CN111269812A

CN111269812A - Collection device

Info

Publication number: CN111269812A
Application number: CN202010093872.2A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 温明星; 李东升; 陈琛; 郭瑞; 刘家俊
Original assignee: Zhenjiang Institute of Agricultural Sciences Jiangsu Hilly Area
Current assignee: Zhenjiang Institute of Agricultural Sciences Jiangsu Hilly Area
Priority date: 2020-02-14
Filing date: 2020-02-14
Publication date: 2020-06-12

Abstract

The invention discloses a collecting device, which comprises at least one supporting mechanism, wherein any one of the following collecting mechanisms is at least fixed on the supporting mechanism: a third collection mechanism for gathering ground germ, be arranged in gathering the second collection mechanism of germ and being arranged in collecting the rainfall in the wind for gathering germ, first collection mechanism include that the opening is first collection seat of toper downwards, set up in first collection mechanism top hide the canopy and set up in first collection seat and first hide the box of placing between the canopy. The collecting device can effectively collect germs from settlement, rainfall, lateral drifting in wind and upward drifting on the ground.

Description

Collection device

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of agricultural early warning, and particularly relates to a collecting device.

Background

Wheat scab is a fungal disease caused by fusarium, and has the possibility of infection in each growth stage of wheat, which often causes wheat seedling rot, stem rot, ear rot and the like. Wheat is infected by gibberellic disease, and an appropriate external environment is required, so wheat scab is also a typical climate type disease. The occurrence degree of wheat scab is mainly influenced by the comprehensive effects of the number of field gibberellic disease sources, the disease resistance of wheat varieties, air humidity, temperature and other factors. The wheat scab pathogenic bacteria generally remain as mycelia on crop straws in the field to live through the winter, ascospores are formed when the temperature is increased and the moisture content in soil is increased in the spring of the 2 nd year, the ascospores are formed along with the further increase of the temperature, and the maturity of the ascospores is promoted when continuous rainfall or the humidity in the air is too high, so that the wheat ears are infected, and the harm is caused. The gibberellic disease needs a process from spreading to infecting wheat, and before the wheat is not infected by the gibberellic disease, the gibberellic disease spreads continuously. The method can accurately predict the occurrence rule of wheat scab by capturing spores in the air in the process of spreading the gibberellic disease and combining the growth condition and weather forecast of wheat, thereby achieving real-time and effective prevention. The mode of spreading the gibberellic disease under the action of wind and rainfall mainly comprises the following steps: 1. the water spreads from the earth surface under the action of rainfall; 2. the transverse transmission is carried out under the action of wind; 3. spread as the rain falls. At present, the prior art mainly predicts the outbreak of the gibberellic disease by combining the growth period of the wheat with meteorological data, but lacks effective monitoring on the way of the occurrence and the propagation of the field germs.

Disclosure of Invention

The purpose of the invention is as follows: the invention provides a collecting device which can collect the gibberellic disease from the ground, wind and rainfall according to different conditions and is used for researching and predicting the occurrence period and the propagation path of the gibberellic disease.

The technical scheme is as follows: the invention relates to an acquisition device, which comprises at least one supporting mechanism, wherein at least one of the following acquisition mechanisms is fixed on the supporting mechanism: the system comprises a first collecting mechanism for collecting ground pathogenic bacteria, a second collecting mechanism for collecting pathogenic bacteria in wind and a third collecting mechanism for collecting pathogenic bacteria in rainfall;

the first collecting mechanism comprises a first collecting seat with a downward opening and a conical shape, a first rain cover arranged at the top end of the first collecting mechanism and a first placing box arranged between the first collecting seat and the first rain cover;

the second collecting mechanism comprises a second placing box, a second collecting seat arranged on the periphery of the second placing box and a second rain shielding cover arranged above the second collecting seat;

the third is gathered the mechanism and is included the ascending toper third of being of opening and gather the seat, set up in the third of third collection seat top hides the canopy and set up in the box is placed to the third between third collection seat and the third hides the canopy.

The first collecting seat is connected with the first rain cover through a first connecting pipe, and a hollow first fence is arranged at the joint of the first connecting pipe and the first rain cover.

The periphery of first connecting pipe bottom is provided with the first water conservancy diversion mechanism that is the curved surface, first water conservancy diversion mechanism sets up in first collection seat top, first water conservancy diversion mechanism includes one along the first water conservancy diversion portion that first collection seat top edge upwards extended and along the second water conservancy diversion portion that first water conservancy diversion portion top edge downwardly extending.

