CN111277537A - Data transmission method based on cubic constellation masking and three-dimensional photon probability forming - Google Patents
Data transmission method based on cubic constellation masking and three-dimensional photon probability forming Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to a data transmission method based on cubic constellation masking and three-dimensional photon probability forming, which comprises the following steps: mapping original binary data into multi-level symbols, and dividing the obtained multi-carrier into a plurality of sub-carriers after serial-parallel change; cubic constellation masking is carried out on each subcarrier, and the subcarrier constellation after cubic constellation masking becomes a sphere; then, carrying out three-dimensional probability molding on the newly generated spherical subcarrier constellation diagram; shaping the signals of each subcarrier after the three-dimensional probability forming by a filter group; then uniformly carrying out multi-carrier masking on the shaped subcarriers; and finally, integrating all the subcarriers after the multicarrier masking and sending out the subcarriers through a channel. The invention can effectively improve the complexity of the security key and reduce the transmitting power of the system, thereby improving the system performance.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to an optical transmission technology in the technical field of communication, in particular to a data transmission method based on cubic constellation masking and three-dimensional photon probability forming.
Background
With the rapid development of services such as cloud computing, high-definition video, big data, virtual reality technology and the like, the demand of people on network bandwidth is continuously increased, and after all dimensions such as wavelength, frequency, polarization and the like are multiplexed, the capacity of an optical network is continuously close to the shannon limit. And the mode division multiplexing technology based on spatial multiplexing can utilize a multi-mode multi-core fiber to enable the transmission rate to reach the order of p bits. Meanwhile, multicarrier technology is receiving more and more attention in optical networks. Multicarrier techniques may provide greater capacity and flexible bandwidth. A series of multicarrier techniques such as optical Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) and Wavelength Division Multiplexing (WDM) have been proposed in succession. The OFDM system has the greatest advantage that signals of the OFDM system are orthogonal to each other in both time domain and frequency domain, so that the spectral efficiency of the OFDM system can be effectively improved, and the OFDM system can effectively resist selective fading and narrow-band interference. The structure of the whole system is relatively simple, and the selection of the modulation mode is flexible. However, in order to remove intersymbol interference (ISI), the OFDM system needs to add a Cyclic Prefix (CP) to a signal, which may result in a reduction in data transmission efficiency. Secondly, there are large side lobes and out-of-band leakage in the OFDM communication system, which greatly consumes optical signals, and the OFDM system is also very susceptible to carrier frequency shift and phase noise. The filter bank multi-carrier (FBMC) can ensure the independence of sub-carrier channels by utilizing a specially designed prototype filter, does not need a cyclic prefix any more, and improves the transmission efficiency of a system. Meanwhile, the FBMC system has small out-band radiation and stronger anti-interference capability than the OFDM system. Therefore, the FBMC system has a great application prospect. Network security is drawing more and more attention while meeting the increasing demand for network bandwidth. In the development process of network security, there are two methods, namely upper layer information encryption and physical layer encryption. Physical layer encryption is of greater interest due to its transparency characteristics and the overall protection of data. Optical code division multiple access (OCDM) and chaotic encryption techniques have been widely studied. Chaos-based schemes are highly appreciated due to unpredictable randomness and high sensitivity to initial values.
