CN111270518B - Light-absorbing heating composite fabric and preparation method and application thereof - Google Patents

Light-absorbing heating composite fabric and preparation method and application thereof Download PDF

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CN111270518B
CN111270518B CN202010067178.3A CN202010067178A CN111270518B CN 111270518 B CN111270518 B CN 111270518B CN 202010067178 A CN202010067178 A CN 202010067178A CN 111270518 B CN111270518 B CN 111270518B
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nickel
fiber substrate
cotton fiber
gold nanoclusters
composite fabric
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CN111270518A (en
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章潇慧
顾佳俊
李要君
叶诗雨
袁洋
李镕臣
刘庆雷
张旺
张荻
龚明
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Shanghai Jiaotong University
CRRC Industry Institute Co Ltd
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Shanghai Jiaotong University
CRRC Academy Co Ltd
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    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
    • D06M11/00—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with inorganic substances or complexes thereof; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment, e.g. mercerising
    • D06M11/83—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with inorganic substances or complexes thereof; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment, e.g. mercerising with metals; with metal-generating compounds, e.g. metal carbonyls; Reduction of metal compounds on textiles
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C18/00—Chemical coating by decomposition of either liquid compounds or solutions of the coating forming compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating; Contact plating
    • C23C18/16—Chemical coating by decomposition of either liquid compounds or solutions of the coating forming compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating; Contact plating by reduction or substitution, e.g. electroless plating
    • C23C18/18—Pretreatment of the material to be coated
    • C23C18/20—Pretreatment of the material to be coated of organic surfaces, e.g. resins
    • C23C18/2006—Pretreatment of the material to be coated of organic surfaces, e.g. resins by other methods than those of C23C18/22 - C23C18/30
    • C23C18/2046—Pretreatment of the material to be coated of organic surfaces, e.g. resins by other methods than those of C23C18/22 - C23C18/30 by chemical pretreatment
    • C23C18/2053—Pretreatment of the material to be coated of organic surfaces, e.g. resins by other methods than those of C23C18/22 - C23C18/30 by chemical pretreatment only one step pretreatment
    • C23C18/2066—Use of organic or inorganic compounds other than metals, e.g. activation, sensitisation with polymers
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C18/00—Chemical coating by decomposition of either liquid compounds or solutions of the coating forming compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating; Contact plating
    • C23C18/16—Chemical coating by decomposition of either liquid compounds or solutions of the coating forming compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating; Contact plating by reduction or substitution, e.g. electroless plating
    • C23C18/31—Coating with metals
    • C23C18/32—Coating with nickel, cobalt or mixtures thereof with phosphorus or boron
    • C23C18/34—Coating with nickel, cobalt or mixtures thereof with phosphorus or boron using reducing agents
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C18/00—Chemical coating by decomposition of either liquid compounds or solutions of the coating forming compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating; Contact plating
    • C23C18/16—Chemical coating by decomposition of either liquid compounds or solutions of the coating forming compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating; Contact plating by reduction or substitution, e.g. electroless plating
    • C23C18/31—Coating with metals
    • C23C18/42—Coating with noble metals
    • C23C18/44—Coating with noble metals using reducing agents
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
    • D06M11/00—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with inorganic substances or complexes thereof; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment, e.g. mercerising
    • D06M11/32—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with inorganic substances or complexes thereof; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment, e.g. mercerising with oxygen, ozone, ozonides, oxides, hydroxides or percompounds; Salts derived from anions with an amphoteric element-oxygen bond
    • D06M11/36—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with inorganic substances or complexes thereof; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment, e.g. mercerising with oxygen, ozone, ozonides, oxides, hydroxides or percompounds; Salts derived from anions with an amphoteric element-oxygen bond with oxides, hydroxides or mixed oxides; with salts derived from anions with an amphoteric element-oxygen bond
    • D06M11/38—Oxides or hydroxides of elements of Groups 1 or 11 of the Periodic Table
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
    • D06M2101/00—Chemical constitution of the fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, to be treated
    • D06M2101/02—Natural fibres, other than mineral fibres
    • D06M2101/04—Vegetal fibres
    • D06M2101/06—Vegetal fibres cellulosic
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/40—Solar thermal energy, e.g. solar towers

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
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  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Chemical Or Physical Treatment Of Fibers (AREA)
  • Chemically Coating (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to a light absorption and heating composite fabric and a preparation method and application thereof. The method comprises the steps of soaking cotton cloth in chloroauric acid solution to fully adsorb chloroauric acid, reducing chloroauric acid to generate gold nanoclusters, and soaking the gold nanoclusters in nickel-containing plating solution to grow nickel nanoparticles in situ to obtain the nickel nanoparticle-cotton fiber composite fabric. According to the invention, the cotton fiber fabric is soaked in the chloroauric acid solution, and the gold nanoclusters uniformly grow in the fibers, so that the uniform adhesion of nickel nanoparticles is promoted, the prepared fabric has higher light absorption rate, and the photo-thermal conversion performance of the fabric is improved.

