CN111275717B - Contrast display method for different stained sections, electronic device and readable medium - Google Patents
Contrast display method for different stained sections, electronic device and readable medium Download PDFInfo
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- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06T—IMAGE DATA PROCESSING OR GENERATION, IN GENERAL
- G06T7/00—Image analysis
- G06T7/10—Segmentation; Edge detection
- G06T7/11—Region-based segmentation
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- G06T3/00—Geometric image transformation in the plane of the image
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- G06T7/30—Determination of transform parameters for the alignment of images, i.e. image registration
- G06T7/33—Determination of transform parameters for the alignment of images, i.e. image registration using feature-based methods
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- G06T2207/10028—Range image; Depth image; 3D point clouds
Abstract
The invention relates to a contrast display method of different stained sections, which comprises the following steps: acquiring n +1 continuous slices, dyeing the continuous slices by adopting different dyeing methods respectively, and acquiring a digital slice full-field image of the n +1 dyed slices; displaying thumbnails of the n +1 digital slice full-field pictures in the first display area; selecting 1 thumbnail from the thumbnails of the n +1 digital slice full-field images as a model slice, and taking other thumbnails as target slices; displaying the model slice in the second display area; k pieces of target slices are selected as reference slices, and the reference slices are displayed in a third display area of the display device, wherein k is less than or equal to n; and independently or synchronously zooming and labeling the images of the second display area and the third display area. The method and the device can help doctors to compare and observe a plurality of slices, realize the synchronous operation of the contents of the plurality of slices, conveniently mark the image difference of the same image content in different dyeing slices, and contribute to the observation and judgment of the doctors.
Description
Technical Field
The present invention relates to the field of medical image processing, and in particular, to a contrast display method for different stained sections, an electronic device, and a readable medium.
Background
In the scientific research work, in order to observe the results of various different stains (usually, the expression conditions of multiple antigens or genes) in the same region, multiple stains (immunohistochemical stain and fluorescent stain) are often respectively carried out on multiple continuous sections, but when a general web application program (such as an Ehrlich) diagnoses the sections, only one section can be seen at one time in one case, so that the section image comparison is inconvenient for doctors, the stained sections need to be changed back and forth, and the purpose is achieved by a method of carrying out multiple stains on one section at the same time, but a special staining scheme and staining reagents are required for doing so, and higher cost is required.
Disclosure of Invention
The present application is proposed to solve the above-mentioned technical problems. The embodiment of the application provides a contrast display method and electronic equipment for different dyed sections, which are used for facilitating contrast observation of different dyed sections by a doctor under the same display interface.
According to an aspect of the present application, there is provided a method for displaying different stained sections, which is applicable to a system for displaying different stained sections, the system including a display device, the display device including a first display area, a second display area and a third display area, the size of the third display area being n times the size of the second display area, the method including:
the display method comprises the following steps:
obtaining n +1 continuous slices;
respectively dyeing the n +1 continuous sections by adopting different dyeing methods to obtain n +1 dyed sections; acquiring a digital slice full-field image of n +1 stained slices;
displaying thumbnails of the n +1 digital slice full-field pictures in the first display area;
selecting 1 thumbnail from the thumbnails of the n +1 digital slice full-field images as a model slice, and taking other thumbnails as target slices;
calling a digital slice full-field image corresponding to the model slice, and displaying the digital slice full-field image in the second display area;
selecting k pieces of target slices as reference slices, calling a digital slice full field image corresponding to the reference slices, and displaying the digital slice full field image in a third display area of the display device, wherein k is less than or equal to n;
and independently or synchronously zooming and labeling the images of the second display area and the third display area.
Further, when n =1, the third display region is aligned left and right or aligned up and down with the second display region; when n ≠ 1, k display areas with the same size as the second display area are divided from the third display area, and the k display areas are respectively aligned with the second display area in the left-right direction or in the up-down direction.
Further, the method also comprises the following steps: and receiving an image locking command, and associating the image of the second display area with the m sub-images of the third display area to realize the synchronous operation of m +1 images, wherein m is less than or equal to k.
