CN111287718A

CN111287718A - Method and device for determining perforation parameters and storage medium

Info

Publication number: CN111287718A
Application number: CN201811493381.6A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 刘雨; 赵玉东; 陈紫薇; 付大其; 刘学伟; 石瑾; 贾云鹏; 构小婷; 何晓
Original assignee: Petrochina Co Ltd
Current assignee: Petrochina Co Ltd
Priority date: 2018-12-07
Filing date: 2018-12-07
Publication date: 2020-06-16
Anticipated expiration: 2038-12-07
Also published as: CN111287718B

Abstract

The invention discloses a method, a device and a storage medium for determining perforation parameters, and belongs to the technical field of oil and gas field development. In the invention, the theoretical total hole friction resistance of the first perforation position and the second perforation position is determined based on the initial perforation parameters of the first perforation position and the initial perforation parameters of the second perforation position. And correcting the initial perforation parameters of the first perforation position and the second perforation position according to the near well friction resistance and the theoretical total hole friction resistance formed after simulation. And correcting the initial perforation parameters of the first perforation position and the second perforation position through the theoretical total perforation friction resistance of the first perforation position and the theoretical total perforation friction resistance of the second perforation position and the simulated near-well friction resistance, and if perforation is carried out according to the corrected perforation parameters of the first perforation position and the corrected perforation parameters of the second perforation position, the probability that a subsequent reservoir stratum is fractured by fracturing fluid can be improved, so that the fracturing effect when the reservoir stratum is fractured is improved.

Description

Method and device for determining perforation parameters and storage medium

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of oil and gas field development, in particular to a method and a device for determining perforation parameters and a storage medium.

Background

Staged multi-cluster fracturing technology is a common technology for unconventional oil and gas resource development. The segmented multi-cluster is that a reservoir is divided into a plurality of segments, when in site construction, any segment of the reservoir in the plurality of segments of the reservoir is perforated at two perforation positions in the segment of the reservoir, two cluster of holes are obtained by perforating at each perforation position, and then fracturing fluid is injected into the reservoir through the two cluster of holes so as to realize fracturing of the segment of the reservoir. Wherein, before the section of reservoir stratum is perforated, perforation parameters at each perforation position on the section of reservoir stratum need to be determined, so as to ensure that the section of reservoir stratum can be fractured by fracturing fluid after perforation according to the determined perforation parameters.

In the related art, the determination of the perforation parameters at each perforation location is typically achieved by: determining the geological condition of each perforation position, and then determining the perforation parameters of each perforation position according to the geological condition of each perforation position and combining engineering requirements. In the related technology, the construction personnel determines the perforation parameters at each perforation position according to geological factors and engineering factors, so that the condition that the reservoir cannot be fractured by fracturing fluid may exist when the fracturing fluid is injected into the perforations after perforation according to the determined perforation parameters, and the fracturing effect of the reservoir during fracturing is influenced.

Disclosure of Invention

The embodiment of the invention provides a method, a device and a storage medium for determining perforation parameters, which can improve the fracturing effect of fracturing a reservoir stratum by using a multi-cluster staged fracturing technology. The technical scheme is as follows:

in a first aspect, there is provided a method of determining perforation parameters, the method comprising:

determining theoretical total hole friction resistance of a first perforation position and a second perforation position based on initial perforation parameters of the first perforation position and initial perforation parameters of the second perforation position, wherein the initial perforation parameters of the first perforation position and the initial perforation parameters of the second perforation position are determined by constructors, and the theoretical total hole friction resistance refers to resistance of perforations formed after perforation is carried out according to the initial perforation parameters of the first perforation position and the initial perforation parameters of the second perforation position to fracturing fluid;

performing perforation simulation on the reservoir according to the initial perforation parameters of the first perforation position and the initial perforation parameters of the second perforation position, and determining near-well friction resistance formed when the perforation obtained after the perforation simulation is fractured according to target fracturing parameters, wherein the target fracturing parameters are fracturing parameters adopted when fracturing the reservoir through fracturing fluid;

and correcting the initial perforation parameters of the first perforation position and the second perforation position based on the near well friction resistance and the theoretical total hole friction resistance.

Optionally, the determining a theoretical total perforation friction resistance for the first perforation location and the second perforation location based on the initial perforation parameter for the first perforation location and the initial perforation parameter for the second perforation location comprises:

determining the theoretical total perforation friction through a perforation friction chart based on the initial perforation parameter of the first perforation position and the initial perforation parameter of the second perforation position, wherein the perforation friction chart is used for indicating the corresponding relation between the perforation friction and the perforation parameters;

accordingly, the correcting the initial perforation parameters of the first perforation position and the second perforation position based on the near well friction resistance and the theoretical total hole friction resistance comprises:

and correcting the initial perforation parameters of the first perforation position and the second perforation position through the perforation friction chart based on the near well friction and the theoretical total perforation friction.

Optionally, the perforation friction map plate includes a plurality of perforation friction maps, each perforation friction map corresponds to one ground stress difference value and one perforation number, the one perforation number refers to the number of perforations at one perforation position of the two perforation positions, each perforation friction map includes a plurality of friction curves, each friction curve corresponds to one fracturing parameter, and each friction curve is used to indicate a corresponding relationship between the total perforation friction of the two perforation positions and the number of perforations at the other perforation position under the corresponding ground stress difference value, the corresponding perforation number and the corresponding fracturing parameter;

determining, by the perforation friction chart, the theoretical total perforation friction based on the initial perforation parameters for the first perforation location and the initial perforation parameters for the second perforation location, comprising:

determining the number of the holes to be perforated at the first perforation position according to the initial perforation parameter of the first perforation position, and determining the number of the holes to be perforated at the second perforation position according to the initial perforation parameter of the second perforation position to respectively obtain the number of the first holes and the number of the second holes;

searching a corresponding hole friction map from a plurality of hole friction maps included in the hole friction map plate according to the difference between the ground stress of the first perforation position and the ground stress of the second perforation position and the number of the first holes;

and continuously searching a friction resistance curve corresponding to the target fracturing parameter from the searched perforation friction resistance graph, and determining the total perforation friction resistance corresponding to the number of the second perforations from the searched friction resistance curve to obtain the theoretical total perforation friction resistance.

Optionally, the correcting, by the perforation friction chart, the initial perforation parameter of the first perforation location and the initial perforation parameter of the second perforation location based on the near-well friction and the theoretical total perforation friction comprises:

correcting the theoretical total hole friction resistance according to the near well friction resistance to obtain the corrected total hole friction resistance;

searching the number of holes corresponding to the first perforation position and the number of holes corresponding to the second perforation position from the hole friction chart according to the corrected total hole friction, the difference value between the ground stress of the first perforation position and the ground stress of the second perforation position and the target fracturing parameter;

and correcting the perforation parameters at the first perforation position and the second perforation position according to the searched number of the perforations corresponding to the first perforation position and the number of the perforations corresponding to the second perforation position.

Optionally, the correcting the theoretical total hole friction resistance according to the near-well friction resistance and the theoretical total hole friction resistance to obtain a corrected total hole friction resistance includes:

and determining the ratio of the theoretical total hole friction resistance to the near well friction resistance, and if the ratio is greater than a first reference value, reducing the theoretical total hole friction resistance to obtain the corrected total hole friction resistance.