Description

Light-absorbing heating composite fabric and preparation method and application thereof
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of composite fabrics, in particular to a light absorption and heating composite fabric and a preparation method and application thereof.
Background
Along with the development of social economy, people have more and more diversified functional requirements on clothes, and the basic requirements of cold protection and warm keeping are not only met, but also the self-heating active warm keeping is needed, so that the warm keeping can be ensured in cold winter, and the beauty can be embodied.
The light absorption heating fabric absorbs light energy (mainly sunlight) through fibers of the fabric and converts the light energy into heat energy, so that the aim of actively heating a human body is fulfilled. The fabric has strong light absorption capacity, the material and microstructure of the fabric need to be regulated and controlled, so that the fabric absorbs sunlight in a full spectrum and efficiently converts the sunlight into heat energy, and then the heat energy is supplied to a human body in a radiation and conduction mode. The inventor of the invention prepares the cotton fabric-metal nanoparticle light absorption heating composite fabric in the previous research, but the light absorption efficiency is low, is about 85%, and particularly has low absorptivity to near infrared wave bands in solar spectrum. This is because the pores inside the cotton fibers are not sufficient and the metal nanoparticles absorbing light energy cannot be sufficiently filled into the inside of the fabric.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects in the prior art, the embodiment of the invention provides the light absorption and heating composite fabric which is stable in structure and does not influence the light absorption performance and the photothermal conversion performance after washing.
A light absorption and heating composite fabric comprises a cotton fiber substrate, gold nanoclusters and nickel nanoparticles; wherein the gold nanoclusters are attached on the cotton fibers and in the pores inside the fibers; the nickel nanoparticles are attached to the cotton fibers and within the pores of the fibers.
In the present invention, the gold nanoclusters may also be referred to as gold nanoparticles or gold nanoparticles, which may be prepared by a conventional method in the art.
The research finds that the composite fabric has efficient and full-spectrum light absorption performance and efficient photo-thermal conversion performance by attaching the nickel nanoparticles.
Further, the material of the cotton fiber substrate may be rayon or cotton. Wherein, the raw material of the artificial cotton can be selected from cotton linter, wood pulp, bagasse and the like.
Further, the gold nanoclusters have a particle size of 0.5 to 3 nm. In some embodiments of the invention, the gold nanoclusters have a particle size of 2 nm. Researches show that the gold nanoclusters in the particle size range are favorable for serving as nucleation sites and catalysts for subsequent nickel nanoparticle growth, and meanwhile, the structure of the composite fabric can be kept stable and is not easy to wash.
Further, the weight percentage content of the gold nanoclusters in the composite fabric is 0.1% -0.5%. In some embodiments of the present invention, the gold nanoclusters are present in the composite fabric in an amount of 0.17% by weight. The gold nanoclusters are easy to nucleate subsequent nickel nanoparticles within the content range, nucleation sites are not enough if the mass fraction of the gold nanoclusters is too low, the cost is too high if the mass fraction of the gold nanoclusters is too high, and agglomeration is easy to occur in the subsequent nickel nanoparticle growth process.
Further, the weight percentage of the nickel nanoparticles in the composite fabric is 5% -20%. In some embodiments of the present invention, the nickel nanoparticles are present in the composite shell in an amount of 15% by weight. The nickel nanoparticles in the content range are beneficial to achieving high light absorption rate, if the mass fraction of the nickel nanoparticles is too low, the light absorption rate is low, and if the mass fraction of the nickel nanoparticles is too high, the nickel nanoparticles are agglomerated, so that high metal reflection is caused.
The invention also provides a preparation method of the light-absorbing and heating composite fabric, which comprises the following steps:
providing a cotton fiber substrate having gold nanoclusters attached thereto;
and in-situ growing nickel nanoparticles in the nickel-containing plating solution on the cotton fiber substrate attached with the gold nanoclusters.
In some embodiments, the cotton fiber substrate is the same as above.
In some embodiments, the gold nanoclusters have a particle size of 0.5 to 3nm, for example 2 nm.
