CN111283553A - Grinding wheel grooving tool and grooving method - Google Patents
Grinding wheel grooving tool and grooving method Download PDFInfo
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- CN111283553A CN111283553A CN202010201595.2A CN202010201595A CN111283553A CN 111283553 A CN111283553 A CN 111283553A CN 202010201595 A CN202010201595 A CN 202010201595A CN 111283553 A CN111283553 A CN 111283553A
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- grinding wheel
- connecting block
- grooving
- dresser
- machined
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
- B24B—MACHINES, DEVICES, OR PROCESSES FOR GRINDING OR POLISHING; DRESSING OR CONDITIONING OF ABRADING SURFACES; FEEDING OF GRINDING, POLISHING, OR LAPPING AGENTS
- B24B53/00—Devices or means for dressing or conditioning abrasive surfaces
- B24B53/06—Devices or means for dressing or conditioning abrasive surfaces of profiled abrasive wheels
- B24B53/062—Devices or means for dressing or conditioning abrasive surfaces of profiled abrasive wheels using rotary dressing tools
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
- B23K26/36—Removing material
- B23K26/38—Removing material by boring or cutting
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
- B23K26/70—Auxiliary operations or equipment
Abstract
The invention provides a grinding wheel grooving tool and a grooving method, belonging to the field of machining and comprising a grinding wheel dresser, a connecting block and a disc milling cutter handle; the disc milling cutter handle is arranged on the connecting block and arranged along the circumferential direction of the connecting block, a spiral mounting track is formed by the grinding wheel dresser along the connecting circumferential direction, and the orientation of the grinding wheel dresser is perpendicular to the tangential direction of the spiral track. The invention relies on the relative motion of the grinding wheel dresser in the grinding area of the grinding wheel and cuts the grinding wheel to form the gridding of the peripheral surface structure of the grinding wheel, the grinding wheel dresser and the grinding wheel to be processed can both rotate around the axle and do the motion of the worm gear and the worm gear which are engaged with each other, in the coincidence part of the grinding wheel dresser and the grinding wheel to be processed, the quick grooving tool of the grinding wheel cuts the grinding wheel to finish the grooving operation, realize grooving on the grinding wheel and make the grinding wheel form the grid type groove circumferentially, solve the defect of workpiece burning and thermal deformation caused by grinding in the prior art, the grooving quality is good, the efficiency.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of machining, in particular to a grinding wheel grooving tool and a grooving method.
Background
The grinding is a cutting process in which the surface of a workpiece is machined by a grinding tool such as a grinding wheel rotating at high speed. It is a common processing method in mechanical processing and has a very important position. Grinding is used for processing special and complex forming surfaces of various workpieces, such as inner and outer cylindrical surfaces, conical surfaces, planes, threads, gears, splines and the like. Because the abrasive particles have high hardness, the abrasive tool has self-sharpening properties, and grinding can be used for processing various materials, including high-hardness metal and non-metal materials such as hardened steel, high-strength alloy steel, hard alloy, glass, ceramics, marble and the like.
The grinding machining is mainly used for finish machining, workpiece materials are removed in a micro-scale mode, and good dimensional accuracy and surface accuracy are obtained; the grinding process can also carry out heavy-load grinding, and quickly and massively remove workpiece materials. The grinding wheel is a grinding tool and is directly contacted with a processing surface to remove materials, and the surface quality of a workpiece subjected to grinding is closely related to the grinding wheel. Because the grinding process effort is big, can produce a large amount of heats in the grinding process to, a large amount of heats are difficult to take away to a small amount of cuttings that produce in the grinding process, and most grinding heat is introduced into the work piece, can cause work piece burn and work piece deformation to influence size precision when serious. In order to improve the processing quality, reduce grinding burn and reduce thermal deformation of the workpiece, cooling liquid needs to be introduced to reduce the grinding temperature in the grinding process.