Optionally, the method further comprises:

determining a difference value between the ground stress of a first simulated perforation position and the ground stress of a second simulated perforation position as a second reference value, wherein the first simulated perforation position and the second simulated perforation position are two simulated perforation positions for determining the perforation friction chart;

determining the number of the holes at the first simulated perforation position as a third reference value, and determining the parameter value of the fracturing parameter for fracturing the first simulated perforation position and the second simulated perforation position as a fourth reference value;

determining the numerical value A as the number of holes at the second simulated perforation position for any numerical value A in a plurality of numerical values, determining the hole friction resistance of the first simulated perforation position and the hole friction resistance of the second simulated perforation position according to the determined ground stress difference value, the determined fracturing parameter, the determined number of holes at the first simulated perforation position and the numerical value A, enabling the difference value between the hole friction resistance of the first simulated perforation position and the hole friction resistance of the second simulated perforation position to be equal to the second reference numerical value, and adding the determined hole friction resistance of the first simulated perforation position and the determined hole friction resistance of the second simulated perforation position to obtain the total hole friction resistance corresponding to the numerical value A;

and drawing a friction resistance curve when the corresponding ground stress difference value is the second reference value, the corresponding hole number is the third reference value, and the corresponding parameter value of the fracturing parameter is the fourth reference value according to the total hole friction resistances in one-to-one correspondence with the plurality of values.

In a second aspect, there is provided an apparatus for determining perforation parameters, the apparatus comprising:

the first determination module is used for determining theoretical total perforation friction resistance of the first perforation position and the second perforation position based on initial perforation parameters of the first perforation position and initial perforation parameters of the second perforation position, wherein the initial perforation parameters of the first perforation position and the initial perforation parameters of the second perforation position are determined by constructors, and the theoretical total perforation friction resistance refers to resistance of perforations formed after perforation is carried out according to the initial perforation parameters of the first perforation position and the initial perforation parameters of the second perforation position to fracturing fluid;

the second determination module is used for performing perforation simulation on the reservoir according to the initial perforation parameters of the first perforation position and the initial perforation parameters of the second perforation position, and determining near-well friction resistance formed when a perforation obtained after the perforation simulation is fractured according to target fracturing parameters, wherein the target fracturing parameters are fracturing parameters adopted when the reservoir is fractured by fracturing fluid;

and the correction module is used for correcting the initial perforation parameters of the first perforation position and the second perforation position based on the near well friction resistance and the theoretical total hole friction resistance.

Optionally, the first determining module includes:

the determining unit is used for determining the theoretical total perforation friction through a perforation friction chart based on the initial perforation parameter of the first perforation position and the initial perforation parameter of the second perforation position, and the perforation friction chart is used for indicating the corresponding relation between the perforation friction and the perforation parameters;

accordingly, the correction module comprises:

and the correcting unit is used for correcting the initial perforation parameters of the first perforation position and the initial perforation parameters of the second perforation position through the perforation friction chart based on the near-well friction and the theoretical total perforation friction.

the determination unit includes:

the determining subunit is used for determining the number of the holes to be perforated at the first perforation position according to the initial perforation parameter at the first perforation position, determining the number of the holes to be perforated at the second perforation position according to the initial perforation parameter at the second perforation position, and respectively obtaining the number of the first holes and the number of the second holes;

the first searching subunit is used for searching a corresponding hole friction resistance diagram from a plurality of hole friction resistance diagrams included in the hole friction resistance diagram according to the difference value between the ground stress of the first perforation position and the ground stress of the second perforation position and the number of the first holes;

and the second searching subunit is used for continuously searching the friction resistance curves corresponding to the target fracturing parameters from the searched eyelet friction resistance graphs, and determining the total eyelet friction resistance corresponding to the number of the second eyelets from the searched friction resistance curves to obtain the theoretical total eyelet friction resistance.

Optionally, the correction unit comprises:

the first corrector subunit is used for correcting the theoretical total hole friction resistance according to the near well friction resistance and the total hole friction resistance to obtain the corrected total hole friction resistance;

a third searching subunit, configured to search, according to the corrected total perforation friction, a difference between the ground stress at the first perforation position and the ground stress at the second perforation position, and the target fracturing parameter, the number of perforations corresponding to the first perforation position and the number of perforations corresponding to the second perforation position from the perforation friction chart;

and the second correction subunit is used for correcting the perforation parameters at the first perforation position and the perforation parameters at the second perforation position according to the number of the found perforations corresponding to the first perforation position and the number of the perforations corresponding to the second perforation position.

Optionally, the first syndrome unit is configured to:

Optionally, the apparatus further comprises:

a third determination module, configured to determine a difference between the ground stress of the first simulated perforation location and the ground stress of the second simulated perforation location as a second reference value, where the first simulated perforation location and the second simulated perforation location are two simulated perforation locations for determining the perforation friction chart;

the fourth determination module is used for determining the number of the holes at the first simulated perforation position as a third reference value and determining the parameter value of the fracturing parameter for fracturing the first simulated perforation position and the second simulated perforation position as a fourth reference value;

a fifth determining module, configured to determine, for any value a of the plurality of values, the value a as the number of perforations at the second simulated perforation position, determine, according to the determined ground stress difference, the determined fracturing parameter, the determined number of perforations at the first simulated perforation position, and the value a, the perforation friction resistance at the first simulated perforation position and the perforation friction resistance at the second simulated perforation position, so that a difference between the perforation friction resistance at the first simulated perforation position and the perforation friction resistance at the second simulated perforation position is equal to the second reference value, and add the determined perforation friction resistance at the first simulated perforation position and the perforation friction resistance at the second simulated perforation position to obtain a total perforation friction resistance corresponding to the value a;

and the drawing module is used for drawing a friction resistance curve when the corresponding ground stress difference value is the second reference value, the corresponding hole number is the third reference value, and the corresponding parameter value of the fracturing parameter is the fourth reference value according to the total hole friction resistances corresponding to the values one by one.

In a third aspect, there is provided an apparatus for determining perforation parameters, the apparatus comprising:

a processor;

a memory for storing processor-executable instructions;

wherein the processor is configured to perform the steps of any of the methods of the first aspect described above.

In a fourth aspect, a computer-readable storage medium has stored thereon instructions which, when executed by a processor, implement the steps of any of the methods of the first aspect described above.

In a fifth aspect, there is provided a computer program product comprising instructions which, when run on a computer, cause the computer to perform the steps of any of the methods of the first aspect described above.

The technical scheme provided by the embodiment of the invention has the following beneficial effects:

in an embodiment of the invention, a theoretical total perforation friction resistance for the first and second perforation locations is determined based on the initial perforation parameters for the first and second perforation locations. And correcting the initial perforation parameters of the first perforation position and the second perforation position according to the near well friction resistance and the theoretical total hole friction resistance formed after simulation. The perforation friction resistance is used for representing the resistance of the perforation to fracturing fluid, so that the initial perforation parameters of the first perforation position and the second perforation position are corrected through the theoretical total perforation friction resistance of the first perforation position and the second perforation position and the simulated near-well friction resistance, and if perforation is carried out according to the corrected perforation parameters of the first perforation position and the corrected perforation parameters of the second perforation position, the probability that the reservoir is fractured by the fracturing fluid can be improved, and the fracturing effect when the reservoir is fractured is improved.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings needed to be used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art to obtain other drawings based on these drawings without creative efforts.

FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a method of determining perforation parameters provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a diagram of a hole friction drag provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a diagram of another eye friction provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a diagram of another eye friction provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 5 is a diagram of another eye friction provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 6 is a diagram of another eye friction provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 7 is a diagram of another eye friction provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 8 is a diagram of another eye friction provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 9 is a diagram of another eye friction provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 10 is a diagram of another eye friction provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 11 is a diagram of another eye friction provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 12 is a diagram of another eye friction provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 13 is a diagram of another eye friction provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 14 is a schematic diagram of an apparatus for determining perforation parameters provided by embodiments of the present invention;

fig. 15 is a schematic structural diagram of a terminal according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Detailed Description

In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

Fig. 1 is a flowchart of a method for determining perforation parameters according to an embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 1, the method includes the following steps:

step 101: and determining theoretical total perforation friction resistance of the first perforation position and the second perforation position based on the initial perforation parameters of the first perforation position and the initial perforation parameters of the second perforation position, wherein the initial perforation parameters of the first perforation position and the initial perforation parameters of the second perforation position are determined by constructors, and the theoretical total perforation friction resistance refers to the resistance of perforations formed after perforation is carried out according to the initial perforation parameters of the first perforation position and the initial perforation parameters of the second perforation position to fracturing fluid. The construction personnel can determine a perforation design book according to engineering factors and geological conditions of a reservoir, and the initial perforation parameters of the first perforation position and the initial perforation parameters of the second perforation position can be determined according to the perforation design book.

