CN111286143A - Water-soluble biodegradable film and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Water-soluble biodegradable film and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J5/00—Manufacture of articles or shaped materials containing macromolecular substances
- C08J5/18—Manufacture of films or sheets
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- C08J2329/00—Characterised by the use of homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by an alcohol, ether, aldehydo, ketonic, acetal, or ketal radical; Hydrolysed polymers of esters of unsaturated alcohols with saturated carboxylic acids; Derivatives of such polymer
- C08J2329/02—Homopolymers or copolymers of unsaturated alcohols
- C08J2329/04—Polyvinyl alcohol; Partially hydrolysed homopolymers or copolymers of esters of unsaturated alcohols with saturated carboxylic acids
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- C08J2403/00—Characterised by the use of starch, amylose or amylopectin or of their derivatives or degradation products
- C08J2403/02—Starch; Degradation products thereof, e.g. dextrin
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- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J2491/00—Characterised by the use of oils, fats or waxes; Derivatives thereof
- C08J2491/06—Waxes
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- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K13/00—Use of mixtures of ingredients not covered by one single of the preceding main groups, each of these compounds being essential
- C08K13/02—Organic and inorganic ingredients
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- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/00—Use of inorganic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/18—Oxygen-containing compounds, e.g. metal carbonyls
- C08K3/20—Oxides; Hydroxides
- C08K3/22—Oxides; Hydroxides of metals
- C08K2003/2237—Oxides; Hydroxides of metals of titanium
- C08K2003/2241—Titanium dioxide
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- C08K3/00—Use of inorganic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/18—Oxygen-containing compounds, e.g. metal carbonyls
- C08K3/24—Acids; Salts thereof
- C08K3/26—Carbonates; Bicarbonates
- C08K2003/265—Calcium, strontium or barium carbonate
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- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
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- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
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- C08K3/00—Use of inorganic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/02—Elements
- C08K3/04—Carbon
- C08K3/042—Graphene or derivatives, e.g. graphene oxides
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
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- C08K5/00—Use of organic ingredients
- C08K5/04—Oxygen-containing compounds
- C08K5/05—Alcohols; Metal alcoholates
- C08K5/053—Polyhydroxylic alcohols
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K5/00—Use of organic ingredients
- C08K5/04—Oxygen-containing compounds
- C08K5/06—Ethers; Acetals; Ketals; Ortho-esters
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K5/00—Use of organic ingredients
- C08K5/04—Oxygen-containing compounds
- C08K5/10—Esters; Ether-esters
Abstract
A water-soluble biodegradable film comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 60-75 parts of polyvinyl alcohol, 15-30 parts of plant starch, 1-5 parts of a plasticizer, 3-5 parts of water-soluble wax sheets, 0.5-1 part of graphene, 3-5 parts of tetrabutyl titanate, 1-3 parts of calcium carbonate and 0.5-1 part of nano titanium dioxide. The manufacturing method comprises the following steps: the plant starch, the calcium carbonate and the nano titanium dioxide which are weighed according to the formula proportion are stirred and mixed for the first time; adding polyvinyl alcohol, a plasticizer, water-soluble wax sheets, graphene and tetrabutyl titanate into the mixed material according to a certain proportion, and stirring and mixing for the second time; and extruding and blowing the film to obtain the water-soluble film. The product of the invention has good mechanical property, barrier property and smoothness, can be completely dissolved in water, has simple preparation process, low cost, uniform film forming thickness and good flatness, and can be applied to industrial mass production.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of high polymer materials, in particular to a water-soluble biodegradable film and a preparation method thereof.
Background
In the process of medical care and scientific research, a plurality of infectious diseases such as hepatitis, syphilis, AIDS, novel coronavirus pneumonia and the like exist, a large number of medical sterile instruments used by infectious disease patients are polluted or discarded after infection, a large number of precise instruments are lost, or conventional instruments bring huge economic loss to hospitals and economic burden to patients.
In order to strengthen infection management of hospitals, effectively prevent and control medical infection, improve medical quality and ensure medical safety, the contaminated products must be cleaned, disinfected and sterilized, a large number of disposable bags or other containers are usually required to be temporarily stored or transferred in the treatment process, the treatment process is complicated, and secondary pollution is easily caused. Therefore, water-soluble infection-preventing medical fabric disposal bags have been developed to prevent secondary contamination during the laundry washing process.
The water-soluble anti-infection medical fabric disposal bag is a high molecular water-soluble film, has good flexibility and isolation to various substances, and can be quickly dissolved when meeting water; can be made into packaging bags with various sizes and different shapes according to actual requirements. In the using process, the collected clothes, bed sheets, bedspreads and other dirty clothes used by the patient are bound by a water-soluble belt and then transported to a laundry. The water-soluble belt and the water-soluble bag can be dissolved in water in the washing process. The clothes can be separated from the outer bag, and after the clothes are washed, the remaining bags are collected.