And a second flow guide mechanism is arranged between the second collecting seat and the second rain shielding cover and is a plurality of grid plates which are fixed on the upper surface of the second collecting seat and distributed in the circumferential direction.

The second collection seat is an upward convex annular curved surface, and the second placing box is located in the middle of the second collection seat.

The second rain shielding cover is of a conical structure with a downward opening and covers the second collecting seat.

The second rain-shading cover comprises an outer edge with a downward opening and a conical structure, and an inner edge located on the inner surface of the second rain-shading cover, the inner edge is a downward convex curved surface, the center of the inner edge is provided with a concave first vortex portion and a downward convex second vortex portion arranged in the middle of the first vortex portion.

The third collecting seat and the third rain-shading cover are provided with hollow second fences.

And a plurality of through holes are circumferentially distributed on the outer side of the third containing box.

The first collecting mechanism or the second collecting mechanism is connected with the supporting mechanism through a fixed pipe sleeve.

Has the advantages that: (1) the collecting device is provided with the rainfall pathogen collecting device at the top of the supporting rod, so that pathogens from rainfall, ground and wind can be effectively gathered according to different selection conditions, the height of the fixing pipe sleeve can be adjusted according to needs, and the height positions of different collecting mechanisms can be adjusted; (2) according to the invention, through the arrangement of three different collecting mechanisms, each collecting mechanism enables airflow to form a vortex on the placing box by changing the moving track of the airflow passing through the device, so that pathogenic bacteria are settled on the culture dish, and the effect of collecting the pathogenic bacteria is achieved. Through changing and placing the box, can gather the germ of different time quantums to observe the quantity and the removal mode of germ. Therefore, the method can be well applied to tests and disease prediction.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a first collection mechanism of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of a position relationship between a first collecting base and a first placing box of the first collecting mechanism according to the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a partial schematic structural view of a first collecting mechanism;

FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a first collecting mechanism;

FIG. 5 is a schematic structural view of a second collecting mechanism;

fig. 6 is a cross-sectional view of a second rain cover of the second collection mechanism;

fig. 7 is a schematic view of a second rain cover of the second collection mechanism;

FIG. 8 is a schematic structural view of a second diversion mechanism of the second collection mechanism;

fig. 9 is a structural diagram illustrating a positional relationship between a second collecting base of the second collecting mechanism and a second placing box;

FIG. 10 is a schematic view of a split structure of a third collection mechanism of the present invention;

FIG. 11 is a schematic view of a third rain cover and a second fence structure of a third collection mechanism according to the present invention;

FIG. 12 is a top view of a third mechanism of the present invention with the third rain cover removed;

FIG. 13 is a schematic view of a split structure of a third collection mechanism according to the present invention;

FIG. 14 is a schematic view of the construction of the retaining sleeve of the present invention;

FIG. 15 is a schematic view of the structure of the collecting device of the present invention;

FIG. 16 is a schematic view of the structure of the collecting device of the present invention;

fig. 17 is a schematic structural diagram of the collecting device of the present invention.

Detailed Description

Example 1: the invention relates to a collecting device, which comprises at least one supporting mechanism 1, wherein at least one collecting mechanism is fixed on the supporting mechanism 1, the collecting mechanism can be a first collecting mechanism 2 for collecting ground pathogenic bacteria, a second collecting mechanism 3 for collecting pathogenic bacteria in wind or a third collecting mechanism 4 for collecting pathogenic bacteria in rainfall, and the collecting device can be simultaneously provided with the three collecting mechanisms in order to realize that the collecting device can simultaneously collect the pathogenic bacteria in rainfall, wind and ground, namely the first collecting mechanism 2, the second collecting mechanism 3 and the third collecting mechanism 4 are simultaneously arranged on the collecting device. In the present embodiment, a collecting apparatus in which three kinds of collecting mechanisms are mounted is described.