Based on the initial perforation parameter of the first perforation position and the initial perforation parameter of the second perforation position, the implementation manner of determining the theoretical total hole friction resistance of the first perforation position and the second perforation position can be as follows: and determining the theoretical total perforation friction resistance through the perforation friction resistance chart based on the initial perforation parameters of the first perforation position and the initial perforation parameters of the second perforation position. The perforation friction chart is used for indicating the corresponding relation between the perforation friction and the perforation parameters.

The perforation friction resistance graph plate comprises a plurality of perforation friction resistance graphs, each perforation friction resistance graph corresponds to one ground stress difference value and one perforation number, one perforation number refers to the number of the perforations at one perforation position in two perforation positions, each perforation friction resistance graph comprises a plurality of friction resistance curves, each friction resistance curve corresponds to one fracturing parameter, and each friction resistance curve is used for indicating the corresponding relation between the total perforation friction resistance at the two perforation positions and the perforation number at the other perforation position under the corresponding ground stress difference value, the corresponding perforation number and the corresponding fracturing parameter.

Therefore, based on the initial perforation parameter at the first perforation location and the initial perforation parameter at the second perforation location, the determination of the theoretical total perforation friction through the perforation friction chart may be implemented by: and determining the number of the holes to be perforated at the first perforation position according to the initial perforation parameters at the first perforation position, and determining the number of the holes to be perforated at the second perforation position according to the initial perforation parameters at the second perforation position to respectively obtain the number of the first holes and the number of the second holes. And searching a corresponding hole friction map from a plurality of hole friction maps included in the hole friction map plate according to the difference between the ground stress of the first perforation position and the ground stress of the second perforation position and the number of the first holes. And continuously searching the friction resistance curve corresponding to the target fracturing parameter from the searched eyelet friction resistance graph, and determining the total eyelet friction resistance corresponding to the number of the second eyelets from the searched friction resistance curve to obtain the theoretical total eyelet friction resistance. Wherein the ground stress of the first perforation location and the ground stress of the second perforation location are pre-stored. The geostress of the first perforation position and the geostress of the second perforation position can also be determined according to logging data of the reservoir, and the description is not repeated here.

Wherein the perforation parameters include: perforation hole density, perforation hole diameter and perforation length. The perforation density refers to the number of perforations perforated in unit length. The perforation length is the length over which the perforation is performed. In a possible implementation manner, determining the number of perforations to be perforated at the first perforation position according to the initial perforation parameter at the first perforation position, and determining the number of perforations to be perforated at the second perforation position according to the initial perforation parameter at the second perforation position, to obtain the first number of perforations and the second number of perforations, specifically: and multiplying the perforation density of the first perforation position by the perforation length of the first perforation position to obtain the number of the perforations perforated at the first perforation position. And multiplying the perforation density of the second perforation position by the perforation length of the second perforation position to obtain the number of the perforations at the second perforation position.

In addition, according to the difference between the ground stress of the first perforation position and the ground stress of the second perforation position and the number of the first holes, the implementation manner of searching the corresponding hole friction map from the plurality of hole friction maps included in the hole friction map plate can be as follows: for any one of the plurality of perforation friction maps in the perforation friction map plate, matching the difference value of the ground stress corresponding to the perforation friction map with the difference value between the ground stress of the first perforation position and the ground stress of the second perforation position, and simultaneously matching the number of one perforation corresponding to the perforation friction map with the number of the first perforation. And when the difference value of the ground stress corresponding to the hole friction map is the same as the difference value between the ground stress at the first perforation position and the ground stress at the second perforation position, and the number of the holes corresponding to the hole friction map is the same as the number of the first holes, taking the hole friction map as the difference value between the ground stress at the first perforation position and the ground stress at the second perforation position, and the hole friction map corresponding to the number of the first holes.

In addition, a friction resistance curve corresponding to the target fracturing parameter is continuously searched from the searched friction resistance graph of the perforation, the total hole friction resistance corresponding to the number of the second perforation is determined from the searched friction resistance curve, and the implementation mode of obtaining the theoretical total hole friction resistance can be as follows: and matching the fracturing parameters corresponding to the friction curves with the target fracturing parameters for any friction curve in the plurality of friction curves in the searched eyelet friction map. And when the fracturing parameter corresponding to the friction resistance curve is the same as the target fracturing parameter, taking the friction resistance curve as the friction resistance curve corresponding to the target fracturing parameter. And searching the total hole friction resistance corresponding to the number of holes with the same number as the second hole from the corresponding relation between the total hole friction resistance of the two perforation positions indicated by the friction resistance curve and the number of holes at the other perforation position, and taking the searched total hole friction resistance as the theoretical total hole friction resistance.

The target fracturing parameters are fracturing parameters adopted when the fracturing fluid is used for fracturing the reservoir. The target fracturing parameters comprise the discharge amount of the fracturing fluid, the pressure of the fracturing fluid and the like when the reservoir is fractured. In addition, the fracturing fluid displacement in the target fracturing parameter is the sum of the fracturing fluid displacement of the first perforation position and the fracturing fluid displacement of the second perforation position when the reservoir is fractured, and the pressure of the fracturing fluid in the target fracturing parameter is the pressure of the fracturing fluid of the first perforation position or the pressure of the fracturing fluid of the second perforation position when the reservoir is fractured.

The theoretical total perforation friction resistance is determined according to the perforation friction resistance chart, and optionally, in specific application, the theoretical total perforation friction resistance can be determined according to the initial perforation parameters of the first perforation position and the initial perforation parameters of the second perforation position, and a discussion thereof is omitted.

Step 102: and performing perforation simulation on the reservoir according to the initial perforation parameters of the first perforation position and the initial perforation parameters of the second perforation position, and determining the near-well friction resistance formed when the perforation obtained after the perforation simulation is fractured according to the target fracturing parameters.

The implementation manner of performing perforation simulation on the reservoir according to the initial perforation parameter of the first perforation position and the initial perforation parameter of the second perforation position may be as follows: and sending the initial perforation parameters of the first perforation position and the initial perforation parameters of the second perforation position to perforation simulation software, and carrying out perforation simulation by the perforation simulation software according to the initial perforation parameters of the first perforation position and the initial perforation parameters of the second perforation position.

In addition, the implementation manner of determining the near-well friction resistance formed when the perforation obtained after the perforation simulation is fractured according to the target fracturing parameters may be as follows: the method comprises the steps of obtaining the discharge capacity of the fracturing fluid and the pressure of the fracturing fluid in target fracturing parameters, injecting the discharge capacity of the fracturing fluid and the pressure of the fracturing fluid into a simulated hole according to simulation for fracturing, and determining the near-well friction resistance after fracturing according to the result of the simulation.

Step 103: and correcting the initial perforation parameters of the first perforation position and the second perforation position based on the near well friction resistance and the theoretical total hole friction resistance.

Based on the near well friction resistance and the theoretical total perforation friction resistance, the implementation manner of correcting the initial perforation parameter of the first perforation position and the initial perforation parameter of the second perforation position can be as follows: and correcting the initial perforation parameters of the first perforation position and the second perforation position through an eyelet friction chart based on the near well friction and the theoretical total eyelet friction.