With the development of Digital Signal Processing (DSP) technology, it becomes more convenient to implement physical layer encryption in an optical system, so that the encryption of the physical layer has a very wide application prospect. For the traditional encryption method of the physical layer, the encryption is realized by changing the positions of two-dimensional constellation points based on a two-dimensional constellation diagram, and the key space and the encryption flexibility are relatively poor. Therefore, the patent provides a novel three-dimensional constellation encryption mode, namely an encryption mode of cubic constellation masking, and the constellation points are rotated into a spherical shell through the change of the positions of the constellation points in the three-dimensional space, so that the encryption flexibility can be effectively improved, and the key space is greatly improved. However, for a common three-dimensional encryption mode, since the constellation points are too dispersed in a three-dimensional space and a plurality of constellation points too far away from the origin of coordinates exist, the constellation points are easily misjudged in a judgment process, and finally, the error rate of a system is improved, and the transmission performance of the system is affected. Under the background, the three-dimensional photon probability forming transmission method is provided on the basis of cubic constellation masking, and constellation points which are too far away from an original point are compressed to a position which is closer to the original point, so that misjudgment is reduced in a judgment process, the error rate is reduced, and the system performance is improved.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above problems, an object of the present invention is to provide a data transmission method based on cubic constellation masking and three-dimensional photon probability modeling, which can make a constellation space spherical through cubic constellation masking, and is difficult to identify original data, and a security key is composed of initial values and parameters of chaotic mapping of different blocks, interval parameters, and time delays of symbol streams in different dimensions, and the security key has a high complexity and a better security performance for the original data. Meanwhile, a spherical constellation diagram after cubic constellation masking is compressed by using a three-dimensional probability forming technology, so that the emission probability of points with higher energy is reduced, the emission probability of inner constellation points with lower energy is improved, the frequency spectrum efficiency of a system is improved, the emission power of the system is reduced, and the performance of the system is improved.
In order to achieve the technical purpose, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
a data transmission method based on cubic constellation masking and three-dimensional photon probability forming comprises the following steps:
mapping original binary data into multi-level symbols, and dividing the obtained multi-carrier into a plurality of sub-carriers after serial-parallel change;
step two, cubic constellation masking is carried out on each subcarrier, and the subcarrier constellation after cubic constellation masking becomes a sphere;
step three, carrying out three-dimensional probability molding on the newly generated spherical subcarrier constellation diagram;
shaping the signals of each subcarrier after the three-dimensional probability molding through a filter group;
step five, uniformly performing multi-carrier masking on the shaped subcarriers;
and step six, integrating all the subcarriers after the multi-carrier masking and sending out the subcarriers through a channel.
In order to optimize the technical scheme, the specific measures adopted further comprise:
in the first step, the time slot three-dimensional mapping is performed on the original binary data through the time slot mapping unit, the one-dimensional data stream is converted into a three-dimensional carrier stream, and the three-dimensional carrier stream is converted into a serial-parallel carrier stream through the serial-parallel conversion unit and then is divided into a plurality of subcarriers by the beam splitter.
In the second step, each subcarrier is subjected to cubic constellation masking by a cubic constellation masking module, the cubic constellation masking module comprises a Chua's circuit model, masking vectors of the cubic constellation masking are generated by chaotic mapping based on the Chua's circuit model, symbols of the chaotic mapping are separated into different blocks for cubic constellation masking, the different blocks are distributed with different initial values to generate different masking vectors, and the specific cubic constellation masking method comprises the following steps:
f(x)＝bx+0.5(a-b)(|x+1|-|x-1|)
wherein α, a, b are constants, x, y, z, t are variables, from this model we can get three chaotic sequences (x, y, z) to generate a masking vector, where (x, y) is used for cubic constellation masking and z is used for multi-carrier masking in step five, the mapped symbols are divided into different sub-carriers to perform cubic constellation masking, different sub-carriers are allocated with different initial values to generate a masking vector, and the symbol of the k-th sub-carrier can be expressed as:
wherein，dk,1,dk,2,dk,3Representing the three-dimensional symbol of the input, r, delta theta,
respectively representing the distance, the inclination angle and the direction angle of the three-dimensional symbol from the origin in space;
suppose the cubic constellation mask vector on the k-th subcarrier is ωk,jThen the vector after constellation masking is expressed as:
wherein, ω isk,j＝Arg(x′k,j+i*y′k,j)+Arg(Sk(-τj))，τjRepresenting the time delay of the symbol stream, i being the imaginary unit, SkRepresenting the position of the original three-dimensional symbol, the subcarrier constellation space becomes spherical after masking by the cubic constellation.
