CN108862443A - Gold nanoparticle/graphite alkene three-dimensional optical-thermal conversion material and application thereof - Google Patents

Gold nanoparticle/graphite alkene three-dimensional optical-thermal conversion material and application thereof Download PDF

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Publication number
CN108862443A
CN108862443A CN201810555226.6A CN201810555226A CN108862443A CN 108862443 A CN108862443 A CN 108862443A CN 201810555226 A CN201810555226 A CN 201810555226A CN 108862443 A CN108862443 A CN 108862443A
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gold nanoparticle
graphene oxide
dimensional optical
thermal conversion
conversion material
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曹振兴
陈奠宇
许亮
秦余杨
袁凤
左晓兵
罗铭
左明明
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Changshu Institute of Technology
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Changshu Institute of Technology
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    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02FTREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F1/00Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F1/02Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by heating
    • C02F1/04Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by heating by distillation or evaporation
    • C02F1/14Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by heating by distillation or evaporation using solar energy
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C01INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C01BNON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
    • C01B32/00Carbon; Compounds thereof
    • C01B32/15Nano-sized carbon materials
    • C01B32/182Graphene
    • C01B32/184Preparation
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02FTREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F2103/00Nature of the water, waste water, sewage or sludge to be treated
    • C02F2103/08Seawater, e.g. for desalination
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02ATECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A20/00Water conservation; Efficient water supply; Efficient water use
    • Y02A20/124Water desalination
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02ATECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A20/00Water conservation; Efficient water supply; Efficient water use
    • Y02A20/124Water desalination
    • Y02A20/138Water desalination using renewable energy
    • Y02A20/142Solar thermal; Photovoltaics
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02ATECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A20/00Water conservation; Efficient water supply; Efficient water use
    • Y02A20/20Controlling water pollution; Waste water treatment
    • Y02A20/208Off-grid powered water treatment
    • Y02A20/212Solar-powered wastewater sewage treatment, e.g. spray evaporation

Abstract

Gold nanoparticle and graphene are prepared into gold nanoparticle/graphite alkene nanocomposite using Chemical assembly method by the present invention, and are prepared into gold nanoparticle/graphite alkene three-dimensional optical and thermal (steam) transition material using orientation freeze-drying.Material of the present invention can efficiently convert light energy into thermal energy, water quickly can be heated into vapor, be finally reached water purification purpose, to realize the multiple functions such as sea water desalination, fractionation, sterilizing, sewage treatment.

