal machine part of the expansion machine is adjusted, the supporting disc is prevented from rotating by the fact that two ends of the locking cross iron are meshed with the axial convex tooth surface, and the internal machine part of the expansion machine is locked and positioned.
An air inlet volume actuator supporting beam 41 is arranged at one end of the machine shell 4 close to the air inlet volume actuator action beam 40, and the air inlet volume actuator 16 is arranged on the air inlet volume actuator supporting beam 41.
And actuator sealing covers 17 are arranged on one sides of the worm gear structures of the steam inlet volume actuator 16 and the expansion ratio actuator 15, wherein the shafts of the worms penetrate through the actuator sealing covers 17 and are connected with corresponding external servo control components.
Preferably, the piston holes 29 are provided with lubrication grooves 18 inside of one end thereof adjacent to the adjustable swash plate 9, and the outer side walls of the rotary cylinders 1 are provided with oil distribution holes 19 for lubricating the rotary cylinders on the left side corresponding to each piston hole 29. The inner side wall of the shell 4 is provided with a lubricating oil groove 18 to ensure the lubrication and the sealing of the rotary cylinder 1 and the shell 4 when rotating, wherein, the left annular lubricating oil groove 18 is connected with a lubricating oil distribution hole 19 of the rotary cylinder to ensure the lubrication and the sealing of the left side of the piston 2. In addition, the rotating cylinder 1 is provided with a labyrinth seal lubricating oil groove 20 matched with the cylinder cover 3, so that a gap between the rotating cylinder 1 and the cylinder cover 3 can be lubricated and sealed, lubricating oil is guided into a lubricating oil groove 18 at the upper part of the piston through the labyrinth seal lubricating oil groove 20 and enters a piston hole 29, and the right side of the piston is lubricated and sealed in the reciprocating process of the piston.
In order to ensure the supplement of the lubricating oil, the shell 4 and the cylinder cover 3 are both provided with lubricating oil inlet pipes 13, the side wall of the shell 4 is also provided with a lubricating oil outlet pipe 14 which is provided with a plurality of lubricating oil inlet pipes 13, the lubricating oil can be ensured to be continuously and uniformly added through the lubricating oil inlet pipes 13, the lubricating oil after lubrication can be discharged from the lubricating oil outlet pipe 14, and circulation is formed.
The technical scheme of the invention can adjust the distance between the piston and the cylinder cover through the linkage mechanism, thereby independently adjusting the steam inlet volume and the expansion ratio and achieving the effect of double adjustment of the expander.
Claims (9)
1. A piston type expansion machine with adjustable unit steam intake and expansion ratio comprises a machine shell (4) and a cylinder cover (3) arranged at one end of the machine shell (4), wherein a rotary cylinder (1) which is leant against the cylinder cover (3) is arranged inside the machine shell (4), a plurality of piston holes (29) are uniformly arranged on the rotary cylinder (1) in the circumferential axial direction, pistons (2) which can move axially are arranged in the piston holes (29), a steam intake pipe (5) and a steam exhaust pipe (8) which can be sequentially communicated with any one piston hole (29) are arranged on the cylinder cover (3), one end of the rotary cylinder (1) penetrates through the center to be provided with a power output shaft (6), the piston type expansion machine is characterized in that an adjustable swash plate (9) is also arranged inside the machine shell (4), a working inclined plane (33) at one end of the adjustable swash plate (9) is in matched contact with an inclined plane of a piston sliding shoe (38) at one end of the piston (2), the upper end and the lower end of the other end of the adjustable swash plate (9) are respectively connected with a steam inlet volume actuator (16) and an expansion ratio actuator (15), the upper end and the lower end of the adjustable swash plate (9) respectively correspond to the steam inlet end and the steam flashing end of the rotary cylinder (1), and the steam inlet volume actuator (16) and the expansion ratio actuator (15) can independently work to adjust the distance between the adjustable swash plate (9) and the cylinder cover (3) and the inclination of the adjustable swash plate (9), namely the limit range of axial movement of each piston (2) in the rotary cylinder (1).
2. The piston type expander with adjustable unit steam admission and expansion ratio as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the steam inlet volume actuator (16) and the expansion ratio actuator (15) both comprise a worm gear mechanism and a screw driven by the worm gear mechanism to rotate, wherein a screw rod of the steam inlet volume actuator (16) is matched with an adjusting threaded hole (44) on an action beam (40) of the steam inlet volume actuator in the steam inlet volume actuator (16), a screw rod of the expansion ratio actuator (15) is matched with an adjusting threaded hole (44) on a guide sliding block (42) of an action beam (39) of the expansion ratio actuator arranged on the side wall of the machine shell (4), the expansion ratio actuator actuating beam (39) is inserted into an expansion ratio actuator beam hole (37) at the lower end of the adjustable swash plate (9), the steam inlet volume actuator action beam (40) is connected with the upper end of the adjustable swash plate (9), and the expansion ratio actuator action beam (39) and the steam inlet volume actuator action beam (40) are driven by a screw rod to translate so as to adjust the inclination of the adjustable swash plate (9) and the distance between the adjustable swash plate and the cylinder cover (3).