Further, still include: and receiving an image unlocking command, and disassociating the image of the second display area from the image of the third display area to realize the independent operation of the n +1 images.
Further, still include: the second display area shows the content and comprises: the digital slice full field image of the model slice comprises all or partial image content of the digital slice full field image of the model slice and a position image of currently displayed content in the digital slice full field image of the model slice.
Further, still include: the third display area shows content and comprises: the whole or partial image content of the digital slice full field image of the reference slice, and the position image of the currently displayed content in the digital slice full field image of the corresponding reference slice.
Further, before the scaling and labeling operations are performed on the images of the second display area and the third display area independently or synchronously, image registration is performed on the digital slice full field image displayed in the second display area and the digital slice full field image displayed in the third display area.
Further, the method of image registration comprises: extracting feature points of two digital slice full-field images to be registered to generate a two-dimensional point cloud, extracting feature points from a first digital slice full-field image to be registered to generate a model point cloud, and extracting feature points from a second digital slice full-field image to be registered to generate a scene point cloud; calculating the registration degree of the model point cloud and the scene point cloud by adopting supervised learning of a discriminant optimization algorithm; and performing image registration on the two digital slice full field images to be registered according to the registration degree as the space mapping relation of the two digital slice full field images to be registered.
According to yet another aspect of the present application, there is provided an electronic device comprising a processor; and a memory having stored therein computer program instructions which, when executed by the processor, cause the processor to perform the method of contrasting displays of differently stained sections.
According to yet another aspect of the present application, a computer readable medium is provided, having stored thereon computer program instructions, which, when executed by a processor, cause the processor to perform the method of comparative presentation of differently stained sections.
Compared with the prior art, the contrast display method for different dyeing slices can enable a doctor to conveniently contrast and observe a plurality of slices, can also realize synchronous operation of contents of the plurality of slices, can more conveniently mark image differences of the same image contents in different dyeing slices, and is more beneficial to observation and judgment of the doctor.
Drawings
The above and other objects, features and advantages of the present application will become more apparent by describing in more detail embodiments of the present application with reference to the attached drawings. The accompanying drawings are included to provide a further understanding of the embodiments of the application and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments of the application and together with the description serve to explain the principles of the application. In the drawings, like reference numbers generally represent like parts or steps.
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a comparative display method of different stained sections according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is an example of image distribution on a display device;
FIG. 3 is a flow chart of an image registration method of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a flow chart of the S120 discriminant optimization algorithm of FIG. 3;
FIG. 5 is a schematic illustration of point cloud registration in the image registration of FIG. 4;
fig. 6 is a block diagram of an electronic device according to an embodiment of the present application.
Detailed Description
Hereinafter, example embodiments of the present application will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present application and not all embodiments of the present application, and that the present application is not limited by the example embodiments described herein.
Summary of the application
Pathologists and researchers often need to observe and process pathological section images of successive sections at work. For example, in viewing immunohistochemical sections, it is often necessary to prepare 2 or more serial sections, one of which is HE stained and the other is immunohistochemically stained. When observing the two sections, a pathologist often needs to compare the staining conditions of the same part on the two sections, for example, HE staining is firstly used for identifying which areas on the sections are tumors, then the corresponding areas are found on the other immunohistochemical section, and the immunohistochemical staining conditions (usually the expression condition of a certain antigen) in the areas are observed; or conversely, when an indiscernible-region is observed on the immunohistochemically stained section, the corresponding region on the HE section needs to be found for further resolution by HE staining. However, the existing application program cannot realize the same-screen display of a plurality of stained sections during the diagnosis of the sections, and doctors often need to switch the stained sections to display, wherein one stained section is seen first, then the stained section is turned off, and then the other stained section is seen, so that the contrast observation of a pathological area is very inconvenient.
In order to solve the technical problems, the image display method capable of simultaneously displaying the contents of the plurality of slices is developed, so that a doctor can conveniently compare and observe the plurality of slices, and can realize synchronous operation of the contents of the plurality of slices, image differences of the same image content in different dyed slices are more conveniently marked, and the method is more beneficial to observation and judgment of the doctor.