In order to further improve the heat dissipation of the grinding wheel, the grinding technology of the grinding wheel with the surface structure is applied to grinding, and the grinding process performance can be improved by adopting the grinding wheel with the groove structure regularly arranged. Researches show that the grinding force can be effectively reduced by adopting the groove structured grinding wheel for grinding, the heat dissipation capability of the grinding wheel is improved, and grinding burn is inhibited. However, because of the large number of grooves on the grinding wheel, the machining efficiency of the current method for grooving the grinding wheel by means of laser is not optimistic.
Patent document CN208117609U discloses a diamond grinding wheel end face grooving device, which comprises a fixing part, a fixing block, a first hydraulic cylinder, a moving plate, a second hydraulic cylinder, a mounting plate, a first motor, a ring-shaped guide rail, a cutter, a third hydraulic cylinder, a winding drum, a second motor, a third motor, a fan casing, a fan body, a dust collection box, a fourth motor and a connecting rod, wherein the four second hydraulic cylinders are different in lifting height, so that the inclination angle of the moving plate is adjusted, the inclination angle of the diamond grinding wheel is adjusted, the second motor is used for driving the rotating shaft of the winding drum to rotate to wind a steel wire cable, so that the fan casing is controlled to ascend, a guide pipe is moved out of the dust collection box, waste materials in the dust collection box are treated, the device is multiple in equipment.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects in the prior art, the invention aims to provide a grinding wheel grooving tool and a grooving method.
The invention provides a grinding wheel grooving tool, which comprises a grinding wheel dresser 1, a connecting block 2 and a disc milling cutter handle 3;
the disc milling cutter handle 3 is arranged on the connecting block 2;
the grinding wheel dresser 1 is arranged along the circumferential direction of the connecting block 2.
Preferably, the connecting block 2 is provided with a positioning mounting hole 4 along the circumferential direction;
one end of the grinding wheel dresser 1 penetrates through the positioning mounting hole 4, extends into the connecting block 2 and is provided with a first nut 5, and the other end of the grinding wheel dresser 1 is a free end and is used for grooving of a grinding wheel to be machined.
Preferably, the grinding wheel dresser 1 is provided with a first table surface 6 perpendicular to the axial direction and a second table surface 7 parallel to the axial direction;
a third table surface 8 which is axially vertical to the positioning mounting hole 4 and a fourth table surface 9 which is axially parallel to the positioning mounting hole 4 are arranged on the circumferential direction of the connecting block 2;
when the grinding wheel dresser 1 is installed in the positioning installation hole 4, the first table-board 6 is tightly attached to the third table-board 8, and the second table-board 7 is tightly attached to the fourth table-board 9.
Preferably, the grinding wheel dresser 1 is sleeved with an arc-shaped gasket 10, and the arc-shaped gasket 10 is arranged between the first nut 5 and the connecting block 2.
Preferably, one end of the disc milling cutter handle 3 close to the connecting block 2 is arranged inside the connecting block 2 and a flat key is arranged in a matched mode through a key groove to realize torque transmission.
Preferably, the number of location mounting hole 4 is a plurality of, a plurality of location mounting holes 4 evenly arrange and a plurality of location mounting holes 4 arrange along the axial direction of connecting block 2 equidistance in proper order along the circumference of connecting block 2.
Preferably, the number of the positioning mounting holes 4 is 6, the groove spacing of the grinding wheel to be machined is D, and the hole center distance between every two adjacent positioning mounting holes 4 is D/6 along the axial direction of the connecting block 2.
According to the grooving method of the grinding wheel grooving tool provided by the invention, the grinding wheel grooving tool is adopted, and the grooving method comprises the following steps:
s1, cutting and trimming the grinding wheel trimmer 1 by using ultrafast laser to ensure that the width of a cutter is equal to the width of a groove on the working surface of the grinding wheel to be machined;
s2: mounting the trimmed grinding wheel dresser 1 on a connecting block 2, mounting a disc milling cutter handle 3 with a pull nail 11 on the connecting block 2, and mounting the disc milling cutter handle 3 on a machine tool spindle through the pull nail 11 and the disc milling cutter handle 3;
s3: adjusting the positions of the connecting block 2 and the grinding wheel to be machined according to the machining requirement of the groove of the grinding wheel to be machined when the grinding wheel to be machined rotates at a rotating speed W2Rotation, grinding wheel dresser 1 rotates at a rotating speed W1When the connecting block 2 rotates, the grinding wheel dresser 1 finishes grooving operation on the circumferential surface of the grinding wheel to be machined, and the distance between adjacent grooves is D.
