CN111272325A - Cotton picker spindle doffing force test bench - Google Patents

Cotton picker spindle doffing force test bench Download PDF

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Publication number
CN111272325A
CN111272325A CN202010308899.9A CN202010308899A CN111272325A CN 111272325 A CN111272325 A CN 111272325A CN 202010308899 A CN202010308899 A CN 202010308899A CN 111272325 A CN111272325 A CN 111272325A
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China
Prior art keywords
plate
cotton
spindle
holes
motor
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CN202010308899.9A
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Chinese (zh)
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CN111272325B (en
Inventor
张宏文
张龙唱
王磊
王军
陈廷官
谷艳清
李建新
蔡云霄
刘斌
邓星
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Shihezi University
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Shihezi University
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Priority to CN202010308899.9A priority Critical patent/CN111272325B/en
Publication of CN111272325A publication Critical patent/CN111272325A/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of CN111272325B publication Critical patent/CN111272325B/en
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    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01LMEASURING FORCE, STRESS, TORQUE, WORK, MECHANICAL POWER, MECHANICAL EFFICIENCY, OR FLUID PRESSURE
    • G01L5/00Apparatus for, or methods of, measuring force, work, mechanical power, or torque, specially adapted for specific purposes
    • G01L5/0028Force sensors associated with force applying means
    • G01L5/0033Force sensors associated with force applying means applying a pulling force

Abstract

The invention discloses a test bed for testing cotton stripping force of a cotton picker spindle, and belongs to the field of agricultural machinery detection. It includes: the cotton picker comprises a rack, a guide rail connecting frame, a guide rail assembly, a spindle picking assembly, a cotton clamping device and a cotton stripping force detection device. The device is used for measuring the cotton stripping pulling force of the cotton picker spindle in the working process and detecting the cotton stripping effect of the spindle, the spindle rotates at a high speed and moves rightwards to be close to cotton on the cotton clamping device under the action of the guide rail in the working process, the spindle moves leftwards to withdraw from a picking area after being wound with the cotton and strips the cotton when touching a cotton stripping plate, and the dynamometer connected with the cotton stripping plate can read the cotton stripping force of the spindle. The technical scheme of the invention can simulate the actual process of a single spindle, test the cotton doffing force of the spindle under different structural parameters and motion parameters, and facilitate the research and design of novel spindles.

