CN110774177A - Tool and method for preparing structured forming grinding wheel - Google Patents
Tool and method for preparing structured forming grinding wheel Download PDFInfo
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- CN110774177A CN110774177A CN201911070991.XA CN201911070991A CN110774177A CN 110774177 A CN110774177 A CN 110774177A CN 201911070991 A CN201911070991 A CN 201911070991A CN 110774177 A CN110774177 A CN 110774177A
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
- B24B—MACHINES, DEVICES, OR PROCESSES FOR GRINDING OR POLISHING; DRESSING OR CONDITIONING OF ABRADING SURFACES; FEEDING OF GRINDING, POLISHING, OR LAPPING AGENTS
- B24B53/00—Devices or means for dressing or conditioning abrasive surfaces
- B24B53/06—Devices or means for dressing or conditioning abrasive surfaces of profiled abrasive wheels
- B24B53/062—Devices or means for dressing or conditioning abrasive surfaces of profiled abrasive wheels using rotary dressing tools
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
- B24D—TOOLS FOR GRINDING, BUFFING OR SHARPENING
- B24D18/00—Manufacture of grinding tools or other grinding devices, e.g. wheels, not otherwise provided for
- B24D18/009—Tools not otherwise provided for
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Abstract
The invention discloses a tool and a method for preparing a structured forming grinding wheel, and belongs to the technical field of preparation of structured grinding wheels. The tool for preparing the structured forming grinding wheel comprises a plurality of diamond rings, wherein the circumferential surface of each diamond ring is provided with a cutting edge with controllable parameters, the structured forming grinding wheels with different section shapes can be prepared by adjusting the arrangement and assembly mode of the diamond rings, the preparation cost of the structured forming grinding wheel is greatly reduced, and compared with common structured tools such as single-point diamond pens, laser beams and the like, the tool for preparing the structured forming grinding wheel can greatly improve the preparation efficiency of the structured forming grinding wheel.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of preparation of structured grinding wheels, and particularly relates to a tool and a method for preparing a structured forming grinding wheel.
Background
The grinding wheel is used as an important consolidation grinding tool, and the grinding performance of the grinding wheel has an important influence on the surface quality of a processed workpiece. The preparation of the structured grinding wheel means that the microscopic or macroscopic appearance of the surface of the grinding wheel is controlled in the manufacturing or finishing process of the grinding wheel so as to obtain regular abrasive particle arrangement or a groove structure, so that the storage and transportation capacity of grinding fluid and abrasive dust is enhanced, and the grinding performance of the grinding wheel is improved. At present, the preparation methods of the structuring method are mainly divided into two categories: one is to realize the surface structurization of the grinding wheel in the preparation process of the grinding wheel (for example, the structured grinding wheel is prepared by adopting the modes of ordered arrangement of abrasive particles, precise control of geometric parameters of the abrasive particles, surface structure design of the grinding wheel and the like), and the other is to realize the surface structurization by slightly cutting off the abrasive layer of the traditional grinding wheel by using a finishing tool (for example, a diamond pen/cutting sheet and a laser beam).
At present, a plurality of research reports are provided on the preparation of the structured parallel grinding wheel. For example, in the patent of "manufacturing method of a microstructured large-abrasive-particle diamond grinding wheel" with publication number CN103465187A, by controlling the relative motion trajectory of the grinding wheel and the pulse laser beam, micro grooves with a depth and width in the range of 10 μm to 50 μm are processed on the circumferential surface of the parallel grinding wheel, the manufactured structured grinding wheel can significantly reduce the grinding force and heat, but the grooves with a 90 ° direction angle on the surface of the grinding wheel are copied to the surface of the workpiece during grinding, resulting in poor surface accuracy of the workpiece after grinding; in the patent of "a CVD diamond grinding wheel with ordered and micro-structured surface" and its preparation method, with publication No. CN107962510A, a layer of diamond film is deposited on the outer circumferential surface of the grinding wheel hub by chemical vapor deposition, and then a pulse laser beam is used to cut a large number of grooves with the same geometric size on the outer circumferential surface of the diamond film, so as to form a large number of micro-grinding units. In the related literature reports, penyao and the like propose a method for preparing a structured grinding wheel by abrasive water jet, wherein the abrasive water jet is used as a processing means to open a groove on the surface of the grinding wheel.