Preferably, the radius of the grinding wheel to be machined is R, and the following relationship exists: w1·D＝W2·(2πR)。
Preferably, said W1＝1m/s。
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. the invention can efficiently open the groove on the grinding wheel and can enable the grinding wheel to form a grid groove in the circumferential direction, thereby overcoming the defects of workpiece burning and thermal deformation caused in the grinding process in the prior art, having good grooving quality and high efficiency and prolonging the service life of the workpiece.
2. Grinding wheel dresser 1 cooperates arc gasket 10 to make locking power act on one side of the plane of gasket to transmit for 2 hole surfaces in connecting block through the cambered surface uniformly, the locating mounting hole 4 and the plane on connecting block 2 can guarantee that the mounted position of connecting block 2 and disc milling cutter handle of a knife 3 is accurate, simple structure, the practicality is strong.
3. The radial positioning position of the grinding wheel dresser 1 is ensured by arranging the third table top 8, the fourth table top 9 and the grinding wheel dresser 1, the first table top 6 and the second table top 7 which are matched, so that the firmness and stability of the dresser cutter in the operation process are ensured, and the practicability is high.
Drawings
Other features, objects and advantages of the invention will become more apparent upon reading of the detailed description of non-limiting embodiments with reference to the following drawings:
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a grooving operation of a grinding wheel to be machined;
FIG. 3 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the connection of the dresser 1 and the connecting block 2;
fig. 4 is a side view of the connecting block 2;
fig. 5 is a sectional view of the joint block 2;
fig. 6 is a top view of the connector block 2;
fig. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of the connection between the wheel dresser 1 and the connecting block 2.
The figures show that:
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in detail with reference to specific examples. The following examples will assist those skilled in the art in further understanding the invention, but are not intended to limit the invention in any way. It should be noted that it would be obvious to those skilled in the art that various changes and modifications can be made without departing from the spirit of the invention. All falling within the scope of the present invention.
The invention provides a grinding wheel grooving tool, which comprises a grinding wheel dresser 1, a connecting block 2 and a disc milling cutter handle 3 as shown in figures 1 and 2; the disc milling cutter handle 3 is arranged on the connecting block 2; the grinding wheel dresser 1 is arranged along the circumferential direction of the connecting block 2.
The invention relies on the relative motion of the wheel dresser 1 in the grinding area of the grinding wheel and cuts the grinding wheel to form the gridding of the peripheral surface structure of the grinding wheel. In order to improve the cutting efficiency of the grinding wheel, the grinding wheel dresser 1 and the grinding wheel 11 to be machined can rotate around respective axes and move in a worm gear and worm mode, and a cutter on the grinding wheel rapid grooving tool cuts the grinding wheel to complete grooving operation at the overlapped part of the grinding wheel dresser 1 and the grinding wheel 11 to be machined. In addition, the rapid grooving tool for the grinding wheel also needs to be capable of moving linearly perpendicular to the rotation axis of the rapid grooving tool to machine a grid of the whole width of the grinding wheel. In order to achieve the above-described movement, the dresser 1 forms a spiral mounting track along the circumferential direction of the connecting block 2, and the dresser 1 is oriented perpendicular to the tangential direction of the spiral mounting track.
Further, as shown in fig. 1 and fig. 2, the number of the positioning installation holes 4 is plural, the plurality of positioning installation holes 4 are uniformly arranged along the circumferential direction of the connecting block 2, the plurality of positioning installation holes 4 are sequentially arranged at equal intervals along the axial direction of the connecting block 2, and the plurality of positioning installation holes 4 also form a spiral arrangement track on the connecting block 2.