Description

Cotton picker spindle doffing force test bench
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of agricultural machinery detection, in particular to a test bench for testing the cotton stripping force of a cotton picker spindle, and belongs to the field of cotton harvesting machinery manufacturing detection.
Background
The cotton picker is an extremely important key operation link for realizing the whole process mechanization of cotton, and the horizontal spindle type cotton picker is mainly used in China. At present, the cotton picker is developing rapidly towards the direction of high-speed and high-efficiency picking, and the cotton picker is also facing to the product updating. In order to improve the economic benefit of cotton and accelerate the updating and upgrading speed of cotton pickers, the picking mechanism and key parts of a drum-type horizontal spindle cotton picker need to be deeply researched.
At present, in the design and research of cotton harvesting machinery in China, international advanced mature products are mainly introduced, the performance of core parts of a cotton picker is not sufficiently researched, the domestic yield of key parts is low, the cotton picking adaptability is poor, and the problems of high cost, serious spindle abrasion, high failure rate and the like exist. In the operation process of the cotton picker, the problems of cotton wool sticking and unclean cotton stripping of the picking spindles exist, the cotton picking rate is seriously influenced, the economic benefit of cotton is reduced, if the cotton picker is subjected to discussion test of cotton stripping effect comparison factors, a large amount of time and financial resources are consumed, the field environment is complex, and the test effect is also influenced to a certain extent.
Disclosure of Invention
As described above, in order to solve the problems of cotton wool sticking and unclean stripping of the spindle in the prior art, the invention provides a test bed for testing the stripping force of the spindle of a cotton picker, which can detect the stripping force of the spindle in the stripping process.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows: a test bed for testing cotton stripping force of a cotton picker spindle comprises a frame, a guide rail connecting frame, a guide rail assembly, a spindle assembly, a cotton clamping device and a cotton stripping force detection device; the frame consists of an upper cross beam, an upright post, an outer corner piece, a supporting beam and a lower cross beam, wherein the cross beam and the upright post on the frame are both aluminum profiles and are fixedly connected through the outer corner piece; the guide rail connecting frame consists of an upper pressing plate and a side plate, four countersunk holes are formed in the outer side of the side plate and are connected with the upper cross beam through screws, two threaded holes are formed in the end part of the side plate, four countersunk holes are formed in four corners of the upper pressing plate and are connected with the threaded holes in the side plate, and three countersunk holes are formed in the middle of the upper pressing plate and are used for connecting a guide rail; the guide rail assembly comprises a right end cover, a synchronous belt, a guide rail, a servo motor, a motor mounting frame and a left end cover, wherein the motor mounting frame is used for connecting the servo motor and the left end cover; the spindle assembly comprises a direct current motor, an upper motor plate, a lower motor plate, a wedge-shaped adjusting block, a sliding block, a locking nut and a spindle, wherein the spindle is installed on a transmission shaft of the direct current motor through a coupler, the direct current motor is installed between the upper motor plate and the lower motor plate, the upper surface of the wedge-shaped adjusting block is provided with four threaded holes perpendicular to the upper surface, two ends of the upper motor plate and two ends of the lower motor plate are respectively provided with two through holes, the wedge-shaped adjusting block, the upper motor plate and the lower motor plate are connected together through long bolts, four threaded holes perpendicular to the lower surface are formed in four corners of the lower surface of the wedge-shaped adjusting block, and through holes are formed in four corners of the lower surface of; the cotton clamping device comprises a clamping frame, a base plate and a base assembly, wherein the clamping frame comprises a pin shaft, a vertical plate, a front plate, an adjusting bolt, a reset spring and a nut, the vertical plate and the right end of the front plate are provided with pin shaft holes and are connected together through the pin shaft, the front plate can rotate around the pin shaft, the vertical plate is provided with a through hole, the front plate is provided with a slotted hole, the reset spring is sleeved outside a long bolt, the long bolt penetrates through the vertical plate and the front plate, and the slotted hole is formed in the front plate, so that the long bolt cannot interfere with the front plate when the front plate is opened and closed; the cotton-doffing force detection device comprises a cotton-doffing plate, a tension meter and a base assembly, wherein a connecting shaft with threads is arranged at the front end of the tension meter, a slotted hole at the right end of the cotton-doffing plate is connected with the connecting shaft at the front end of the tension meter through a nut, the position of the cotton-doffing plate can be adjusted up and down under the action of the slotted hole, two through holes are arranged in the middle of the tension meter and are used for being connected with an upper base plate formed by the base assembly through bolts, and the base assembly is installed on an upper cross beam through screws.