Aiming at the problems of surface burning, cracks and the like of a workpiece in the forming grinding process, the structured forming grinding wheel has wide application prospect. At present, the research of the structured forming grinding wheel is still in the starting stage, no relevant patent report is seen, and in the literature report, only Forbrigger et al have carried out the relevant research of the groove type structured forming grinding wheel, which adopts a single-point diamond pen to process grooves on the surface of the forming grinding wheel along the section contour line of the grinding wheel at a set feed rate and cutting depth. Although the method can prepare the structured forming grinding wheel, the preparation efficiency and the precision are low. Therefore, in order to meet the requirements of forming grinding on reducing grinding force and heat, a method for preparing a structured forming grinding wheel integrating high efficiency, high precision and high quality is urgently needed.
The invention aims to provide a tool and a method for preparing a structured forming grinding wheel, so that the grinding performance of the grinding wheel is improved, and the problems of surface blockage of the grinding wheel, surface burn of a workpiece and the like in the forming grinding process are solved.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a tool and a method for preparing a structured formed grinding wheel, so as to improve the cooling and lubricating conditions of the surface of the formed grinding wheel.
A tool for preparing a structured forming grinding wheel comprises a plurality of steel rings, a plurality of CVD diamond rings, positioning columns, a steel matrix and threaded holes; through holes are formed in the middle parts of the steel ring and the CVD diamond ring; the positioning column penetrates through the through hole to fix the steel ring and the CVD diamond ring together; the positioning column is fixed with the steel base body through a screw; the plurality of steel rings and the plurality of CVD diamond rings are alternately arranged along the axial direction of the structured tool, the CVD diamond rings on the same circumferential line have the same inner diameter and outer diameter, the CVD diamond rings on different circumferential lines along the axial direction of the tool have the same inner diameter and different outer diameters, the CVD diamond rings on the same circumferential line are uniformly distributed in the circumferential direction of the steel substrate, and the included angle between the diamond rings is gamma; cutting edges are machined on the circumferential surface of the CVD diamond ring, and the area between the cutting edges is a pulse laser scanning area; the tool is arranged on a main shaft of a grinding machine when the structured forming grinding wheel is prepared, is driven by the main shaft to rotate at a set rotating speed, and then is in contact with the forming grinding wheel for opposite grinding to prepare the structured forming grinding wheel.
A method of making a structured shaped grinding wheel comprising the steps of:
And 2, optimally designing the geometric parameters of the CVD diamond ring. According to the cross section geometry of the formed grinding wheel and the axial width B of the surface groove thereof
0Axial distance F between grooves
0Equal parameter, optimized design CVD diamond ring external diameter r
i(i-1, 2,3, …, N), central angle α
i(i ═ 1,2,3, …, N), width B, number S, and the like.
And 3, selectively ablating the circumferential surface of the CVD diamond ring by using the short pulse laser beam to prepare a cutting edge.
And 4, assembling and debugging the structured tool. And sequentially mounting the CVD diamond ring and a steel ring for separating the CVD diamond ring on a steel substrate, and screwing screws at two ends of the tool to finally obtain the structural tool matched with the section contour line of the formed grinding wheel. The laser micrometer moves at a constant speed along the structured tool axis to detect circular run-out of the rotating structured tool. And (4) repeating the step until the radial circular runout of the tool reaches below 15 mu m.
Further, in step 1, the quantitative relationship between the number N of feature points and the width M of the grinding wheel can be expressed as:
in the formula, B
0Is the width of the trench, F
0For the groove axial spacing, INT { } denotes rounding.
Further, in step 1, the number K of the grooves on the cross section where each feature point is located is determined
i(i is an integer of 1,2,3, …, N) and the grooves are uniformly distributed in the circumferential direction of the grinding wheel, the groove length L in the circumferential direction of the grinding wheel is
iSpaced circumferentially from the groove by a distance H
iThe sum should satisfy the following formula:
in the formula, L
i(i ═ 1,2,3, …, N) is the groove length in the grinding wheel circumferential direction, H
i(i ═ 1,2,3, …, N) is the groove circumferential spacing.