However, the water-soluble infection-preventing medical fabric disposal bag is generally very soft, has poor mechanical properties and is easy to break, and needs to be used together with other outer bags, so that the use cost is high, certain secondary pollution risk exists, and the water-soluble infection-preventing medical fabric disposal bag cannot be suitable for temporary storage or transfer of medical instruments or other hard polluted substances.
At present, other water-soluble film varieties in the market are few, and although many water-soluble film products have certain water solubility and use convenience, the following defects generally exist: 1. the barrier property is not good enough to meet the barrier property required by medical pollutant wrapping; 2. residues exist after dissolution, which is not beneficial to direct cleaning after film dissolution; 3. generally has the defects of poor mechanical property, poor surface smoothness and the like, is easy to puncture, adhere and damage to cause secondary pollution, and cannot well meet the use requirement of medical pollutant packages.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above problems, it is a primary object of the present invention to provide a water-soluble film having good mechanical properties, barrier properties, slip properties and being completely water-soluble, and a method for preparing the same.
In order to solve the technical problems, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
a water-soluble biodegradable film comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 60-75 parts of polyvinyl alcohol, 15-30 parts of plant starch, 1-5 parts of a plasticizer, 3-5 parts of water-soluble wax sheets, 0.5-1 part of graphene, 3-5 parts of tetrabutyl titanate, 1-3 parts of calcium carbonate and 0.5-1 part of nano titanium dioxide.
Preferably, the alcoholysis degree of the polyvinyl alcohol is 87.0-95.0%, and the polymerization degree of the polyvinyl alcohol is 1300-2000.
Preferably, the plant starch is one of corn starch, wheat starch and tapioca starch, and the fineness is 1800-2000 meshes.
Preferably, the plasticizer is one or more of glycerol, ethylene glycol and low molecular weight polyethylene glycol.
Preferably, the fineness of the graphene is 1800-.
A method for preparing a water-soluble biodegradable film comprises the following steps:
(1) sequentially placing the plant starch, the calcium carbonate and the nano titanium dioxide which are weighed according to the formula proportion in a high-speed stirrer, and carrying out primary stirring and mixing treatment;
(2) adding polyvinyl alcohol, a plasticizer, a water-soluble wax sheet, graphene and tetrabutyl titanate into the mixed material according to a formula ratio, and carrying out secondary stirring and mixing treatment to obtain a mixture;
(3) and (3) extruding and blowing the mixture obtained in the step (2) at the temperature of 160 +/-5 ℃ to obtain the water-soluble film.
Preferably, the time for the first stirring and mixing is 10-20 minutes, and the temperature is controlled to be 55 +/-5 ℃.
Preferably, in the step (2), the time for the second stirring and mixing is 10-20 minutes, and the temperature is controlled to be 80 ℃ +/-5 ℃.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. the product of the invention adopts polyvinyl alcohol with higher alcoholysis degree and plant starch as matrix materials, and has good water solubility; the water solubility of the film is further enhanced through the combined action of the plant starch and the water-soluble wax sheet, and the film product has good smoothness; the mulling reaction is promoted by adding graphene, a plasticizer and tetrabutyl titanate; through the combined action of the graphene, the calcium carbonate and the nano titanium dioxide, the diffusivity and the uniformity of each component are effectively increased, the mechanical property of the film is enhanced, and the film has good mechanical property and barrier property; by adding the nano titanium dioxide, the film has certain antibacterial, self-cleaning and anti-aging properties.
2. The water-soluble film has good water solubility, the dissolving speed is accelerated along with the rising of water temperature, when the water temperature reaches 70 ℃, the film can be completely dissolved within 40-60s, and dissolved substances are safe and nontoxic.
3. The water-soluble film has good mechanical property, barrier property and smoothness, is safe and non-toxic, can be completely dissolved in water, has simple preparation process, low cost, uniform film thickness and good flatness, and can be applied to industrial mass production; the bag can be made into a bag for temporary storage of polluted articles to be cleaned, the bag containing the polluted articles can be directly put into water or a cleaning machine during cleaning, and the bag can be directly cleaned after the water-soluble film is dissolved.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is further described in detail with reference to the following embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention.
Example 1:
a water-soluble biodegradable film comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 65 parts of polyvinyl alcohol, 20 parts of plant starch, 3 parts of plasticizer, 4 parts of water-soluble wax sheet, 0.8 part of graphene, 4 parts of tetrabutyl titanate, 2.4 parts of calcium carbonate and 0.8 part of nano titanium dioxide.