In some embodiments, the nickel nanoparticles are present in the composite shell in an amount of 0.1% to 0.5%, for example 0.17% by weight.
The gold nanoclusters are adsorbed on the cotton fiber substrate and can be used as nucleation sites and catalysts for subsequent growth of nickel nanoparticles.
In some embodiments, the method of preparing the gold nanocluster attached cotton fiber substrate includes: firstly, soaking a cotton fiber substrate in a chloroauric acid solution, and then, using NaBH to adsorb the chloroauric acid on the cotton fiber substrate 4 And (4) reduction. The specific method comprises the following steps:
soaking a cotton fiber substrate in a chloroauric acid solution to enable the cotton fiber substrate to fully adsorb the chloroauric acid; then washing the cotton fiber substrate to remove unadsorbed chloroauric acid;
then soaking the cotton fiber substrate in NaBH 4 In the solution, chloroauric acid is reduced to produce gold nanoclusters.
In some embodiments, the concentration (mass fraction) of the chloroauric acid solution is 0.1% to 2%.
In some embodiments, the concentration (mass fraction) of the chloroauric acid solution is 0.1% to 0.4%.
In some embodiments, the cotton fiber substrate is soaked in the chloroauric acid solution for a period of 2 to 10 hours.
In some embodiments, the cotton fiber substrate is soaked in the chloroauric acid solution for a period of 4 hours.
In some embodiments, the NaBH 4 The concentration of the solution is 0.05-0.5 mol/L.
In some embodiments, the NaBH 4 The concentration of the solution was 0.1 mol/L.
In some embodiments, the method will compriseCotton fiber substrate in NaBH 4 Reducing in the solution for 5-10 minutes.
In some embodiments, the nickel-containing bath comprises nickel salt, sodium citrate, lactic acid, ammonia, and dimethylaminoborane. Among them, dimethylaminoborane is mainly used as a reducing agent.
Further, the nickel salt can be selected from one or more of nickel sulfate hexahydrate and nickel acetate tetrahydrate.
In some embodiments, the concentration of nickel ions in the nickel-containing plating solution is 0.78-1.01g/100 mL.
In some embodiments, the nickel-containing plating solution has concentrations of nickel sulfate hexahydrate, sodium citrate, lactic acid, ammonia, and diaminoborane of 3.5-4.5g/100mL, 1.5-2.5g/100mL, 0.8-1.2g/100mL, 2.5-3.5g/100mL, and 0.18-0.22g/100mL, respectively.
In some embodiments, the nickel-containing bath has concentrations of nickel sulfate hexahydrate, sodium citrate, lactic acid, ammonia, and diaminoborane of 4g/100mL, 2g/100mL, 1g/100mL, 3g/100mL, 0.2g/100mL, respectively.
The inventor researches and discovers that the nickel-containing plating solution is favorable for the attachment of nickel nanoparticles on gold nanoclusters, and sodium citrate and dimethylamino borane are jointly used as reducing agents, so that the reaction rate of nickel ions can be improved.
In some embodiments, the cotton fiber substrate to which the gold nanoclusters are attached is soaked in the nickel-containing plating solution for 5 to 60 minutes, such as 5 minutes, 10 minutes, 15 minutes, 16 minutes, 20 minutes, 30 minutes, 40 minutes, 50 minutes, or 60 minutes. Researches find that the soaking time is related to the photo-thermal conversion efficiency of the prepared light absorption and heat generation composite fabric. In general, with the increase of the soaking time, the prepared composite fabric has improved light absorption rate to the near infrared region, and can absorb more light energy, thereby improving the light-heat conversion efficiency.
The invention unexpectedly discovers that the light absorption rate of the light absorption and heat generation composite fabric can be remarkably improved by pretreating the cotton fiber substrate with alkali and then attaching the gold nanoclusters on the cotton fiber substrate. The possible reason for this is that the pores inside the cotton fibers are increased by the alkali liquor soaking, which facilitates the sufficient and uniform growth of the gold nanoclusters and, in turn, the sufficient and uniform growth and attachment of the nickel nanoparticles to the cotton fiber substrate. In some embodiments, the light absorption rate of the prepared light absorption and heat generation composite fabric can reach 95%.
In some embodiments, the specific pretreatment method is to soak the cotton fiber substrate in lye.
In some embodiments, the lye is a sodium hydroxide solution having a concentration of 1 to 5mol/L, such as 2 mol/L. The pretreatment time may be 1 to 10 hours. For example 3-6 hours. Heating or boiling may accelerate the pretreatment process.