Based on the near well friction resistance and the theoretical total perforation friction resistance, the implementation mode of correcting the initial perforation parameters of the first perforation position and the initial perforation parameters of the second perforation position through the perforation friction resistance chart can be as follows: and correcting the theoretical total hole friction resistance according to the near-well friction resistance to obtain the corrected total hole friction resistance. And searching the number of the holes corresponding to the first perforation position and the number of the holes corresponding to the second perforation position from a hole friction chart according to the corrected total hole friction resistance, the difference value between the ground stress of the first perforation position and the ground stress of the second perforation position and the target fracturing parameter. And correcting the perforation parameters at the first perforation position and the second perforation position according to the searched number of the perforations corresponding to the first perforation position and the number of the perforations corresponding to the second perforation position.

Wherein, according to nearly well friction drag and theoretical total hole eye friction drag, rectify theoretical total hole eye friction drag, the realization mode that obtains total hole eye friction drag after rectifying can be: and determining the ratio of the theoretical total hole friction resistance to the near-well friction resistance, and if the ratio is greater than a first reference value, reducing the theoretical total hole friction resistance to obtain the corrected total hole friction resistance.

In practical application, if the theoretical total hole friction resistance is too large, when the reservoir is fractured, the reservoir can be fractured by using fracturing fluid only by using higher pump pressure, so that fracture failure is easily caused due to too high pump pressure. Therefore, if the theoretical total orifice friction is too large, the theoretical total orifice friction needs to be corrected. The fracturing refers to pumping fracturing fluid into a reservoir through a fracturing pump truck to enable the reservoir to form fractures.

In addition, the first reference value may be 50% or 60%, and of course, other values are also possible, and the embodiment of the present invention is not limited herein. In addition, the value for reducing the theoretical total hole friction resistance can be determined according to the corresponding relation between the ratio of the theoretical total hole friction resistance to the near-well friction resistance and the reduced value. The corresponding relation between the ratio of the theoretical total hole friction resistance to the near-well friction resistance and the reduced value is input in advance by a constructor, and the corresponding relation between the ratio of the theoretical total hole friction resistance to the near-well friction resistance and the reduced value is specific to a section of reservoir stratum. For reservoirs of different sections, the corresponding relationship between the ratio of the theoretical total bore friction resistance to the near-well friction resistance and the reduced value can be different.

In addition, according to the corrected total perforation friction resistance, the difference value between the ground stress of the first perforation position and the ground stress of the second perforation position, and the target fracturing parameter, the implementation manner of searching the number of the perforations corresponding to the first perforation position and the number of the perforations corresponding to the second perforation position from the perforation friction resistance chart can be as follows: for any one of the plurality of perforation friction maps in the perforation friction map plate, matching the difference of the ground stress corresponding to the perforation friction map with the difference between the ground stress of the first perforation position and the ground stress of the second perforation position. And when the difference of the ground stress corresponding to the perforation friction chart is the same as the difference between the ground stress at the first perforation position and the ground stress at the second perforation position, taking the number of the perforations corresponding to the perforation friction chart as the number of the perforations corresponding to the first perforation position. And matching the fracturing parameters corresponding to the friction curves with the target fracturing parameters for any one of the friction curves in the perforation friction map. And when the fracturing parameters corresponding to the friction resistance curve are the same as the target fracturing parameters, determining the number of the holes corresponding to the second perforation position according to the corresponding relation between the total hole friction resistance of the two perforation positions and the number of the holes at the other perforation position indicated by the friction resistance curve and the corrected total hole friction resistance.

In addition, according to the number of the found holes corresponding to the first perforation position and the number of the found holes corresponding to the second perforation position, the correction of the perforation parameters at the first perforation position and the perforation parameters at the second perforation position means that the perforation hole density and the perforation length in the perforation parameters at the first perforation position are readjusted, and the perforation hole density and the perforation length in the perforation parameters at the second perforation position are readjusted. So that the number of perforations at the first perforation location can be redetermined and the number of perforations at the second perforation location can be redetermined during subsequent perforations of the reservoir.

The theoretical total hole friction resistance is corrected according to the hole friction resistance chart, and in practical application, the theoretical total hole friction resistance can be corrected according to construction experience of constructors, and the theoretical total hole friction resistance is not explained herein.

In addition, the above-mentioned implementation of step 101 and the implementation of step 103 both use the eyelet friction plate, and how to make the eyelet friction plate will be described below.

Wherein, the eyelet friction plate can be manufactured according to the following four steps:

a. and determining a difference value between the ground stress of the first simulated perforation position and the ground stress of the second simulated perforation position as a second reference value, wherein the first simulated perforation position and the second simulated perforation position are two simulated perforation positions for determining the perforation friction chart. And the ground stress of the first simulated perforation position is greater than that of the second simulated perforation position.

b. And determining the number of the holes at the first simulated perforation position as a third reference value, and determining the parameter value of the fracturing parameter for fracturing the first simulated perforation position and the second simulated perforation position as a fourth reference value.

c. And determining the numerical value A as the number of holes at the second simulated perforation position for any numerical value A in the plurality of numerical values, determining the hole friction resistance at the first simulated perforation position and the hole friction resistance at the second simulated perforation position according to the determined ground stress difference, the determined fracturing parameter, the determined number of holes at the first simulated perforation position and the numerical value A, so that the difference between the hole friction resistance at the first simulated perforation position and the hole friction resistance at the second simulated perforation position is equal to a second reference numerical value, and adding the determined hole friction resistance at the first simulated perforation position and the determined hole friction resistance at the second simulated perforation position to obtain the total hole friction resistance corresponding to the numerical value A.

Wherein, the friction resistance of the hole in the step c can be determined according to the following formula:

in the formula: delta P is the friction resistance of the perforation hole, and the unit is MPa; q is the displacement of fracturing fluid injected into one perforation location, e.g., for a first simulated perforation location, Q is the displacement of fracturing fluid injected into the first simulated perforation location, and for a second simulated perforation location, Q is the displacement of fracturing fluid injected into the second simulated perforation location, and Q has the unit of m³Min; rho is the mixed density of the fracturing fluid and the unit is kg/cm³α is aperture flow coefficient, dimensionless, D_pIs the diameter of the hole, and the unit is m; n is the number of holes in units of units.

Wherein ρ is the mixed density of the fracturing fluid in the above formula, and the mixed density of the fracturing fluid can be determined according to the following formula:

in the formula: rho_iIs the base fluid density of the fracturing fluid, rho_tIs proppant bulk density，ρ_sThe apparent density of the proppant is in kg/m³(ii) a c is proppant volume concentration, i.e. sand ratio, dimensionless. Where the apparent density of the proppant refers to the dry mass per volume (containing the material entities and the closed pore volume) of the material particles. The bulk density of a proppant refers to the mass of a material per unit volume (including the material entity and its open pores, closed pores) in its natural state.

In addition, it has been shown from experimental data that the orifice flow coefficient α is between 0.56 and 0.89 the orifice flow coefficient α may be determined according to the following equation:

in the formula: m is the total mass of proppant flowing through the perforations in kg; q is the fracturing flow through the perforations in m³Min; t is the time for the fracturing fluid to erode the hole, and the unit is min; τ is the time integral variable in min.

In addition, there is a linear relationship between total proppant mass flowing through the perforations and hydraulic perforation diameter as follows:

in the formula: h and h_iRespectively representing the current hydraulic hole diameter and the initial hydraulic hole diameter, and the unit is cm; d is the diameter of the hole in cm; v is the fracturing fluid flow rate through the perforations in m/min. Wherein, the diameter of the hydraulic hole is the diameter of the hydraulic hole after the hydraulic hole is eroded by the fracturing fluid. The initial hydraulic perforation diameter is the hydraulic perforation diameter that has not been eroded by the fracturing fluid. Hydraulic orifice diameter refers to the ratio of four times the flow cross-sectional area to the orifice perimeter.