Specifically, in order to ensure that the surface grid distance on the grinding wheel to be machined is D, the grinding wheel dresser 1 on the quick grooving tool for the grinding wheel is installed on a spiral line with the circumferential direction of the connecting block 2 and the thread pitch being D, in a preferred example, as shown in fig. 1 and fig. 2, the number of the positioning installation holes 4 is 6, the 6 positioning installation holes 4 are equidistantly arranged in the circumferential direction of the connecting block 2, but are not in the same plane, the heights of the 6 holes sequentially increase clockwise, and the height difference between two adjacent holes is the same, which is 1/6 of the surface grid distance D, namely, the hole center distance between each two adjacent positioning installation holes 4 is D/6 along the axial direction of the connecting block 2.
Specifically, the grinding wheel dresser 1 subjected to ultrafast laser shaping is fixed with the disc milling cutter handle 3 through the connecting block 2, so that a grinding wheel rapid grooving tool is formed. Wherein, the connecting block 2 is provided with a positioning surface to ensure that the grinding wheel dresser 1 can be arranged at a correct position. As shown in fig. 1 and 2, the connecting block 2 is provided with a positioning mounting hole 4 along the circumferential direction; one end of the grinding wheel dresser 1 penetrates through the positioning mounting hole 4, extends into the connecting block 2 and is provided with a first nut 5, and the other end of the grinding wheel dresser 1 is a free end and is used for grooving of a grinding wheel to be machined.
Further, as shown in fig. 1, 3, and 7, the dresser 1 is provided with a first table surface 6 perpendicular to the axial direction and a second table surface 7 parallel to the axial direction; a third table surface 8 which is axially vertical to the positioning mounting hole 4 and a fourth table surface 9 which is axially parallel to the positioning mounting hole 4 are arranged on the circumferential direction of the connecting block 2; when the grinding wheel dresser 1 is installed in the positioning installation hole 4, the first table-board 6 is tightly attached to the third table-board 8, and the second table-board 7 is tightly attached to the fourth table-board 9. Every location mounting hole 4 on connecting block 2, third mesa 8, fourth mesa 9 and assorted grinding wheel dresser 1, first mesa 6, second mesa 7 have guaranteed grinding wheel dresser 1's radial positioning position, simultaneously, the face of grinding wheel dresser 1 and the inner wall contact of location mounting hole 4 be with the inner wall assorted face of cylinder of location mounting hole 4, guaranteed that dresser cutter direction is mutually perpendicular with the tangential direction of helix.
Specifically, as shown in fig. 1 and 3, an arc-shaped gasket 10 is sleeved on the grinding wheel dresser 1, and the arc-shaped gasket 10 is arranged between the first nut 5 and the connecting block 2; and one end of the disc milling cutter handle 3 close to the connecting block 2 is arranged in the connecting block 2, and a flat key is arranged in a matched manner through a key groove to realize torque transmission. Grinding wheel dresser 1 extends to the inside one end of connecting block 2 and can play fixed grinding wheel dresser 1's effect through the spiro union mode of screw thread, because the working face of screw thread locking is the inside face of cylinder of connecting block 2, consequently cooperation arc gasket 10 makes the locking power act on one side of the plane of gasket, and when transmitting for 2 hole surfaces in connecting block evenly through the cambered surface, the mounted position that connecting block 2 and dish milling cutter handle of a knife 3 can be guaranteed to location mounting hole 4 and the plane on connecting block 2 is accurate, moreover, the steam generator is simple in structure, therefore, the clothes grinder is strong in practicability.