Having described the general principles of the present application, various non-limiting embodiments of the present application will now be described with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Exemplary electronic device and method
Different dyed slice's contrast display system, display system includes microscope, treater, input device and display device, installs spacing camera on the microscope and is used for gathering the section image under the microscope, and the microscope camera is connected with the treater electricity, transmits the section image of gathering to the treater storage, and the treater is connected with input device, display device electricity, and input device receives external instruction, according to external instruction, calls the image of storage in the treater and shows on display device, still can realize the edition/save to the image on the display device. The display device may be a commonly used display, and a display interface of the display at least includes the first display area 100, the second display area 200, and the third display area 300 when performing the comparative display of the digital images of different stained sections, and the size of the third display area 300 is n times the size of the second display area 200. When n =1, the third display region is aligned left and right or up and down with the second display region; when n ≠ 1, k display areas with the same size as the second display area are divided from the third display area, and the k display areas are respectively aligned with the second display area in the left-right direction or in the up-down direction.
The contrast display method for different stained sections is suitable for the contrast display system, and as shown in fig. 1, the display method comprises the following steps:
s10: obtaining n +1 continuous slices;
s20: dyeing the n +1 continuous slices by different dyeing methods to obtain n +1 dyed slices;
s30: acquiring a digital slice full-field image of n +1 stained slices; placing the stained section under a microscope, and acquiring a digital pathology whole field image of the stained section under the microscope through a microscopic camera;
s40: displaying thumbnails of the n +1 digital slice full-field pictures in the first display area;
s50: selecting 1 thumbnail from the thumbnails of the n +1 digital slice full-field images as a model slice, and taking other thumbnails as target slices;
s60: calling a digital slice full-field image corresponding to the model slice, and displaying the digital slice full-field image in the second display area;
s70: selecting k pieces of target slices as reference slices, calling a digital slice full field image corresponding to the reference slices, and displaying the digital slice full field image in a third display area of the display device; fig. 2 shows a distribution of display areas of the display device when n = 1.
S80: and independently or synchronously zooming and labeling the images of the second display area and the third display area.
And the input device receives an image locking command, associates the image of the second display area with the m sub-images of the third display area, and realizes the synchronous operation of m +1 images, wherein m is less than or equal to k.
And the input device receives an image unlocking command, and disassociates the image of the second display area from the image of the third display area, so that the independent operation of the k +1 images is realized.
In particular, the synchronization operation of the second display area image and the associated third display area image comprises:
1. dragging one image, wherein other related images can move along with the dragging, and labels on the images can also move;
2. one image is labeled, and other related images display the same label;
3. zooming one of the images, the other associated images following the zooming;
4. selecting the label of one image, wherein the same label of other related images can be selected;
5. deleting the label on one image, and deleting the labels of other related images;
6. one of the images is rotated, and the other images are rotated accordingly.
The second display area shows the content and comprises: the full or partial image content of the model slice digital slice full field map, and the position image (as shown at 111 in fig. 2) of the currently presented content in the model slice digital slice full field map. The third display area shows the content and comprises: the full or partial image content of the digital slice full field map of the reference slice, and the position image (as indicated at 121 in fig. 2) of the currently presented content in the digital slice full field map of the corresponding reference slice. Thus, the position of the enlarged image on the original image can be clearly displayed.
Before that, when the microscope camera is used for collecting the image of the stained section, the digital image possibly obtained has deviation in angle and direction, so that the doctor is inconvenient to observe and cannot perform direct comparison of the same area, and therefore, the digital slice full-field image displayed in the second display area and the digital slice full-field image displayed in the third display area need to be subjected to image registration firstly, and one of the full-field images is used as a reference image. Optionally, when the digital slice full field image displayed in the second display area is used as a reference image, and when a plurality of digital slice full field images exist in the third display area, each digital slice full field image is used as an input image and is registered with the reference image, and the registered image is used as an output image to replace the corresponding input image and is displayed in the third display area.