Further, in step 2, the outer diameter r of the CVD diamond ring
iCentral angle α
iCan be expressed as follows:
r
i＝Δ+r
0+P-R
i,(i＝1,2,3,···,N)
in the formula, r
0The outer diameter of the steel ring in step 4 is 50mm, and P is MAX { R ═ R {
1,R
2,R
3,…,R
NMAX denotes taking the maximum value, △ is to satisfy P-R
iThe characteristic point corresponding to 0 corresponds to a CVD diamond ring protruding by a height of 5mm compared to the steel ring, R
i(i-1, 2,3, …, N) is the distance from each characteristic point to the grinding wheel axis, the CVD diamond ring center angle α is determined by the length L of the groove in the circumferential direction of the grinding wheel and the circumferential spacing H
iThe optimal design of (i ═ 1,2,3, …, N) should satisfy both the following equations:
in the formula, n
2The rotating speed of the structural tool; n is
1The rotational speed of the grinding wheel; r
iFor the distance of each characteristic point to the axis of the grinding wheel, r
iThe outer diameter of the CVD diamond ring corresponding to each feature point.
Further, in step 2, the width B of the CVD diamond ring and the axial width B of the structured trench
0Are equal.
Further, in step 3, the direction angle of the cutting edge on the circumferential surface of the CVD diamond ring (the included angle between the cutting edge and the axis of the tool) is 30 degrees, and the edge-cutting height h is about 30-40 μm.
Further, in the step 3, a galvanometer type nanosecond laser is adopted to process the diamond ring, wherein the pulse width is 20ns, the pulse repetition frequency is 50KHz, and the laser power is 25W.
Furthermore, a plurality of micro holes are processed on the surfaces of the CVD diamond ring and the steel ring in the steps 3 and 4 in advance for assembling and positioning, and the inner diameter D of the CVD diamond ring and the steel ring is equal to the outer diameter of the steel substrate.
Further, in step 4, the thickness of the steel substrate is equal to the width M of the formed grinding wheel;
further, the width F of the steel ring and the axial distance of the structured groove in the step 4F
0Are equal.
Further, in step 5, the laser micrometer moves along the axial direction of the structured tool at a constant speed of 15mm/min to measure the structured tool rotating at a speed of 400rev/min, the sampling frequency is 50KHz, and the sampling interval is 0.1 μm.
The beneficial effects of the invention include:
1. the structuring efficiency is high. When the structured grinding wheel is prepared by using the single-point diamond pen and the pulse laser, the surface of the grinding wheel can only be divided into a plurality of areas for processing, so that the processing efficiency is low. The invention adopts the diamond ring assembling tool which is matched with the contour shape of the formed grinding wheel for structurization, and can simultaneously structurize the whole working surface of the grinding wheel, thereby greatly improving the processing efficiency.
2. The application range is wide. The method can be used for preparing the forming structured grinding wheels with various cross-sectional profiles, and can obtain the tool fitting the shape of the cross-sectional profile of the grinding wheel by assembling the diamond rings with different outer diameters according to the cross-sectional profiles of different forming grinding wheels. In addition, the mode of assembling the diamond rings in a staggered mode also avoids copying the shape of the groove on the surface of the grinding wheel to the surface of a workpiece, so that the surface quality of the machined workpiece is low.
3. The processing controllability is high. The invention can accurately control parameters such as the width, the circumferential spacing, the axial spacing and the like of the structured groove by orderly assembling the diamond ring and the separating steel ring, and can control the depth of the groove by controlling the feeding depth between the structured tool and the grinding wheel. Therefore, the invention can prepare the structured grinding wheel with different parameter requirements with high controllability.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a structured form wheel tool;
FIG. 2 is a characteristic parameter of a structured groove of a working surface of a forming grinding wheel;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the collection of the characteristic points of the contour line of the formed grinding wheel;
FIG. 4 is a schematic structural view of a CVD diamond ring;
FIG. 5 is a schematic circumferential spacing of adjacent CVD diamond rings on the same circumferential line;
FIG. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of a steel ring;
FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of a structured wheel manufacturing process.