The working principle of the invention is as follows:
the method comprises the steps of machining grooves on a working surface of a grinding wheel to be machined, wherein the radius of the working surface of the grinding wheel to be machined is R, the axial angle between the machining grooves and the grinding wheel to be machined is α, the distance between every two adjacent grooves is D, the width of each groove is D, a groove structure which is regularly distributed is formed on the surface of the grinding wheel to be machined, further, in order to machine narrow grooves in the grinding wheel, firstly, cutting and trimming the grinding wheel trimmer 1 through ultrafast laser, the width of a grooving cutter of the grinding wheel trimmer 1 is equal to the grooving width of the working surface of the grinding wheel to be machined, the width of a groove of the groove cutter is equal to the width D of a surface grid, as the ultrafast laser has the characteristics of less thermal cracks and small machining defects, the grinding wheel trimmer 1 which is trimmed through the ultrafast laser has longer service life, secondly, installing the trimmed grinding wheel trimmer 1 on a connecting block 2, installing a disc milling cutter with a pull nail shank 11 on the connecting block 2, installing the connecting block 2 with the grinding wheel trimmer 1 on a main shaft through the pull nail 11 and the disc milling cutter 3, adjusting the positions of the connecting2Rotation, grinding wheel dresser 1 rotates at a rotating speed W1When following connecting block 2 and rotating, grinding wheel dresser 1 begins the fluting operation at the emery wheel circumferential surface of treating processing, and the interval between the adjacent groove is D, wherein, the radius of emery wheel of treating processing is R, then has following relation: w1·D＝W2(2 π R), in a preferred embodiment, the rotational speed W of the wheel dresser 11Is 1 m/s.
If a narrow groove with an included angle of α with the axis of the grinding wheel to be machined needs to be machined on the grinding wheel, an included angle between the rotating shaft of the grinding wheel and the rotating shaft of the grinding wheel rapid grooving tool needs to be controlled to be (90+ α) ° or (90- α) °, so that if the included angle between the rotating shaft of the grinding wheel and the rotating shaft of the grinding wheel rapid grooving tool is controlled to be (90 +/- α) °, the same grinding wheel is machined twice, and then grid-shaped patterns can be obtained on the grinding wheel.
The invention is based on the meshing principle of worm and gear, the grinding wheel rapid grooving tool is used as a worm to process the grinding wheel to be processed, the grinding wheel rapid grooving tool and the grinding wheel to be processed can rotate around respective axes and move in a mutually meshed worm and gear manner, the grinding wheel rapid grooving tool also needs to be capable of linearly moving perpendicular to the rotating shaft of the grinding wheel rapid grooving tool so as to process grids of the whole grinding wheel width, cutting occurs at the intersection part of the grinding wheel to be processed and the grinding wheel grooving tool, the grinding wheel rapid grooving tool can be arranged on a main shaft of a numerical control machine tool, the shape and the structure of a dresser determine the width D of a grid of a working surface of the grinding wheel to be processed, the distance D of the surface grids is determined by the position of a positioning mounting hole 4 of a connecting block 2, and the included angle of the rotating shaft of the grinding wheel rapid grooving tool and the grinding wheel to be processed determines the angle α of the surface grids.
In the description of the present application, it is to be understood that the terms "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on those shown in the drawings, and are only for convenience in describing the present application and simplifying the description, but do not indicate or imply that the referred device or element must have a specific orientation, be constructed in a specific orientation, and be operated, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present application.
The foregoing description of specific embodiments of the present invention has been presented. It is to be understood that the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments described above, and that various changes or modifications may be made by one skilled in the art within the scope of the appended claims without departing from the spirit of the invention. The embodiments and features of the embodiments of the present application may be combined with each other arbitrarily without conflict.
Claims (10)
1. A grinding wheel grooving tool is characterized by comprising a grinding wheel dresser (1), a connecting block (2) and a disc milling cutter handle (3);
the disc milling cutter handle (3) is arranged on the connecting block (2);
the grinding wheel dresser (1) is arranged along the circumferential direction of the connecting block (2).
2. The grinding wheel grooving tool of claim 1, wherein the connecting block (2) is provided with a positioning mounting hole (4) in a circumferential direction;
one end of the grinding wheel dresser (1) penetrates through the positioning mounting hole (4), extends into the connecting block (2) and is provided with a first nut (5), and the other end of the grinding wheel dresser (1) is a free end and is used for grooving of a grinding wheel to be machined.