The fracturing fluid flow rate v through the perforations in the above equation can be determined according to the following equation:

in the formula: a is the cross-sectional area of the hole in unitsIs m²。

The hole diameter can be determined from equations (7) and (8) and can be determined according to the following equation:

in the formula: d₀The initial cell diameter is given in m. Wherein the initial perforation diameter can be determined according to the parameters of the perforating charge for perforating. D is D in formula (1)_p。

In addition, after the number of holes at the first simulated perforation position is determined to be the third reference value, the number of holes at the second simulated perforation position is determined to be A1, the discharge capacity of the fracturing fluid injected into the first simulated perforation position is determined to be Q1, and the discharge capacity of the fracturing fluid injected into the second simulated perforation position is determined to be Q2, wherein the sum of Q1 and Q2 is the discharge capacity of the fracturing fluid in the target fracturing parameter. Determining the perforation friction resistance delta P1 at the first simulated perforation position and the perforation friction resistance delta P2 at the second simulated perforation position according to the formula (1), and judging whether the first difference value is equal to the second difference value by taking the difference value between the delta P1 and the delta P2 as a first difference value and the difference value between the ground stress at the first simulated perforation position and the ground stress at the second simulated perforation position as a second difference value. If the first difference is equal to the second difference, the hole friction Δ P1 for the first simulated perforation location and the hole friction Δ P2 for the second simulated perforation location are added to obtain a total hole friction corresponding to A1. If the first difference is not equal to the second difference, the displacement of fracturing fluid injected into the first simulated perforation location is adjusted Q1, and the displacement of fracturing fluid injected into the second simulated perforation location is adjusted Q2. Wherein the sum of the adjusted Q1 and the adjusted Q2 is the fracturing fluid displacement in the target fracturing parameter. And then respectively re-determining the perforation friction resistance delta P1 at the first simulated perforation position and the perforation friction resistance delta P2 at the second simulated perforation position according to the formula (1), taking the difference value between delta P1 and delta P2 as a first difference value, taking the difference value between the ground stress at the first simulated perforation position and the ground stress at the second simulated perforation position as a second difference value, and judging whether the first difference value is equal to the second difference value again. The whole process is executed circularly until the first difference value is equal to the second difference value.

The difference value of the friction resistance of the perforation at the first simulated perforation position and the friction resistance of the perforation at the second simulated perforation position is a first difference value, the difference value of the ground stress at the first simulated perforation position and the ground stress at the second simulated perforation position is a second difference value, and the first difference value and the second difference value are equal based on the following formula:

P₁＝P_c1+ΔP₁(7)

P₂＝P_c2+ΔP₂(8)

in the formula: p₁The pressure of the fracturing fluid at the first simulated perforation position is expressed in MPa; p_c1Is the ground stress at the first simulated perforation location in MPa; delta P₁The perforation friction resistance at the first simulated perforation position is expressed in MPa; p₂The pressure of the fracturing fluid at the second simulated perforation position is expressed in MPa; p_c2The crustal stress at the second simulated perforation position is expressed in MPa; delta P₂The perforation friction at the second simulated perforation location is in MPa.

The pressure of the fracturing fluid at the first simulated perforation position and the pressure of the fracturing fluid at the second simulated perforation position are equal in the process of fracturing the reservoir, namely P₁＝P₂. Combining the above two equations, the difference between the geostress at the first simulated perforation location and the geostress at the second simulated perforation location can be determined as shown in the following equation:

ΔP₁-ΔP₂＝P_c2-P_c1＝ΔP_c(9)

in the formula: delta P_cThe difference between the geostress at the first simulated perforation location and the geostress at the second simulated perforation location is in MPa.

d. And drawing a friction resistance curve when the corresponding ground stress difference value is a second reference value, the corresponding hole number is a third reference value, and the corresponding parameter value of the fracturing parameter is a fourth reference value according to the total hole friction resistances in one-to-one correspondence with the plurality of values.

Fig. 2 to 13 are hole friction plates according to embodiments of the present invention. Fig. 2 is a perforation friction resistance diagram corresponding to the perforation number at the first perforation position being 13 and the difference in ground stress between the two perforation positions being 0.5 MPa.

Fig. 3 is a perforation friction diagram corresponding to the perforation number at the first perforation position being 13 and the difference in ground stress between the two perforation positions being 1 MPa. Fig. 4 is a perforation friction resistance diagram corresponding to the perforation number at the first perforation position being 13 and the difference in ground stress between the two perforation positions being 1.5 MPa. Fig. 5 is a perforation friction diagram corresponding to the perforation number at the first perforation position being 13 and the difference in ground stress between the two perforation positions being 2 MPa. Fig. 6 is a perforation friction resistance diagram corresponding to the perforation number at the first perforation position being 13 and the difference in the ground stress between the two perforation positions being 2.5 MPa. Fig. 7 is a perforation friction diagram corresponding to the perforation number at the first perforation position being 13 and the difference in ground stress between the two perforation positions being 3 MPa. Fig. 8 is a friction diagram of perforations corresponding to a perforation number of 16 at the first perforation position and a ground stress difference of 0.5MPa between the two perforation positions. Fig. 9 is a graph of perforation friction resistance corresponding to the number of perforations at the first perforation position being 16 and the difference in ground stress between the two perforation positions being 1 MPa. Fig. 10 is a friction diagram of perforations corresponding to a perforation number of 16 at the first perforation position and a ground stress difference of 1.5MPa between the two perforation positions. Fig. 11 is a graph of perforation friction resistance corresponding to the number of perforations at the first perforation position being 16 and the difference in ground stress between the two perforation positions being 2 MPa. Fig. 12 is a friction diagram of perforations corresponding to a perforation number of 16 at the first perforation position and a ground stress difference of 2.5MPa between the two perforation positions. Fig. 13 is a perforation friction diagram corresponding to the perforation number at the first perforation position being 16 and the difference in ground stress between the two perforation positions being 3 MPa. The abscissa in fig. 2 to 13 represents the number of perforations at the second perforation location. And the ground stress at the first perforation location is greater than the ground stress at the second perforation location.

And for any one of the plurality of the perforation friction maps, according to the sequence from top to bottom, the displacement of the fracturing fluid corresponding to the first friction curve in the perforation friction map is 15 square/minute. The second friction resistance curve corresponds to a fracturing fluid displacement of 14 square/minute. The third friction resistance curve corresponds to the displacement of the fracturing fluid of 13 square/minute. The fourth friction curve corresponds to the displacement of the fracturing fluid of 12 square/minute. The fifth friction resistance curve corresponds to the displacement of the fracturing fluid of 11 square/minute.The sixth friction resistance curve corresponds to the discharge capacity of the fracturing fluid of 10 square/minute. The seventh friction resistance curve corresponds to the discharge capacity of the fracturing fluid of 9 square/minute. The eighth friction resistance curve corresponds to the displacement of the fracturing fluid of 8 square/minute. The ninth friction resistance curve corresponds to the discharge capacity of the fracturing fluid of 7 square/minute. The tenth friction resistance curve corresponds to the discharge capacity of the fracturing fluid of 6 square/minute. The eleventh friction resistance curve corresponds to the discharge capacity of the fracturing fluid of 5 square/minute. Wherein, the square/minute is m³/min。

The method of determining perforation parameters provided by embodiments of the present invention is illustrated below by way of an example: the initial perforation parameters for the first perforation location are: the perforation density is 13 holes/m and the perforation length is 1 m. The initial perforation parameters for the second perforation location are: the perforation density is 9 holes/m, and the perforation length is 1 m. The fracturing parameters are as follows: the discharge capacity of the fracturing fluid is 10m³And/min. The difference value of the ground stress of the first perforation position and the ground stress of the second perforation position is 1 MPa. The first reference value is 50%.