In the fifth step, the shaped subcarriers are input into a multicarrier masking unit, the multicarrier masking unit is configured to generate a GFBMC/CAP signal, and assuming that the number of subcarriers is K, a masking vector may be represented as:
ω'＝mod(floor(((z+1)/2×102),K)
wherein omega' defines the index of the multi-carrier, z represents the chaos sequence generated by the Chua chaos model, so that the masking frequency is fkThe subcarrier after multicarrier masking may be represented as:
S″k＝S′kArg(S′ω')
S″k、S′k、S′ω'respectively representing the symbol position after the cubic constellation is masked, the symbol position of the subcarrier marked by omega', and the position of the final three-dimensional symbol after the multicarrier masking.
In the sixth step, the subcarrier signals masked by the multicarrier are integrated by a beam combiner, the channel is a 19-core 4-mode optical fiber, the integrated carrier is converted into an electric signal by a digital-to-analog converter, and then is subjected to electro-optical modulation in a modulator with a light source generated by a laser to generate an optical signal, and the optical signal enters the 19-core 4-mode optical fiber for transmission after passing through an optical filter and an erbium-doped optical fiber amplifier.
The optical signal is output through an outlet end of a channel, the optical signal is received by a photoelectric detector, the signal light is subjected to dispersion compensation through a digital signal processor, then filtered through a matched filter bank, subjected to de-matching through a cubic constellation masking de-matcher, and finally subjected to parallel-serial change and time slot de-mapping to obtain received binary data.
The transmission rate of the 19-core 4-mode optical fiber reaches 100Tbit/s, so that the transmission of p bit magnitude is realized.
The invention relates to a data transmission method based on cubic constellation masking and three-dimensional photon probability molding. And then masking the substreams by a cubic constellation, and carrying out non-uniform modulation on the sub-constellation points in each subcarrier by utilizing three-dimensional probability shaping. The masked symbols are shaped using a CAP modulated filter bank, the desired waveform is generated by an orthogonal filter with full reconstruction criteria, and further multi-carrier masking is performed. The high-reliability spherical 3-dimensional photon probability forming transmission method not only utilizes three-dimensional probability forming to modulate original constellation points, reduces the average transmitting power of the system and improves the utilization rate of frequency bands, but also achieves good encryption effect through cubic constellation masking, and the scheme provides larger key space and flexibility. Meanwhile, certain changes are made in a transmission channel, and a 19-core 4-mode optical fiber is used as the channel, so that the transmission rate can reach the p-bit order.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural flow diagram of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a spherical three-dimensional probability modeling of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a constellation diagram of a signal before and after masking by a cubic constellation;
FIG. 4 is a bifurcation process and phase diagram of the chaotic model;
Detailed Description
Embodiments of the present invention are described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
The system flow block diagram of the data transmission method based on cubic constellation masking and three-dimensional photon probability modeling is shown in fig. 1, and is specifically described as follows: the original binary data is firstly mapped into multi-level symbols, and after serial-parallel change, a multi-carrier is divided into a plurality of sub-carriers by a beam splitter. And on the basis of obtaining a plurality of carriers, cubic constellation masking is carried out on the carriers, wherein a masking vector of the cubic constellation masking is generated by chaotic mapping based on a Chua's circuit model. The symbols of the chaotic map are separated into different blocks for cubic constellation masking, with different blocks being assigned different initial values to produce different masking vectors. The constellation diagram masked by the cubic constellation becomes a sphere, and at the moment, the newly generated spherical constellation diagram is subjected to three-dimensional probability forming, so that the average power of the constellation is reduced, and the system performance is improved. The whole algorithm part is realized in Matlab through digital signal processing, then each subcarrier carries out shaping on signals through a filter group modulated by CAP, and a secondary f is adopted in the filtering process0～f8080 