3. The piston expander with the adjustable unit steam admission and expansion ratio as claimed in claim 2, wherein: the steam inlet volume actuator action beam (40) is connected with an adjustable swash plate shaft (36) at the upper end of an adjustable swash plate (9) through a shaft hole (43), and the adjustable swash plate (9) can rotate on the steam inlet volume actuator action beam (40) through the shaft hole (43).
4. The piston type expander with adjustable unit steam admission and expansion ratio as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the adjustable swash plate is characterized in that return plate limiting grooves (35) are symmetrically arranged on two sides of a working inclined surface (33) which is in contact with the piston sliding shoes (38) on the adjustable swash plate (9), return plates (10) which are in sliding fit with the adjustable swash plate (9) are arranged between the return plate limiting grooves (35), limiting holes corresponding to the pistons (2) and the piston sliding shoes (38) are formed in the return plates (10), the diameters of the bottom edges of the piston sliding shoes (38) are larger than the diameters of the limiting holes, the piston sliding shoes are limited in gaps between the adjustable swash plate (9) and the return plates (10), and the axial movement of the pistons (2) and the piston sliding shoes (38) is controlled.
5. The piston type expander with adjustable unit steam admission and expansion ratio as claimed in claim 1, wherein: one end of the piston (2) is rotatably connected with the piston sliding shoe (38), a lubricating oil groove (18) is formed in the end face of the piston sliding shoe (38), and lubricating oil provided by the lubricating oil groove (18) and a lubricating oil groove (34) of an adjustable swash plate in a working inclined plane (33) on the adjustable swash plate (9) acts on the working inclined plane (33) to form oil film lubrication.
6. The piston type expander with adjustable unit steam admission and expansion ratio as claimed in claim 1, wherein: a steam distribution groove (23) is arranged at the position, corresponding to the piston holes (29), of one end of the steam inlet pipe (5), a steam exhaust groove (24) which can be communicated with the plurality of piston holes (29) simultaneously is arranged on the inner wall of the cylinder cover (3), and the steam exhaust groove (24) is communicated with the steam exhaust pipe (8).
7. The piston type expander with adjustable unit steam admission and expansion ratio as claimed in claim 1, wherein: a support ring (28) is arranged in the other end of the machine shell (4), a support plate (11) is arranged in the support ring (28), threads are arranged on the outer side wall of the support plate (11), is meshed with the thread on the inner side wall of the support ring (28), one end of the support plate (11) is propped against a power output shaft support bearing (32) sleeved outside the power output shaft (6) to support and position the rotary cylinder (1) on the cylinder cover (3), the other end of the supporting disc (11) is radially embedded with a locking transverse iron (26) in the middle, the end surfaces of the two ends of the locking transverse iron (26) are convex tooth surfaces, the convex tooth surface is meshed with a circle of axial convex tooth surface (27) on the inner side wall of the supporting ring (28), the other end of the casing (4) is sealed by a cover (12), and the cover (12) receives the axial force of the support ring (28).
8. The piston expander with the adjustable unit steam admission and expansion ratio as claimed in claim 2, wherein: an air inlet volume actuator supporting beam (41) is arranged at one end of the shell (4) close to the position of the air inlet volume actuator action beam (40), and the air inlet volume actuator (16) is arranged on the air inlet volume actuator supporting beam (41).
9. The piston expander with the adjustable unit steam admission and expansion ratio as claimed in claim 2, wherein: one side of the worm gear structure of the steam inlet volume actuator (16) and the expansion ratio actuator (15) is provided with an actuator sealing cover (17), wherein the shaft of the worm penetrates through the actuator sealing cover (17) and is connected with a servo control component corresponding to the outside.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202010334714.1A CN111287798A (en) | 2020-04-24 | 2020-04-24 | Piston type expansion machine with unit steam admission amount and expansion ratio adjustable |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202010334714.1A CN111287798A (en) | 2020-04-24 | 2020-04-24 | Piston type expansion machine with unit steam admission amount and expansion ratio adjustable |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN111287798A true CN111287798A (en) | 2020-06-16 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202010334714.1A Pending CN111287798A (en) | 2020-04-24 | 2020-04-24 | Piston type expansion machine with unit steam admission amount and expansion ratio adjustable |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114689128A (en) * | 2022-05-31 | 2022-07-01 | 青岛道万科技有限公司 | Special temperature and pressure measuring instrument and method thereof |
-
2020
- 2020-04-24 CN CN202010334714.1A patent/CN111287798A/en active Pending
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114689128A (en) * | 2022-05-31 | 2022-07-01 | 青岛道万科技有限公司 | Special temperature and pressure measuring instrument and method thereof |
| CN114689128B (en) * | 2022-05-31 | 2022-08-19 | 青岛道万科技有限公司 | Special temperature and pressure measuring instrument and method thereof |
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