As shown in fig. 1 to 4, the first collecting mechanism 2 is used for collecting ground pathogens, the first collecting mechanism 2 includes a first collecting seat 201 having a downward opening and in a shape of a circular truncated cone, the diameter of the first collecting seat 201 decreases gradually from bottom to top, a first placing box 203 horizontally placed is disposed at the opening above the first collecting seat 201, the first placing box 203 in this embodiment employs a culture dish having an upward opening, the first placing box 203 is connected with the first collecting seat 201 through a plurality of first connecting plates 208 disposed around, an airflow channel is formed between the plurality of first connecting plates 208 (in this embodiment, a narrow plate structure) and the first placing box 203, and airflow passing is not affected. A first flow guiding mechanism 206 extends upwards continuously at the top edge of the first collecting base 201, the first flow guiding mechanism 206 is shaped as an annular curved surface and comprises a first flow guiding part 2061 extending from bottom to top and a second flow guiding part 2062 extending downwards from the top end of the first flow guiding part 2061, the first flow guiding part 2061 and the second flow guiding part 2062 form an upwards-protruding curved surface, when the airflow flows from the bottom end to the top end of the first collecting base 201, the first guiding mechanism 206 changes the direction of the airflow, so that the airflow changes the direction, since the first placing box 203 is fixed to the opening at the top end of the first collecting base 201, and the first guide mechanism 206 is located above the first collecting base 201, a curved brim is formed above the first collecting seat 201, so that the airflow from the ground is changed in direction by the first flow guide mechanism 206, and the middle part of the first placing box 203 sinks, so that the germs fall on the culture dish.

Specifically, a hollow first connecting pipe 204 is fixed at the inner edge of the annular curved surface of the first flow guiding mechanism 206, the first connecting pipe 204 is vertically fixed in the middle of the first flow guiding mechanism 206, the first connecting pipe 204 enables the air current sinking in the first placing box 203 to continuously flow upwards from the bottom of the first placing box 203 and enter the first connecting pipe 204, the first connecting pipe 204 is a hollow circular pipe extending upwards, a first fence 205 is arranged at the top end of the first connecting pipe 204, the first fence 205 is a hollow cylindrical fence structure formed by a plurality of round pipe-shaped leaf fences, so that the air current from bottom to top can flow out through the first fence 205, a downward-opening conical first rain shielding cover 202 is arranged at the bottom end of the first fence 205, the diameter at the lower end edge of the first rain shielding cover 202 is larger than that of the first fence 205, so that the first rain shielding cover 202 shields the first fence 205, preferably, the lower edge of the first rain cover 202 and the top end of the first flow guide 206 have the same diameter, so that no water is accumulated at the joint of the second flow guide 2062 and the first connection pipe 204.

In order to facilitate the connection between the first collecting mechanism 2 and the supporting mechanism 1, the first collecting mechanism 2 is provided with a first connecting mechanism 207, in this embodiment, the first connecting mechanism 207 is a connecting rod structure, and the connection between the first connecting mechanism 207 and the supporting mechanism 1 may be any form that can achieve the object of the invention in the prior art, in this embodiment, the first connecting mechanism 2 is connected to the supporting mechanism 1 by a connecting rod and a pipe sleeve.

The opening of the first collecting seat 201 of the first collecting mechanism 2 is downward, the airflow from the ground enters the first collecting seat 201 and then changes direction through the first flow guide mechanism 206, and then sinks into the first placing box 203 located in the middle of the opening at the top end of the first collecting seat 201, and then flows out from the first placing box 203 and enters the first connecting pipe 204, and the first fence 205 flows out, so that the collection of ground germs is realized.

As shown in fig. 5 to 9, the second collecting mechanism 3 in this embodiment is used for collecting pathogenic bacteria in wind, especially pathogenic bacteria in transverse airflow, but the difficulty of collecting pathogenic bacteria in transverse airflow is that the pathogenic bacteria cannot be collected effectively, that is, efficiently, in order to solve this problem, the second collecting mechanism 3 in the present invention adopts a structure that first the second collecting base 302 of the second collecting mechanism 3 is an upward convex annular curved surface structure, the second placing box 301 (in this embodiment, a culture dish with an upward opening) is located in the middle of the annular curved surface of the second collecting base 302, and the second placing box 301 can be fixed with the second collecting base 302 by any structure in the prior art.

The second rain cover 303 comprises an outer edge 3031 which is open downwards and has a conical structure and an inner edge 3032 which is positioned on the inner surface of the second rain cover 303, the inner edge 3032 is a curved surface which protrudes downwards, a first concave vortex part 3033 is arranged in the center of the inner edge 3032, and a second convex vortex part 3034 which is arranged in the middle of the first vortex part 3033 and protrudes downwards, and the second vortex part 3034 is integrally in an inverted conical shape, so that air flow entering the first vortex part 3033 flows backwards and is guided by the second vortex part 3034 to enter the second placing box 301 which is positioned below the second rain cover 303.