3. The grinding wheel grooving tool of claim 2, wherein the grinding wheel dresser (1) is provided with a first table surface (6) perpendicular to the axial direction and a second table surface (7) parallel to the axial direction;
a third table top (8) which is axially vertical to the positioning mounting hole (4) and a fourth table top (9) which is axially parallel to the positioning mounting hole (4) are arranged on the circumferential direction of the connecting block (2);
when the grinding wheel dresser (1) is arranged in the positioning mounting hole (4), the first table top (6) is tightly attached to the third table top (8), and the second table top (7) is tightly attached to the fourth table top (9).
4. The grinding wheel grooving tool according to claim 2, wherein the grinding wheel dresser (1) is sleeved with an arc-shaped gasket (10) and the arc-shaped gasket (10) is arranged between the first nut (5) and the connecting block (2).
5. The grinding wheel grooving tool of claim 1, wherein the end of the disc cutter shank (3) near the connecting block (2) is mounted inside the connecting block (2) and torque transmission is achieved by keyway fitting flat keys.
6. The grinding wheel grooving tool according to claim 2, wherein the number of the positioning mounting holes (4) is plural, the plural positioning mounting holes (4) are uniformly arranged in a circumferential direction of the joint block (2) and the plural positioning mounting holes (4) are sequentially arranged at equal intervals in an axial direction of the joint block (2).
7. The grinding wheel grooving tool according to claim 6, wherein the number of the positioning mounting holes (4) is 6, the grinding wheel grooving interval to be machined is D, and the hole center distance between every two adjacent positioning mounting holes (4) is D/6 in the axial direction of the connecting block (2).
8. A grooving method for a grinding wheel grooving tool, characterized by using the grinding wheel grooving tool according to any one of claims 1 to 7, comprising the steps of:
s1, cutting and trimming the grinding wheel trimmer (1) by using ultrafast laser to ensure that the width of a cutter is equal to the width of a groove on the working surface of the grinding wheel to be machined;
s2: mounting the trimmed grinding wheel dresser (1) on a connecting block (2), mounting a disc milling cutter handle (3) with a blind rivet (11) on the connecting block (2), and mounting the disc milling cutter handle (3) on a machine tool spindle through the blind rivet (11) and the disc milling cutter handle (3);
s3: adjusting the positions of the connecting block (2) and the grinding wheel to be machined according to the machining requirement of the groove of the grinding wheel to be machined when the grinding wheel to be machined rotates at a rotating speed W2Rotating, grinding wheel dresser (1) at a rotational speed W1When the connecting block (2) is rotated, the grinding wheel dresser (1) completes grooving operation on the circumferential surface of the grinding wheel to be machined, and the distance between adjacent grooves is D.
9. The grooving method for a grinding wheel grooving tool of claim 8, wherein the radius of the grinding wheel to be machined is R, the following relationship exists: w1·D=W2·(2πR)。
10. The method of claim 8, wherein W is W1＝1m/s。
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| CN202010201595.2A CN111283553B (en) | 2020-03-20 | 2020-03-20 | Grinding wheel grooving tool and grooving method |
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| CN202010201595.2A CN111283553B (en) | 2020-03-20 | 2020-03-20 | Grinding wheel grooving tool and grooving method |
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| 姚开能: "开槽砂轮磨削过程的研究 ", 《金刚石与磨料磨具工程》 * |
| 姜小勇等: "利用数控车床进行蜗杆砂轮开槽应用 ", 《内燃机与配件》 * |
| 谢春: "转子开槽专用砂轮基体的制造 ", 《汽车零部件》 * |
| 陈暄: "精光无动力端面磨削 ", 《金属加工(冷加工)》 * |
| 鲁康平等: "基于快走刀层铣的TC4钛合金高效开槽加工 ", 《制造技术与机床》 * |
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| CN111283553B (en) | 2021-09-21 |
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