Wherein, 1-steel ring; 2-CVD diamond ring; 3-adjacent CVD diamond rings; 4-a positioning column; a 5-steel substrate; 6-screw; 7-structured trenches; 8-grinding wheel axis; 9-feature points; 10-CVD diamond ring cutting edge; 11-pulsed laser scanning area; 12-a through hole; 13-grinding machine spindle; 14-workpiece spindle.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. The following examples are intended to illustrate the invention but are not intended to limit the scope of the invention. The embodiment aims at a concave arc-shaped grinding wheel, the diameter of an inner hole of a grinding wheel base body is 20mm, the outer diameter of the grinding wheel base body is 100mm, the thickness of a grinding material layer is 8mm, the radius of an arc is 4mm, and the width of the grinding wheel is 8 mm. The prepared structured grinding wheel needs to meet the following requirements: the axial width of the groove is 1mm, the groove interval in the axial direction of the grinding wheel is 1mm, the groove depth is 3mm, the circumferential length of the groove is within the range of 1-30 mm, and the circumferential interval of the groove is within the range of 1-30 mm.
Example 1
As shown in fig. 1 to 7, a tool for manufacturing a structured forming grinding wheel comprises a steel ring 1, a CVD diamond ring 2, adjacent diamond rings 3, a positioning column 4, a steel substrate 5, a threaded hole 6, through holes 12 arranged in the middle of the steel ring 1 and the CVD diamond ring, wherein the positioning column 4 penetrates through the through holes 12 to fix a plurality of steel rings and CVD diamond rings together, two ends of the positioning column 4 are fixed with the steel substrate 5 through screws 6, the steel ring 1 and the CVD diamond ring are arranged outside the steel substrate 5, the steel ring 1 is arranged at two ends of the axis of the steel substrate 5, the circumferential surface of the CVD diamond ring is provided with cutting edges 10, and the area between the adjacent cutting edges 10 of the CVD diamond ring is a pulsed laser scanning area 11; the steel rings and the CVD diamond rings are alternately arranged along the axial direction of the structured tool, the CVD diamond rings on the same circumferential line are uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction of the steel substrate, and the included angle between every two adjacent CVD diamond rings is gamma.
A method of making a structured formed wheel using the tool described above, comprising the steps of:
in the formula, B
0Is the width of the trench, F
0For the groove axial spacing, INT { } denotes rounding. In this embodiment, the width M of the grinding wheel is 8mm, and the axial width B of the groove
0Axial spacing of grooves F
0Taking 1mm, calculating to obtain the number N of characteristic points which are 4 in the formula, wherein the characteristic points are positioned on the central line of each groove in the axial direction of the grinding wheel, and measuring to obtain the distance R from each characteristic point to the axis of the grinding wheel
i(i-1, 2,3,4) 56.06mm, 54.29mm, 54.03mm, 54.88mm, respectively.
As shown in FIG. 2, the number K of grooves 7 in the cross section of each feature point 9 is set to be equal to
i(i is an integer of 1,2,3,4) and the grooves are uniformly distributed in the circumferential direction of the grinding wheel, the groove length L in the circumferential direction of the grinding wheel is
iSpaced circumferentially from the groove by a distance H
iThe sum should satisfy the following formula:
in this embodiment, the distances R at 4 feature points are set
i(i is 1,2,3,4) is substituted into the above formula to obtain the sum (L) of the groove length and the groove circumferential pitch on the cross section where the 4 feature points are located
i+H
i) Should be 352, 340, 345 divided by K, respectively. In order to facilitate the design of the parameters of the diamond ring in the subsequent step 2, the number K of the grooves on the section where the 4 characteristic points are located is determined
iThe values of (i ═ 1,2,3, and 4) were 16, 20, and 15, respectively, and the corresponding L was calculated from these values
i、H
iAre respectively L
1＝10mm、H
1＝12mm，L
2＝7mm、H
2＝10mm，L
3＝7mm、H
3＝10mm，L
4＝10mm、H
4＝13mm。
And 2, optimally designing the geometric parameters of the CVD diamond ring. As shown in figure 4, according to the cross-sectional geometry of the concave arc-shaped grinding wheel and the axial width B of the surface groove thereof
0Axial distance F between grooves
0Parameter, outer diameter r of CVD diamond ring
i(i-1, 2,3,4), central angle α
i(i ═ 1,2,3,4), width B, and number S parameters, and the specific expression is as follows:
r
i＝Δ+r
0+P-R
i,(i＝1,2,3,4)
in the formula, r
0The outer diameter of the separating steel ring 1 in figure 6 is 50mm, and P is MAX { R ═ R {
1,R
2,R
3,R
4MAX denotes taking the maximum value, △ is to satisfy P-R