A second flow guide mechanism 304 is arranged between the second rain shielding cover 303 and the second collection base 302, the second flow guide mechanism 304 is a plurality of grid plates 3041 which are fixed on the upper surface of the second collection base 302 and distributed in the circumferential direction, the grid plates 3041 on the upper surface of the second collection base 302 are matched with the circular curved surface of the second collection base 302 and the circular curved surface 3032 of the second rain shielding cover 303 at the same time, and the plurality of grid plates 3041 and two curved surfaces (the upper surface of the second collection base and the inner edge of the second rain shielding cover) form a plurality of air ducts, so that wind energy on four sides can form vortex in the center of the second placing box 301 of the culture dish, and a part of germs can be deposited on the culture dish. The second rain cover 303 can be freely removed to facilitate placement and removal of the second holding box 301.

A second connecting mechanism 305 is arranged at the lower end of the second collecting mechanism 3, so that the second collecting base 3 and the supporting mechanism 1 can be conveniently installed, and the second connecting mechanism 305 is a connecting rod in the embodiment.

As shown in fig. 10 to 13, the third collecting mechanism 4 includes a truncated cone-shaped third collecting base 401 having an upward opening, the diameter of the opening of the truncated cone-shaped third collecting base 401 gradually increases from bottom to top, the third collecting mechanism 4 further includes a third rain cover 402 disposed on the top end of the third collecting mechanism 4, and a third placing box 403 disposed between the third collecting base 401 and the third rain cover 402, and the third placing box 403 is fixed to the middle position of the bottom of the third collecting base 401.

A hollow cylindrical second fence 404 is arranged between the third collecting seat 401 and the third rain cover 402, the third rain cover 402 is in a downward opening conical shape, the bottom area of the conical shape is larger than that of the third placing box 403, the diameter of the third rain cover 402 is slightly larger than that of the second fence 404, the diameter of the second fence 404 is slightly larger than that of the third placing box 403, the second fence 404 is fixed at the lower end of the third rain cover 402, and the third rain cover 402 can be sleeved on the third placing box 403 through the second fence 404. A circle of through holes 405 distributed circumferentially are arranged on the outer side of the third containing box 403, so that rainwater falling onto the third containing box 403 can be leaked out. The bottom of the third collecting seat 401 of the third collecting mechanism 4 is provided with a third connecting mechanism 406 matched with the supporting rod of the supporting mechanism 1, in this embodiment, the third connecting mechanism 406 is a screw hole, and is convenient to install on the supporting mechanism 1. Four second connecting plates 407 are arranged between the third placing box 403 and the conical inner wall of the third collecting seat 401, and the second connecting plates 407 are narrow plates in the embodiment, so that rainfall can flow out.

As shown in fig. 14, in order to facilitate connection, the present invention further provides a fixing tube housing 5, wherein the fixing tube housing 5 includes a bolt 501 provided on the fixing tube housing 5, and the tightness can be adjusted by the bolt 501 on the tube housing, so that the fixing tube housing 5 can be fixed at different heights of the supporting mechanism 1. Each fixing pipe sleeve is provided with two supporting rod mounting seats 502, a group of first collecting mechanisms 2 for collecting ground pathogens and a group of second collecting mechanisms 3 for collecting wind pathogens can be mounted, and a single first collecting mechanism 2 or a single second collecting mechanism 3 for collecting ground pathogens can also be mounted. So as to collect the pathogenic bacteria from wind and ground in different periods and under different environmental conditions.

As shown in FIGS. 15-17, the collecting device of the present invention can be optionally installed with one or more collecting mechanisms, which is suitable for collecting germs under different situations.

As shown in fig. 15, the structure of the collecting device is that a first collecting mechanism 2 and a second collecting mechanism 3 are respectively installed on the supporting rod installing seats 502 at two sides of the fixed pipe sleeve 5 sleeved on the supporting mechanism 1 (in this embodiment, the connecting rod is used, the lower end is a conical structure, and the whole collecting device is conveniently inserted into a collecting place), and a third collecting mechanism is installed at the top end of the supporting mechanism 1, so that the germ collection on the ground, in the wind and in the rain can be simultaneously realized.

As shown in fig. 16, the positions of the first acquisition mechanism 2 and the second acquisition mechanism 3 in the acquisition device can be interchanged, and the heights can be adjusted.

As shown in fig. 17, the collecting apparatus of the present invention may be provided with a plurality of first collecting mechanisms and second collecting mechanisms, and may be applied to collecting locations of different locations, climates, and environments.