multiple carriers. The filter bank consists of 80 sets of Finite Impulse Response (FIR) filters with a roll coefficient of 0.15. Then, multi-carrier masking is further carried out, and masking vectors of the multi-carrier masking are also generated by chaos mapping based on a Chua's circuit model. The sub-carriers are integrated by a beam combiner and enter a modulator through a digital-to-analog converter, continuous laser with the wavelength of 1551.72nm is used as a light source, and a digital-to-analog converter (DAC) with the wavelength of 50Gs/s is adopted to generate an electric signal. The generated encrypted signal is electro-optically modulated with a light source in a modulator to generate an optical signal. An Optical Filter (OF) is used for slicing, resulting in optical single sideband modulation. Then, the optical signal passes through an erbium-doped fiber amplifier (EDFA) and enters a 25km 19-core 4-mode fiber for transmission. At the receiving end, a Variable Optical Attenuator (VOA) is placed behind the fiber for Bit Error Rate (BER) measurement. The optical signal is directly detected by a Photodiode (PD) and taken in by an analog-to-digital converter (ADC) with 100Gs/sAnd (6) sampling the lines. And processing the signal light by utilizing a matched filter group, and dematching the square constellation mask. And finally, carrying out parallel-serial change and time slot demapping to obtain received binary data, and calculating the error rate of the received data to analyze the performance of the whole system. The time slot mapping of the invention mainly has the function of carrying out time slot three-dimensional mapping on the input original binary symbols, thereby converting one-dimensional data stream into three-dimensional subcarrier stream. The structural principle is shown in fig. 2. The serial-parallel change mainly plays a role in representing a continuous signal element sequence as a group of parallel signal elements capable of representing the same information, so that the transmission rate is improved, and the transmission time is saved. The cubic constellation masking mainly functions to encrypt the signal light. We adopt Chua's circuit model as chaos mapping to generate cubic constellation masking vector. The specific method comprises the following steps:
f(x)＝bx+0.5(a-b)(|x+1|-|x-1|)
from this model we can get three chaotic sequences (x, y, z) to produce a masking vector, where (x, y) is used for cubic constellation masking and z is used for multicarrier masking.
Wherein d isk,1,dk,2,dk,3Representing the three-dimensional symbol of the input, r, delta theta,
respectively representing the distance, tilt angle and azimuth angle of the three-dimensional symbol from the origin in space.
Assuming cubic constellation masking on the k-th sub-carrierThe quantity being ωk,jThen the vector after constellation masking is expressed as:
wherein, ω isk,j＝Arg(x′k,j+i*y′k,j)+Arg(Sk(-τj))，τjRepresenting the time delay of the symbol stream, i being the imaginary unit, SkRepresenting the position of the original three-dimensional symbol. Due to the complex chaotic dynamics of the zeiss circuit model, the cubic constellation will experience different initial value masks, which ensures the sensitivity and security of the encryption system. After masking of the cubic constellation, the constellation space becomes spherical, as shown in fig. 3.
Fig. 4 shows the bifurcation process and the phase diagram of the chaotic model. As can be seen from the figure, when the value of a is less than 7.8, it can be observed that x has only a few possible values and the correct value is easily obtained, but when a becomes larger, it is difficult to identify the original data, so that the original data is well encrypted.
The spherical three-dimensional probability forming function is to perform non-uniform modulation on the constellation diagram after the cubic constellation is masked by utilizing the spherical three-dimensional probability forming, and compress constellation points which are far away from the sphere center and have higher energy to a place which is near to the sphere center and has lower energy, so that the system transmitting power is reduced, and the system performance is improved. The traditional probability modeling is two-dimensional, and peripheral constellation points are mapped to the interior through an algorithm. The spherical three-dimensional probability forming provided by the patent is constellation points distributed in a layered manner, in an actual constellation diagram, the distribution of the constellation points is not regular and can be mapped to positions different from the circle center, the constellation points can be approximately regarded as a plurality of layers of spherical distribution, and then the constellation points are compressed through the spherical three-dimensional probability forming.