Furthermore, the included angle of the upper surface and the lower surface of the wedge-shaped adjusting block is 3.3 degrees.
Furthermore, an arch-shaped groove is formed in the front plate of the clamping frame, and a layer of rubber covers the inner surface of the front plate.
Furthermore, a cotton removing groove hole is formed in the left end of the cotton removing plate, and the diameter of the cotton removing groove hole is 12.6 mm to 13 mm.
Compared with the prior art, the device has the advantages that the structure adopts the transmission of the servo motor, the precise control of spindle motion parameters can be realized, meanwhile, the cotton clamping device can realize the quick clamping of cotton under the action of the reset spring, in addition, the device adopts the high-precision tension meter to accurately measure the cotton stripping force in the cotton stripping process, the device has simple structure, can effectively measure the cotton stripping force of the cotton picker spindles, can also compare the cotton stripping effects of the spindles with different structural parameters and motion parameters, and has important significance for the design research of novel spindles.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the preferred embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a rack provided by the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a schematic structural view of the guide rail coupler provided in the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of the guide rail assembly provided by the invention.
Fig. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a spindle assembly provided by the present invention.
FIG. 6 is a front view of a wedge-shaped adjustment block provided by the present invention.
Fig. 7 is a schematic structural view of the cotton holding device provided by the present invention.
Fig. 8 is a schematic structural view of a holder according to the present invention.
Fig. 9 is a schematic structural diagram of a base assembly provided by the present invention.
Fig. 10 is a schematic structural view of the doffing force detecting apparatus provided in the present invention.
FIG. 11 is a schematic structural view of the doffing plate provided by the present invention.
In the figure, 1-a rack, 2-a guide rail connecting piece, 3-a guide rail assembly, 4-a spindle assembly, 5-a cotton clamping device, 6-a cotton doffing force detection device, 7-an upper beam, 8-an upright post, 9-an outer corner piece, 10-a supporting beam, 11-a lower beam, 12-a right end cover, 13-a synchronous belt, 14-a guide rail, 15-a servo motor, 16-a motor mounting rack, 17-a left end cover, 18-an upper pressing plate, 19-a side plate, 20-a direct current motor, 21-an upper motor plate, 22-a lower motor plate, 23-a wedge-shaped adjusting block, 24-a sliding block, 25-a locking nut, 26-a spindle, 27-a clamping rack, 28-a base plate, 29-a base assembly, 30-a pin shaft, 31-a vertical plate, 32-front plate, 33-long bolt, 34-reset spring, 35-nut, 36-upper bottom plate, 37-long side plate, 38-cotton removing plate, 39-tension meter, 40-cotton removing groove hole and 41-groove hole.
Detailed Description
Before any embodiments are explained in detail, it is to be understood that the disclosure is not limited in its application to the details of construction and the arrangement of components set forth in the following description or illustrated in the following drawings. The disclosure is capable of other embodiments and of being practiced or of being carried out in various ways.
Examples
Referring to fig. 1, the embodiment is a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and provides a cotton picker spindle doffing force test bed, which includes a frame 1, a guide rail connecting frame 2, a guide rail assembly 3, a spindle assembly 4, a cotton clamping device 5, and a doffing force detecting device 6; as shown in fig. 2, the frame 1 is composed of an upper beam 7, a vertical column 8, an outer corner fitting 9, a supporting beam 10 and a lower beam 11, wherein the beam and the vertical column on the frame are both made of aluminum profiles and are fixedly connected through the outer corner fitting 9; as shown in fig. 3, the guide rail connecting frame 2 is composed of an upper pressing plate 18 and a side plate 19, four countersunk holes are formed in the outer side of the side plate 19 and connected with the upper cross beam 7 through screws, two threaded holes are formed in the end part of the side plate 19, four