As mentioned above, the rainfall pathogen collecting device is arranged on the top of the support rod, so that pathogens brought by rainfall and settlement can be effectively gathered. The height of the fixed pipe sleeve can be adjusted as required, and the height positions of the wind germ collection device and the ground germ collection mechanism can be adjusted. A plurality of fixing pipe sleeves are arranged on the supporting rod, and a plurality of groups or a plurality of groups of wind germ collecting devices and ground germ collecting mechanisms can be arranged on the supporting rod. The three germ collecting mechanisms enable airflow to form vortex on the culture placing box by changing the moving track of the airflow passing through the device, so that germs are deposited on a culture dish serving as the placing box, and the germ collecting effect is achieved. Through changing the culture dish, can gather the germ of different time quantums to observe the quantity and the removal mode of germ. Therefore, the method can be well applied to tests and disease prediction.

Especially for the collection of wheat scab, the wheat scab is a typical climate type disease. The occurrence degree of wheat scab is mainly influenced by the comprehensive effects of factors such as the number of field gibberellic disease sources, the disease resistance of wheat varieties, air humidity, temperature and the like, so the collecting device is an effective collecting device for wheat scab.

The invention also needs to be explained as follows: the direction from bottom to top (the description of the positions above and below, etc.) described in this embodiment is determined according to the installation direction of the collecting device, and as shown in fig. 15, the direction from bottom to top after the collecting device is installed at the collecting place is the direction extending along the X axis in fig. 15.

Claims

1. The collecting device is characterized by comprising at least one supporting mechanism (1), wherein at least one collecting mechanism of the following types is fixed on the supporting mechanism (1): a first collecting mechanism (2) for collecting ground pathogens, a second collecting mechanism (3) for collecting wind pathogens and a third collecting mechanism (4) for collecting rain pathogens;

the first collection mechanism (2) comprises a first collection seat (201) with a downward opening and a conical shape, a first rain cover (202) arranged at the top end of the first collection mechanism (2), and a first placement box (203) arranged between the first collection seat (201) and the first rain cover (202);

the second collecting mechanism (3) comprises a second placing box (301), a second collecting seat (302) arranged on the periphery of the second placing box (301), and a second rain shielding cover (303) arranged above the second collecting seat (302);

the third collection mechanism (4) comprises a third collection seat (401) with an upward opening and a conical shape, a third rain cover (402) arranged at the top end of the third collection seat (401), and a third placement box (403) arranged between the third collection seat (401) and the third rain cover (402).

2. The collecting device according to claim 1, characterized in that the first collecting seat (201) is connected with the first rain cover (202) through a first connecting pipe (204), and a hollow first fence (205) is arranged at the connection position of the first connecting pipe (204) and the first rain cover (202).

3. The collecting device according to claim 2, wherein the first connecting tube (204) is provided with a curved first flow guiding mechanism (206) at the bottom periphery thereof, the first flow guiding mechanism (206) is arranged at the top end of the first collecting base (201), and the first flow guiding mechanism (206) comprises a first flow guiding portion (2061) extending upwards along the top edge of the first collecting base (201) and a second flow guiding portion (2062) extending downwards along the top edge of the first flow guiding portion (2061).

4. A collecting device according to claim 1, characterized in that a second flow guiding mechanism (304) is arranged between the second collecting base (302) and the second rain cover (303), and the second flow guiding mechanism (304) is a plurality of grid plates (3041) fixed on the upper surface of the second collecting base (302) and distributed circumferentially.

5. The collecting device according to claim 4, characterized in that the second collecting base (302) is an upwardly convex annular curved surface, and the second placing box (301) is located in the middle of the second collecting base (302).

6. A collecting device according to claim 4, characterized in that the second flashing cover (303) is a downwardly opening cone-shaped structure covering the second collecting base (302).

7. The acquisition device as claimed in claim 4, wherein the second rain cover (303) comprises an outer edge (3031) which is open downwards and has a conical structure and an inner edge (3032) which is positioned on the inner surface of the second rain cover (303), the inner edge (3032) is a curved surface which is convex downwards, and the inner edge (3032) is provided with a concave first vortex part (3033) at the center and a convex second vortex part (3034) which is arranged at the middle of the first vortex part (3033).

8. A collecting device according to claim 1, characterized in that the third collecting base (401) and the third flashing cover (402) are provided with a hollowed-out second fence (404).

9. The collecting device according to claim 1, characterized in that a plurality of through holes (405) are circumferentially distributed on the outer side of the third placing box (403).

10. The collecting device according to claim 1, characterized in that the first collecting means (2) or the second collecting means (3) are connected to the support means (1) by means of a fixed sleeve (5).