iThe CVD diamond ring corresponding to the feature point of 0 has a protrusion height of 5mm compared to the steel ring, and therefore, in this embodiment, the CVD diamond ring outer diameters corresponding to the 4 feature points are 55mm, 56.77mm, 57.03mm, and 56.18mm, respectively, and the CVD diamond ring center angle α is determined according to the requirements of the length L and the circumferential distance H of the groove in the circumferential direction of the grinding wheel
iThe optimal design of (i ═ 1,2,3 and 4) should satisfy the following two formulas:
in the formula, n
2The rotating speed of the structural tool is 200 r/min; n is
1The rotating speed of the grinding wheel is 196 r/min; r
iFor the distance of each characteristic point to the axis of the grinding wheel, r
iThe outer diameter of the CVD diamond ring corresponding to each feature point. In this embodiment, the circle center angles of the optimally designed CVD diamond ring are 41 °, 71 °, and 65 °, respectively. Further, the number S of the CVD diamond rings corresponding to each feature point may be 6, 4, respectively, and the interval angles γ of the corresponding CVD diamond rings in the circumferential direction are 19 °, 25 °, respectively, as shown in fig. 5. In addition, the width B of the CVD diamond ring 2 and the width B of the trench
0Equal to that, in this example, the value is 1 mm.
And 3, preparing a cutting edge of the CVD diamond ring, fixing the CVD diamond ring by a rotary fixture, then installing the CVD diamond ring on a grinding machine spindle, removing the material of a specific area 11 on the circumferential surface of the CVD diamond ring by adopting a galvanometer type short pulse laser beam, equally dividing the central angle α of the CVD diamond ring 2 during processing, dividing the circumferential surface of the diamond ring into a plurality of parts, and sequentially processing, wherein the angular rotation of the CVD diamond ring is accurately controlled by the grinding machine spindle, and the scanning area of the laser processing is a rectangular area with specific parameters of 20ns of pulse width, 840mm/s of laser beam scanning speed, 50KHz of pulse repetition frequency, 25W of laser power and 20 times of laser cycle scanning, so that the surface of the CVD diamond ring shown in figure 4 is finally obtained, the cutting height h of the surface cutting edge 10 is about 30-40 mu m, and the included angle between the cutting edge and the tool axis is about 30 degrees.
And 4, assembling and debugging the structured tool. As shown in the attached figure 1, the positioning columns 4 sequentially penetrate through holes 12 in the CVD diamond rings and are installed on a base body 5, the positions of the characteristic points in the step 1 correspond to the positions of the diamond rings, the thickness of the base body is equal to the width M of a grinding wheel, the thickness of the base body is 8mm, a steel ring 1 used for separating the diamond rings is embedded between the adjacent diamond rings, and the outer diameter of the steel ring is r
0The inner diameter is equal to that of the diamond ring, and the width F is equal to the axial distance F between the grooves
0And when the thickness is equal to 1mm, sequentially installing all the diamond rings and the steel rings, and then screwing the screws 6 at the two ends of the tool to finally obtain the structural tool matched with the section contour line of the concave arc-shaped grinding wheel. The laser micrometer moves along the axial direction of the structured tool at a constant speed of 15mm/min to detect the circular runout of the structured tool rotating at a rotating speed of 400r/min, the sampling frequency is 50KHz, and the sampling interval is 0.1 mu m. And (4) repeating the step until the radial circular runout of the tool reaches below 15 mu m.
And 5, preparing the structured forming grinding wheel. As shown in fig. 7, a formed grinding wheel and a structured tool are respectively installed on a grinding spindle 13 and a workpiece spindle 14 of a three-axis linkage high-precision air-floatation spindle grinding machine, the axis of the grinding wheel and the axis of the structured tool are in the same vertical plane by adjusting the relative position of the spindle of the grinding machine, the coordinate position of the workpiece spindle is adjusted to enable the structured tool to approach the grinding wheel, an AE signal source generated by the contact between the structured tool and the grinding wheel is fed back by using a rotary AE sensor installed on the workpiece spindle, and when the amplitude of the AE signal is detected to change suddenly, the workpiece spindle stops feeding, and tool setting is completed. The grinding wheel and the structural tool respectively rotate at a set rotating speed n
1、n
2And rotating, wherein according to the requirements of the groove parameters of the structured grinding wheel, the structured tool is in contact with the grinding wheel for opposite grinding (forward grinding) at a set feed rate of 4m/min and a cutting depth of 0.05 mm/time, the accumulated cutting depth is 3mm, the structured grinding wheel is prepared in a manner similar to forming grinding, and discontinuous grooves with controllable characteristic parameters can be processed on the surface of the formed grinding wheel, so that the preparation of the structured grinding wheel is completed.