And determining that the number of the perforations at the first perforation position is 13 and the number of the perforations at the second perforation position is 9 according to the initial perforation parameters at the first perforation position and the initial perforation parameters at the second perforation position. The difference of the ground stress corresponding to the perforation friction resistance diagram is matched with the difference of 1MPa of the ground stress at the first perforation position and the ground stress at the second perforation position, one perforation number corresponding to the perforation friction resistance diagram is matched with 13 perforation numbers at the first perforation position, the difference of the ground stress corresponding to the perforation friction resistance diagram in figure 3 is equal to the difference of the ground stress at the first perforation position and the ground stress at the second perforation position, the one perforation number corresponding to figure 3 is equal to 13 perforation numbers at the first perforation position, and figure 3 is taken as the perforation friction resistance diagram corresponding to the difference of 1MPa of the ground stress at the first perforation position and the ground stress at the second perforation position and 13 perforation numbers at the first perforation position. The discharge capacity according to the fracturing fluid is 10m³And the number of the perforations at the second perforation position is 9, and the theoretical total hole friction resistance is determined to be 4.77 MPa.

Carrying out perforation simulation according to the initial perforation parameters of the first perforation position and the second perforation position, and setting the discharge volume of fracturing fluid to be 10m³Min on simulated holesThe near well friction resistance formed in the fracturing is determined to be 7.77 MPa. Since the ratio of the theoretical total hole friction to the near-well friction, 4.77/7.77, is greater than the first reference value of 50%, it is determined that the theoretical total hole friction needs to be reduced. And reducing the friction resistance of the theoretical total hole by 2MPa according to the reduced value of 2MPa prestored by constructors. The theoretical total reduced eyelet friction at this point was 2.77 MPa. At this time, the difference of the ground stress corresponding to the perforation friction resistance diagram is matched with the difference of 1MPa of the ground stress at the first perforation position and the ground stress at the second perforation position, and the difference of the ground stress corresponding to the ground stress at the first perforation position and the difference of 1MPa of the ground stress at the second perforation position are determined according to the difference of the ground stress at the first perforation position and the ground stress at the second perforation position in the figure 3 and the figure 9. According to the discharge capacity of the fracturing fluid of 10m³The friction curve on fig. 3 and the friction curve on fig. 9 are determined/min. The friction curve determined in fig. 3 was taken as the first friction curve, and the friction curve determined in fig. 9 was taken as the second friction curve. And respectively matching the corrected theoretical total friction resistance value of 2.77MPa with the numerical value on the first friction resistance curve and the numerical value on the second friction resistance curve, and determining that a corresponding numerical value on the second friction resistance curve is the same as the corrected theoretical total friction resistance value. The number of perforations at the second perforation position is determined to be 16 according to the value on the second friction resistance curve, which is the same as the theoretical total friction resistance value, and the number of perforations at the first perforation position is determined to be 16. And correcting the initial perforation parameters of the first perforation position according to the perforation number 16 of the first perforation position. And correcting the initial perforation parameters of the second perforation position according to the number of the perforations of the second perforation position. Since the perforation length of the first perforation position and the perforation length of the second perforation position are both 1 meter, the perforation hole density of the first perforation position is corrected to be 16 holes/meter, and the perforation hole density of the second perforation position is corrected to be 16 holes/meter.

In an embodiment of the invention, a theoretical total perforation friction resistance for the first and second perforation locations is determined based on the initial perforation parameters for the first and second perforation locations. And correcting the initial perforation parameters of the first perforation position and the second perforation position according to the near well friction resistance and the theoretical total hole friction resistance formed after simulation. The perforation friction resistance is used for representing the resistance of the perforation to fracturing fluid, so that the initial perforation parameters of the first perforation position and the second perforation position are corrected through the theoretical total perforation friction resistance of the first perforation position and the second perforation position and the simulated near-well friction resistance, and if perforation is carried out according to the corrected perforation parameters of the first perforation position and the corrected perforation parameters of the second perforation position, the probability that a subsequent reservoir stratum is fractured by the fracturing fluid can be improved, and the fracturing effect when the reservoir stratum is fractured is improved.

Fig. 14 is a schematic diagram of an apparatus for determining perforation parameters according to an embodiment of the present invention, and as shown in fig. 14, the apparatus 1400 includes:

a first determining module 1401, configured to determine, based on an initial perforation parameter at the first perforation position and an initial perforation parameter at the second perforation position, a theoretical total perforation friction resistance of the first perforation position and the second perforation position, where the initial perforation parameter at the first perforation position and the initial perforation parameter at the second perforation position are both determined by a constructor, and the theoretical total perforation friction resistance refers to a resistance of an eyelet formed after perforation is performed according to the initial perforation parameter at the first perforation position and the initial perforation parameter at the second perforation position to a fracturing fluid;

a second determining module 1402, configured to perform perforation simulation on the reservoir according to the initial perforation parameter at the first perforation position and the initial perforation parameter at the second perforation position, and determine a near-well friction resistance formed when a perforation obtained after the perforation simulation is fractured according to a target fracturing parameter, where the target fracturing parameter is a fracturing parameter adopted when the reservoir is fractured by a fracturing fluid;

a correction module 1403, configured to correct the initial perforation parameter at the first perforation location and the initial perforation parameter at the second perforation location based on the near-well friction and the theoretical total perforation friction.

Optionally, the first determining module 1401 comprises:

the determining unit is used for determining theoretical total perforation friction through an perforation friction plate based on the initial perforation parameter of the first perforation position and the initial perforation parameter of the second perforation position, and the perforation friction plate is used for indicating the corresponding relation between the perforation friction and the perforation parameters;

accordingly, the correction module 1403 includes:

and the correcting unit is used for correcting the initial perforation parameters of the first perforation position and the second perforation position through the perforation friction chart based on the near-well friction and the theoretical total perforation friction.

Optionally, the perforation friction map plate includes a plurality of perforation friction maps, each perforation friction map corresponds to one ground stress difference value and one perforation number, one perforation number refers to the number of perforations at one perforation position of the two perforation positions, each perforation friction map includes a plurality of friction curves, each friction curve corresponds to one fracturing parameter, and each friction curve is used to indicate a corresponding relationship between the total perforation friction at the two perforation positions and the number of perforations at the other perforation position under the corresponding ground stress difference value, the corresponding perforation number and the corresponding fracturing parameter;

the determination unit includes:

the first searching subunit is used for searching a corresponding hole friction resistance diagram from a plurality of hole friction resistance diagrams included in the hole friction resistance diagram plate according to the difference value between the ground stress of the first perforation position and the ground stress of the second perforation position and the number of the first holes;

Optionally, the correction unit comprises:

the first corrector subunit is used for correcting the theoretical total hole friction resistance according to the near-well friction resistance to obtain the corrected total hole friction resistance;

the third searching subunit is used for searching the number of the holes corresponding to the first perforation position and the number of the holes corresponding to the second perforation position from the hole friction chart according to the corrected total hole friction, the difference value between the ground stress of the first perforation position and the ground stress of the second perforation position and the target fracturing parameter;

Optionally, the first syndrome unit is configured to:

and determining the ratio of the theoretical total hole friction resistance to the near-well friction resistance, and if the ratio is greater than a first reference value, reducing the theoretical total hole friction resistance to obtain the corrected total hole friction resistance.