Description

Gold nanoparticle/graphite alkene three-dimensional optical-thermal conversion material and application thereof
Technical field
The invention belongs to technical field of chemistry, and in particular to and new material and preparation method thereof more particularly to gold nanoparticle/ The preparation and application of graphene three-dimensional optothermal material.
Background technique
Gold nanoparticle is one of widely used optothermal material, shows very strong spectrum in visible light wave range It absorbs, when it interacts with incident light wave, surface plasma body resonant vibration will occur, the electronics air mass of entire nanoparticle exists Resonance can be generated under incident light electric field action, and then generates a large amount of heat.But gold nanoparticle is mainly in liquid phase environment " microcosmic heat source " is served as, and cannot achieve a large amount of luminous energy conversion and storage, thus is difficult to efficiently use luminous energy.In order to The photo-thermal effect of gold nanoparticle is given full play to, the utilization rate to luminous energy unlimited in nature is improved, needs to seek preferably to answer Use approach.
Summary of the invention
The present invention provides a kind of modes of orientation freezing to prepare gold nanoparticle/graphite alkene three-dimensional material, this preparation Mode makes the hole of this kind of three-dimensional material have orientation, so that material has higher photothermal conversion efficiency.
In order to solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention provides a kind of gold nanoparticle/graphite alkene three-dimensional materials, by such as Lower section method is prepared:
(1) gold nanoparticle is prepared in chemical reduction method,
(2) Chemical self-assembly method prepares gold nanoparticle/stannic oxide/graphene nano composite material, specific as follows:
S-1. graphene oxide is prepared with improved Hummers ' method,
S-2., silane coupling agent with sulfydryl-SH is grafted to the surface of the graphene oxide layer of aforementioned preparation,
S-3. the gold nanoparticle that step (1) is prepared is added, so that gold nanoparticle is largely adsorbed on oxidation stone Black alkene surface obtains gold nanoparticle/stannic oxide/graphene nano solution,
(3) gold nanoparticle/graphite alkene three-dimensional optical-thermal conversion material
Gold nanoparticle/graphene oxide solution that step (2) obtains is placed in mold and orients freezing, then by cold It is lyophilized dry, finally obtaining macroscopical gold nanoparticle/graphene oxide three-dimensional optical-thermal conversion material by heating reduction.
It is anti-by restoring using the compound of gold as raw material in step (1) in a currently preferred technical solution Gold nanoparticle should be generated, and controls the growth of gold nanoparticle, its size is made to reach nanoscale.
In a currently preferred technical solution, in step (1), the crystal seed synthesized using Citrate Buffer, and with this crystalline substance Based on kind, dimercaptosuccinic acid MSA is reducing agent, further prepares the gold nanoparticle of particle size range 20-150nm.
In a currently preferred technical solution, in step S-2, by graphene oxide and silane coupling agent KH590 one Determine to react at temperature, the sulfydryl (- SH) in KH590 is grafted to surface of graphene oxide.
In a currently preferred technical solution, in step S-2, graphene oxide is dissolved in distilled water, adds silane Coupling agent KH590 reacts 3 hours at 55 DEG C -70 DEG C, after centrifugation again wash with distilled water for several times, it is molten that graphene oxide is made Liquid.
In a currently preferred technical solution, orientation freezing step by adjust 2 DEG C/min-10 DEG C of rate of temperature fall/ Min, the available diverse microcosmic structure of starting gold nanoparticle/graphene oxide concentration 0.5mg/ml-5mg/ml and porosity Composite material.
In a currently preferred technical solution, in step (3), by gold nanoparticle/graphite oxide after freeze-drying Alkene three-dimensional material under nitrogen protection, is heated to 300 DEG C -700 DEG C, 2-3 hours, carries out reduction reaction.
The present invention prepares gold nanosphere and gold nanoparticle by chemical reduction method, and chemical reduction method method is to apply at present The most extensively, the also the most mature method for preparing gold nanosphere.The chemical reduction method method is the compound conduct using gold Raw material generates gold nanoparticle by chemical reduction reaction, and controls the growth of gold nanoparticle, its size is made to reach nanometer Grade, can be obtained by various sizes of gold nanoparticle by the reducing agent type and ratio that are added different in the reaction.
The present invention prepares various sizes of gold nanoparticle by crystal seed method to regulate and control.It is not only adjustable using crystal seed method Prepare the controllable and uniform gold nanoparticle of different sizes.