The multi-carrier filter bank is used for generating a GFBMC/CAP signal and further carrying out multi-carrier masking. If the number of subcarriers is assumed to be K, the masking vector can be expressed as:
ω'＝mod(floor(((z+1)/2×102),K)
where ω' defines the index of the multi-carrier such that the masking frequency is fkThe signal above, z, represents the chaotic sequence produced by the Chua's chaotic model. The multi-carrier masked signal can be expressed as:
S″k＝S′kArg(S′ω')
S″k、S′k、S′ω'the symbol position after the cubic constellation masking, the symbol position of the subcarrier marked by omega' and the position of the final three-dimensional symbol after the multi-carrier masking are respectively represented, and the original data can be correctly received at a receiving end only by using a special safety key after the cubic constellation masking and the multi-carrier masking of the signal, so that the safety of data transmission is ensured.
The channel of the invention adopts a 19-core 4-mode optical fiber, and simultaneously, the 80-wave multiplexing wavelength division multiplexing channel has more cores and more transmission modes compared with a single-mode optical fiber. Compared with the single-mode fiber, the transmission rate is increased by 76 times, and the transmission of p bit magnitude can be realized on the basis of 100Tbit/s which can be achieved in the laboratory at present.
The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and the protection scope of the present invention is not limited to the above-mentioned embodiments, and all technical solutions belonging to the idea of the present invention belong to the protection scope of the present invention. It should be noted that modifications and embellishments within the scope of the invention may be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the principle of the invention.
Claims (7)
1. A data transmission method based on cubic constellation masking and three-dimensional photon probability forming is characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps:
mapping original binary data into multi-level symbols, and dividing the obtained multi-carrier into a plurality of sub-carriers after serial-parallel change;
step two, cubic constellation masking is carried out on each subcarrier, and the subcarrier constellation after cubic constellation masking becomes a sphere;
step three, carrying out three-dimensional probability molding on the newly generated spherical subcarrier constellation diagram;
shaping the signals of each subcarrier after the three-dimensional probability molding through a filter group;
step five, uniformly performing multi-carrier masking on the shaped subcarriers;
and step six, integrating all the subcarriers after the multi-carrier masking and sending out the subcarriers through a channel.
2. The data transmission method based on cubic constellation masking and three-dimensional photon probability modeling as claimed in claim 1, wherein: in the first step, the time slot three-dimensional mapping is carried out on the original binary data through a time slot mapping unit, one-dimensional data flow is changed into three-dimensional carrier flow, the three-dimensional carrier flow is subjected to serial-parallel change through a serial-parallel change unit, and then a multi-carrier is divided into a plurality of sub-carriers through a beam splitter.
3. The data transmission method based on cubic constellation masking and three-dimensional photon probability modeling as claimed in claim 1, wherein: in the second step, each subcarrier is subjected to cubic constellation masking through a cubic constellation masking module, the cubic constellation masking module comprises a Chua's circuit model, masking vectors of the cubic constellation masking are generated by chaotic mapping based on the Chua's circuit model, symbols of the chaotic mapping are separated into different blocks for cubic constellation masking, different blocks are distributed with different initial values to generate different masking vectors, and the specific cubic constellation masking method is as follows:
f(x)＝bx+0.5(a-b)(|x+1|-|x-1|)
wherein α, a, b are constants, x, y, z, t are variables, from this model we can get three chaotic sequences (x, y, z) to generate a masking vector, where (x, y) is used for cubic constellation masking and z is used for multi-carrier masking in step five, the mapped symbols are divided into different sub-carriers to perform cubic constellation masking, different sub-carriers are allocated with different initial values to generate a masking vector, and the symbol of the k-th sub-carrier can be expressed as:
wherein d isk,1,dk,2,dk,3Representing the three-dimensional symbol of the input, r, delta theta,
respectively representing the distance, the inclination angle and the direction angle of the three-dimensional symbol from the origin in space;
suppose the cubic constellation mask vector on the k-th subcarrier is ωk,jThen the vector after constellation masking is expressed as:
wherein, ω isk,j＝Arg(x′k,j+i*y′k,j)+Arg(Sk(-τj))，τjRepresenting the time delay of the symbol stream, i being the imaginary unit, SkRepresenting the position of the original three-dimensional symbol, the subcarrier constellation space becomes spherical after masking by the cubic constellation.