Although the present invention has been described with reference to a preferred embodiment, it should be understood that various changes, substitutions and alterations can be made herein without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims.
Claims (10)
1. A tool for preparing a structured forming grinding wheel is characterized by comprising a plurality of steel rings, a plurality of CVD diamond rings, positioning columns, a steel substrate and threaded holes; through holes are formed in the middle parts of the steel ring and the CVD diamond ring; the positioning column penetrates through the through hole to fix the steel ring and the CVD diamond ring together; the positioning column is fixed with the steel base body through a screw; the plurality of steel rings and the plurality of CVD diamond rings are alternately arranged along the axial direction of the structured tool, the CVD diamond rings on the same circumferential line have the same inner diameter and outer diameter, the CVD diamond rings on different circumferential lines along the axial direction of the tool have the same inner diameter and different outer diameters, the CVD diamond rings on the same circumferential line are uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction of the steel substrate, and the included angle between every two adjacent CVD diamond rings is gamma; cutting edges are machined on the circumferential surface of the CVD diamond ring, and the area between the cutting edges is a pulse laser scanning area; the tool is arranged on a main shaft of a grinding machine when the structured forming grinding wheel is prepared, is driven by the main shaft to rotate at a set rotating speed, and then is in contact with the forming grinding wheel for opposite grinding to prepare the structured forming grinding wheel.
2. A method of making a structured formed grinding wheel comprising the steps of:
step 1, designing groove parameters of the surface of a structured grinding wheel; the characteristic point is positioned on the profile line of the section of the concave arc-shaped grinding wheel, and a structured groove is arranged on the working surface of the concave arc-shaped grinding wheel; scanning the concave arc-shaped grinding wheel axially at a constant speed by using a laser micrometer to obtain height characteristic data of each scanning point on a contour line of the concave arc-shaped grinding wheel, and fitting by using MATLAB software to obtain a contour line of the cross section of the grinding wheel; according to the axial width B of the groove on the surface of the structured grinding wheel
0Axial distance F
0Selecting N characteristic points on the profile line of the section of the grinding wheel, obtaining the distance R from the characteristic points to the axis of the grinding wheel, and sequentially marking the distance R along the axial direction of the grinding wheel
1,R
2,R
3,…,R
N(ii) a Optimally designing the circumferential length L of the groove
i(i ═ 1,2,3, …, N) by the groove circumferential spacing H
i(i-1, 2,3, …, N) parameters；
Step 2, optimally designing the geometric parameters of the CVD diamond ring; according to the cross section geometry of the formed grinding wheel and the axial width B of the surface groove thereof
0Axial distance F between grooves
0Optimally designing the outer diameter r of the CVD diamond ring
i(i-1, 2,3, …, N), central angle α
i(i ═ 1,2,3, …, N), width B, number S parameters;
3, selectively ablating the circumferential surface of the CVD diamond ring by using a short pulse laser beam to prepare a cutting edge;
step 4, assembling and debugging a structured tool; sequentially mounting the CVD diamond ring and a steel ring for separating the CVD diamond ring on a steel substrate, and then screwing screws at two ends of the tool to finally obtain a structural tool matched with the section contour line of the formed grinding wheel; the laser micrometer moves along the axial direction of the structural tool at a constant speed to detect the circular runout of the rotating structural tool; repeating the step 4 until the radial circular runout of the tool reaches below 15 mu m;
step 5, preparing a tool setting and a structured grinding wheel, namely respectively installing the grinding wheel and a structured tool on a grinding main shaft and a workpiece main shaft of a three-shaft linkage high-precision air floatation main shaft grinding machine, enabling the axis of the grinding wheel and the axis of the structured tool to be in the same vertical plane by adjusting the relative position of the main shaft of the grinding machine, adjusting the coordinate position of the workpiece main shaft to enable the structured tool to approach the grinding wheel, feeding an AE signal source generated by the contact of the structured tool and the grinding wheel back by utilizing a rotary AE sensor installed on the workpiece main shaft, stopping feeding the workpiece main shaft when detecting that the amplitude of the AE signal is suddenly changed, and finishing the tool setting; the grinding wheel and the structural tool respectively rotate at a set rotating speed n
1、n
2And rotating, and according to the requirements of the groove parameters of the structured grinding wheel, carrying out contact and opposite grinding on the structured tool and the grinding wheel at a set feed rate and a set cutting depth to prepare the structured grinding wheel in a manner similar to form grinding, and machining discontinuous grooves with controllable characteristic parameters on the surface of the grinding wheel so as to finish the preparation of the structured grinding wheel.