The image registration method comprises the following steps:
s110: extracting feature points of the two digital slice full-field images to be registered to generate a two-dimensional point cloud, extracting the feature points from the first digital slice full-field image to be registered to generate a model point cloud, and extracting the feature points from the second digital slice full-field image to be registered to generate a scene point cloud;
s120: calculating the registration degree of the model point cloud and the scene point cloud by adopting supervised learning of a discriminant optimization algorithm; the model point cloud and the scene point cloud are used as the space mapping relation of the two digital slice full-field images to be registered;
s130: and carrying out image registration on the two digital slice full-field images to be registered according to the registration degree.
The image registration process adopts a discriminant optimization algorithm, which is an optimization algorithm based on supervised learning and mainly comprises two parts, namely a training stage and a testing stage. The discriminant optimization algorithm simulates the gradient direction of an unknown objective function by directly learning a series of update sequences from data, and maps a characteristic function h to the direction to realize the update of parameters. When the updating sequence is obtained, the method of solving the least square problem is utilized, so that the complex mathematical calculation caused by designing a loss function and directly searching a parameter space is avoided.
During a specific training test, the discriminant optimization algorithm includes 3 steps, as shown in fig. 4:
s121, generating a training data set which comprises model point clouds and scene point clouds added with interference and noise;
s122, training, judging and optimizing, namely inputting model point clouds and scene point clouds in pairs to obtain an updating sequence D;
and S123, applying the test data set, continuously updating the rigid transformation parameters according to the final updating sequence D, and judging the final scene point cloud and model point cloud registration degree.
In specific registration application, a large amount of calculation time is not needed to be consumed to regenerate the update sequence D, and the algorithm only needs to use the update sequence D with relatively perfect performance obtained through training and testing to iterate to obtain the current two-dimensional rotation and translation parameters.
Because of the limitations of the algorithm itself, compared to conventional image registration, the algorithm in this application adds the following settings:
1. rotational translation parameterization
Rigid transformation is usually represented by a nonlinear constraint matrix, and since the discriminant optimization algorithm belongs to an unconstrained optimization method, it is a challenge how to convert a transformation matrix with constraints into an unconstrained parameter matrix. The matrix of the rigid transformations may be represented by a lie algebra. The lie algebra is a linear vector space, the dimension of which is the same as the degree of freedom of the transformation; for example, R3 is the lie algebra of the three-dimensional rigid transformation. Each element in the lie algebra is associated with an element in the lie group by an exponential and logarithmic mapping. As a linear vector space, lie algebra parameterizes the rotational-translation matrix without constraints.
2. Image feature point extraction and feature vector construction
And extracting the feature points of the image by using LIFT feature description. LIFT is an algorithm for feature point description by applying a deep learning framework, and comprises three parts of image feature point detection, direction estimation and descriptor extraction, wherein each part is implemented based on a Convolutional Neural Network (CNN). LIFT is still very robust on pictures with significant differences in brightness and contrast compared to the traditional SIFT feature descriptors. When the slice images are influenced by illumination or dyeing effect, the slice images in different dyeing modes have large difference, and the feature point detection algorithm must ensure that huge difference can be overcome. The LIFT feature point detection applies the idea of deep learning, and the algorithm model can accurately and robustly detect the feature points through sufficient training samples. By LIFT feature point detection, two pathological images can be registered and converted into registration of two-dimensional point clouds. For point cloud registration, a histogram representation method is designed in the application, the weights of the scene points on the front and rear edges of each model point are used as elements of a feature function h, and the weights obtained by calculating the scene points before and after the model point m1 form a feature vector h, as shown in fig. 5.
Rigid transformation parameters of the characteristic points of the model slice and the characteristic points of the target slice can be obtained through a discriminant optimization algorithm, and the rigid transformation is also a registration result of the two pictures and is also registration transformation of the selected area. And the rigid transformation parameters comprise a translation value and a rotation value, find a corresponding area in the digital full-field image corresponding to the target slice, adjust the digital full-field image corresponding to the target slice according to the rigid transformation parameters, and display the digital full-field image on a computer display. Exemplary electronic device
Next, an electronic apparatus of an embodiment of the present application is described with reference to fig. 6. The electronic device 10 may be an electronic device 10 integrated with the input means 13 or a stand-alone device separate from said input means, which stand-alone device may communicate with said input means for receiving the acquired input signals from the input means. This electronic device 10 may be an electronic device 10 integrated with the output means 14 or a stand-alone device separate from said output means, which stand-alone device may communicate with said output means for outputting the image processed by the processor 11 on the output means 14. The output device 14 may be a display for displaying or presenting the pathology image.