A large amount of oxygen-containing functional group is contained on the surface of graphene oxide layer, these functional groups are easy to and silane coupling agent Reaction.Since-SH can be easy to form firm covalent bond with gold nanoparticle, gold nanoparticle can largely be inhaled It is attached to surface of graphene oxide.And this absorption is different from simple physical absorption, is a kind of extremely strong chemistry suction of binding force It is attached.The gold nanoparticle of various shape and size and graphene oxide can be combined with each other, and led to by this method The dosage of coupling agent is overregulated to adjust the compositely proportional of gold nanoparticle and graphene oxide.
The mold bottom of freeze-drying is the steel plate of stainless steel, and surrounding is polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), could orient freezing in this way, obtain To the three-dimensional material of hole direction anisotropic, hole is made to obtain orderly three-dimensional optothermal material towards fixed-direction.The present invention By adjusting freezing rate, the available diverse microcosmic structure of starting gold nanoparticle/graphene oxide concentration and porosity Composite material realizes the regulation of macroscopical gold nanoparticle/graphene oxide composite material microstructure.Gold nanoparticle/oxidation Grapheme material can use thermal reduction, and by the control to reaction temperature and reaction time, adjust gold nanoparticle/graphite The reduction degree of graphene oxide in alkene material.
The second aspect of the present invention provides a kind of gold nanoparticle/graphite alkene three-dimensional material for light- heat transfer device.
Gold nanoparticle/graphite alkene three-dimensional photothermal converter part of the invention can efficiently convert light energy into thermal energy, Water quickly can be heated into vapor, and distilled water is collected by reflux unit, water purification purpose is finally reached, to realize Field quickly prepares the purpose of clean distilled water.
Gold nanoparticle/graphite alkene three-dimensional photothermal converter part of the invention, the device can efficiently convert luminous energy For thermal energy, water quickly can be heated into vapor, and distilled water is collected by reflux unit, be finally reached water purification purpose, To realize that field quickly prepares the purpose of clean distilled water.
Gold nanoparticle/graphite alkene three-dimensional material photothermal conversion device has following advantage compared with current material:
(1) graphene three-dimensional material compared with other macroscopic body materials due to having super with three-dimensional porous structure The advantages such as light quality, high porosity and multiple dimensioned aperture structure, can a large amount of load gold nano particle, this makes Jenner Rice corpuscles/graphene three-dimensional material photothermal converter can efficiently solve nanoparticle is reunited, dispersion is uneven, doping without The problems such as method improves, can be built into macroscopical heating device for microcosmic gold nanoparticle, give full play to its light thermal property.
(2) the main absorbing wavelength of gold nanoparticle is the incident light of 500nm or so, and efficiently converts heat for it; And graphene penetrates light by absorbing the heat of near-infrared frequency range, is further translated into heat;Therefore and merely by graphene knot The material that structure carries out photothermal conversion is compared, and gold nanoparticle/graphite alkene three-dimensional material photothermal conversion device is able to carry out photo-thermal and turns The lightwave band changed is wider.
(3) both graphene and gold nanoparticle all have photothermal conversion ability, while when the two compound tense can also be into one Step enhances its photothermal conversion ability, therefore gold nanoparticle/graphite alkene three-dimensional material photothermal conversion device is compared to graphene three Dimension optothermal material photo-thermal efficiency can improve 5%-20%.
(4) mode that this patent takes orientation to freeze prepares gold nanoparticle/graphite alkene three-dimensional material, this preparation method So that the hole of this kind of material has an orientation, this structure not only can effective reinforcing material absorptivity, while can also Effective channel enough is provided for vapor escape, the vapor that can rapidly generate heating exports, so that the optical and thermal of material (steam) transfer efficiency is higher.
Specific embodiment
Above scheme is described further below in conjunction with specific embodiment.It should be understood that these embodiments are for illustrating The present invention and be not limited to limit the scope of the invention.Implementation condition used in the examples can be done according to the condition of specific producer Further adjustment, the implementation condition being not specified is usually the condition in routine experiment.
The preparation of 1 gold nanoparticle/graphite alkene three-dimensional material of embodiment
(1) preparation of various sizes of gold nanoparticle