3. A method of making a structured profiled grinding wheel according to claim 2 wherein in step 1, the number of features N in relation to the number of wheel widths M is expressed as:
in the formula, B
0Is the width of the trench, F
0INT { } denotes taking the integer for the groove axial spacing.
4. The method of claim 2, wherein in step 1, the number of grooves K in the cross section of each feature point is selected to be the same as the number of grooves K in the cross section of each feature point
i(i is an integer of 1,2,3, …, N) and the grooves are uniformly distributed in the circumferential direction of the grinding wheel, the groove length L in the circumferential direction of the grinding wheel is
iSpaced circumferentially from the groove by a distance H
iThe sum should satisfy the following formula:
5. a method of making a structured profiled grinding wheel according to claim 2 wherein in step 2, the CVD diamond ring has an outer diameter r
iCentral angle α
iCan be expressed as follows:
r
i＝Δ+r
0+P-R
i,(i＝1,2,3,···,N)
in the formula, r
0The outer diameter of the steel ring in step 4 is 50mm, and P is MAX { R ═ R {
1,R
2,R
3,…,R
NMAX denotes taking the maximum value, △ is to satisfy P-R
iThe characteristic point corresponding to 0 corresponds to a CVD diamond ring protruding by a height of 5mm compared to the steel ring, R
i(i is 1,2,3, …, N) is the distance between each characteristic point and the grinding wheel axis, and the central angle α of the CVD diamond ring is required according to the length L of the groove in the circumferential direction of the grinding wheel and the circumferential distance H
iThe optimal design of (i ═ 1,2,3, …, N) should satisfy both the following equations:
in the formula, n
2The rotating speed of the structural tool; n is
1The rotational speed of the grinding wheel; r
iFor the distance of each characteristic point to the axis of the grinding wheel, r
iThe outer diameter of the CVD diamond ring corresponding to each feature point.
6. The method of making a structured grinding wheel according to claim 2, wherein the width B of the CVD diamond ring and the axial width B of the structured groove
0Are equal.
7. A method of making a structured profiled grinding wheel as claimed in claim 2 wherein in step 3 the angle between the cutting edge on the circumferential surface of the CVD diamond ring and the tool axis is 30 ° and the height of the cutting edge h is about 30-40 μm, and the diamond ring is machined using a galvanometer nanosecond laser with a pulse width of 20ns, a pulse repetition rate of 50KHz and a laser power of 25W.
8. The method for preparing the structured form grinding wheel according to claim 2, wherein in the steps 3 and 4, the surfaces of the CVD diamond ring and the steel ring are processed with a plurality of micropores in advance for assembling and positioning, and the inner diameter D of the CVD diamond ring and the steel ring is equal to the outer diameter of the steel substrate.
9. A method of making a structured formed wheel according to claim 2 wherein in step 4 the thickness of the steel substrate is equal to the width M of the formed wheel.
10. A method of making a structured profiled grinding wheel according to claim 2 wherein the width F of the steel ring and the axial spacing F of the structured groove in step 4 are such that
0Are equal.
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| CN (1) | CN110774177B (en) |
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| CN115431130A (en) * | 2022-08-25 | 2022-12-06 | 山西光兴光电科技有限公司 | Correcting device for glass grinding equipment and glass grinding equipment |
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| CA2194372A1 (en) * | 1994-07-13 | 1996-02-01 | Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company | Holder for an abrading disk tool |
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| CN110774177B (en) | 2021-03-30 |
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