As shown in fig. 6, the electronic device 10 includes one or more processors 11 and memory 12.
The processor may be a Central Processing Unit (CPU) or other form of processing unit having data processing capabilities and/or instruction execution capabilities, and may control other components in the electronic device to perform desired functions.
The memory may include one or more computer program products that may include various forms of computer-readable storage media, such as volatile memory and/or non-volatile memory. The volatile memory may include, for example, random Access Memory (RAM), cache memory (cache), and/or the like. The non-volatile memory may include, for example, read Only Memory (ROM), hard disk, flash memory, etc. One or more computer program instructions may be stored on the computer readable storage medium and executed by the processor 11 to implement the driving behavior decision methods of the various embodiments of the present application described above and/or other desired functionality.
Exemplary computer program product and computer-readable storage Medium
In addition to the above-described methods and systems, embodiments of the present application may also be a computer program product comprising computer program instructions which, when executed by a processor, cause the processor to perform the steps in the method for comparative display of different stained sections according to various embodiments of the present application described in the "exemplary methods" section above of the present description.
The computer program product may be written with program code for performing the operations of embodiments of the present application in any combination of one or more programming languages, including an object oriented programming language such as Java, C + + or the like and conventional procedural programming languages, such as the "C" programming language or similar programming languages. The program code may execute entirely on the user's computing device, partly on the user's device, as a stand-alone software package, partly on the user's computing device and partly on a remote computing device, or entirely on the remote computing device or server.
Furthermore, embodiments of the present application may also be a computer readable storage medium having stored thereon computer program instructions which, when executed by a processor, cause the processor to perform the steps in the method for comparative display of different stained sections according to various embodiments of the present application described in the "exemplary methods" section above in this description.
The computer-readable storage medium may take any combination of one or more readable media. The readable medium may be a readable signal medium or a readable storage medium. A readable storage medium may include, for example, but not limited to, an electronic, magnetic, optical, electromagnetic, infrared, or semiconductor system, apparatus, or device, or a combination of any of the foregoing. More specific examples (a non-exhaustive list) of the readable storage medium include: an electrical connection having one or more wires, a portable diskette, a hard disk, a Random Access Memory (RAM), a read-only memory (ROM), an erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM or flash memory), an optical fiber, a portable compact disc read-only memory (CD-ROM), an optical storage device, a magnetic storage device, or any suitable combination of the foregoing.
The foregoing describes the general principles of the present application in conjunction with specific embodiments, however, it is noted that the advantages, effects, etc. mentioned in the present application are merely examples and are not limiting, and they should not be considered essential to the various embodiments of the present application. Furthermore, the foregoing disclosure of specific details is for the purpose of illustration and description and is not intended to be limiting, since the foregoing disclosure is not intended to be exhaustive or to limit the disclosure to the precise details disclosed.
The block diagrams of devices, apparatuses, devices, systems referred to in this application are only used as illustrative examples and are not intended to require or imply that they must be connected, arranged, or configured in the manner shown in the block diagrams. These devices, apparatuses, devices, systems may be connected, arranged, configured in any manner, as will be appreciated by those skilled in the art. Words such as "including," "comprising," "having," and the like are open-ended words that mean "including, but not limited to," and are used interchangeably therewith. The words "or" and "as used herein mean, and are used interchangeably with, the word" and/or, "unless the context clearly dictates otherwise. The word "such as" is used herein to mean, and is used interchangeably with, the phrase "such as but not limited to".
It should also be noted that in the devices, apparatuses, and methods of the present application, each component or step can be decomposed and/or re-combined. These decompositions and/or recombinations are to be considered as equivalents of the present application.