Citrate Buffer synthesizes crystal seed:A certain amount of gold chloride is added to three mouthfuls of 250ml first during the preparation process In bottle, it is heated at reflux to 99 DEG C, then the chlorauric acid solution in high-speed stirred is added at one time sodium citrate solution in, molten Liquid can become blue from grey and eventually become claret, it was demonstrated that gold nanoparticle has been successfully prepared, and continues heating stirring After 30min, stop reaction.(note:All containers of reaction all use the mixed solution of the concentrated sulfuric acid and potassium bichromate to impregnate 30min, leaching It is repeatedly clean wash with distilled water after bubble, finally dried in vacuum drying oven stand-by)
The gold nanoparticle of reducing agent preparation particle size range 20-150nm is made of dimercaptosuccinic acid (MSA).First to 100ml Round-bottomed flask be added 0.8ml 5 × 103(dosage of crystal seed is 0.5-5ml concentration for the gold chloride of M and different amounts of seed-solution The crystal seed of 0.1mg/ml), the partial size of crystal seed is 13.1 ± 2nm, and average axial ratio is 1.30, and then plus distilled water is diluted to 50ml.Then 0.24ml MSA (0.01M) solution is added and is vigorously stirred 20min.Under normal conditions, the gold prepared in this way Colloidal sol can be stable storage some months.Sedimentation will appear once in a while for large-sized gold nanoparticle, as long as but gently shaking Bottle body sediment is shaken to be easy for scattering again.
(2) Chemical self-assembly method prepares gold nanoparticle/stannic oxide/graphene nano composite material
Graphene oxide is prepared with improved Hummers ' method, the specific method is as follows:
1g sodium nitrate and the 50ml concentrated sulfuric acid are weighed, is placed it in 2000ml three-necked flask, it, will be anti-after sodium nitrate dissolution It answers in container merging ice bath and is slowly stirred 1h, 1g raw graphite is then added.Several times by 6g potassium permanganate, about 1h hours or so It is gradually added into container, while controlling entire temperature of reaction system at 10 DEG C or less.It is removed from ice bath later, is transferred to 35 DEG C In water-bath, after being slowly stirred 2h.It is then slowly added to 100ml distilled water and 30ml hydrogen peroxide, when reaction system is warming up to 98 ± 2 DEG C when, mix slowly 30min at such a temperature, reaction solution gradually becomes glassy yellow.It uses distilled water centrifuge washing 10 times repeatedly Give up sediment then by after solution low-speed centrifugal to the pH=7 of solution, retain the graphene oxide solution of glassy yellow, dries It is spare,
It takes 0.1g graphene oxide to be dissolved in 100g distilled water, 0.5g coupling agent KH590 is then added, is heated to 60 DEG C and be stirred to react 4h.It when after reaction, reactant 5000rpm is centrifuged, and is washed repeatedly with distilled water 4 times, to remove The coupling agent not reacted completely after drying, is again dissolved in distilled water and graphene oxide solution is made, and graphene oxide is molten After liquid (10ml, 2mg/ml) and solution of gold nanoparticles (1ml, 0.1mg/ml) mixing, stirring at normal temperature reacts 30min.
(3) preparation of gold nanoparticle/graphite alkene three-dimensional material
Gold nanoparticle/the graphene oxide solution obtained before is placed in specific mold and orients freezing, the mold Bottom is that metal surrounding is polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), can achieve the effect of orientation freezing, then macro by being freeze-dried to obtain See gold nanoparticle/graphene oxide composite material.Be freeze-dried step by adjust rate of temperature fall (2 DEG C/min-10 DEG C/ Min), adjust starting gold nanoparticle/available diverse microcosmic structure of graphene oxide concentration (0.5mg/ml-5mg/ml) and The composite material of porosity realizes the regulation of macroscopical gold nanoparticle/graphene oxide composite material microstructure.Finally, golden Under nitrogen protection, thermal reduction temperature range is 700 DEG C to nanoparticle/graphene oxide composite material, reductase 12 hour, obtains Jenner Rice corpuscles/graphene three-dimensional material.
2 purposes of embodiment
Gold nanoparticle/graphite alkene three-dimensional material can be used as optical and thermal (steam) transition material, realize sea water desalination;This The gold nanoparticle/graphite alkene material photothermal conversion device of invention can efficiently convert light energy into thermal energy, can be quick By heating of seawater at vapor, and distilled water is collected by reflux unit, salt-free pure water is obtained, to realize that seawater is light Change.
Specific embodiment described above is only the preferred embodiment of the present invention, it is noted that for the art For those of ordinary skill, without departing from the principle of the present invention, several improvement or replacement can also be made, these improvement Or replacement should also be as being considered as protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (9)