4. The data transmission method based on cubic constellation masking and three-dimensional photon probability modeling as claimed in claim 3, wherein: in the fifth step, the shaped subcarriers are input into a multicarrier masking unit, the multicarrier masking unit is used for generating GFBMC/CAP signals, and assuming that the number of the subcarriers is K, a masking vector can be expressed as:
ω'＝mod(floor(((z+1)/2×102),K)
wherein omega' defines the index of the multi-carrier, z represents the chaos sequence generated by the Chua chaos model, so that the masking frequency is fkThe subcarriers after the multicarrier masking can beExpressed as:
S″k＝S′kArg(S′ω')
S′k、S′ω'、S″krespectively representing the symbol position after the cubic constellation is masked, the symbol position of the subcarrier marked by omega', and the position of the final three-dimensional symbol after the multicarrier masking.
5. The data transmission method based on cubic constellation masking and three-dimensional photon probability modeling as claimed in claim 4, wherein: and step six, the subcarrier signals after the multi-carrier masking are integrated through a beam combiner, the channel is a 19-core 4-mode optical fiber, the integrated carrier is converted into an electric signal through a digital-to-analog converter, the electric signal and a light source generated by a laser are subjected to electro-optical modulation in a modulator to generate an optical signal, and the optical signal enters the 19-core 4-mode optical fiber for transmission after passing through an optical filter and an erbium-doped optical fiber amplifier.
6. The data transmission method based on cubic constellation masking and three-dimensional photon probability modeling as claimed in claim 5, wherein: the optical signal is output through an outlet end of a channel, the optical signal is received by a photoelectric detector, the signal light is subjected to dispersion compensation through a digital signal processor, then is filtered through a matched filter bank, is subjected to de-matching through a cubic constellation masking de-matcher, and finally is subjected to parallel-serial change and time slot de-mapping to obtain received binary data.
7. The data transmission method based on cubic constellation masking and three-dimensional photon probability modeling as claimed in claim 4, wherein: the transmission rate of the 19-core 4-mode optical fiber reaches 100Tbit/s, so that the transmission of p bit magnitude is realized.
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| CN112054888A (en) * | 2020-09-10 | 2020-12-08 | 南京信息工程大学 | Secret-level controllable multi-chaos masking optical transmission method for carriers, constellations and modes |
| CN112671529A (en) * | 2021-03-15 | 2021-04-16 | 南京信息工程大学 | Few-mode P-bit high-safety transmission method based on constellation disturbance |
| CN112751666A (en) * | 2020-12-16 | 2021-05-04 | 中国科学院半导体研究所 | Secure communication system and information transmission method |
| CN113965312A (en) * | 2021-10-22 | 2022-01-21 | 常州北邮新一代信息技术研究院有限公司 | Space encryption method based on three-dimensional CAP constellation |
| CN114039830A (en) * | 2021-10-20 | 2022-02-11 | 南京信息工程大学 | Layered symmetrical three-dimensional constellation mapping modulation method and system |
| CN114142988A (en) * | 2021-11-25 | 2022-03-04 | 南京信息工程大学 | High-safety optical transmission method based on chirp modulation |
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| CN112751666B (en) * | 2020-12-16 | 2022-07-22 | 中国科学院半导体研究所 | Secure communication system and information transmission method |
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