In some embodiments, a method for preparing a light-absorbing and heat-emitting composite fabric comprises:
1) soaking the cotton fiber substrate in 1-5mol/L sodium hydroxide solution, and boiling for 3-6 hours;
2) soaking the cotton fiber substrate pretreated by the alkali liquor in the step 1) in a chloroauric acid solution with the concentration of 0.1% -0.4% for 2-6 hours, taking out the cotton fiber substrate, and cleaning the cotton fiber substrate to remove unadsorbed chloroauric acid; then soaking the cotton fiber substrate in 0.05-0.5mol/L NaBH 4 In the solution, reducing chloroauric acid to generate gold nanoclusters, and preparing a cotton fiber substrate attached with the gold nanoclusters;
3) soaking the cotton fiber substrate attached with the gold nanoclusters prepared in the step 1) in a nickel-containing plating solution for 10-60 minutes, and growing nickel nanoparticles in situ to obtain the nickel light absorption heating composite fabric.
The invention also discloses the nickel light absorption heating composite fabric prepared by the method.
The invention also comprises the application of the light absorption and heat generation composite fabric or the nickel light absorption and heat generation composite fabric prepared by the method in the aspect of preparing the light absorption and heat generation fabric.
The invention also provides clothes which are made of the light absorption and heat generation composite fabric or the nickel light absorption and heat generation composite fabric prepared by the method.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
(1) according to the invention, the cotton fiber substrate (especially artificial cotton) is pretreated in the alkali liquor, so that the pores in the cotton fiber substrate are increased, the gold seeds can grow fully and uniformly, the metal nanoparticles can grow and attach fully and uniformly, and the finally obtained artificial cotton-metal nanoparticle light absorption and heat generation composite fabric has extremely high light absorption rate (95%) and high efficient photo-thermal conversion performance under the illumination condition.
(2) The method has simple steps, is easy to operate and can be implemented on a large scale; the raw material is commercial cotton fabric, and the effect is obvious, and the application prospect is good.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is XRD patterns of light absorption and heat generation composite fabrics obtained by the artificial cotton of comparative example 1 without pretreatment of NaOH solution and the artificial cotton of example 1 with pretreatment of NaOH solution;
FIG. 2 is a graph of the solar light absorption rate of the light absorption and heat generation composite fabric obtained by the artificial cotton of comparative example 1 without being pretreated by NaOH solution and the artificial cotton of example 1 after being pretreated by NaOH solution.
Detailed Description
The following examples are intended to illustrate the invention, but are not intended to limit the scope of the invention. The examples do not show the specific techniques or conditions, according to the technical or conditions described in the literature in the field, or according to the product specifications. The reagents or instruments used are conventional products available from regular distributors, not indicated by the manufacturer.
The raw material of the artificial cotton used below was cotton linters, which had dimensions of 30mm × 30 mm.
The preparation method of the nickel-containing plating solution comprises the following steps: 4g of nickel sulfate hexahydrate, 2g of sodium citrate, 1g of lactic acid, 3mL of ammonia water and 0.2g of reducing agent dimethylaminoborane are sequentially added into 100mL of distilled water and mixed uniformly.
Example 1
The embodiment relates to a preparation method of a light-absorbing and heat-emitting fabric, which comprises the following steps:
boiling artificial cotton in 2mol/L NaOH solution for 6 hours, and cleaning the artificial cotton with distilled water for more than three times to ensure that no NaOH solution is left on the artificial cotton;
soaking the artificial cotton treated by the alkali liquor in a 0.4% chloroauric acid solution for 4 hours, cleaning the artificial cotton by distilled water for more than three times, reducing the artificial cotton in a 0.1mol/L NaBH4 solution for 5 minutes, and finally cleaning the artificial cotton by distilled water for more than three times;
and step three, soaking the artificial cotton with the gold nanoparticles in a nickel-containing plating solution to grow the nickel nanoparticles in situ for 4 minutes, observing that the reflection rate and the light transmittance of the artificial cotton are low, and washing the fabric with distilled water for more than three times to obtain the artificial cotton-nickel nanoparticle composite light absorption heating fabric.
Comparative example 1
The preparation method of the light-absorbing and heat-emitting fabric is different from the preparation method of the example 1 only in that: the artificial cotton is not boiled by NaOH solution.