1. gold nanoparticle/graphite alkene three-dimensional optical-thermal conversion material, is prepared by the following method:
(1) gold nanoparticle is prepared in chemical reduction method,
(2) Chemical self-assembly method prepares gold nanoparticle/stannic oxide/graphene nano composite material
S-1. graphene oxide is prepared with improved Hummers ' method,
S-2., silane coupling agent with sulfydryl-SH is grafted to the surface of the graphene oxide layer of aforementioned preparation,
S-3. the gold nanoparticle that step (1) is prepared is added, so that gold nanoparticle is largely adsorbed on graphene oxide Surface obtains gold nanoparticle/stannic oxide/graphene nano solution,
(3) gold nanoparticle/graphite alkene three-dimensional optical-thermal conversion material
Gold nanoparticle/graphene oxide solution that step (2) obtains is placed in mold and orients freezing, it is then dry by freezing It is dry, finally macroscopical gold nanoparticle/graphite alkene three-dimensional optical-thermal conversion material is obtained by heating reduction.
2. according to benefit require 1 described in three-dimensional optical-thermal conversion material, which is characterized in that in step (1), using gold compound make For raw material, gold nanoparticle is generated by reduction reaction, and controls the growth of gold nanoparticle, its size is made to reach nanoscale.
3. according to benefit require 1 described in three-dimensional optical-thermal conversion material, which is characterized in that in step (1), closed using Citrate Buffer At crystal seed, and based on this crystal seed, dimercaptosuccinic acid MSA is reducing agent, further prepares the gold of particle size range 20-150nm Nanoparticle.
4. according to benefit require 1 described in three-dimensional optical-thermal conversion material, which is characterized in that in step S-2, by graphene oxide and silicon Alkane coupling agent KH590 reacts at a certain temperature, and the sulfydryl (- SH) in KH590 is grafted to surface of graphene oxide.
5. according to benefit require 1 described in three-dimensional optical-thermal conversion material, which is characterized in that in step S-2, graphene oxide is dissolved in Distilled water adds silane coupling agent KH590, reacts 3 hours at 55 DEG C -70 DEG C, after centrifugation again wash with distilled water for several times, It is dissolved in distilled water and modified graphene oxide solution is made.
6. according to benefit require 1 described in three-dimensional optical-thermal conversion material, which is characterized in that in step (3), freeze-drying step pass through It is available to adjust 2 DEG C -10 DEG C/min of rate of temperature fall, adjusting starting gold nanoparticle/graphene oxide concentration 0.5-5mg/ml The composite material of diverse microcosmic structure and porosity.
7. according to benefit require 1 described in three-dimensional optical-thermal conversion material, which is characterized in that in step (3), by the gold after freeze-drying Nanoparticle/graphene oxide three-dimensional material under nitrogen protection, is heated to 300 DEG C -700 DEG C, 2-3 hours, restore anti- It answers.
8. turning such as the described in any item gold nanoparticle/graphite alkene three-dimensional optical-thermal conversion materials of claim 1-7 for optical and thermal Parallel operation part.
9. purposes according to claim 8, which is characterized in that the gold nanoparticle/graphite alkene three-dimensional photothermal conversion material Material is for being heated into vapor for water, to reach water purification purpose.
CN201810555226.6A 2018-06-01 2018-06-01 Gold nanoparticle/graphite alkene three-dimensional optical-thermal conversion material and application thereof Pending CN108862443A (en)

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CN109607650A (en) * 2018-12-24 2019-04-12 常熟理工学院 Nanogold/graphene wooden structures optical-thermal conversion material preparation method
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CN109607650A (en) * 2018-12-24 2019-04-12 常熟理工学院 Nanogold/graphene wooden structures optical-thermal conversion material preparation method
CN110028962A (en) * 2019-03-18 2019-07-19 厦门大学 The preparation method of three-dimensional grapheme and nano silver optical-thermal conversion material based on sponge
CN110527279A (en) * 2019-09-11 2019-12-03 四川大学 A kind of material and preparation method thereof of high photothermal conversion efficiency high thermal conductivity coefficient
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CN111270518A (en) * 2020-01-20 2020-06-12 中车工业研究院有限公司 Light-absorbing heating composite fabric and preparation method and application thereof
CN111270518B (en) * 2020-01-20 2022-08-30 中车工业研究院有限公司 Light-absorbing heating composite fabric and preparation method and application thereof
CN115432760A (en) * 2021-06-03 2022-12-06 吴昌谋 Super-efficient full-spectrum photothermal conversion material, membrane layer and composite layer structure thereof, and application thereof

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