Optionally, the apparatus further comprises:

a third determining module, configured to determine a difference between the geostress at the first simulated perforation location and the geostress at the second simulated perforation location as a second reference value, where the first simulated perforation location and the second simulated perforation location are two simulated perforation locations for determining a friction drag chart of the perforation;

the fourth determination module is used for determining the number of the holes at the first simulated perforation position as a third reference value and determining the parameter values of the fracturing parameters for fracturing the first simulated perforation position and the second simulated perforation position as a fourth reference value;

a fifth determining module, configured to determine, for any value a of the plurality of values, the value a as the number of perforations at the second simulated perforation position, determine, according to the determined ground stress difference, the determined fracturing parameter, the determined number of perforations at the first simulated perforation position, and the value a, the perforation friction resistance at the first simulated perforation position and the perforation friction resistance at the second simulated perforation position, so that a difference between the perforation friction resistance at the first simulated perforation position and the perforation friction resistance at the second simulated perforation position is equal to a second reference value, and add the determined perforation friction resistance at the first simulated perforation position and the determined perforation friction resistance at the second simulated perforation position to obtain a total perforation friction resistance corresponding to the value a;

and the drawing module is used for drawing a friction resistance curve when the corresponding ground stress difference value is a second reference value, the corresponding hole number is a third reference value, and the corresponding parameter value of the fracturing parameter is a fourth reference value according to the total hole friction resistances in one-to-one correspondence with the plurality of values.

It should be noted that: in the device for determining a perforation parameter provided in the above embodiment, when determining a perforation parameter, only the division of the above functional modules is taken as an example, and in practical applications, the above function distribution may be completed by different functional modules according to needs, that is, the internal structure of the device is divided into different functional modules to complete all or part of the above described functions. In addition, the device for determining perforation parameters and the method for determining perforation parameters provided by the above embodiments belong to the same concept, and the specific implementation process is described in the method embodiments, and is not described herein again.

Fig. 15 shows a block diagram of a terminal 1500 according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention. The terminal 1500 may be: a smart phone, a tablet computer, an MP3 player (Moving Picture Experts Group Audio layer iii, motion video Experts compression standard Audio layer 3), an MP4 player (Moving Picture Experts Group Audio layer IV, motion video Experts compression standard Audio layer 4), a notebook computer, or a desktop computer. Terminal 1500 may also be referred to as user equipment, a portable terminal, a laptop terminal, a desktop terminal, or other names.

In general, terminal 1500 includes: a processor 1501 and memory 1502.

Processor 1501 may include one or more processing cores, such as a 4-core processor, an 8-core processor, or the like. The processor 1501 may be implemented in at least one hardware form of a DSP (Digital Signal Processing), an FPGA (Field-Programmable Gate Array), and a PLA (Programmable Logic Array). Processor 1501 may also include a main processor and a coprocessor, where the main processor is a processor for processing data in an awake state, and is also called a Central Processing Unit (CPU); a coprocessor is a low power processor for processing data in a standby state. In some embodiments, the processor 1501 may be integrated with a GPU (Graphics Processing Unit), which is responsible for rendering and drawing the content required to be displayed on the display screen. In some embodiments, processor 1501 may also include an AI (Artificial Intelligence) processor for processing computational operations related to machine learning.

The memory 1502 may include one or more computer-readable storage media, which may be non-transitory. The memory 1502 may also include high-speed random access memory, as well as non-volatile memory, such as one or more magnetic disk storage devices, flash memory storage devices. In some embodiments, a non-transitory computer readable storage medium in memory 1502 is used to store at least one instruction for execution by processor 1501 to implement a method of determining perforation parameters as provided by method embodiments of the present invention.

In some embodiments, the terminal 1500 may further include: a peripheral interface 1503 and at least one peripheral. The processor 1501, memory 1502, and peripheral interface 1503 may be connected by buses or signal lines. Various peripheral devices may be connected to peripheral interface 1503 via buses, signal lines, or circuit boards. Specifically, the peripheral device includes: at least one of radio frequency circuitry 1504, touch screen display 1505, camera assembly 1506, audio circuitry 1507, positioning assembly 1508, and power supply 1509.

The peripheral interface 1503 may be used to connect at least one peripheral related to I/O (Input/Output) to the processor 1501 and the memory 1502. In some embodiments, the processor 1501, memory 1502, and peripheral interface 1503 are integrated on the same chip or circuit board; in some other embodiments, any one or two of the processor 1501, the memory 1502, and the peripheral interface 1503 may be implemented on separate chips or circuit boards, which is not limited in this embodiment.

The Radio Frequency circuit 1504 is used to receive and transmit RF (Radio Frequency) signals, also known as electromagnetic signals. The radio frequency circuitry 1504 communicates with communication networks and other communication devices via electromagnetic signals. The radio frequency circuit 1504 converts an electrical signal into an electromagnetic signal to transmit, or converts a received electromagnetic signal into an electrical signal. Optionally, the radio frequency circuit 1504 includes: an antenna system, an RF transceiver, one or more amplifiers, a tuner, an oscillator, a digital signal processor, a codec chipset, a subscriber identity module card, and so forth. The radio frequency circuit 1504 can communicate with other terminals via at least one wireless communication protocol. The wireless communication protocols include, but are not limited to: metropolitan area networks, various generation mobile communication networks (2G, 3G, 4G, and 5G), Wireless local area networks, and/or WiFi (Wireless Fidelity) networks. In some embodiments, the radio frequency circuit 1504 may also include NFC (Near Field Communication) related circuits, which are not limited by the present invention.

The display screen 1505 is used to display a UI (user interface). The UI may include graphics, text, icons, video, and any combination thereof. When the display screen 1505 is a touch display screen, the display screen 1505 also has the ability to capture touch signals on or over the surface of the display screen 1505. The touch signal may be input to the processor 1501 as a control signal for processing. In this case, the display screen 1505 may also be used to provide virtual buttons and/or a virtual keyboard, also referred to as soft buttons and/or a soft keyboard. In some embodiments, display 1505 may be one, providing the front panel of terminal 1500; in other embodiments, display 1505 may be at least two, each disposed on a different surface of terminal 1500 or in a folded design; in still other embodiments, display 1505 may be a flexible display disposed on a curved surface or a folded surface of terminal 1500. Even further, the display 1505 may be configured in a non-rectangular irregular pattern, i.e., a shaped screen. The Display 1505 can be made of LCD (Liquid Crystal Display), OLED (Organic Light-Emitting Diode), and other materials.

The camera assembly 1506 is used to capture images or video. Optionally, the camera assembly 1506 includes a front camera and a rear camera. Generally, a front camera is disposed at a front panel of the terminal, and a rear camera is disposed at a rear surface of the terminal. In some embodiments, the number of the rear cameras is at least two, and each of the rear cameras is any one of a main camera, a depth-of-field camera, a wide-angle camera and a telephoto camera, so that the main camera and the depth-of-field camera are fused to realize a background blurring function, and the main camera and the wide-angle camera are fused to realize panoramic shooting and VR (virtual reality) shooting functions or other fusion shooting functions. In some embodiments, camera assembly 1506 may also include a flash. The flash lamp can be a monochrome temperature flash lamp or a bicolor temperature flash lamp. The double-color-temperature flash lamp is a combination of a warm-light flash lamp and a cold-light flash lamp, and can be used for light compensation at different color temperatures.

The audio circuitry 1507 may include a microphone and speaker. The microphone is used for collecting sound waves of a user and the environment, converting the sound waves into electric signals, and inputting the electric signals to the processor 1501 for processing or inputting the electric signals to the radio frequency circuit 1504 to realize voice communication. For stereo capture or noise reduction purposes, multiple microphones may be provided, each at a different location of the terminal 1500. The microphone may also be an array microphone or an omni-directional pick-up microphone. The speaker is used to convert electrical signals from the processor 1501 or the radio frequency circuit 1504 into sound waves. The loudspeaker can be a traditional film loudspeaker or a piezoelectric ceramic loudspeaker. When the speaker is a piezoelectric ceramic speaker, the speaker can be used for purposes such as converting an electric signal into a sound wave audible to a human being, or converting an electric signal into a sound wave inaudible to a human being to measure a distance. In some embodiments, the audio circuitry 1507 may also include a headphone jack.