As shown in fig. 1, XRD diffraction peak of cellulose of the artificial cotton treated with NaOH in example 1 was changed from that of the artificial cotton untreated in comparative example 1, indicating that the type of cellulose was changed after NaOH treatment; this is because NaOH reacts with cellulose to cause rearrangement of the cellulose structure, making the cellulose structure more regular. Meanwhile, the intensity of the diffraction peak of the nickel nano-particles of the artificial cotton treated by NaOH is obviously enhanced, which shows that the content of gold seeds in the fiber is increased, so that the nucleation and growth sites of the nickel nano-particles are increased. The cellulose reacts with NaOH in a boiled NaOH solution to cause severe swelling of the fiber, and the internal pores of the fiber are increased, so that the attachment sites of gold seeds are greatly increased in the subsequent gold chloride acid soaking process, and the content of nickel nanoparticles is further increased. Through the light absorption test, as shown in fig. 2, the artificial cotton of example 1 treated with NaOH had an absorbance of 95%.
As shown in fig. 1 and 2, in the XRD pattern of the artificial cotton of comparative example 1, which is not treated with NaOH, the diffraction peak of the nickel nanoparticles is weak, and the absorbance is about 92%. In fig. 1 and 2, Cellulose represents Cellulose, Ni represents nickel, Treated with NaOH represents the heat absorbing and emitting fabric prepared in example 1, Treated with NaOH represents the heat absorbing and emitting fabric prepared in comparative example 1, Intensity represents diffraction peak Intensity, absorbance represents absorbance, and wavelenth represents the wavelength of the test light.
The photothermal conversion efficiency test of comparative example 1 and example 1 was carried out by the following specific procedures:
building a photo-thermal absorption test platform, placing a xenon lamp sunlight simulation light source above a sample table, and placing a thermal infrared camera at a proper position to enable the imaging of a sample in the camera to be positioned in the center of a screen;
step two, adjusting the light intensity by using a light intensity tester to ensure that the light intensity on the surface of the sample is 517W/m 2 The solar radiation intensity is close to the average radiation intensity of Shanghai in four seasons;
and step three, recording the change curve of the temperature along with the time in the whole test process by using a thermal infrared camera and software.
The following conclusions can be drawn by comparing the XRD pattern and the light absorption pattern of the light absorption and heat generation composite fabric obtained by artificial cotton without and with NaOH solution pretreatment: more nickel nanoparticles can be attached to the light absorption and heating composite fabric obtained through the pretreatment of the NaOH solution, so that the absorption capacity of the full-wave band of the solar spectrum is enhanced.
Example 2
The embodiment relates to a preparation method of a light-absorbing heating fabric, which comprises the following steps:
boiling artificial cotton in 2mol/L NaOH solution for 3 hours, and cleaning the artificial cotton with distilled water for more than three times to ensure that no NaOH solution is left on the artificial cotton;
soaking the artificial cotton treated by the alkali liquor in a 0.4% chloroauric acid solution for 4 hours, cleaning the artificial cotton by distilled water for more than three times, reducing the artificial cotton in a 0.1mol/L NaBH4 solution for 5 minutes, and finally cleaning the artificial cotton by distilled water for more than three times;
and step three, soaking the artificial cotton with the gold nanoparticles in a nickel-containing plating solution for in-situ growth of nickel nanoparticles for 4 minutes, and washing the fabric with distilled water for more than three times to obtain the artificial cotton-nickel nanoparticle composite light absorption heating fabric.
In this example, the treatment time of the artificial cotton in the NaOH solution was shorter than that of example 1, the swelling degree of the inside of the fiber was low, the increase of the pores was small, and the absorbance was about 94%.
Although the invention has been described in detail with respect to the general description and the specific embodiments thereof, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that modifications and improvements can be made based on the invention. Accordingly, it is intended that all such modifications and alterations be included within the scope of this invention as defined in the appended claims.

Claims (14)

1. A light absorption and heating composite fabric comprises a cotton fiber substrate, gold nanoclusters and nickel nanoparticles; wherein the gold nanoclusters are attached on the cotton fibers and in the pores inside the fibers; the nickel nanoparticles are attached to the cotton fibers and in the pores inside the fibers;
the particle size of the gold nanocluster is 0.5-3 nm; the weight percentage content of the gold nanoclusters in the composite fabric is 0.1% -0.5%; the weight percentage of the nickel nano-particles in the composite fabric is 5% -20%;
the preparation method of the light absorption and heat generation composite fabric comprises the following steps: providing a cotton fiber substrate having gold nanoclusters attached thereto; growing nickel nanoparticles in situ in a nickel-containing plating solution on the cotton fiber substrate attached with the gold nanoclusters; the method also comprises the steps of firstly putting the cotton fiber substrate into 1-5mol/L sodium hydroxide solution for soaking treatment for 1-10 hours; and then attaching the gold nanoclusters to the cotton fiber substrate.