Specifically, the alcoholysis degree of the polyvinyl alcohol is 89.0%, and the polymerization degree is 1300-2000. The plant starch is cassava starch with the fineness of 1800 plus 2000 meshes. Preferably, the plasticizer is glycerol and the mixture of ethylene glycol mixed in a ratio of 1:1 (by weight). The fineness of the graphene is 1800-2000 meshes.
A method for preparing a water-soluble biodegradable film comprises the following steps:
(1) sequentially placing the plant starch, the calcium carbonate and the nano titanium dioxide which are weighed according to the formula proportion in a high-speed stirrer, and carrying out primary stirring and mixing treatment, wherein the primary stirring and mixing time is 15 minutes, and the temperature is controlled at 55 +/-5 ℃;
(2) adding polyvinyl alcohol, a plasticizer, a water-soluble wax sheet, graphene and tetrabutyl titanate into the mixed material according to a formula ratio, and carrying out secondary stirring and mixing treatment to obtain a mixture, wherein the secondary stirring and mixing time is 15 minutes, and the temperature is controlled at 80 +/-5 ℃;
(3) and (3) extruding and blowing the mixture obtained in the step (2) at the temperature of 160 +/-5 ℃ to obtain the water-soluble film.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. the product of the invention adopts polyvinyl alcohol with higher alcoholysis degree and plant starch as matrix materials, and has good water solubility; the water solubility of the film is further enhanced through the combined action of the plant starch and the water-soluble wax sheet, and the film product has good smoothness; the mulling reaction is promoted by adding graphene, a plasticizer and tetrabutyl titanate; through the combined action of the graphene, the calcium carbonate and the nano titanium dioxide, the diffusivity and the uniformity of each component are effectively increased, the mechanical property of the film is enhanced, and the film has good mechanical property and barrier property; by adding the nano titanium dioxide, the film has certain antibacterial, self-cleaning and anti-aging properties.
2. The water-soluble film has good water solubility, the dissolving speed is accelerated along with the rising of water temperature, when the water temperature reaches 70 ℃, the film can be completely dissolved within 40-60s, and dissolved substances are safe and nontoxic.
3. The water-soluble film has good mechanical property, barrier property and smoothness, is safe and non-toxic, can be completely dissolved in water, has simple preparation process, low cost, uniform film thickness and good flatness, and can be applied to industrial mass production; the bag can be made into a bag for temporary storage of polluted articles to be cleaned, the bag containing the polluted articles can be directly put into water or a cleaning machine during cleaning, and the bag can be directly cleaned after the water-soluble film is dissolved.
Example 2:
a water-soluble biodegradable film comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 60 parts of polyvinyl alcohol, 30 parts of plant starch, 1 part of plasticizer, 4 parts of water-soluble wax sheet, 0.5 part of graphene, 3 parts of tetrabutyl titanate, 1 part of calcium carbonate and 0.5 part of nano titanium dioxide.
Specifically, the alcoholysis degree of the polyvinyl alcohol is 95%, and the polymerization degree is 1300-2000. The plant starch is corn starch with the fineness of 1800 plus 2000 meshes. The plasticizer is glycerol. The fineness of the graphene is 1800-2000 meshes.
A method for preparing a water-soluble biodegradable film comprises the following steps:
(1) sequentially placing the plant starch, the calcium carbonate and the nano titanium dioxide which are weighed according to the formula proportion in a high-speed stirrer, and carrying out primary stirring and mixing treatment, wherein the primary stirring and mixing time is 20 minutes, and the temperature is controlled at 55 +/-5 ℃;
(2) adding polyvinyl alcohol, a plasticizer, a water-soluble wax sheet, graphene and tetrabutyl titanate into the mixed material according to a formula ratio, and carrying out secondary stirring and mixing treatment to obtain a mixture, wherein the time of the secondary stirring and mixing is 20 minutes, and the temperature is controlled to be 80 +/-5 ℃;
(3) and (3) extruding and blowing the mixture obtained in the step (2) at the temperature of 160 +/-5 ℃ to obtain the water-soluble film.
Example 3:
a water-soluble biodegradable film comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 75 parts of polyvinyl alcohol, 15 parts of plant starch, 2 parts of plasticizer, 3 parts of water-soluble wax sheet, 0.5 part of graphene, 3 parts of tetrabutyl titanate, 1 part of calcium carbonate and 0.5 part of nano titanium dioxide.