countersunk holes are formed in four corners of the upper pressing plate 18 and connected with the threaded holes in the side plate, and three countersunk holes are formed in the middle of the upper pressing plate 18 and used for connecting the guide rail 14; as shown in fig. 4, the guide rail assembly 3 comprises a right end cover 12, a synchronous belt 13, a guide rail 14, a servo motor 15, a motor mounting bracket 16 and a left end cover 17, wherein the motor mounting bracket 16 is used for connecting the servo motor 15 and the left end cover 17, a synchronous belt wheel is mounted at a transmission shaft end on the servo motor 15, and the synchronous belt wheel is located in the left end cover and matched with the synchronous belt 13 to play a role in transmitting power; as shown in fig. 5, the spindle assembly 4 is composed of a dc motor 20, an upper motor plate 21, a lower motor plate 22, a wedge-shaped adjusting block 23, a slider 24, a lock nut 25, and a spindle 26, the spindle 26 is mounted on a transmission shaft of the dc motor 20 through a coupling, the dc motor 20 is mounted between the upper motor plate 21 and the lower motor plate 22, the upper surface of the wedge-shaped adjusting block 23 is provided with four threaded holes perpendicular to the upper surface, two ends of the upper motor plate 21 and the lower motor plate 22 are respectively provided with two through holes, the wedge-shaped adjusting block 23, the upper motor plate 21, the lower motor plate 22 are connected together through long bolts, four corners of the lower surface of the wedge-shaped adjusting block 23 are provided with four threaded holes perpendicular to the lower surface, four corners of the lower surface of the slider 24 are provided with through holes for connecting the wedge-shaped adjusting block 23 through bolts, and an included angle between the upper; as shown in FIG. 7, the cotton holding device 5 comprises a holding frame 27, a backing plate 28 and a base assembly 29, as shown in FIG. 8, the holding frame 27 comprises a pin shaft 30, a vertical plate 31, a front plate 32, an adjusting bolt 33, a return spring 34 and a nut 35, the front plate 32 is provided with an arch groove, the inner surface of the front plate 32 is covered with a layer of rubber, the right ends of the vertical plate 31 and the front plate 32 are provided with pin shaft holes which are connected together through the pin shaft, the front plate 32 can rotate around the pin shaft 30, the vertical plate 31 is provided with through holes, the front plate 32 is provided with slotted holes, the return spring 34 is sleeved outside the long bolt 33, the long bolt 33 passes through the vertical plate 31 and the front plate 32, due to the slotted holes arranged on the front plate 32, the front plate 32 can not interfere with the long bolt 33 when the front plate 32 is opened and closed, the vertical plate 31 is welded on the backing plate 28, the backing plate 28 is, The upper bottom plate 36 is connected with the long side plate 37 through bolts, and four countersunk holes are formed in the outer side of the long side plate 37 and are connected with the upper cross beam 7 through screws; as shown in fig. 10, the doffing force detecting device 6 comprises a doffing plate 38, a tension meter 39 and a base assembly 29, wherein a connecting shaft with threads is arranged at the front end of the tension meter 39, a doffing slot 40 is arranged at the left end of the doffing plate 38, the diameter of the doffing slot 40 is 12.6 mm to 13 mm, a slot 41 at the right end of the doffing plate 38 is connected with the connecting shaft at the front end of the tension meter 39 through a nut, the position of the doffing plate 38 can be adjusted up and down under the action of the slot 41, two through holes are arranged in the middle of the tension meter 39 and are used for being connected with an upper bottom plate 36 consisting of the base assembly 29 through bolts, and the base assembly 29 is installed on the upper cross beam 7 through bolts.
During operation, the spindle 26 rotates at a high speed and moves right to approach the cotton on the cotton clamping device 5 under the action of the guide rail, the spindle moves left to exit the picking area after being wound with the cotton, the cotton is taken off when touching the cotton taking-off plate 38, the tensiometer connected with the cotton taking-off plate 38 can read the cotton taking-off force of the spindle, after one cotton is picked, the long bolt 33 is pressed, the front plate 32 is opened, the cotton stalk is placed at the arched groove of the front plate 32, the long bolt 33 is loosened, and the front plate 32 returns to the original position under the action of the return spring 34 to complete the clamping process of the cotton.
While the preferred embodiments of the invention have been disclosed for the purpose of illustration, it is not intended to be exhaustive or to limit the invention to any precise form or mode disclosed, and it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes may be made and equivalents may be substituted without departing from the scope of the invention, which is defined by the appended claims and all equivalents thereof.