2. A light-absorbing heat-emitting composite fabric according to claim 1, wherein the cotton fiber substrate is made of artificial cotton or all cotton.
3. A light-absorbing heat-emitting composite fabric according to claim 2, wherein the rayon is selected from the group consisting of cotton linters, wood pulp, and bagasse.
4. A light-absorbing heat-emitting composite fabric according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the gold nanoclusters have a particle size of 2 nm; and/or the presence of a gas in the atmosphere,
the weight percentage content of the gold nanoclusters in the composite fabric is 0.17%; and/or the presence of a gas in the gas,
the weight percentage of the nickel nano particles in the composite fabric is 15%.
5. A preparation method of the light absorption and heat emission composite fabric as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 4, which is characterized by comprising the following steps:
providing a cotton fiber substrate having gold nanoclusters attached thereto;
growing nickel nanoparticles in situ in a nickel-containing plating solution on the cotton fiber substrate attached with the gold nanoclusters;
the method also comprises the steps of firstly placing the cotton fiber substrate in 1-5mol/L sodium hydroxide solution for soaking for 1-10 hours, and then attaching the gold nanoclusters to the cotton fiber substrate.
6. The method of manufacturing according to claim 5, wherein the method of manufacturing the cotton fiber substrate to which the gold nanoclusters are attached comprises: firstly, soaking a cotton fiber substrate in a chloroauric acid solution, and then, using NaBH to adsorb the chloroauric acid on the cotton fiber substrate 4 And (4) reducing.
7. The method of manufacturing according to claim 6, wherein the method of manufacturing the cotton fiber substrate to which the gold nanoclusters are attached comprises:
soaking a cotton fiber substrate in a chloroauric acid solution to enable the cotton fiber substrate to fully adsorb the chloroauric acid; then washing the cotton fiber substrate to remove unadsorbed chloroauric acid;
then soaking the cotton fiber substrate in NaBH 4 In the solution, chloroauric acid is reduced to produce gold nanoclusters.
8. The method according to any one of claims 5 to 7, wherein the nickel-containing plating solution contains nickel salt, sodium citrate, lactic acid, ammonia water, and dimethylaminoborane.
9. The preparation method according to claim 8, wherein the nickel salt is one or more of nickel sulfate hexahydrate and nickel acetate tetrahydrate; and/or the presence of a gas in the gas,
the concentration of nickel ions in the nickel-containing plating solution is 0.78-1.01g/100 mL.
10. The method according to claim 9, wherein the nickel-containing plating solution contains nickel sulfate hexahydrate, sodium citrate, lactic acid, ammonia water, and diaminoborane at concentrations of 3.5-4.5g/100mL, 1.5-2.5g/100mL, 0.8-1.2g/100mL, 2.5-3.5g/100mL, and 0.18-0.22g/100mL, respectively.
11. The method according to claim 9, wherein the nickel-containing plating solution contains nickel sulfate hexahydrate, sodium citrate, lactic acid, ammonia water, and diaminoborane at concentrations of 4g/100mL, 2g/100mL, 1g/100mL, 3g/100mL, and 0.2g/100mL, respectively.
12. The method for preparing a composite material according to any one of claims 5 to 7 and 9 to 11, comprising:
1) soaking the cotton fiber substrate in 1-5mol/L sodium hydroxide solution, and boiling for 3-6 hours;
2) soaking the cotton fiber substrate pretreated by the alkali liquor in the step 1) in a chloroauric acid solution with the concentration of 0.1% -0.4% for 2-6 hours, taking out, and then cleaning the cotton fiber substrate to remove unadsorbed chloroauric acid; then soaking the cotton fiber substrate in 0.05-0.5mol/L NaBH 4 In the solution, reducing chloroauric acid to generate gold nanoclusters, and preparing a cotton fiber substrate attached with the gold nanoclusters;
3) soaking the cotton fiber substrate attached with the gold nanoclusters prepared in the step 1) in a nickel-containing plating solution for 10-60 minutes, and growing nickel nanoparticles in situ to obtain the nickel light absorption heating composite fabric.
13. A light absorbing and heat emitting composite fabric prepared by the method of any one of claims 6 to 12.
14. Use of the light absorbing and heat emitting composite fabric according to any one of claims 1 to 4 and 13 for preparing a light absorbing and heat emitting fabric.
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