The positioning component 1508 is used to locate a current geographic position of the terminal 1500 to implement navigation or LBS (location based Service). The positioning component 1508 may be a positioning component based on the united states GPS (global positioning System), the chinese beidou System, the russian graves System, or the european union's galileo System.

Power supply 1509 is used to power the various components in terminal 1500. The power supply 1509 may be alternating current, direct current, disposable or rechargeable. When the power supply 1509 includes a rechargeable battery, the rechargeable battery may support wired charging or wireless charging. The rechargeable battery may also be used to support fast charge technology.

In some embodiments, the terminal 1500 also includes one or more sensors 1510. The one or more sensors 1510 include, but are not limited to: acceleration sensor 1511, gyro sensor 1512, pressure sensor 1513, fingerprint sensor 1514, optical sensor 1515, and proximity sensor 1516.

The acceleration sensor 1511 may detect the magnitude of acceleration on three coordinate axes of the coordinate system established with the terminal 1500. For example, the acceleration sensor 1511 may be used to detect components of the gravitational acceleration in three coordinate axes. The processor 1501 may control the touch screen display 1505 to display the user interface in a landscape view or a portrait view according to the gravitational acceleration signal collected by the acceleration sensor 1511. The acceleration sensor 1511 may also be used for acquisition of motion data of a game or a user.

The gyroscope sensor 1512 can detect the body direction and the rotation angle of the terminal 1500, and the gyroscope sensor 1512 and the acceleration sensor 1511 cooperate to collect the 3D motion of the user on the terminal 1500. The processor 1501 may implement the following functions according to the data collected by the gyro sensor 1512: motion sensing (such as changing the UI according to a user's tilting operation), image stabilization at the time of photographing, game control, and inertial navigation.

Pressure sensor 1513 may be disposed on a side bezel of terminal 1500 and/or underneath touch display 1505. When the pressure sensor 1513 is disposed on the side frame of the terminal 1500, the holding signal of the user to the terminal 1500 may be detected, and the processor 1501 performs left-right hand recognition or shortcut operation according to the holding signal collected by the pressure sensor 1513. When the pressure sensor 1513 is disposed at a lower layer of the touch display 1505, the processor 1501 controls the operability control on the UI interface according to the pressure operation of the user on the touch display 1505. The operability control comprises at least one of a button control, a scroll bar control, an icon control and a menu control.

The fingerprint sensor 1514 is configured to capture a fingerprint of the user, and the processor 1501 identifies the user based on the fingerprint captured by the fingerprint sensor 1514, or the fingerprint sensor 1514 identifies the user based on the captured fingerprint. Upon recognizing that the user's identity is a trusted identity, the processor 1501 authorizes the user to perform relevant sensitive operations including unlocking the screen, viewing encrypted information, downloading software, paying, and changing settings, etc. The fingerprint sensor 1514 may be disposed on the front, back, or side of the terminal 1500. When a physical key or vendor Logo is provided on the terminal 1500, the fingerprint sensor 1514 may be integrated with the physical key or vendor Logo.

The optical sensor 1515 is used to collect ambient light intensity. In one embodiment, processor 1501 may control the brightness of the display on touch screen 1505 based on the intensity of ambient light collected by optical sensor 1515. Specifically, when the ambient light intensity is high, the display brightness of the touch display screen 1505 is increased; when the ambient light intensity is low, the display brightness of the touch display screen 1505 is turned down. In another embodiment, the processor 1501 may also dynamically adjust the shooting parameters of the camera assembly 1506 based on the ambient light intensity collected by the optical sensor 1515.

A proximity sensor 1516, also known as a distance sensor, is typically provided on the front panel of the terminal 1500. The proximity sensor 1516 is used to collect the distance between the user and the front surface of the terminal 1500. In one embodiment, when the proximity sensor 1516 detects that the distance between the user and the front surface of the terminal 1500 gradually decreases, the processor 1501 controls the touch display 1505 to switch from the bright screen state to the dark screen state; when the proximity sensor 1516 detects that the distance between the user and the front surface of the terminal 1500 gradually becomes larger, the processor 1501 controls the touch display 1505 to switch from the breath screen state to the bright screen state.

Those skilled in the art will appreciate that the configuration shown in fig. 15 does not constitute a limitation of terminal 1500, and may include more or fewer components than shown, or some components may be combined, or a different arrangement of components may be employed.

Embodiments of the present invention also provide a non-transitory computer readable storage medium, wherein instructions of the storage medium, when executed by a processor of a terminal, enable the terminal to perform the method for determining perforation parameters provided in the embodiment shown in fig. 1.

Embodiments of the present invention also provide a computer program product containing instructions which, when run on a computer, cause the computer to perform the method of determining perforation parameters provided in the embodiment shown in figure 1 above.

It will be understood by those skilled in the art that all or part of the steps for implementing the above embodiments may be implemented by hardware, or may be implemented by a program instructing relevant hardware, where the program may be stored in a computer-readable storage medium, and the above-mentioned storage medium may be a read-only memory, a magnetic disk or an optical disk, etc.

In summary, the present invention is only a preferred embodiment, and not intended to limit the present invention, and any modifications, equivalents, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method of determining perforation parameters, the method comprising:

2. The method of claim 1, wherein determining the theoretical total perforation eye friction drag for a first perforation location and a second perforation location based on initial perforation parameters for the first perforation location and initial perforation parameters for the second perforation location comprises:

3. The method of claim 2, wherein the perforation friction map comprises a plurality of perforation friction maps, each perforation friction map corresponding to one ground stress difference and one perforation number, the one perforation number being the number of perforations at one of the two perforation locations, each friction map comprising a plurality of friction curves, each friction curve corresponding to one fracturing parameter, and each friction curve being indicative of a correspondence between a total eye friction at the two perforation locations and the number of perforations at the other perforation location for the corresponding ground stress difference, the corresponding perforation number, and the corresponding fracturing parameter;

4. The method of claim 2, wherein the correcting, by the perforation friction chart, the initial perforation parameters for the first perforation location and the initial perforation parameters for the second perforation location based on the near well friction and the theoretical total perforation friction comprises:

correcting the theoretical total hole friction resistance according to the near well friction resistance and the theoretical total hole friction resistance to obtain the corrected total hole friction resistance;

5. The method of claim 4, wherein said correcting said theoretical gross eye friction based on said near well friction and said gross eye friction to obtain a corrected gross eye friction comprises:

6. The method of any one of claims 2 to 5, further comprising:

7. An apparatus for determining perforation parameters, the apparatus comprising:

8. The apparatus of claim 7, wherein the first determining module comprises:

accordingly, the correction module comprises:

9. The apparatus of claim 8, wherein the perforation friction map comprises a plurality of perforation friction maps, each perforation friction map corresponding to one ground stress difference and one perforation count, the one perforation count being the number of perforations at one of the two perforation locations, each friction map comprising a plurality of friction curves, each friction curve corresponding to one fracturing parameter, and each friction curve being indicative of a correspondence between a total hole friction at the two perforation locations and the number of perforations at the other perforation location for the corresponding ground stress difference, the corresponding perforation count, and the corresponding fracturing parameter;

the determination unit includes:

10. The apparatus of claim 8, wherein the correction unit comprises:

the first corrector subunit is used for correcting the friction resistance of the theoretical total hole according to the near well friction resistance and the friction resistance of the theoretical total hole to obtain the corrected friction resistance of the total hole;

11. The apparatus of claim 10, wherein the first syndrome unit is to:

12. The apparatus of any one of claims 8 to 11, further comprising:

13. An apparatus for determining perforation parameters, the apparatus comprising:

a processor;

a memory for storing processor-executable instructions;

wherein the processor is configured to perform the steps of any one of the methods of claim 1 to claim 6.

14. A computer readable storage medium having stored thereon instructions which, when executed by a processor, carry out the steps of any of the methods of claims 1 to 6.