Claims (4)

1. A test bed for testing cotton stripping force of a cotton picker spindle comprises a frame (1), a guide rail connecting frame (2), a guide rail assembly (3), a cotton spindle assembly (4), a cotton clamping device (5) and a cotton stripping force detection device (6); the frame (1) consists of an upper cross beam (7), a vertical column (8), an outer corner piece (9), a supporting beam (10) and a lower cross beam (11), wherein the cross beam and the vertical column on the frame are both aluminum profiles and are fixedly connected through the outer corner piece (9); the guide rail connecting frame (2) consists of an upper pressing plate (18) and a side plate (19), four countersunk holes are formed in the outer side of the side plate (19) and connected with the upper cross beam (7) through screws, two threaded holes are formed in the end part of the side plate (19), four countersunk holes are formed in four corners of the upper pressing plate (18) and connected with the threaded holes in the side plate, and three countersunk holes are formed in the middle of the upper pressing plate (18) and used for connecting the guide rail (14); the guide rail assembly (3) is composed of a right end cover (12), a synchronous belt (13), a guide rail (14), a servo motor (15), a motor mounting frame (16) and a left end cover (17), the motor mounting frame (16) is used for connecting the servo motor (15) and the left end cover (17), a synchronous belt wheel is mounted at the transmission shaft end of the servo motor (15), and the synchronous belt wheel is located inside the left end cover and matched with the synchronous belt (13) to play a role in power transmission; the spindle assembly (4) consists of a direct current motor (20), an upper motor plate (21), a lower motor plate (22), a wedge-shaped adjusting block (23), a sliding block (24), a locking nut (25) and a spindle (26), the picking spindle (26) is mounted on a transmission shaft of the direct current motor (20) through a coupler, the direct current motor (20) is mounted between an upper motor plate (21) and a lower motor plate (22), the upper surface of a wedge-shaped adjusting block (23) is provided with four threaded holes perpendicular to the upper surface, two ends of the upper motor plate (21) and two ends of the lower motor plate (22) are respectively provided with two through holes, the wedge-shaped adjusting block (23), the upper motor plate (21) and the lower motor plate (22) are connected together through long bolts, four threaded holes perpendicular to the lower surface are formed in four corners of the lower surface of the wedge-shaped adjusting block (23), and through holes for connecting the wedge-shaped adjusting block (23) through bolts are formed in four corners of; the cotton clamping device (5) consists of a clamping frame (27), a base plate (28) and a base assembly (29), wherein the clamping frame (27) consists of a pin shaft (30), a vertical plate (31), a front plate (32), an adjusting bolt (33), a return spring (34) and a nut (35), the right ends of the vertical plate (31) and the front plate (32) are provided with pin shaft holes which are connected together through the pin shaft, the front plate (32) can rotate around the pin shaft (30), the vertical plate (31) is provided with through holes, the front plate (32) is provided with slotted holes, the return spring (34) is sleeved outside the long bolt (33), the long bolt (33) passes through the vertical plate (31) and the front plate (32), the slotted holes are formed in the front plate (32), so that the front plate (32) can not interfere with the long bolt (33) when being opened and closed, the vertical plate (31) is welded on the base plate (28), the base plate (28) is connected with an upper base plate, the base assembly (29) consists of an upper bottom plate (36) and a long side plate (37), the upper bottom plate (36) is connected with the long side plate (37) through bolts, and four countersunk holes are formed in the outer side of the long side plate (37) and connected with the upper cross beam (7) through screws; take off cotton power detection device (6) by taking off cotton board (38), tensiometer (39), base assembly (29) are constituteed, tensiometer (39) front end is equipped with threaded connecting axle, it passes through the nut with the connecting axle of tensiometer (39) front end to take off slotted hole (41) of cotton board (38) right-hand member and links together, the position of taking off cotton board (38) because slotted hole (41) effect can be adjusted from top to bottom, tensiometer (39) centre is equipped with two through-holes and is used for being connected through upper plate (36) that bolt and base assembly (29) are constituteed, base assembly (29) pass through the screw installation on entablature (7).
2. The test bed for the cotton stripping force of the cotton picker spindle according to claim 1, characterized in that the included angle between the upper surface and the lower surface of the wedge-shaped adjusting block (23) is 3.3 degrees.
3. The test bed for the doffing force of the cotton picker spindle according to claim 1, characterized in that the front plate (32) of the holding frame (27) is provided with an arch-shaped groove, and the inner surface of the front plate (32) is covered with a layer of rubber.
4. The test bed for testing the doffing force of the cotton picker spindle according to claim 1, characterized in that the left end of the doffing plate (38) is provided with a doffing slot (40), and the diameter of the doffing slot (40) is 12.6 mm to 13 mm.
CN202010308899.9A 2020-04-19 2020-04-19 Cotton picker spindle doffing force test bench Expired - Fee Related CN111272325B (en)

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CN202010308899.9A CN111272325B (en) 2020-04-19 2020-04-19 Cotton picker spindle doffing force test bench

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Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN113447182A (en) * 2021-06-17 2021-09-28 石河子大学 Method for testing cotton stripping force of spindle of cotton picker
CN113447185A (en) * 2021-07-04 2021-09-28 石河子大学 Method for testing picking force and doffing force of spindle of cotton picker
CN115517080A (en) * 2022-10-02 2022-12-27 石河子大学 Test bench for picking cotton by spindle

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Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN113447182A (en) * 2021-06-17 2021-09-28 石河子大学 Method for testing cotton stripping force of spindle of cotton picker
CN113447185A (en) * 2021-07-04 2021-09-28 石河子大学 Method for testing picking force and doffing force of spindle of cotton picker
CN113447185B (en) * 2021-07-04 2022-10-11 石河子大学 Method for testing picking force and doffing force of spindle of cotton picker
CN115517080A (en) * 2022-10-02 2022-12-27 石河子大学 Test bench for picking cotton by spindle

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