Specifically, the alcoholysis degree of the polyvinyl alcohol is 87.0%, and the polymerization degree is 1300-2000. The plant starch is wheat starch with the fineness of 1800 plus 2000 meshes. The plasticizer is polyethylene glycol with low molecular weight. The fineness of the graphene is 1800-2000 meshes.
A method for preparing a water-soluble biodegradable film comprises the following steps:
(1) sequentially placing the plant starch, the calcium carbonate and the nano titanium dioxide which are weighed according to the formula proportion in a high-speed stirrer, and carrying out primary stirring and mixing treatment, wherein the primary stirring and mixing time is 10 minutes, and the temperature is controlled at 55 +/-5 ℃;
(2) adding polyvinyl alcohol, a plasticizer, a water-soluble wax sheet, graphene and tetrabutyl titanate into the mixed material according to a formula ratio, and carrying out secondary stirring and mixing treatment to obtain a mixture, wherein the time of the secondary stirring and mixing is 10 minutes, and the temperature is controlled to be 80 +/-5 ℃;
(3) and (3) extruding and blowing the mixture obtained in the step (2) at the temperature of 160 +/-5 ℃ to obtain the water-soluble film.
Example 4:
a water-soluble biodegradable film comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 65 parts of polyvinyl alcohol, 15 parts of plant starch, 5 parts of a plasticizer, 5 parts of a water-soluble wax sheet, 1 part of graphene, 5 parts of tetrabutyl titanate, 3 parts of calcium carbonate and 1 part of nano titanium dioxide.
Specifically, the alcoholysis degree of the polyvinyl alcohol is 92.0%, and the polymerization degree is 1300-2000. The plant starch is one of corn starch, wheat starch and cassava starch, and the fineness is 1800-2000 meshes. The plasticizer is ethylene glycol. The fineness of the graphene is 1800-2000 meshes.
A method for preparing a water-soluble biodegradable film comprises the following steps:
(1) sequentially placing the plant starch, the calcium carbonate and the nano titanium dioxide which are weighed according to the formula proportion in a high-speed stirrer, and carrying out primary stirring and mixing treatment, wherein the primary stirring and mixing time is 15 minutes, and the temperature is controlled at 55 +/-5 ℃;
(2) adding polyvinyl alcohol, a plasticizer, a water-soluble wax sheet, graphene and tetrabutyl titanate into the mixed material according to a formula ratio, and carrying out secondary stirring and mixing treatment to obtain a mixture, wherein the time of the secondary stirring and mixing is 20 minutes, and the temperature is controlled to be 80 +/-5 ℃;
(3) and (3) extruding and blowing the mixture obtained in the step (2) at the temperature of 160 +/-5 ℃ to obtain the water-soluble film.
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents and improvements made within the spirit and principle of the present invention are intended to be included within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. A water-soluble biodegradable film characterized by: comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 60-75 parts of polyvinyl alcohol, 15-30 parts of plant starch, 1-5 parts of a plasticizer, 3-5 parts of water-soluble wax sheets, 0.5-1 part of graphene, 3-5 parts of tetrabutyl titanate, 1-3 parts of calcium carbonate and 0.5-1 part of nano titanium dioxide.
2. The water-soluble biodegradable film according to claim 1, wherein said polyvinyl alcohol has an alcoholysis degree of 87.0-95.0% and a polymerization degree of 1300-2000.
3. The water-soluble biodegradable film according to claim 1, wherein said plant starch is one of corn starch, wheat starch, and tapioca starch.
4. The water-soluble biodegradable film according to claim 1, wherein said plasticizer is one or more selected from the group consisting of glycerin, ethylene glycol, and low molecular weight polyethylene glycol.
5. The method for producing a water-soluble biodegradable film according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein: the method comprises the following steps:
(1) sequentially placing the plant starch, the calcium carbonate and the nano titanium dioxide which are weighed according to the formula proportion in a high-speed stirrer, and carrying out primary stirring and mixing treatment;
(2) adding polyvinyl alcohol, a plasticizer, a water-soluble wax sheet, graphene and tetrabutyl titanate into the mixed material according to a formula ratio, and carrying out secondary stirring and mixing treatment to obtain a mixture;
(3) and (3) extruding and blowing the mixture obtained in the step (2) at the temperature of 160 +/-5 ℃ to obtain the water-soluble film.
6. The method for manufacturing the water-soluble biodegradable film according to claim 5, wherein: in the step (1), the first stirring and mixing time is 10-20 minutes, and the temperature is controlled to be 55 +/-5 ℃.
7. The method for manufacturing the water-soluble biodegradable film according to claim 5, wherein: in the step (2), the time for the second stirring and mixing is 10-20 minutes, and the temperature is controlled to be 80 +/-5 ℃.
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Application publication date: 20200616 |