The previous description of the disclosed aspects is provided to enable any person skilled in the art to make or use the present application. Various modifications to these aspects will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the generic principles defined herein may be applied to other aspects without departing from the scope of the application. Thus, the present application is not intended to be limited to the aspects shown herein but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.
The foregoing description has been presented for purposes of illustration and description. Furthermore, the description is not intended to limit embodiments of the application to the form disclosed herein. While a number of example aspects and embodiments have been discussed above, those of skill in the art will recognize certain variations, modifications, alterations, additions and sub-combinations thereof.
Claims (10)
1. A contrast display method of different stained sections is applicable to a contrast display system of different stained sections, the display system comprises a display device, the display device comprises a first display area, a second display area and a third display area, the size of the third display area is at least n times of the size of the second display area, and the display method is characterized by comprising the following steps:
obtaining n +1 continuous slices;
dyeing the n +1 continuous slices by different dyeing methods to obtain n +1 dyed slices;
acquiring a digital slice full-field image of n +1 stained slices;
displaying thumbnails of the n +1 digital slice full-field pictures in the first display area;
selecting 1 thumbnail from the thumbnails of the n +1 digital slice full-field pictures as a model slice, and taking other thumbnails as target slices;
calling a digital slice full-field image corresponding to the model slice, and displaying the digital slice full-field image in the second display area;
selecting k pieces of target slices as reference slices, calling a digital slice full field image corresponding to the reference slices, and displaying the digital slice full field image in a third display area of the display device, wherein k is less than or equal to n;
and independently or synchronously zooming and labeling the images of the second display area and the third display area.
2. The method for the comparative display of different stained sections according to claim 1, wherein when n =1, the third display area is aligned with the second display area in a left-right direction or in an up-down direction; when n ≠ 1, k display areas with the same size as the second display area are divided from the third display area, and the k display areas are respectively aligned with the second display area in the left-right direction or in the up-down direction.
3. The method for the comparative display of differently stained sections according to claim 1, further comprising: and receiving an image locking command, and associating the image of the second display area with the m sub-images of the third display area to realize the synchronous operation of m +1 images, wherein m is less than or equal to k.
4. The method for the comparative display of differently stained sections according to claim 3, further comprising: and receiving an image unlocking command, and disassociating the image of the second display area from the image of the third display area, so as to realize independent operation of the m +1 images.
5. The method for the comparative display of differently stained sections according to claim 4, further comprising: the second display area shows the content and comprises: the digital slice full field image of the model slice comprises all or partial image content of the digital slice full field image of the model slice and a position image of currently displayed content in the digital slice full field image of the model slice.
6. The method for the comparative display of differently stained sections according to claim 5, further comprising: the third display area shows the content and comprises: the whole or partial image content of the digital slice full field image of the reference slice and the position image of the currently displayed content in the digital slice full field image of the corresponding reference slice.
7. The method for contrastively displaying different stained sections according to claim 1, wherein before the scaling and labeling operations are performed on the images of the second display area and the third display area independently or synchronously, the digital full-field slice image displayed in the second display area and the digital full-field slice image displayed in the third display area are subjected to image registration.
8. The method for the comparative display of differently stained sections according to claim 7, wherein said method of image registration comprises:
extracting feature points of two digital slice full-field images to be registered to generate a two-dimensional point cloud, extracting feature points from a first digital slice full-field image to be registered to generate a model point cloud, and extracting feature points from a second digital slice full-field image to be registered to generate a scene point cloud;
calculating the registration degree of the model point cloud and the scene point cloud by adopting supervised learning of a discriminant optimization algorithm;
and carrying out image registration on the two digital slice full-field images to be registered according to the registration degree.
9. An electronic device comprises
A processor; and
memory in which computer program instructions are stored which, when executed by the processor, cause the processor to carry out a method of contrasting presentation of differently stained sections according to any one of claims 1-8.
10. A computer readable medium having stored thereon computer program instructions which, when executed by a processor, cause the processor to perform a method of comparative display of differently stained sections according to any one of claims 1-8.
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